tcm-isp:acomprehensiveintelligentserviceplatformfor

Research ArticleTCM-ISP A Comprehensive Intelligent Service Platform forIndustry Chain of Traditional Chinese Medicines

Ting Ting Cao Xian Rui Wang Xu Wei Sheng Ji Hui Wang and Yun Wang

Information Engineering Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 102488 China

Correspondence should be addressed to Yun Wang wangyunbucmeducn

Received 15 March 2021 Revised 8 April 2021 Accepted 12 April 2021 Published 4 May 2021

Academic Editor Zhihan Lv

Copyright copy 2021 Ting Ting Cao et al)is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licensewhich permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited

In order to promote information interaction intelligent regulation and scale management in Chinese medicines industry in thispaper a Chinese medicines intelligent service platform with characteristics of flexibility versatility and individuation wasdesigned under the guidance of theoretical model of intelligent manufacturing of Chinese medicines (TMIM) TCM-ISP is acomprehensive intelligent service platform that can be flexibly applied to all links of Chinese medicines industry chain whichrealizes data integration and real-time transmission as well as intelligent-flexible scheduling of equipment in response to differentdemand )e platform took logical framework of data flow as the core and adopts the modular design in which microcontrollerand sensor module are independent to obtain overall design scheme of TCM-ISP that contains the diagram of overall frameworkhardware structure and software technology)en on the groundwork of overall design scheme and modern science technologyTCM-ISP was successfully constructed with flexible intelligent and networked characteristics in which TTL-USB and TTL-RS485S were utilized to build unified interface between boards with supporting hot-plugging mode )e results of platform testsshow that TCM-ISP can not only successfully realize the integration real-time transmission and display of data information butalso well accomplish remote intelligent-flexible control of equipment and allow flexible configuration and expansion of sensorsand devices according to the needs of each link in TCMrsquos industry chain It is of great practical significance to the pursuit ofintelligent manufacturing of Chinese medicines and the promotion of modernization of Chinese medicines industry

1 Introduction

)e Chinese medicines industry is gradually showing themodern development tendency of market demand-orientedlarge-scale and intelligent management mode [1 2]However the modernization and upgrading of Chinesemedicines industry are still slow due to many obstaclefactors Specifically (1) cultivation of Chinese herbal med-icines the cultivation of Chinese herbs is mainly scatteredplanting which is just managed by traditional experiencebut also at primary stage of ldquoliving off the weatherrdquo (2)Storage and processing of Chinese herbal medicines thestorage conditions for herbs are so rudimentary that qualitycannot be guaranteed From the perspective of herbalprocessing the process and equipment are still in thesemimechanized and mechanized production stage making

it difficult to keep up with the pace of times (3) Discordanceand low level of organization in the TCM industry chain theuncoordinated development low organization and lack oflinkage of various links of Chinese medicines industry chainhave resulted in blocked information transfer and feedbackand disconnection from market demand [3ndash5] In a wordthe low degree of informatization and intelligence of Chinesemedicines industry and the backward management modeare the fundamental factors to restrict the modernizationdevelopment of Chinese medicines industry

In order to break above barriers and promote themodernization of the Chinese medicines industry the fol-lowing two works are indispensable One is that informationcollection and real-time presentation of multiple aspectsof Chinese medicines industry to provide reference forusers and managers the other is information integration

HindawiJournal of Healthcare EngineeringVolume 2021 Article ID 9938625 14 pageshttpsdoiorg10115520219938625

processing and equipment intelligent scheduling in multipleaspects of Chinese medicines industry To this end inldquoIndustry 40rdquo era characterized by Internet to things (IOT)and information technology [6ndash9] a series of studies hadbeen conducted For example the traceable system of cul-tivation process for Chinese herbal medicines (TSCM) wasconstructed on the basic of ldquoGood Agricultural Practice(GAP)rdquo and ldquoStandard Operating Procedure (SOP)rdquo to re-alize the traceability of cultivation information and themonitoring information which has significant implicationsfor intelligent control of Chinese medicines cultivation in-dustry [10] In response to the current situation of gumproduction Wang carried out the design of MES system tobuild an intelligent management platform for gums whichimproved production intelligence [11] As for stages ofextraction concentration and recovery in the process ofChinese medicines researchers developed the automaticintelligent control system resulting in increased produc-tivity [12] Moreover TCM information resource platformhad been established to provide information inquiry andconsulting services for an enterprise or to provide academicexchange and results transformation services for scientificresearchers [13 14]

)ese researches brought convenience for Chinesemedicines industry)ere was no doubt that research resultshad contributed to the modernization development ofChinese medicines industry to certain extent However theabove researches more either focused on a certain aspect orprovided more single services such as query and commu-nication service Considering the about there were local andfunctional limitations and an ideal platform should be ableto serve users from multiple aspects including on-sitemonitoring information interaction and equipment dis-patching command We remain lacking a comprehensiveintelligent service platform for Chinese medicines industryIt is significant to establish a comprehensive intelligentservice platform to realize real-time monitoring informa-tion communication and equipment intelligent schedulingin each link of TCMrsquos industry chain for promoting themodernization of Chinese medicines industry

In this paper an easy-to-operate highly scalable com-prehensive Chinese medicines intelligent service platform(TCM-ISP) was constructed on the basic of theoreticalmodel of intelligent manufacturing of Chinese medicines(TMIM) with taking interaction of data as core and newgeneration of information technology as support Underguidance of TMIM the overall construction plan was ob-tained through the design of platform functions logicalframework of data flow overall structural framework andtechnology roadmap According to overall constructionplan the construction of TCM-ISP was completed by takingadvantage of modern science technology )e platform cannot only be applied to each link of Chinese medicines in-dustry chain but also realize the integration interaction andintelligent control of information which is conducive topromoting the informationization intelligence and mod-ernization of Chinese medicines industry

As shown in Figure 1 the platform system consists of aservice platform and a plurality of distributed monitoring

points Among platform systems the platform base pointsinclude gateway nodes database and web server at the sametime each monitoring point makes up of a sensor an ap-plication device an analog-to-digital conversion device amicrocontroller and a wireless transmission module Eachmonitoring point can not only process sensor data but alsocommunicate with API of service platform After registeringand obtaining corresponding permissions users can browseand count the information in the detected area remotelyirregularly and in various ways to realize remote real-timemonitoring and management Back-end database is used fordata storage and recall

)e process of building Chinese medicines intelligentservice platform system was as follows firstly flexible in-telligent and networked platform functions were designedon the premise of analyzing user needs based on the currentsituation of Chinese medicines industry Secondly under theguidance of TMIM the data flow logic framework of Chi-nese medicines intelligent service system was constructed byusing data transmission rules )en the overall structuralframework of system hardware structure diagram ofmonitoring point and technology roadmap was designed onthe basic of the above logic framework to obtain overallconstruction scheme Finally according to the overallconstruction scheme using modern science technology tocomplete the platform construction

2 Functional Structure Design of ChineseMedicines Intelligent Service Platform

On the groundwork of analyzing user needs based on thecurrent situation of Chinese medicines industry the plat-form aimed to provide a service window for ordinary usersto view production situation of each link It can also provideworkers with services such as information integration real-time display historical inquiry and flexible intelligentcontrol of equipment in multiple aspects of industrial chain)e functional design of platform focused on structuralsystematization versatility and scalability As shown inFigure 2 the functional framework was divided into fivemajor functional modules namely user managementsensor management detailed monitoring application devicecontrol and data processing

21 User Management User management module mainlyprovides users with functions such as registration loginpassword retrieval password modification and permissions)e platform divided users into two categories general usersand administrators )e former can browse the services anduser usage by registering and logging in TCM-ISP at thesame time the latter can configure utilities authorize usersset the global platform and monitor nodes

22 Sensor Management TCM-ISP consists of a server sideplatform and a plurality of distributed monitoring pointsMonitoring points can be equipped with a variety of sensorsto collect real-time data in the deployment environmentEach monitoring point had a corresponding service

2 Journal of Healthcare Engineering

application program to process data and communicatedwith platform through API Various sensors will be used onthe platform to meet normal functions such as illuminationsensors air temperature and humidity sensors soil tem-perature and humidity sensors and flow-meter pressuresensors [15 16] After logging into the platform managerscan flexibly configure monitoring points according to spe-cific needs

23 Detailed Monitoring Monitoring details were mainlyreflected on the data and equipment status display )eplatform can present real-time monitoring data historicaldata and device-operating status and so on which providereference for users )e forms of data presented in theplatform are line charts data tables and so on It is worthnoting that administrators have access to all monitoringdata while users can only see a portion of data due to thedifference in permissions

24 Device Management )e TCM-ISP provided devicecontrol and triggering functions Control refers to an action

that the user intends platform to perform automaticallymeanwhile trigger refers to a user-set trigger condition Ifthe actual situation meets the set trigger conditions thedefined actions were executed to achieve a flexible combi-nation )e combination of control and trigger can realizereal-time operation and intelligent self-regulation betweendevices

25 Data Processing )is module mainly provided userswith data processing services such as data storage judgmentand arithmetic Real-time monitoring data were stored in aback-end database for review )rough setting thresholds ofdifferent monitoring indicators or mathematical relation-ships the application device will trigger to realize remotenetworked control when meeting the requirement

3 Data Flow Logic Framework of ChineseMedicines Intelligent Service Platform

)e logical framework of data flow is a means to describe theflow and processing of data in the system in a detailed and

Historical data

Data change chart

Sensor Device Data processingDetailed monitoring User management

Increasedecrease

Sensor editing

Increasedecrease

Equipment action

Device trigger

Mathematical formula

Threshold

Real-time dataUser

Loginregister

Intelligent service platform of TCM

Figure 2 Functional framework of Chinese medicines intelligent service platform

InternetHttp

Login

Monitoring point 1 Monitoring point 2 Monitoring point 3 Monitoring point 4 Monitoring point 5

Figure 1 Chinese medicines intelligent service platform systems

Journal of Healthcare Engineering 3

objective way which is the basis for guiding the design ofsystem solution According to the information interac-tion and device intelligent management requirementsthe realization of platform functions requires a detailedunderstanding of logical structure of data flow)ereforethis paper constructed a logical framework for the dataflow of Chinese medicines intelligent service platform(TCM-ISP) which was built on the basic of theoreticalmodel of intelligent manufacturing of Chinese medicines(TMIM)

31 (eoretical Model of Intelligent Manufacturing of Tra-ditional Chinese Medicines TMIM aims to address the lackof theoretical guidance in development process of intelligentmanufacturing of Chinese medicines TMIM is an intelligentmanufacturing paradigm with entity grammar system as itstheoretical framework which aims to guide the constructionof intelligent systems and pursuits personalized custom-ization and flexible combination of devices as well as net-worked information transmission [17]

311 Entity Grammar System Entity grammar system(EGS) is a formal grammar system established for modelingof complex systems [17 18] It has a general structure ca-pable of expressing mathematical axiomatic In entitygrammar system an entity is defined as E (V F) thatrepresents collection of all F-entities forA in which alphabetV represents a set of symbols and alphabet F represents a setof functions (or operations) Entity grammar system can bestrictly described as follows

λ isin E (V f) λ symbolizes null set with nocharactersVsubeE (V f)

f(ξ1 ξn) isin E (V f) is available from all f isin Falong with all ξ1 ξn isin (V f)

E+(V F) E(V F) minus λ is a nonempty set of F-enti-ties for V

If f is an n-ary operation in F the set of positions of f isthe set Pos(ξ) 1 2 3 n )e set of positions of anentity ξ f(ξ1 ξn) isin E (V f) showed by Pos(ξ)can be expressed as follows

Pos(λ) ΦFor ξ isin V Pos(ξ) λ For an entity ξ f(ξ1 ξn)Pos(ξ) cup n

i1 ip|p isin Pos(ξi)1113864 1113865)e size |ξ| of an entity is the cardinality of Pos(ξ)

)e entity is deemed as pseudo-f-entity in the case of oneor more ξi which is λ in an entity that is expressed byf(ξ1 ξn) In the same way with regard to all operations fin F the set of pseudo-f-entities is called pseudo-F-entitieswhich is denoted by PEE If any set AsubeE(V F) as well asf(A) A then operation f (E(V F))n⟶ E(V F) in F isreferred to pseudo-operation

A whole entity grammar system denoted by alphabet Gis a quintuple that is to say G (VN VT F P S) whereVN VT represents the finite set of nonterminal charactersand terminal symbols respectively )ere is relationshipbetween VN and VT VN cupVT V VN capVT Φ

F represents the finite set of operations F

fi|fi (E(V F))n⟶ E(V F) 1le ilem m n isin N1113864 1113865P is the inference rule of α⟶ B α isin E+(V F)

β isin E(V F)S marks initial state of the systemLet G (VN VT F P S) become an entity grammar

with the following formula L(G) ξ isinE(VTF)|S⟹lowastG ξ1113864 1113865)e set is ldquolanguagerdquo produced by entity grammar

system where S⟹lowastG ξ refers to an unspecified number

of derivations that can be taken from S to ξ If x y isin E(V F)

and f isin F then x⟹Gy We consider that y is di-rectly ratiocinated from x inG For inference rule of α⟶ βin P with u v isin E(V F) x f(u α v) andy f(u β v)

If the difference between nonterminals and terminals isnot considered as a result entity grammar system (EGS) canbe expressed as G (V F P S)

32 Construction of (eoretical Model of IntelligentManufacturing of Traditional Chinese Medicines On thefoundation of EGS a quadruple Q (V F P S) can expressthe theoretical model of intelligent manufacturing of tra-ditional Chinese medicines

(1) V V1 cupV2 where V is a collection of symbols thatmake up an entity in the production process V1 isthe set of attributes of processing object and V2 is theset of device parameters

(2)

F F1 cupF2 cupF3

F1 k(f(x) g(y)) x isin V1 y isin V2

F2 f(x)

F3 g(y)

(3)P P1 cupP2 cupP3

P1 f(x)1113864 1113865 P2 g(y)1113864 1113865

P3 k(f1 g1 f2) k(f2 g2 f3)1113864

⟹ k(f1 (g1 g2) f3)

In this definition F1 is the set of relationships betweenprocessing objects and devices F2 is the set of relationshipsbetween processing object properties F3 is the set of rela-tionships between equipment parameters P1 and P2 are thebasic structure sets of processing objects and processingdevices respectively Using the rules in P3 the chain ofrelationships from raw materials of TCM to products can beobtained If semiproduct f2 is made from raw material f1through device g1 and product f3 can be made fromsemiproduct f2 through device g2 the production linef1⟶ g1⟶ g2⟶ f3 can be obtained according to therules in P3 S stands for the initial condition in the system

TMIM has advanced production concepts of personal-ized customization flexible equipment combination andinformation network transmission It is a general intelligentmanufacturing paradigm which can be used to simulate


hierarchical structure of complex systems and guide con-struction of intelligent systems

33 (e Design of Data Flow Logic Framework Based onTMIM In TCM-ISP data transfer is at the core of platformsystem construction which runs throughout the platformsystem Under the guidance of TMIM this paper analyzedthe logical framework of data flow in detail to lay thefoundation for scheme design of Chinese medicines intel-ligent service platform

On the basic of TMIM a quadruple Q (V F P S) canalso represent the logical framework of data flow of TCM-ISP

(1) V V1 cupV2 cupV3 cupV4 cupV5(2) F f1 g11113864 1113865 f1 f1(b c d e) b isin V2 c isin V3 d isin1113864

V4 e isin V5 g1 g1(a1 a2 an) ai isin E1113864

(V2 cupV3 cupV4 cupV5 f1)

(3) P k1(a1 b1 a2) k2(a2 c1 a3)⟶ k3(a1 b1 c11113864

a3)

(4) S isin (s1 s2 s3 sm) si isin E(V2 cupV3 cupV4 cupV5 f1)

In the above definitionV refers to the basic object in TCM-ISP that is to say the collection of data information and workunits in the platform system V1 the set of data in the systemV2 data acquisition unit a collection of sensory devices V3display unit a collection of data presentation forms V4 dataprocessing unit a collection of storage control and algorithmsV5 control unit a collection of application devices

F is the basic structure of workflow of TCM-ISP f1 is thebasic combination pattern of work units in TCM-ISP G1refers to the transfer mode of the data information in flexiblecombined work unit Each workflow consists of N elementsldquoardquo in which any ldquoairdquo belongs to the set of entities formed bycombination of data information elements and work units

P represents the rule required for inference and is themain relation on which the combination of work unitsrelays that is to say using the transmission rules of datainformation to infer the combination mode of workingunits Moreover S stands for the initial condition which iscomposed ofM elements ldquoSrdquo Under the guidance of TMIMthe combination patterns of data information and work unitare designed to build the logical structure of the data flowbased on the rule set P and data information

34 Overall Structural Framework of Chinese Medicines In-telligent Service Platform )e overall structural frameworkof TCM-ISP was built through the data flow logic frameworkwith data of overall platform system as the core As shown inFigure 3 the platform system consists of three units in-cluding data acquisition unit central control unit and de-vice unit Within TCM-ISP data acquisition unit is acollection of sensory devices that are responsible for dataacquisition device unit is a collection of application devicesin the platform system In addition central control unit is aservice window for data display and data processing re-sponsible for data display data storage remote control usermanagement data interaction and other service functions

In overall architecture of the platform each functionalcomponent and application are relatively independentwhich reduces the coupling of the platform and makes theplatform have good scalability and cross-platform

4 Technology Implementation Roadmap ofChinese Medicines IntelligentService Platform

TCM-ISP focused on the communication of data infor-mation in different units aiming to provide users with aconvenient and easy-to-operate comprehensive serviceplatform According to the overall structure of TCM-ISPplatform system contains two parts one is the server sideplatform the other is the monitoring point )e monitoringpoint that is composed of sensory unit equipment unit andembedded equipment can carry out data acquisition dataconversion data transmission command reception andequipment feedback )e server side platform consists ofdata display data storage and data processing units and ithas a man-machine interface which can read store processdisplay and issue commands

In the following section we will describe the hardwarestructure diagram of monitoring point and the softwaretechnology diagram of server side platform

41 Hardware Structure of Monitoring Points In Chinesemedicines intelligent service system (TCM-ISP) eachmonitoring point can process the collected data from sensorsin a definite way and communicate with the service platformthrough API According to logical framework of data flowthe monitoring point is a collection of data collection unitsand control units which are responsible for collecting dataand flexible scheduling of equipment etc In this researchwe developed networked monitor nodes using Raspberry Piand Arduino

As shown in Figure 4 in order to ensure the flexibleconfiguration of monitoring points as well as the scalabilityof sensors in monitoring points we adopted the modulardesign idea of separate Raspberry Pi and sensor At the sametime we proposed to use CH340 USB-TTL and TTL-RS485to design a unified interface between boards with supportinghot-plugging mode In the above way when collecting newdata information due to different requirements the devel-oper only needs to develop a new sensor board according tothe unified plug-in interface without completely redesigningmonitoring points as a whole )e applied hardware devicesin monitoring points include Raspberry Pi Zero W varioussensors Arduino Nano CH340 USB-TTL and TTL-RS485

As a microcontroller Raspberry Pi is the carrier ofArduino Nano and various sensors which not only readsand controls the lower data but also interacts with the upperservice interface Raspberry Pi is a low-cost minicomputeramong which Raspberry Pi Zero which is the more suitablein the Raspberry Pi family [19ndash21] Raspberry Pi can run avariety of systems such as Linux and Windows systems Ithas a built-in Wi-FiBT wireless chip that greatly enhancescommunication capabilities Moreover the Raspberry Pi has


a variety of interface peripherals including USB port SDcard and expandable GPIO pins [22 23] As a result theRaspberry Pi can process store and upload data collected bymultiple sensors

Connecting Arduino with sensor to design the sensormodule Arduino is a convenient and flexible open sourcehardware with characteristics of cross-platform simplicity-clarity and openness [24 25] Arduino Nano contains two

TTL-RS485 TTL-RS485 TTL-RS485 TTL-RS485

Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino

Sensor 1 Sensor 2 Relay1 Relay2

USB-TTL

RS485 bus

TTL-RS485

Raspberry Pi Zero W

Figure 4 Hardware structure diagram of monitoring points

Raspberry Pi

Sensor 1

Sensor 2

Sensor 3

Device 1

Device 2

Device 3

WiFi

Server

Database Web

Data upload send command

Data upload send

command

Store data View datasend command

Data acquisition unitDevice unit

Central control unit

Figure 3 Overall structural of Chinese medicines intelligent service platform


main parts hardware and software which can be pluggeddirectly into the breadboard Hardware part is the linkcircuit of various Arduino circuit boards Software refers toa program development environment in the computerprovided by Arduino IDE Similarly Arduino Nano cannot only connect with a variety of sensors to sense envi-ronment but also control the corresponding devices toprovide feedback and influence for the environment[26 27]

With regard to signal conversion we adopted TTL-RS485 and CH340G adapters TTL-RS485 is a converter thatcan realize mutual conversion between TTL signal andRS485 bus which can guarantee the synchronization ofsignal data and direct access to the network)erefore TTL-RS485 bus connection and self-developed communicationprotocol were selected to realize signal conversion andcomplete the communication between systems CH340G is aUSB bus adapter chip that provides a MODEM contactsignal for USB to serial port It is beneficial for the platformto expand asynchronous serial port thus ensuring flexibleconfiguration of monitoring points and normal transmis-sion of data stream

42 Software Technology Roadmap of Server Side PlatformIn TCM-ISP the server side platform had human-machineinterface for providing services which was designed on thefoundation of analyzing user requirements and data flowlogic framework It provided the user with a service windowwith multiple functions such as data storage processing andcommand distribution

Software technology roadmap is shown in Figure 5 )eplatform adopted a typical browserserver structure inwhich data transfer is the core as well as monitoring pointsare both data collection point and device control point )eserver side platform consists of three parts database webservice and server side Database is mainly responsible forstorage of data Considering MySQL is an open sourcerelational database system and its advantages MySQL alongwith PHP and Apache can provide a good developmentenvironment to build back-end databases Web serviceprovides multiple services such as data display remotecontrol user management and data interaction functionsIn web application development we chose PHP scriptinglanguage as the main development language of dynamicapplication

At the same time HTML CSS and JavaScript were usedto establish the front-end interactive interface in whichHTML was used to mark up and design web pages andJavaScript was used for client-side scripting to supportdynamic displays and interactive user interfaces Web back-end used timer to request data from the data center at regularintervals Web service interface adopted a friendly graphicalinterface that contains login interface real-time monitoringinterface history query interface data chart interface al-gorithm selection interface and device management inter-face Users can access sensor data or perform configurationand management of deployed detection points via terminalor local area network

5 Test of Chinese Medicines IntelligentService Platform

Based on analysis of user requirements and overall con-struction plan of the platform we completed the con-struction of TCM-ISP )e platform homepage shown inFigure 6 provided four functions of user managementmonitoring point management device management andsensor management On this basis we tested the function ofplatform to ensure its feasibility

51 User Management )e user completed registration inthe platform and when logged in the user clicks on the usercenter to enter platform interface As shown in Figure 7 theTCM-ISP showed all registered users in the user manage-ment module which contains two categories of ordinaryusers and administrators Administrators can edit add ordelete and set user permissions etc

52 Management of Devices and Sensors )e initial inter-face of device management is shown in Figure 8 Devicemanagement module can add edit and delete sensorsand devices according to requirements When logginginto the interface the user can see all the devices set up inthe monitoring point )e platform provided managerswith flexible and scalable sensor access points When anew device is added to the monitoring point the user canclick ldquoAddrdquo button on the device management page tofill in the device information to complete the flexibleconfiguration

53 Operation of Data Information in TCM-ISP As for dataacquisition processing and device control aspects in TCM-ISP we took the temperature-humidity sensor module andrelay module as an example to test the platform system fromdata flow process to the device feedback)e data acquisitionmodule consists of a combination of temperature-humiditysensor switching devices Raspberry Pi Zero W andArduino Nano hardware devices Platform data upload pathcontains the following steps (1) sensors sense the sur-rounding environment to convert a physical signal into anelectrical signal (2) Using Arduino Nanorsquos AD conversionfunction to digitize the sensor signal (3) After getting sensordata Arduino Nano sends the data code to Raspberry Piusing the serial port and Raspberry Pi Zero W communi-cates with the server via TCP protocol to store data intoMySQL database

In data display process firstly the user sends a requeston the web interface secondly the above request in-struction accesses backstage database through PHP fi-nally search result based on request instruction feeds backto interface for data display )e platform can realize bothreal-time display of data and review of historical data inwhich data are presented in the form of statistical curvesor data tables Meanwhile you can view data changeswithin the set time range Figures 9 and 10 show the real-time temperature-humidity data of environment and the


ambient temperature-humidity data read by the back-endserver respectively

Figures 11 and 12 show the line graphs of historical dataof ambient temperature and humidity respectively

Regarding the calculation and processing of data theplatform provided a window for flexible data processing inwhich users can add their own algorithms as needed )edata processing interface is shown in Figure 13

54 Control of Application Equipment Users can setthreshold conditions in trigger interface according to thetype of monitoring data When meeting trigger conditionsthe platform can realize the flexible intelligent and net-worked regulation of equipment through relays As shown inFigure 14 this is the setting interface of trigger condition Inaddition users can also send open or close commands to theserver by clicking on the switch button in the service

Manage request

Manage result

Data request

Data display

Status display

Remote control

Data uplod

Data download

User information

Device

Sensor

ActionTrigger

Sensor 1

Sensor 2

Sensor 3

Trigger

Execution action

PHP

PHP Nginxhelliphellip

User information

table

Devicetable

Sensortable

Action table

Triggertable helliphellip

MySQL

TCP

TLL-RS485

SwitchSwitch

Web service FastCGIPHP Nginx

HTML JavaScript CSS API

Browser

HTTP

Raspberry Pi

User

Seneor 1 + Arduino

Sensor 2 + Arduino

Sensor 3 + Arduino

Figure 5 Software technology roadmap of server side platform


interface Further when receiving command the serversends a command to the relay to complete remote networkedcontrol of devices Simultaneously the operation status ofthe application device was displayed in the service interfaceas shown in Figure 15

According to the functions of the platform we suc-cessfully finished the registration login and management ofuser and arrangement of monitoring points as well asmanagement of sensors and equipment Moreover we took

the temperature-humidity sensor module and relay moduleas an example to verify the feasibility of TCM-ISP op-eration )e result shows that TCM-ISP can not onlyrealize the integration real-time transmission and dis-play of data information but also well accomplish remoteintelligent-flexible control of equipment and carry outflexible scheduling intelligent self-regulation and net-work transmission according to the requirements of usersIt is of great significance to solve the current difficulties of

Figure 7 )e interface of user management

Figure 8 Management interface of devices and sensors

Figure 6 Homepage of Chinese medicines intelligent service platform


low informatization and intelligence in Chinese medicinesindustry and promote the development of intelligentmanufacturing in Chinese medicines industry

6 Discussion

61 Advantages of (eoretical Model of IntelligentManufacturing of Chinese Medicines )eoretical model ofintelligent manufacturing of Chinese medicines (TMIM)was mainly proposed to address the lack of theoreticalguidance in the development process of intelligentmanufacturing of Chinese medicines TMIMrsquos core fea-tures are the pursuit of intelligence networking andflexibility with the solid theoretical foundation-entitygrammar system and support of modern science tech-nology [17 18] A generic intelligent manufacturing par-adigm TMIM can simulate complex structures inintelligent systems and especially guide the construction ofintelligent systems )erefore we use TMIM to simulatethe data framework system of the intelligent platform to

depict the combination and transmission of data and in-dividual units in detail and objectively which is beneficialto understand the logical relationship of platform systemand later digital programming

62Construction of Intelligent ServicePlatform forTraditionalChineseMedicines In order to realize real-time monitoringinformation communication and intelligent scheduling ofequipment in whole TCMrsquos industry chain and to promotemodernization of Chinese medicines industry in this paperwe designed the intelligent service platform for Chinesemedicines (TCM-ISP)

Data flow is the transfer of data between units of theplatform In the early stage of building TCM-ISP data flowframework system of the platform was established on thebasic of TMIM Although the form of data in each link ofTCM is different the rules of data transmission are the samein each link [28] )e construction of a data flow frameworksystem is conducive to clarifying the data transmission rules

Figure 10 Ambient data of temperature-humidity

Figure 9 Real-time data of temperature-humidity


between units and sorting out the logical relationship be-tween the data operation of each unit to establish TCM-ISP

)e successful establishment of TCM-ISP cannot beachieved without support of modern science technologyNew-generation information technology ensures the net-worked and intelligent operation of TCM-ISP such aswireless communication cloud computing and sensors[15 29] However due to different sensing devices andcommunication protocols of each link it is difficult for theplatform system to achieve unified scheduling or completeflexible configuration according to demand To solve theproblem of flexible configuration or scheduling this paper

proposes a modular design idea of separate Raspberry Pi andsensor modules On the premise of modular design conceptCH340 USB-TTL and TTL-RS485 were used to design aunified interface between boards supporting mode of hotplugging In the hot-plugging mode it is easy to develop newsensor boards without the requirement to redesign the entiremonitoring front-end

63 Features of the Chinese Medicines Intelligent ServicePlatform )e Chinese medicines intelligent service platform(TCM-ISP) was established based on the theoretical model of

30

25

Tem

pera

ture

(degC) 20

15

195957 200001 200006Time

Ambient temperature

200010 200014 200019 200023

10

5

0

Figure 11 Data graph of ambient temperature

Ambient humidity

195957 200001 200006Time

200010 200014 200019 200023

3534

Hum

idity

333231302928272625

Figure 12 Data graph of ambient humidity

Figure 13 Processing interface of data in TCM-ISP


intelligent manufacturing of traditional Chinese medicines(TMIM) With the purpose of serving the public it alsopursues personalized service flexible configuration and in-telligent collaboration TCM-ISP is a dynamic mobile uni-versal service platform in which users can interact with theweb application on the LAN or log in to the web interfacefrom any terminal on the Internet to access Not only canmanagers easily deploy multimonitoring applications onTCM-ISP but they can also add sensors and applicationdevices according to requirements TCM-ISP effectivelyovercomes the main drawbacks of the existing platformnamely the limitation of services static configuration whichmakes it difficult to adapt to the diversity integration in-teraction and overall planning of information in each links ofthe Chinese medicines industry chain In addition themonitoring points of the platform adopt themode of modular

separation and hot plug-in unified interface which providesusers with flexible and extensible sensor access points

7 Conclusion

In this paper an easy-to-operate extensible and compre-hensive Chinese medicines intelligent platform (TCM-ISP)with characteristics of flexibility versatility and individu-ation was constructed under the guidance of theoreticalmodel of intelligent manufacturing of Chinese medicinesTCM-ISP is a comprehensive intelligent service platformwhich breaks through limitations of existing platforms thatwere more designed for specific segments or provide asingle service TCM-ISP can not only successfully realize theintegration real-time transmission and display of datainformation but also well accomplish remote intelligent-

Figure 15 )e display interface of device status

Figure 14 )e setting interface of trigger


flexible control of equipment and allow flexible config-uration and expansion of sensors and devices according tothe needs of each link in TCMrsquos industry chain It is ofgreat practical significance to the pursuit of intelligentmanufacturing of Chinese medicines and the promotionof modernization of Chinese medicines industry

Data Availability

)is article does not deal with experimental data and dataanalysis the article deals with the establishment of theTCM-ISP service platform )e authors did not get per-mission to share the data

Conflicts of Interest

)e authors declare that there are no financial and personalconflicts of interest with other people or organizations

Authorsrsquo Contributions

Xian Rui Wang and Ting Ting Cao contributed to theconception of the study and contributed significantly toanalysis and manuscript preparation Hui Wang and XianRui Wang performed a logical analysis XuWei Sheng Ji andTing Ting Cao gave technical support all the authors dis-cussed and modified this paper before submission

Acknowledgments

)is work was supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China (Study on identification and mecha-nism analysis of effective components of traditional Chinesemedicines based on attractor Approval no 81973495)

References

[1] L Hui and Z G Ma ldquoAnalysis on situation of traditionChinese medicine development and protection strategies inChinardquo Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine vol 26pp 943ndash946 2020

[2] W-Y Wang H Zhou Y-F Wang B-S Sang and L LiuldquoCurrent policies and measures on the development of tra-ditional Chinese medicine in Chinardquo Pharmacological Re-search vol 163 p 105187 2021

[3] M X Ran ldquoStatus quo and development suggestions forcultivation of medicinal plants in Chinardquo Modern ChineseMedicine vol 10 no 3 pp 3ndash6 2008

[4] W Wang J Xu H Fang Z Li and M Li ldquoAdvances andchallenges in medicinal plant breedingrdquo Plant Sciencevol 298 p 110573 2020

[5] F Li T Zhang Q Sha X Pei Y Song and C Li ldquoGreenreformation of Chinese traditional manufacturing industryapproach and potential for cooperationrdquo ProcediaManufacturing vol 43 pp 285ndash292 2020

[6] D Georgakopoulos P P Jayaraman M Fazia M Villari andR Ranjan ldquoInternet of things and edge cloud computingroadmap for manufacturingrdquo IEEE Cloud Computing vol 3no 4 pp 66ndash73 2016

[7] G Kube and T Rinn ldquoIndustry 40mdashthe next revolution inthe industrial sectorrdquo ZKG International vol 67 no 11pp 30ndash32 2014

[8] E Welbourn L Battle G Cole et al ldquoBuilding the internet ofthings using RFID the RFID ecosystem experiencerdquo IEEEInternet Comput vol 13 no 3 pp 48ndash55 2009

[9] J Wan S Tang Z Shu et al ldquoSoftware defined industrialinternet of things in the context of industry 40rdquo IEEE SensorsJournal vol 16 no 22 pp 7373ndash7380 2016

[10] Y M Xin Research and Development of Information ServicePlatform for Common Chinese Herbal Medicine PlantingBased on Android Shandong Agricultural University TairsquoanChina 2018

[11] D-Y Wang F-H Zhang X Y Liu and Y N Ping ldquoDesignof MES for the intelligent manufacturing in glue Chinesemedicine industryrdquo Automation amp Instrumentation vol 34no 3 pp 23ndash27 2019

[12] Y H Cui (e Research and Development on Automatic In-telligence Control System of Chinese Traditional MedicineProduction Hunan University Changsha China 2006

[13] Z L Ji H Zhou J F Wang L Y Han C J Zheng andY Z Chen ldquoTraditional Chinese medicine information da-tabaserdquo Journal of Ethnopharmacology vol 103 no 3 p 5012006

[14] W-J Xu L-T Wang Z-P Zhao et al ldquoProspects of acomprehensive evaluation system for traditional Chinesemedicine servicesrdquo Journal of Integrative Medicine vol 15no 6 pp 426ndash432 2017

[15] W-H Nam T Kim E-M Hong J-Y Choi and J-T KimldquoA wireless sensor network (WSN) application for irrigationfacilities management based on information and communi-cation technologies (ICTs)rdquo Computers and Electronics inAgriculture vol 143 pp 185ndash192 2017

[16] S Li L D Xu and X Wang ldquoCompressed sensing signal anddata acquisition in wireless sensor networks and internet ofthingsrdquo IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics vol 9no 4 pp 2177ndash2186 2013

[17] T T Cao and Y Wang ldquoConstruction of theoretical model oftraditional Chinese medicine intelligent manufacturingrdquoChina Journal of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica vol 44no 14 pp 3123ndash3127 2019

[18] Y Wang ldquoEntity grammar systems a grammatical tool forstudying the hierarchal structures of biological systemsrdquo Bulletinof Mathematical Biology vol 66 no 3 pp 447ndash471 2004

[19] K Zhou and Y Yuan ldquoA smart ammunition library man-agement system based on raspberry pierdquo Procedia ComputerScience vol 166 pp 165ndash169 2020

[20] W J McBride and R J Courter ldquoUsing Raspberry Pi mi-crocomputers to remotely monitor birds and collect envi-ronmental datardquo Ecological Informatics vol 54pp 101016ndash101038 2019

[21] V S Kumar S N Ashish I V Gowtham E Prabhu andS P Ashwin Balaji ldquoSmart driver assistance system usingRaspberry Pi and sensor networksrdquo Microprocess andMicrosystems vol 79 pp 103275ndash103286 2020

[22] V Vujovic and M Maksimoc ldquoRaspberry Pi as a sensor webnode for home automationrdquo Computers amp Electrical Engi-neering vol 44 pp 153ndash171 2015

[23] S Ferdoush and X Li ldquoWireless sensor network systemdesign using Raspberry Pi and Arduino for environmentalmonitoring applicationsrdquo Procedia Computer Science vol 34pp 103ndash110 2014


[24] Z F Li J T Li X F Li Y J Yang J Xiao and B W XuldquoDesign of office intelligent lighting system based on Ardu-inordquo Procedia Computer Science vol 166 pp 134ndash138 2020

[25] I Gonzales and A J Calderon ldquoIntegration of open sourcehardware Arduino platform in automation systems applied tosmart gridsmicro-gridsrdquo Sustainable Energy Technologyvol 36 pp 100557ndash100569 2019

[26] N A Aryad S Syarif M Ahmad and S Asrsquoad ldquoBreast milkvolume using portable double pumpmicrocontroller Arduinonanordquo Enfermerıa Clınica vol 30 no 2 pp 555ndash558 2020

[27] S-E Oltean ldquoMobile robot platform with Arduino uno andraspberry pi for autonomous navigationrdquo ProcediaManufacturing vol 32 pp 572ndash577 2019

[28] M Danelutto D De Sensi and M Torquati ldquoA power-awareself-adaptive macro data flow frameworkrdquo Parallel ProcessingLetters vol 27 no 1 pp 1740004ndash1740024 2017

[29] D C Mohr K Shilton and M Hotopf ldquoDigital phenotypingbehavioral sensing or personal sensing names and trans-parency in the digital agerdquo NPJ Digital Medicine vol 3pp 45ndash47 2020


processing and equipment intelligent scheduling in multipleaspects of Chinese medicines industry To this end inldquoIndustry 40rdquo era characterized by Internet to things (IOT)and information technology [6ndash9] a series of studies hadbeen conducted For example the traceable system of cul-tivation process for Chinese herbal medicines (TSCM) wasconstructed on the basic of ldquoGood Agricultural Practice(GAP)rdquo and ldquoStandard Operating Procedure (SOP)rdquo to re-alize the traceability of cultivation information and themonitoring information which has significant implicationsfor intelligent control of Chinese medicines cultivation in-dustry [10] In response to the current situation of gumproduction Wang carried out the design of MES system tobuild an intelligent management platform for gums whichimproved production intelligence [11] As for stages ofextraction concentration and recovery in the process ofChinese medicines researchers developed the automaticintelligent control system resulting in increased produc-tivity [12] Moreover TCM information resource platformhad been established to provide information inquiry andconsulting services for an enterprise or to provide academicexchange and results transformation services for scientificresearchers [13 14]

)ese researches brought convenience for Chinesemedicines industry)ere was no doubt that research resultshad contributed to the modernization development ofChinese medicines industry to certain extent However theabove researches more either focused on a certain aspect orprovided more single services such as query and commu-nication service Considering the about there were local andfunctional limitations and an ideal platform should be ableto serve users from multiple aspects including on-sitemonitoring information interaction and equipment dis-patching command We remain lacking a comprehensiveintelligent service platform for Chinese medicines industryIt is significant to establish a comprehensive intelligentservice platform to realize real-time monitoring informa-tion communication and equipment intelligent schedulingin each link of TCMrsquos industry chain for promoting themodernization of Chinese medicines industry

In this paper an easy-to-operate highly scalable com-prehensive Chinese medicines intelligent service platform(TCM-ISP) was constructed on the basic of theoreticalmodel of intelligent manufacturing of Chinese medicines(TMIM) with taking interaction of data as core and newgeneration of information technology as support Underguidance of TMIM the overall construction plan was ob-tained through the design of platform functions logicalframework of data flow overall structural framework andtechnology roadmap According to overall constructionplan the construction of TCM-ISP was completed by takingadvantage of modern science technology )e platform cannot only be applied to each link of Chinese medicines in-dustry chain but also realize the integration interaction andintelligent control of information which is conducive topromoting the informationization intelligence and mod-ernization of Chinese medicines industry

As shown in Figure 1 the platform system consists of aservice platform and a plurality of distributed monitoring

points Among platform systems the platform base pointsinclude gateway nodes database and web server at the sametime each monitoring point makes up of a sensor an ap-plication device an analog-to-digital conversion device amicrocontroller and a wireless transmission module Eachmonitoring point can not only process sensor data but alsocommunicate with API of service platform After registeringand obtaining corresponding permissions users can browseand count the information in the detected area remotelyirregularly and in various ways to realize remote real-timemonitoring and management Back-end database is used fordata storage and recall

)e process of building Chinese medicines intelligentservice platform system was as follows firstly flexible in-telligent and networked platform functions were designedon the premise of analyzing user needs based on the currentsituation of Chinese medicines industry Secondly under theguidance of TMIM the data flow logic framework of Chi-nese medicines intelligent service system was constructed byusing data transmission rules )en the overall structuralframework of system hardware structure diagram ofmonitoring point and technology roadmap was designed onthe basic of the above logic framework to obtain overallconstruction scheme Finally according to the overallconstruction scheme using modern science technology tocomplete the platform construction

2 Functional Structure Design of ChineseMedicines Intelligent Service Platform

On the groundwork of analyzing user needs based on thecurrent situation of Chinese medicines industry the plat-form aimed to provide a service window for ordinary usersto view production situation of each link It can also provideworkers with services such as information integration real-time display historical inquiry and flexible intelligentcontrol of equipment in multiple aspects of industrial chain)e functional design of platform focused on structuralsystematization versatility and scalability As shown inFigure 2 the functional framework was divided into fivemajor functional modules namely user managementsensor management detailed monitoring application devicecontrol and data processing

21 User Management User management module mainlyprovides users with functions such as registration loginpassword retrieval password modification and permissions)e platform divided users into two categories general usersand administrators )e former can browse the services anduser usage by registering and logging in TCM-ISP at thesame time the latter can configure utilities authorize usersset the global platform and monitor nodes

22 Sensor Management TCM-ISP consists of a server sideplatform and a plurality of distributed monitoring pointsMonitoring points can be equipped with a variety of sensorsto collect real-time data in the deployment environmentEach monitoring point had a corresponding service









Historical data

Data change chart


Increasedecrease

Sensor editing

Increasedecrease

Equipment action

Device trigger


Threshold

Real-time dataUser

Loginregister



InternetHttp

Login

























(2)

F F1 cupF2 cupF3


F2 f(x)

F3 g(y)

(3)P P1 cupP2 cupP3

P1 f(x)1113864 1113865 P2 g(y)1113864 1113865

P3 k(f1 g1 f2) k(f2 g2 f3)1113864

⟹ k(f1 (g1 g2) f3)










(3) P k1(a1 b1 a2) k2(a2 c1 a3)⟶ k3(a1 b1 c11113864

a3)



















USB-TTL

RS485 bus

TTL-RS485

Raspberry Pi Zero W


Raspberry Pi

Sensor 1

Sensor 2

Sensor 3

Device 1

Device 2

Device 3

WiFi

Server

Database Web


Data upload send

command






















Manage request

Manage result

Data request

Data display

Status display

Remote control

Data uplod

Data download

User information

Device

Sensor

ActionTrigger

Sensor 1

Sensor 2

Sensor 3

Trigger

Execution action

PHP


User information

table

Devicetable

Sensortable

Action table


MySQL

TCP

TLL-RS485

SwitchSwitch



Browser

HTTP

Raspberry Pi

User

Seneor 1 + Arduino

Sensor 2 + Arduino

Sensor 3 + Arduino











6 Discussion












30

25

Tem

pera

ture

(degC) 20

15

195957 200001 200006Time

Ambient temperature

200010 200014 200019 200023

10

5

0


Ambient humidity

195957 200001 200006Time

200010 200014 200019 200023

3534

Hum

idity

333231302928272625






7 Conclusion






Data Availability






Acknowledgments


References







































Historical data

Data change chart


Increasedecrease

Sensor editing

Increasedecrease

Equipment action

Device trigger


Threshold

Real-time dataUser

Loginregister



InternetHttp

Login

























(2)

F F1 cupF2 cupF3


F2 f(x)

F3 g(y)

(3)P P1 cupP2 cupP3

P1 f(x)1113864 1113865 P2 g(y)1113864 1113865

P3 k(f1 g1 f2) k(f2 g2 f3)1113864

⟹ k(f1 (g1 g2) f3)










(3) P k1(a1 b1 a2) k2(a2 c1 a3)⟶ k3(a1 b1 c11113864

a3)



















USB-TTL

RS485 bus

TTL-RS485

Raspberry Pi Zero W


Raspberry Pi

Sensor 1

Sensor 2

Sensor 3

Device 1

Device 2

Device 3

WiFi

Server

Database Web


Data upload send

command






















Manage request

Manage result

Data request

Data display

Status display

Remote control

Data uplod

Data download

User information

Device

Sensor

ActionTrigger

Sensor 1

Sensor 2

Sensor 3

Trigger

Execution action

PHP


User information

table

Devicetable

Sensortable

Action table


MySQL

TCP

TLL-RS485

SwitchSwitch



Browser

HTTP

Raspberry Pi

User

Seneor 1 + Arduino

Sensor 2 + Arduino

Sensor 3 + Arduino











6 Discussion












30

25

Tem

pera

ture

(degC) 20

15

195957 200001 200006Time

Ambient temperature

200010 200014 200019 200023

10

5

0


Ambient humidity

195957 200001 200006Time

200010 200014 200019 200023

3534

Hum

idity

333231302928272625






7 Conclusion






Data Availability






Acknowledgments


References





















































(2)

F F1 cupF2 cupF3


F2 f(x)

F3 g(y)

(3)P P1 cupP2 cupP3

P1 f(x)1113864 1113865 P2 g(y)1113864 1113865

P3 k(f1 g1 f2) k(f2 g2 f3)1113864

⟹ k(f1 (g1 g2) f3)










(3) P k1(a1 b1 a2) k2(a2 c1 a3)⟶ k3(a1 b1 c11113864

a3)



















USB-TTL

RS485 bus

TTL-RS485

Raspberry Pi Zero W


Raspberry Pi

Sensor 1

Sensor 2

Sensor 3

Device 1

Device 2

Device 3

WiFi

Server

Database Web


Data upload send

command






















Manage request

Manage result

Data request

Data display

Status display

Remote control

Data uplod

Data download

User information

Device

Sensor

ActionTrigger

Sensor 1

Sensor 2

Sensor 3

Trigger

Execution action

PHP


User information

table

Devicetable

Sensortable

Action table


MySQL

TCP

TLL-RS485

SwitchSwitch



Browser

HTTP

Raspberry Pi

User

Seneor 1 + Arduino

Sensor 2 + Arduino

Sensor 3 + Arduino











6 Discussion












30

25

Tem

pera

ture

(degC) 20

15

195957 200001 200006Time

Ambient temperature

200010 200014 200019 200023

10

5

0


Ambient humidity

195957 200001 200006Time

200010 200014 200019 200023

3534

Hum

idity

333231302928272625






7 Conclusion






Data Availability






Acknowledgments


References






































(3) P k1(a1 b1 a2) k2(a2 c1 a3)⟶ k3(a1 b1 c11113864

a3)



















USB-TTL

RS485 bus

TTL-RS485

Raspberry Pi Zero W


Raspberry Pi

Sensor 1

Sensor 2

Sensor 3

Device 1

Device 2

Device 3

WiFi

Server

Database Web


Data upload send

command






















Manage request

Manage result

Data request

Data display

Status display

Remote control

Data uplod

Data download

User information

Device

Sensor

ActionTrigger

Sensor 1

Sensor 2

Sensor 3

Trigger

Execution action

PHP


User information

table

Devicetable

Sensortable

Action table


MySQL

TCP

TLL-RS485

SwitchSwitch



Browser

HTTP

Raspberry Pi

User

Seneor 1 + Arduino

Sensor 2 + Arduino

Sensor 3 + Arduino











6 Discussion












30

25

Tem

pera

ture

(degC) 20

15

195957 200001 200006Time

Ambient temperature

200010 200014 200019 200023

10

5

0


Ambient humidity

195957 200001 200006Time

200010 200014 200019 200023

3534

Hum

idity

333231302928272625






7 Conclusion






Data Availability






Acknowledgments


References





































USB-TTL

RS485 bus

TTL-RS485

Raspberry Pi Zero W


Raspberry Pi

Sensor 1

Sensor 2

Sensor 3

Device 1

Device 2

Device 3

WiFi

Server

Database Web


Data upload send

command






















Manage request

Manage result

Data request

Data display

Status display

Remote control

Data uplod

Data download

User information

Device

Sensor

ActionTrigger

Sensor 1

Sensor 2

Sensor 3

Trigger

Execution action

PHP


User information

table

Devicetable

Sensortable

Action table


MySQL

TCP

TLL-RS485

SwitchSwitch



Browser

HTTP

Raspberry Pi

User

Seneor 1 + Arduino

Sensor 2 + Arduino

Sensor 3 + Arduino











6 Discussion












30

25

Tem

pera

ture

(degC) 20

15

195957 200001 200006Time

Ambient temperature

200010 200014 200019 200023

10

5

0


Ambient humidity

195957 200001 200006Time

200010 200014 200019 200023

3534

Hum

idity

333231302928272625






7 Conclusion






Data Availability






Acknowledgments


References
















































Manage request

Manage result

Data request

Data display

Status display

Remote control

Data uplod

Data download

User information

Device

Sensor

ActionTrigger

Sensor 1

Sensor 2

Sensor 3

Trigger

Execution action

PHP


User information

table

Devicetable

Sensortable

Action table


MySQL

TCP

TLL-RS485

SwitchSwitch



Browser

HTTP

Raspberry Pi

User

Seneor 1 + Arduino

Sensor 2 + Arduino

Sensor 3 + Arduino











6 Discussion












30

25

Tem

pera

ture

(degC) 20

15

195957 200001 200006Time

Ambient temperature

200010 200014 200019 200023

10

5

0


Ambient humidity

195957 200001 200006Time

200010 200014 200019 200023

3534

Hum

idity

333231302928272625






7 Conclusion






Data Availability






Acknowledgments


References








































6 Discussion












30

25

Tem

pera

ture

(degC) 20

15

195957 200001 200006Time

Ambient temperature

200010 200014 200019 200023

10

5

0


Ambient humidity

195957 200001 200006Time

200010 200014 200019 200023

3534

Hum

idity

333231302928272625






7 Conclusion






Data Availability






Acknowledgments


References




































30

25

Tem

pera

ture

(degC) 20

15

195957 200001 200006Time

Ambient temperature

200010 200014 200019 200023

10

5

0


Ambient humidity

195957 200001 200006Time

200010 200014 200019 200023

3534

Hum

idity

333231302928272625






7 Conclusion






Data Availability






Acknowledgments


References


































7 Conclusion






Data Availability






Acknowledgments


References

































Data Availability






Acknowledgments


References
































tcm-isp:acomprehensiveintelligentserviceplatformfor

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