tcr + mhc + antigen
DESCRIPTION
TCR + MHC + antigen. TCR and MHC Structure. Class I •expressed by nearly all cells •present antigens to T C cells • cytosolic pathway (endogenous antigen presentation). Class II •expressed only by APCs •present antigens to T H cells - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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TCR + MHC + antigen
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TCR and MHC StructureClass I
•expressed by nearly all cells •present antigens to TC cells•cytosolic pathway (endogenous antigen presentation)
Class II •expressed only by APCs•present antigens to TH cells•endocytic pathway (exogenous antigen presentation)
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Antigen Processing Comparison
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Antigen Presentation/Signaling
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Antigen Presentation/Signaling
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Antigen Presentation/Signaling
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Antigen Presentation/Signaling
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Antigen Presentation/Signaling
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Cytotoxic Action
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Cytotoxic Action
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Cytokines (Chapter 12)Cytokines•Secreted protein
• Low molecular-weight
• Regulate intensity/duration of immune response
• Variety of effects on: -lymphocytes-other immune cells
•See Appendix II
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Cytokines: Types of ActionAutocrine – A condition in which the cell acted on by a cytokine is the source of the cytokine.
Paracrine – Regulatory secretions that arrive by diffusion from a nearby cellular source.
Endocrine – Regulatory secretions that pass from the producer cell to target cell by via the bloodstream.
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Cytokine AttributesPleiotropy – a given cytokine has different biological effects on different target cells.
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Cytokine AttributesRedundancy – When two or more cytokines the mediate similar functions.
Synergy - When the combined effect of two cytokines on cellular activity is greater than the effects of the individual cytokine.
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Cytokine AttributesAntagonism – the effects of one cytokine inhibit or offset the effects of another cytokine.
Target Cell Effect____________
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Cytokine AttributesCascade Induction – when the action of one cytokine on a target cell induces that cell to produce one or more other cytokines, which in turn may induce other target cells to produce other cytokines.
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Biological Functions of Cytokines
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Classification of Cytokines Cytokine classification based their receptors:
•Immunoglobulin superfamily•Class I cytokine (Hematopoietin)•Class II cytokine (Interferon)•TNF family•Chemokine family
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Classification of Cytokines