tc30 c tester

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester

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THE TESTSETFor this scenario I will use a T-30c ramptester from the TIC company.With this testset u can perform a system test on the V! "VHF mni#irectional !an$e%& the

'ocali(er& the )li#eslope an# the *ar+er ,eacon systems.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


WHT IS IST!/*ET 'I)

S1STE*The fli$htcrew ha2e se2eral lan#in$ ai#s that $ui#e the aircraft #own to the runway.First there is the Instrument 'an#in$ system itself& there are se2eral systems a2ailale ut y far themost common is the localiser4$li#eslope I'S.

The localiser is a set of antenna5s that sen# out two #irectional fre6uency ran$es& one aime# sli$htlyto the left of the runway an# one aime# sli$htly to the ri$ht.The aircraft recei2es these two fre6uencies& when the fre6uencies are recei2e# e6ually stron$ the

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


aircraft is on the centerline of the runway.

The localiser array is positione# at the far en# of the runway so that aircraft still ha2e localiser#isplay "centerline of the runway% after touch#own.

The localiser sen#s the left4ri$ht $ui#ance to the aircraft& the $li#eslope sen#s up4#own $ui#ance tothe aircraft.The principle is the same& two #ifferent fre6uencies are sen# one sli$htly hi$her than the proper

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


$li#eslope path an# one sli$thly elow.

It ma+es sence that aircraft touch #own rou$hly where the $li#eslope antenna is ecause that is the2ertical eacon.Therefore the $li#eslope antenna is positione# at the e$innin$ of the runway so the aircraft has therest of the runway a2ailale to slow #own.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


Then there is the *ar+er ,eacon "*,%& these are three #irectional ra#io eacons that sen# out asi$nal more or less upwar#.These 5cones5 are locate# on the centerline of the runway.The outer mar+er wich is rou$hly etween 3.7 an# 8 nautical miles from the runway threshol#& theinner mar+er is etween 0.7 an# 0.9 nautical miles from the runway treshol#.Some airfiel#s incorperate a mi##le mar+er& this mar+er is 3700 feet from the runway threshol#& onthe ri$ht $li#eslope the altitu#e at this mar+er shoul# e :00 feet. This altitu#e is the #ecision hei$htfor a cat ; autolan# so ac+ in the #ay this mar+er was use# to i#entify the #ecision hei$ht point.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


S*E THE! 'I) )/ICEn most airports there are also other lan#in$ ai#s a2ailale for the fli$ht crew li+e the <recision

pproach <ath In#icator or <<I.

The fli$htcrew can use these li$hts for a 2isual 2erification that they are on the correct $li#eslope.Half the li$hts shoul# e re# an# the other half white "sometimes yellow% to e on the correct$li#eslope.If there are more re# li$hts than white li$hts the aircraft is comin$ in too low an# more white li$htsthan re# li$hts means that the aircraft is too hi$h.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


Then there is the the approach li$htin$ system "'S%.

The li$hts in the mi##le in#icate the centerline of the runway an# the lines are to in#icate thehori(on.

s seen here from a fli$ht #ec+& the hori(on ar li$hts in#icate the correct roll attitu#e of the aircraftfor the lan#in$.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


The !unway En# I#entification 'i$hts "!EI'% wich are flashin$ li$hts that in#icate the en# of therunway.

,C= T THE TESTSETSo let5s #o the sytem tests. First we fin# the 5on5 switch.

We start with the 'ocaliser an# )li#eslope to test the I'S "Instrument 'an#in$ System% of the aircraftso we select I'S on the function selector. lso we select the attenuator settin$.

attenuator is asically the opposite of a amplifier& it re#uces the output si$nal. The attenuator is

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


use# to set the output si$nal le2el to the threshol# le2el.

I select a fre6uency on wich we will start to transmit the 'C4)S. The top one is the localiserfre6uency an# the ottom one is the )S fre6uency. We only tune the localiser fre6uency in theaircraft& the $li#eslope is automatically selecte# for the localiser fre6uency.

In this case we select ;09.;0 for localiser an# automatically the )S will e selecte# at 33>.80.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


ur company uses *ulti *o#e !ecei2ers "**!5s% rather than VHF a2 recei2ers an# I'S recei2ers.The 838 p$ first uses a V!4'C antenna on the tail that operates the ma?ority of the time.

When a I'S "Instrument 'an#in$ System% fre6uency is tune# an# the V!4'C mo#e arme# oren$a$e# from the FCS two I'S transfer relays will switch the inputs to the *ulti *o#e !ecei2ersfrom the tail V!4'C antenna to the nose 'C antenna.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


The attenuator on the I'S transfer relay is #esi$ne# to re#uce electroma$netic interference.The antenna5s are a fair #istance away from each other.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


'i+e the 'ocaliser an# the )li#eslope antenna& the V!4'C antenna has two seperate connectionsfor the na2i$ation sets.

These are the $li#eslope an# the localiser antenna5s.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


I step insi#e a 838 ne@t $eneration for this test an# alli$n the I!S "inertial reference system%.

The #isplay that we can see on the <F "<rimary Fli$ht isplay% is not in a lan#in$ mo#e yet. Forthis test we nee# to e in lan#in$ mo#e to test the Instrument 'an#in$ system offcourse.

First let5s loo+ at this #isplay& the #isplay is not in the lan#in$ mo#e ecause the aircraft is in a V!mo#e now& the left na2i$ation control panel "we5re loo+in$ at the left4captain5s <F% is tune# to aV! fre6uency& if the fre6uency selecte# is a I'S fre6uency the aircraft will $o into a lan#in$ mo#e.The 'C fre6uency ran$e is etween the ;09.;0 *h( an# ;;;.A7 *h( an# are the o## tenth5s& thee2en tenth5s are V! fre6uencies.*E fre6uency ran$e is etween 3:9.B *h( an# 337.> *h( ut ecause they are automaticallytune# to the localiser fre6uency we #on5t nee# to set this one.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


I select the I'S fre6uency that we ha2e set on the TIC testset ";09.;0%

ow u can see that the aircraft is in a lan#in$ mo#e& the localiser an# the $li#eslope scale can eseen now. ne #ot represents one #e$ree of #e2iation from the 5on course5 in#icator in the mi##le of

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


the localiser an# 0.37 #e$ree5s #e2iation for the $li#eslope.

If u loo+ at the localiser scale "the ottom one% wich $i2es left or ri$ht #e2iations& u can see thema$enta colore# #iamon# tellin$ us that we are 5on course5 for the localiser.,ut if u loo+ at the $li#eslope scale u can see that we ha2en5t $ot a $li#eslope #iamon#.This is ecause we ha2e selecte# a approach course on the *C< "mo#e control panel% that is morethen A0 #e$rees left or A0 #e$rees ri$ht of our current ma$netic hea#in$ an# y that is in#icatin$that we are flyin$ on a ac+course approach.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


ac+course approach is when u lan# in the opposite #irection as the I'S $roun# stations ha2eeen place#. The aircraft will use the "less powerfull% si$nals comin$ from the ac+ of the localisereacon "the 5ac+eam5%.<ilots use this when there woul# e a si$nificant tailwin# at lan#in$& this o2iously re#uces thecontrolaility of the aircraft an# increases the lan#in$ spee#. This is unfa2orale an# this is why theywill circle aroun# an# lan# from the opposite #irection.The localiser transmitter is normally situate# at the en# of the runway to $i2e pilots runway $ui#ancean# therefore there is no runway $ui#ance on a ac+course approach. In a ac+course approach the$li#eslope is inhiite#& this is proaly for the est too ecause the $li#eslope transmitter is normallylocate# at the e$innin$ of the runway to ma+e sure that the aircraft touches $roun# there an# in thecase of a ac+course it woul# e all the way at the far en# of the runway.

It5s also nice to +now that when u ma+e a ac+course approach& the $ui#ance #irections for thelocaliser are in2erse#.,ecause the aircraft is flyin$ 5mirrore#5 to the station& the si$nals that are recei2e# are interprete#in2ersely as how the pilots shoul# steer.What5s more important for us ri$ht now is that the aircraft now thin+s that we ha2e selecte# aac+course an# is inhiitin$ any $li#eslope information that it may recei2e.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


Therefore we select a course to suit our ma$netic hea#in$.

n# there5s our $li#eslope.

/ can see that the #e2iation is now pointin$ one #ot to the left an# one #ot #own.That is ecause I52e selecte# this on the testset usin$ the preset settin$s. It is also possile to select

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


2ariale an# u can turn a +no to mo2e the #e2iation #iamon#s.

When u turn on the F5s "fli$ht #irectors% on the *C< "mo#e control panel% an# select <<"approach%. The <F will show V!4'C an# )S in the roll an# pitch section "the top sections ofthe <F are from left to ri$ht T"auto throttle%4!'' *E4<ITCH *E%.V!4'C is either a V! "VHF omni#irectional ran$e% or a localiser ecause it is also possile to#o a V! lan#in$. any lan#in$ without a $li#eslope is calle# a non-precision approach so a ,"non #irectional eacon or 5F5 "utomatic irection Fin#er%% approach& a ac+course approach ora V! approach are non-precision approaches.When the V!4'C an# the )4S are acti2e the localiser scale ecomes e@pan#e# for a more

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


5finetune#5 approach.

So far the instrument lan#in$. 'et5s ha2e a loo+ at the V! test. First I select the V! fre6uencythat we5ll e usin$.I select ;09.00

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n# I set the na2i$ation control panel into a V! mo#e y selectin$ the V! fre6uency.

The V! system is a #irection in#icatin$ system& the station sen#s out a Fre6uency *o#ulate# "F*%si$nal.The fre6uency is hi$hest when the #irectional eacon points #ue north.

The hi$hest fre6uency occurs at #ue north an# the lowest fre6uency occurs at #ue south.,ecause the stren$th of the si$nal rotates aroun# the V! station the stren$th of the si$nal recei2e#y the aircraft $oes from stron$est to wea+est also.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


If the aircraft was flyin$ /E EST of the V! station we woul# recei2e a si$nal that loo+e# li+ethis.

Here we see that the si$nal is recei2e# stron$est at the interme#iate fre6uency area "area etweenthe hi$hest fre6uency an# lowest fre6uency%. The V! recei2er follows the fre6uency chan$es an#

can i#entify this position as ein$ east.This what a V! $roun#station loo+s li+e.

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


I ha2e selecte# oth na2i$ation control panels to ;09.00 an# u can see that the "na2i$ation#isplay% now #isplays these V! fre6uencies.

lso u can see in that picture that the V! ra#ial is 0 or 3B0 #e$rees wich is what I52e set on the testset.

s u can see in this ne@t picture u can fine tune the si$nal 6uite a it from the 0 #e$rees. lso notethat the V! is also in#icate# on the !*I "ra#io ma$netic in#icator% to the ri$ht of the

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


"na2i$ation #isplay%.

n the testset is also this switch wich will put a ;0:0 Ht( test tone on the V! si$nal so that we cantest the au#io circuit of the recei2er.

So I select the na2i$ation au#io on the S< "au#io select panel%. fter this the tone shoul# e au#ile throu$h the coc+pit spea+ers when the testswitch is presse# onthe ramptester.

This is a mar+er eacon antenna. When the aircraft flies o2er a mar+er eacon transmitter& thisantenna will pic+ up the si$nal.When testin$ the *, system u shoul# rin$ the testset pretty close to this antenna to tri$$er the *,

7/24/2019 TC30 C Tester


in#ication.

/nfortunately there wasn5t a 838 ne@t $eneration a2ailale at the time I shot this picture so I use# a838 present $eneration.The present $eneration has three lamps in#icatin$ the mar+er eacon si$nals an# the ne@t$eneration has this info #isplaye# on the <F.

Here5s the outer mar+er in#icate# y usin$ the testset.

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The uter *ar+er normally i#entifies the Final pproach an# is locate# in line with the locali(er.

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e@t is the mi##le mar+er. wich is closer to the runway.

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n# then there is the airways mar+er wich is e2en closer to the runway.

tc30 c tester

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