teacher’s notes fuel starter:- wood shavings, scrap pieces of paper. post it notes, poster paper...

Teacher’s NotesTeacher’s Notes• Fuel Starter:- Wood Shavings, Scrap pieces of paper.

• Post it notes, Poster Paper• Comparing fuels:-

– Per group: two spirit burners labelled A and B, boiling tubes, a 10 cm3 measuring cylinder, a thermometer, a clamp stand and a stop clock. Fuel A is ethanol and fuel B is paraffin.

– Graph Paper

• Extension:- Food Energy– Per group:- Food Samples:- Crisps, walnuts, corn flakes,

food burning clips (wooden base with spikes),

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ConnectorConnector

1. Name three different types of Energies.

2. What is Energy measured in?3. What three things do we need in

order for Combustion to occur?

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Fuels AlightFuels AlightLesson OutcomesLesson Outcomes

• To be able to explain what makes a good fuel and design an experiment to measure it with an appropriate risk assessment

• To be able to design a reliable and valid experiment checking for systematic and random errors.

• To be able to present the results in an appropriate manner and to form a conclusion from the results.

Key Words:- Chemical Energy, Control Variable, Key Words:- Chemical Energy, Control Variable, Independent Variable, Dependent Variable, Risk.Independent Variable, Dependent Variable, Risk.

What makes a good fuel?What makes a good fuel?

• Demo burning of three different types of fuels:-– Wood Shavings,– Small pieces of paper,– Bunsen burner

• Discuss which fuel is best? What makes a good fuel?

• How could you find out which fuel is best?

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Today we will plan and Today we will plan and carry out an carry out an

experiment to test experiment to test which fuel is best..which fuel is best..

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Fuel Experiment DemoFuel Experiment Demo

• Demonstrate the two fuels burning inside a spirit burner.

• Go through the different safety aspects involved. Students to write up an appropriate Risk Assessment (using writing frames).

• Students plan the variables involved in the experiment..

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Comparing Fuels Comparing Fuels ExperimentExperiment

• Aim:- To be able to design and carry out an experiment to test which fuel is best.

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What is a Variable in an What is a Variable in an experiment?experiment?

• A variable is something we can change in an experiment.

• On your post it notes write down as many different variables with this experiment as you can think of.

• On your poster draw the table below:-

• Arrange your post it notes in the table.

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Types of Variables Variable name

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

Control Variable

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• To be able to design a repeatable and valid experiment checking for systematic and random errors.



How can we ensure our How can we ensure our experiment is repeatable and experiment is repeatable and

valid?valid?

• Repeatability:- • To ensure an experiment is repeatable

you should repeat the experiment at least 3 times ensuring your results are similar each time.

• Validity:- • We can ensure our experiment is Valid by

ensuring we only change the IV in the experiment and that all other variables are kept constant.

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Results TableResults Table

• Using your variables draw an appropriate Results table.

• Remember that IV always go on the left hand side and DV on the right hand side.

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Types of Variables

Variable name

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

Control Variable

Results TableResults TableType of Fuel Initial

Temperature of Water (°C)

Final Temperature of Water (°C)

Change in Temperature (°C)

A

B

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Reading 1Reading 1

Type of Fuel Initial Temperature of Water (°C)


Change in Temperature (°C)

A

B

Reading 2Reading 2

Type of Fuel Initial Temperature of Water (°C)


Change in Temperature

A

B

Reading 3Reading 3

Can you spot any errors? Do all your repeated results look similar? If not you should repeat any that don’t.

EquipmentEquipment

• Boiling tubes 2• Holder• Water• Thermometer• Fuel• Safety goggles• Stopwatch• Heat proof mat

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Average ResultsAverage Results

• Add up your 3 readings for Change in Temperature and divide by 3.

• Draw an appropriate graph to show your results.

• Remember if both your variables (IV and DV) are numbers then you should draw a line graph otherwise draw a bar graph.

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Type of Fuel Average increase in temperature (°C)

Criteria for graph levelsCriteria for graph levels

• Labelled axis• Written units• Lines in pencil• Used at least 2/3rd of the graph• Neat columns• Range is good• Title written

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ConclusionConclusion

• Form an appropriate conclusion. • Which fuel was best?• How did you know?• Refer to your graph to form an

example.

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ExtensionExtension

• Repeat the experiment for testing which food has most energy:-– Crisps– Corn Flakes– Walnuts

– Video

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http://www.absorblearning.com/media/attachment.action?quick=vb&att=2244

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teacher’s notes fuel starter:- wood shavings, scrap pieces of paper. post it notes, poster paper...

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