taxonomy of the family trichogrammatidae (hymenoptera ... · n&jaraja (1971) and vlg3idni...

Taxonomy of the family Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera : Chalcidoidea)

DISSERTATION PRESENTED FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY

IN ZOOLOGY

OF THE ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY. ALIGARH

BY Mohammad Yousuf

DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY

ALIGARH August, 1984

DS547

f # A ^ ComV^ ^

r ^

C^-^'

Phiinn (Univftr^ify

D E P A R T M E N T O F Z O O L O G Y

ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY

" * * * ^ ALfGARH, U. P. (NDIA

.,..,., 202(K»| n,.f So. ^ F ) S - H S ^ t / S L ,

1 ' jro'.'oi.onY _ •, cc 1

This i t to e«zUfy that Mr. Mohd. Yousuf hat

conpXeted hit M»Phil* tNozk imdtr ny tupexvition on a

pzoblen antitlod "Taxonooy of the fanily Txichogranmatidaa

(HymanepteratChaleidoidaa)"* Thit i t an original

eontxtbution and alto a dittinet addition to the exitting

knowledge on the tubjeet* Being satisfied with the

quality «nd quantity of the wozk he i t pexmitted to

tubmit i t for the awartS of M«Phil* degree in Zoology

of the Aligaxh Mitlia Uhivertityt Aligazh.

(S« Adco Shafee) Leetuxert DeDartment of ZooJoov

CONTENTS

I . AGKt t.LEOGEAUJ Ti* , , . . i

I I . INTAJliUCTIUM 2

III, A iATuIvI/O. /iM) iVk:IfiJJ^ J.4

IV. F/ -ILY TiiLakXili/avk.w.IiJAh H^ IDAY 16

Key t o Indian genera of the family Trichogranmatidee 19

1. Genus Meaaphraaa^ Timbeiidke*. 22

Meaaohraoma lonaiciliatup^ bupba Kao 22

2 . Genus Aohelinoidea Giraul t 23

<^ > JIi4P9 tifii iP^tg,g ap> n 24

3 . Genus Paruscanoidea Gi rau l t . 26

Paiuscanoidea lona ic leva ta sp . n 27

4 . Genus Zme Giraul t 28

Zaaa angustipcnnis so . n 29

5 . Genus Heeckeliania Giraul t 30

H i ^ ^ * g g 4 4 ^ g fflfr.[rU<rtiifYf,t,a ^P* " î-

6- Cienus Peratrichoaranma Giraul t 32

Paratrichoqrarnm^ a i r a u l t f Hay at & ;jhuj a u d d i n . . . . 32

7 . Genus Use ana Gi rau l t . 34

y^ffm^ siMlffidU uôni) 34

6 . Genus ul iciosl ta v»alker ~y^

u l i a o s i t e a l iaarhens is SD. n 37

iiUi9î,M ^RMUyjfe sp . n 38

iiiU^9fi^l# aUjQiifc sp . n 40

11

AI»'^9%i,U j^mMilkf ap' < 41 yllcioslta sanoulnaa {airauit). 42

Ollaoslta mftgxuf n»ls so. n 44

94^vi9ffllf iftJiigfnfUfi sp. n 45

j l iaos l ta neohotetticaim Manl 47

idiaaatUaffiLL vigaiani 49 9. Genus Ollgosltoldes Doutt.• 49

Si>tAqof4 944y» ^?rf^J^g^l sp> n 50

S?U^9ft4M^?§ ^^4^Tf^l% sp. n 52

10. Genua ^BJW^yflBifl Nowlckl 54

^p^qffMmff Idi^ism Hayat 54 11. Genua Trlchoaraana waatwood 54

Trtffn99ffffmi ^f§g^lA^^ N^jar^Ja 55

Tf^ff^gqiifflig n^^^ Nagaraja 55

mffn99ff^f ffrtU<l4Yf"^ritl Nagaraja 56

Trtff 9qfffflfflf B4§ft8tYgn§4ff Nagaraja 56

XsiSimSmm.SSiiJk£St Ndcjarj a 56

l£4Sl22a£SSS£lfieI^<iagarAJa 56

Tdfff 'irffTBg secibwlldls (/^iriv.) 58

12. Genus TdchoaraanatQldea Glrault, 56

Trlchoiramaatoj^defi lODiaera Naaaraia 56

Mff g' rffifflfl f ^ gg !?gff ffi?ff N&9eraj a 59

W9^19qfflBBigt94<??ft i a U & Nagaraja 59

Trichoarapuaatoldea orabhakerL Maciarala 59

i l l

TrJchQarammatQidea ffgt^l^ft Naârîja 59

TnehQaranmatoidaa nana (Zehntner) 60

13, Jenus P^xoDoea Foerster, 60

.£2fiafi2Sfi JdOii&ft ^bba Rao 60

14. Genus Mfiufens Qlrault• • 61

.vi iufer^f ^franaiata Visjgiani & Hay at 63

&liuf«i> albiscjteilum Kh n & Shaf6« 63

Mxufen^ brfiViftinJciilata Khan 8. Shafoe 64

MliHifgnft lon-iicievata Khan d Shafee 64

S^JSdJmt 4gMJ^f^ni9tf^#tg ViJjlanl & Hayat 64

MiUuiSiHL fflg^f^ffAayg^g a n & Shaf ee 64

Miufens mamif^r^^ Vlggiani Si Hayat . . . . . 65

^'* ê"«» 8tflg^Y iyffifflg^rt4,g ^ r o u l t 65

^ff^9>^Y-iyffi?^?itl>fl î^^;i^9R»4? iân 65

arachvoraoBinatalla indica Vlggldni & Kay at 66

QrachvaraiKoaf 11a lonciiGlavata Khan 66

16. Genus Paracentrobia Howaid 66

Parecentrobia aaanlclavat^ so . n. 68

Paracentrobia loni ie lavata so . n 69

17. JtfHis NeocentiQbiella Girault> 71

i^^ffen^|9l^49îg 1ftrtJ?m9y SP» n 72

18. Genus ChaetostrJeha walker. 74

<lfh ^ 9 t|y ff ffi |^yt?|?r^yy sp. n 75

tfhffty^trtffr^g SBikagLU. < iani 78

V. HtFLi cNCtS , 79

Th« px«8dnt wxi ter i s g rea t ly indebted to

or* S. /vdon Shafee, Departoent of ^.oology, /di jaxh tVusli

Universi ty, Miga ih , for h i s most valuable guidance anci

supervision and for taking greet pains in c r i t i c c i l y ^oinq

throuQh the manuscript. He i s also thankful to

Prof. Hmab H. Khan, Chai^snan, Department of Z.oolo9y, ^'^^

providing necessary f a c i l i t i e s . Thanks are also due to

Council of i>cientific and Indus t r i a l Reseerch, New u c i h i ,

for providing f inancial ass is tance during the tenure of

t h i s work. Las t ly , he y.ishes to thoik Dr. M. iMayyar /jsirn.

Dr. Kajendra Kumar Avasthi, Ox* Mohansnad Karnll Usmani,

/<di8S beema Rizvi and iVdss Anis Fatma, for useful suggestions

and as&istanco.

•• 2 •

The ffffliiy gxuup naue Tricha^ramaini wcs f i r s t lojxjsed

by Haiiday i n uaiker ( iOS i j . Foers ter (1036) javc the faraiiy

name as Txichogranmatoidae, Thomson (1878) Jaaoted the

faui iy to the rank of t r i b e Trichograaimina and osi-ijnod i t

under the family pteroraalidoe*

Ashsnead (1904) reco3ni2ed TrichogrciDinidae as firsiiy ond

divided i t in to tvio subfsKniliesi Trichogramrsinoe and

J l i g o s i t i n a e , mainly besed on regular o r i r r e j u l a r srrf^rKjor.ent

of setae on disc of fore wings. According to him the faciily

i s re la ted to tulophidae connecting the l a t t e r t o s^jytscriiae.

Csirault (1912) adopted the faudly na.!© t s

Trichograoondtiddo and divided i t i n to two subfan^llies:

Trichogramnatinae and Chaetostr ichinae, based on curved and

uncurved condition of marginal vein. He fur ther divided the S

family Chaetostr ichinae in to two t r i b e s : Ghaetas t r ichini and

Lathroraerini on the bas is of presence o r absence of uiitonnai

funicle; and the subfanily Trichograromatinoe was divided into

tv.o tz lbes} TriLchograamatini and Propallni on the basis of

the shape of marginal vein .

Important cont r ibut ions on trichogranniOtid pars s i t e s

were made by e a r l i e r workers froia various re j ions of the world,

They ere as followst

- 3 -

J" Austral ian regjoni Carver (1978), Giraul t ( i912a, 1915a,

1915b, 1916b, 1922, 1938a, 1938b, 1938c), Ti l ly aid

(1926), and Vi^jianl (1976a).

^* fc:thiQDian reoJont Do Sant is (1969), uhesquiere (1946),

msbec (19S6a, 1956b), bchulten & Feljen (1978, 1982),

and Vigjlani (1971a, 1971b, 1973b).

3« Ncaretic raaioni Burks (1979), t r t l e & Davis (1975),

Giraul t (19 i6a) , oatman i P la tne r (1973), jatman jg^ ^ .

(1968, 1970, 1982). Packard (1881), t ' into £ t ^ . (1978),

P la tne r and uatcoan (1981), Timberlake (1923), jnd

Viggiani ( i981b) .

^» Neotropical regJoni Srethes (1914), De ban t i s (1970, 1972),

Nagaraja d Negarkatti (1973a), Torre (1980a, 1980b) and

Vigjiani (1981 a ) .

5 . Oriental rcoiont Beeson (1941), deeson a. Chattezdi (1939),

Gherlan d. Mar^abandhu (1949), Hay at (1980, 1931),

.'lay at S. bhujauddin (1980), Hay at <i Hus^ain (19ti l) ,

Hayat & Viggioni (1981), Jonathan 4 Julka (1975),

Ju lka (1970), Khan (1975, 1976), Khan i ohafee (1977),

Mani (1935a, 1935b, 1939), Menjunath (197^), Magaraja

(1973, 1978), Ne3arfi(ja d Nagarkatti (1969), ka j a rka t t i

(19T2, 1974), Pajni d Singh (1973), ^ b b a iiao (1969a,

. 4 *

i969b, i974) , Vigjiani (1982), îqîani i Hayat (1974).

Viijjiani 8, aibba Hao (1978) and Yasumatsu ^ i j^ . (1975).

6 , Paleaxct ic yeaioyit Ashraead (19Q4b), askkondorf (1934),

aiood & Kryger (1928), 3oucek (1978), Jeaajcho (1942),

iX>utt (1961), lilXinger 4 âchtlenben (1929), iiiroso

(1963), Itoshniut S. fvârtinek (1962), I s h i i (1941),

Matsuraura (1925), Nikol*5kaya (1932), isowicki U934,

1935, 1936, 1940), Pang a Chen (1974), Veck ^ ^ .

(1964; , Sheng (1965), Vigyiani (1969e, 1973a, 1974, 1976c;,

Voovgele (1982), Voegele & liisso (1981) and Vashiro

(1979, 1980).

Ntgarkat t i Ik Nagarâ (1968, 1977), iHiajoaâtti ;. Fazluddin

(1973), Oatman 8. P l a ine r (1973) and Vigjiani (1983b) made som©

important contr ibut ions on the biosysteiaatic of Tricho jramnatid

p a r a s i t e s . Importance of a en i t a l i c characters in the

c l a s s i f i c a t i o n of Trichograntaatidae has bhovm by Wajcrakatti S.

N&jaraja (1971) and Vlg3idni (197 ic ) .

Altogether 124 genieric natii©s were proposed under the

family Trichoyraoraatidae, of v\.hich only 73 narnes ere recognized

as val id (Tebl© 1 ) , 7 cjontra are costnopoliton in d i c t r ibu t ion ;

36 genera frcxa Australiafi, 19 genera fr:»a Ethiopian, dO genera

from Nearct ic , 26 froea iêotiopical, 24 genera from oricrrtai and

32 genera from Pa lea rc t i e region have i>een repor ted.

- 5 -

Mtotjether 24 cjenera have been reported fioni i n i i a

including six genera \ft.hich are of f i r s t record end ere

indicated by a s t e r i s k . The XfKJisn genera are ag foliowsj

*i^^2SUS2iUM ^ i r e u i t , ^fffff^g^fflpf^t^jfl a i r a a i t ,

gfiaetoQrama Doutt, 9?l^<l^9f\i;1^9^l ^^îker, fe&9lj^q9?4\ij^ J i r a u l t .

*âeckelienia Gi r su l t , HavaUa V i j j i a n i , t ^P Ifffa y ffly jj

u l r a u l t , Mooaphraama Tiisberlake, Mirufens G i r a j l t ,

Ii99<renty9bê;^fi Giraalt» ^lAq^fJl,^,^ vâlker, *^tJ^vi9fUfft<lf§

Doutt, *ParacentiQbla Howaid. ParatrJchoaramma Girat i l t .

*iMiSSMîJk^M. J i r a u l t , ^g^mn Foers ter , ProstCwichia

Lubbock* Proso l i aos i t a Hay at & HusCain, Tricho-«rci:.x.a estv»ood,

,Mg^9siyfflyPi^^l.Sf9,.ft J i r a u l t , JiMSOJI Gi rau l t , XiDhQaraEDu.a . m i c k i ,

Z.aaa ^ i r a i i t .

Check-l is t of genera of Trichograanatidoe along with

d i s t r i b u t i o n a l data of genera in six zoojeographical regions

of the world i s given in t a b l e i . Brief diagnosis of the

family Trichograamatidae and key to Indian genora are j iven.

Keys to Indian species wherever neces&ary ere also given,

/vll the Indian species have been included to mcke the ^ôrk

ccMsplete, however* some of then have not been exanuned. x>{ne

of the Indiesx genera are represented by s ingle spec ies . The

charac te rs included in generic and specif ic keys ore-

suf f ic ien t fo r Iden t i f i ca t ion of spec ies . Therefore, the known

species have not been redescr ibed.

<. 6 -

Generic synonymy i s quoted. Authors who synonyrriisGd

the genora are ci t«d in brackets a f t e r authors of genera.

TesninoXogy of the morphological charac ters used in the

present work i s the same as i n Aiao (1956, 1957) ( f i ^ s . 1»^) .

The d i s s e r t a t i o n contains 48 species representing l8

genera of the family Tiichogranaatidae. 6 genera have bct-n

reported for the f i r s t t ime. 16 species are nev. to science

which are described and i l l u s t r a t e d . The d i s s e r t a t i o n i s

supported by 39 i l l u s t r a t i o n s arranged in Ix p l o t e s . The

p l a t e s are inser ted in t he t e x t a t appropriate p laces . For

the sake of convenience and also to r e s t r i c t the number of

pages to the required number the le jends are typec on the

back of the pages.

The present work i s the f i r s t consolidated viork and

d i s t i n c t addition to the exis t ing knowledge on Indian

Tri ehog ranm at id ae.

Material studied by the author i s deposited in /-oological

Museum, Aligazh Muslim Universi ty, Aligazh, Ind ia .

- 7 -

Table 1

Check l i s t of vjenera of Trlcho.jraoMBatidae aioncj • i t h J i s t r i b u -

t lona l data of jenera in eix soogeocjraf^iicel roj ians of the

v.K>rld.

«^ O o .H -^ +i ^ ^ .rl O. ^ O M O P N G

3 + ' a> ii M o -2 li :z - ••:> i .

i . /dJbdloides Brethes, 1928. x

2 . Aphelirwidea Gi rau l t , 1911. x x x x

^y"» oiaclava Blood S. KxY9er,1928.

Lncvrtoararpsie Do bantl8,1957.

KrvaerlQla Howicki, 1934.

Lathioroeroid^B J i ra t j l t ,191d.

Lft"^ggHgn494,g Novdcki, 1946.

Tanvaragaa De l»antis, 1937.

3 . /^pseudojracQtna vi irault , 1915. x

4 . Asynacta Foerster , 1856. x

5 . / ^ s t r a lu fens Gi rau l t , 1935. x

6 . Blood!ell a >40wlcici, 1935. x x x

7 . Brachista vvaiker, 1851. x

i»yn. iirachvsticha Focrster , 1856.

a rac lws t r i e Mayr, 1904.

a i a o t o s t r i c h e l l f Glraul t ,1914.

• 8 «•

-^ U

•M (0 rs

§

o • H - i :

-4

o H rs. a

+i " ::i

•H "3 t? O .,.i ->

O • H «.}

•u ;-l

_< fvh

•J

8. Brachyla Strand, 1926.(new naoe x

for Brechvaraacie Girault,

preoccupiodi).

9 . Brachyufens Vigjiani, 1960. x

10. Brachygracsadtella Gira i l t , 1915. x x

^yn. j^gy^dby^^yqrMifl a i r a u l t , i 9 i 5 .

i i . CGratogramma Pe Santis, 1957. x x

12. GhoGtograaiQa Doutt, i.974. x x

13. Chaetoetrichd ivalkcr, 1851. x x x x x x

Syn. JentXDbia Foerster, 1856.

9^fl^l9t^4fAi^ Girault. 1912.

^Mi^\V^^l^ Girault, 1938.

14. iJoircJ)ia ^.dte:rBton, 1928. x

15. bpoligosita Gi ra i l t , 19l6.(new natne x x x

^^^ PaiQlijQ&ita Girault 8. Dodd,

preoccupied).

16. Lteroligoeita Vigoiani, 1976. x

17. Giraultiola ^iowicki, 1936. x

^yn» Giraultia Steffan, 1954.

18. Haeckeliania Girault, 1912. x x

«• 9 <•>

g ^

9 t

u •H -»J y H • ^

• w >

•H a O M V O 2;

u • H «9 o - H tH >> ^ ^H -H 3, tJ p ^ O, -»J .0 +» M M O P * C "i 4 * " H H V O <a 3 +» : J; M 1?

19. Hayatifi Viggiani, 1982. x

20. iaspidophila Vigjiani, 1968. x x

21 . Hydiophyllta Ghesqalere» 1945. (new x x

naue for HvdiQphvlax Matheson 8.

Cxosby, preoccupicid).

22 . Japan!a Girault, 1911. x

i>yn. Parufenft Girault, 1913.

23. Lathiogranxna De mantle, 1952. x

2 4 . Lathromerls Foerster, 1856. x x x x

byn. Garouelia Hisbect 1956.

JifltnigafigfiAlft Girault, 1912.

25. Lathnxneroidea Girault, 1912. x x x

^"* Cantrobiopsis Girault, 1918.

26. Lathromeromyia Glreult, 1914. x x x x

27. Meg^hragma limberLaka, 1923. x x x x

^y^* t^ethoslallf Kryger, 1934.

28 . MirjfeNns Girault, 1915. x x

i>yn. Trachocera aiood & Kryger, 1928.

29 . Monorthochaeta Blood, 1923. x

^yn* ^^northochaet^ Blood &

Kryger, 1926.

- iO -

•H M 5.. ^ y M o p a) JZ '-J

-^ \J

«J • ' )

0 •r

+s C 'J

•H M 5

d

33. Neobrachista J i r a u l t , 1912. x

31« Neobrachistel la ot l raul t , 1912. x

32. .^jeocsntzobia Giroul t , 1912. x

33 . Neoc@ntxobiQlla 3 1 r « i l t , 1915. x x

34. Neolathxomera I s h i l , 1934. x

35. J l i90&itd ivalker, 1851. x x x x x x

Syn, Parol lQosi ta Kurdjumov, 1911.

f'?ftf<^9Uq9§4^§ Gi rau l t , 1913.

Weetwoodella Ashraead, 1904.

^oypntQ ly^ry^i 4.11 ves tx i , 1915.

36. J i i g o s i t o i d e s Doutt, 1968. x K x

37. Ophionajzus I^tzebuzg, 1852. x x

^y" ' ^ toog vi ireul t , 193Q.

38 . Paracentiobia Howaxd, 1097. x x x x x x

^yn* ^^gJi^ Gi rau l t , 1911.

Abell iscf Ghesquit™'© 1945.

Brach i s t e i l ^ Gi rau l t , 1 9 U .

I t t v s Gi rau i t . 1 9 U .

Jas&idQDhthor^ i>6rkins, 1912.

39. P a r a i t t y s Vijgiani , 1972, x

- u -

c o •') •H -H a fO p a +» p v ~)

M O P ^ " • ^ ,H W ^ o « ,C 3 O d -ij 3 +» O 6 ^ ni

- ^ ^ - 4 c^., V -'-»

43 , P a r e t r i c h o g r a ^ a Gi rau l t , 1912. x x x

4 1 . Paxuscanoldea GirauXt, 1915. x x

42 . Poropoea Foers ter , 1851. x x x

Syn. ^9ff?P9f9l;*y? I^wicki, 1936.

43 . Prestwichie Lubbock, 1863. x x x

^yn* /^Jsttooiicroi^ Ti l ly aid, 1926.

44. Pxobrachista ViqqLevni, 196B. x

4 5 . i'lODolicjosita Hayat is. tiu6Cain,1981. x

46 . Pseudobrachysticha Gi rau l t , 1915. x

47 . Pseudogramriina uhefiquiere, 1943.(ne» x

naniO for Psoudoaramffia Gi rau l t ,

preoccupied).

48 . Pseudoxenufens Vaahimoto, 1976. x

49. Ptorandrophysails iX>wicki, 1935. x

53 . Ptorygogramaa Perkins , 1906. x

5 1 . So ik ie l l a Nowicki, 1934. x

52. szelenyia ^4ov^icki, 1940. x

53 . Thoreauia Gi rau l t , 1916. x

^y"» Austrobelia Gi rau l t , 1923.

/>yS^TOi??Jiifi Gi rau l t , 1928.

T^0Pyg9y4fflfi ^^irault, 1920.

- 1 2 -

C U -H

.-4 "H ^ a. « p JO a •» p •* M >< o p M c J • I *< H +» O ^ 3 •» O 5 M O < -u :^ ^ T i.

34. Txichogrooma vêstwood, 1833. x x x x x x

^yn* ifipxobosca tvestwoodt 1879*

tfî^PWtft Hallday, 1833.

Heotiichoaramtaa Îrajlt, 19 i i *

jQDhthore /o j i lv i l lus , 1897.

Pentarthipn Packerd, 1872,

Trlchoorammatan^ Glrault,1933.

Xanthoatomus Ashmead, 1904.

55. TrlchogrananatGlla Girault, 1911. x

^yn. Jscanaarammatella ulrdult ,1911.

56. Trlchograoniatoidea Girault, 1911. x x x x

57* Trlchogranmatoroyia J i r ^ l t , 1916. x x

58. Tuinidiclava Girault, 1911. x x x x

^y^* '•^rthonaura 31ood, 19^8. (naw

name for urthQnûr£| Blood,

preoceupiod).

urthoneureila aiood S. Kryger,

1929.

59. T(juaidifai}ur Girault, 1911* x

60. Jfens Girault, 1911. x x x x x x

- 13 -

•H

-^ U •» (0

a o

a

u •H •P

a -*

O •H

P ^ •P O O ^

% *»

d • - >

•H V ^ ''^

•^

Syn. yrantanpa Girauilt, 1939*

^Nf9ff?ntffy^4f Blood, 1923.

Ncocentrobia lUood a, Kryger,

1928.

Uisagii a i r a i l t , 1913.

61* Jxogrannia Glrault , 1920,

62. jscona o l rau l t , 1911.

Syn. Qruchoctoms Grese* 1923

63. Jscaneila Girault, 1911.

64. Usconoidea Giraj l t , 1911*

65. Jscanopsie Girault, 1916.

66. Xenufens Girault, 1916.

67. Xenufensia Girault, 1938.

68. Xiphogramiia iôwickl, 1940.

69. a<3a Girault, 1911.

70. âôlla Girault, 1918.

byn. Burksiella D« Santis, 1957.

X

X

X

X

X

X

• i 4 -

H I . M/iTuiilM. /OU ..iiiTHoDis

Plant pa r t s infes ted with ©33s of insec t vere cut into

sciall pieces and put in rearing j a r s (4 ' 'x2") . The opon end

of the j a r s were covered v.ith paper held with rubber bends.

A complete record indica t ing the reference numbor, l o c a l i t y ,

date of co l l ec t ion , nane of host plant and narae of host

i n sec t v.es also raaintained. The co l lec t ionc VvGrc ex^rrdned

dai ly for the eRiorjed p a r a s i t e s . The ocnerged pa ra s i t e s Vver©

preserved in dO/it alcohol in ^ lass v i o l s . The preserved

specimens v.ere separated upto specif ic level under the

binocular with the help of fine needles . Goli-ction& v.cre

also made by sweeping the ve je ta t ion i n th© f i e ld .

The peiiiianent s l ides v.ero prepared to enable i c t a i l

study of important s t ruc tu res of the p a r a s i t e s . The normal

process of dehydration v.es adopted and c l e e r i n j v.c;s ione in

clove o i l . The specimens were dicsected in clove o i l fi^cdiurs.

The dissected pa r t s were placed on a micro-s l ide in vi lop of

Canada balsats and oriented to the rec^ired pos i t ion . The

s l i des were allovt^ed to dry for some t ime. Tliis v»o!:, foilov.ed

by aiding required quanti ty of Canada oaisam to the s l i des

and cover s l i p s were placed. The s l i des vvere put in thennostat

for f ive to six days to rriake than completely dry.

- 15 -

Drawing of important s t ruc tu res v\er« made VA,ith the

help of camera luc ida . Measurenent» of whole i n sec t s were

made \-dth the help of an o o i l a r inicxtxneter.

- 16 -

J iagnosis i Body extremely staall, usually les6 than i saci.

in length; antennae short , 4 to O-seginentod, funic!c j sua l ly

present , rarely absentj mesoscatum with d i s t i n c t parapsidal

furrows; fore wings narrow o r broerf, disc sparsely or densely

se tose , se tae usually arranged in rows; snar^inol vein usually

long, postmaxginal vein rudimentary o r absent, s t i j n c i vein

usually well developed, rare ly rudiaentary; l e j s with t a r s i

3-6et3roented; p a r a s i t i c on ejgs of other inaec to .

The family Trichograniaatidae i s knowti to contain <:4 joncre

from Indie , s ix genera: ghaetoaraaKn^. bpoli i o s i t e . i iavatia.

Lathrocieromvie. f-r?ff%4yh4g ^ ^ I^W^VU-ig§4^.g. ^ ' ^ duoious

and are omitted fiom the key.

17

Marginal fringe

Fore wirij

Antenna

_Frontovertex

--Median ocellus

_.Eye Lateral ocellus

Pro no turn

—Mesoscutum

ParaPsis

Axilla

-Scute Hum

-Metanotum

proPodeum

•^.esoPostPhra^Ta

Abdomen

.ercu-

— OV;P0Sit0r

r '1 "! .r-AfiiJ m£.l^VJUSCl^^

- 18 -

FVst«rior articufar knob . - L

Anttro dorsal articular knob

First valvifpr

Second v«lvlf«r

—Dornl rW4«

Outer plat*

0-l5mm

Female external genitalia

Cettal cell SubmarAinal vein

Premanilnal vein

Marginal vein

Post marginal vein Stigmal vein

Padial sector

Ifetinaculum

Radial Process

basal vein track

bullae

Radial lector ?

r-m cross vein track

Marginal fringe

Median vein track

First branch of cubital vein track

Second branch of cubital vein track

Anal vein track

Fore wing of generalized Trichojratnmatid

Fig . 2 .

- 19 -

Key to Indian genera of the faul ly Trichogranraatidaet

based on females

1. 3ody noxtaal, never dorso-ventra l ly f la t tened; fore v.injs

never very narrow, usually increas ing in v.ldth from

apex of ve ina t ion , , 2

^ 3ody dorso-ventra l ly f la t tened; foro winjs very ncrrow,

marginal fr lng* very lontj; antennae with s ingle r ing ,

s ingle funicle and 2-.sejBented club; body s n a i l ,

J .18 cam. to J .25 inm. in length

, • 1 . MeQephraacta Timberlake, 1923

2 . Funicle absent . . • 3

^ Funicle present 6

3 . Fore wincjs v.ith disc sparsely setose o r oetae aricrKged

in rov»s... • . • • • . * . . •

^ Fore v.ings with disc densely se tose ; veinat ion short ,

confined to basal one- th i rd , s t i jmel vein rjdiDentary,

2 . Aphelinoidea J i r o a l t . 1911

4 . /antennae with club 4 o r 5-segniented; fore v.inos vdth

d isca l setae arrar^ged in several rows, H , present b

^ Antennae with club 3-seyraented; fore v.ings vdth jiL,cai

setae arranged in fevv rows, H . absent

3 . it-aruscanoidea Girault .1915

5 . /iitennae without th ick spines; ov ipos i to r oxserted

4 . -uaoa i i r o j i t , 1911

. 20 -

^ Antennae '^.ith thick spines; ov ipos i to r hidden

5 . Haeckeiiania i i r a u l t . 19i2

6 . Antennae with f u n i d e i-cejiaented, • 7

^ Antennae vdth funicie 2-.seênt©d JJD

7 . Fore wings with marginal vein much short , shor te r than

costa l c e l l . , • . . . 8

^ Fore win<3S with tnarjinai vein rauch long, usas i iy lon je r

than costal c e l l . . . . . • 9

8. Antennae v.ith club l-se^tnented, obl ig je ly t r j : .ca ted;

fore wings with stigmal vein rudimentary

6. yaratrichoaraiinia Jirault. 1912

^ Antennae with club 3->se>:}mented, norraai; fore uir^js

with sti jmal vein lon^ 7 . J scan a oirîui t . 1911

9 . Fore vdajs vdth vein t reck H , absent; ov ipos i to r h i j e en . .

G. vU-l9frl^# -.aikor, 1851

_ Fore vîngs with vein t rack H . present ; ov ipos i tor niuch

exserted 9 . ^)ni<i9î%9M& ->outt, 1968

10. Antennae with club l-s^jmented * 11

^ Antennae with club 2 o r 3-seginented 13

1 1 . Ovipositor hidden; fore wings with discal sotoe arranged

in rows; stic^mal vein long 12

^ ov ipos i to r much exsertedi fore wings with i i s c densely

se tose , stig.Tial V€fin rudimentary

• • • • • . . • 10, Xiohocsratniat iiowicki, 1940

21 o

i 2 . Vein t rack H ^ present; male club i-se^jmented.

JUL. Trichoaraxia ..Gstwo^d, 1833

Vein t reck K , absent; tnsie ciub S-sograonted

12. TrichogramiatQidea J i r a j l t . 1911

13 . Fore win^s v^ith marginal vein shor te r than sti^rnal

vein. 14

^ Fore v.injs with marjinal vein much ianycr than tijtr.ol

vein 15

14. Fore v.iaje v.ith presriarginal and raarjinai voins

continaous • . . 1 3 . ^oropoea Focrctor, 1851

^ Fore winjs with pranar j inal and mar^jinai voins

d i s t i n c t l y separated by a oreak.

^^- <.4ffyf,9P& U r a j i t , 1915

15. Marginal vein t h in , not so densely setose 16

^ Marginal vein th ick , densely setose

. . . . . * 15, 3rachvaraBgaatolla .>iraj l t . 1915

16 • ov ipos i to r much exserted 17

^ ov ipos i to r hidden. 16. f a r ac e nt ro bi s r 'Ov- a id. Ib97

17. Antennae with f i r s t fanicie segment ionjor than necond,

club auch elonjdted, bearing lonq ha i r s

17. f»eocentrjQiella '^ i ruul t . 1915

^ Antennae with f i r s t funicle sejcjent ciuch shor te r than

second, club short , ocar inj s>i:all he i r s

18. Chaetostrieha -.olker, 1351

•" 2.2. ••

! • Genuis Meaaohraîma Timber! ake

MeaaphraaiDa Tiraberiake, 1923 i 412.

Type-8pecie8i Meaaphracgaa myaripenne Timberlake, oy monotypy

;>ethosiella Kxyger, 1932 : 3Q.

Typ0-species» i>ethosi©lla p r i e sne r i Kryger, by moiwtypy,

CewnHTientsj Th© -jerjus meâohraoma i s characterized for

having do rso-vent r a l l y f la t tened body; antennae v.ith

l-8«*jpient6d fanic ic at\d 2-s@3mented club; fore win js norraw

v i th d isca l setae arranged i n s ingle row, marginal f r in je

very long.

Doutt and Vi j j i an i (1968) s ta ted "The jemis i s ?|uite

d i s t i n c t both morpholojicaliy and b io log ica l ly , i t i s not

c l ea r ly ^slated to any o ther genus, but the entonnee end

vdngs have features t h a t s a j j e s t e deprivation from th t same

stock tha t gave r i s e to the J l i a o s i t f complex of genera.

Meciaphraoma lonaicl l ia tuta iMbba Uao, 1969 a t 114.

fôstt F rank l in ie l l a ; i l l v o r a (ThiysanoptereiThripidde)

iJ is t r ibut iont INDIA { Bangalore.

- 23 -

2 . sienus ADhelinoldee Glraul t

Aphelinoidca G i r su l t . i 9 i i e x 2.

Type-specle«} Aphelinoidea ^?(?4fM?UP9^4,^ .:<irault

by raonotypy.

Lathipmeroidos G i r a i l t . i9J.3 : 2 U (Doutt d îy i a n i , i 9 6 8 ! 527).

Type-speciesi Lathjcocaeioidas lonaicorpus i i r a u i t , by monotypy.

Diacleva aiood and Kryyer, 1920: 213 (Doutt d Vij . i an i ,

19681 527).

typG-speciesj fîacisva waterhoasel Blood ^ i;ryjer, oy ;noi>otypy,

Krvaeriola isiovkicki, 1934 t 3 .

Type-speciesi Krvie i io ia dolichoptera >>iowicki. oy manotypy.

Thalcsanna i l r a u l t . 1938a t 80 ( i ^ u t t a / i j j i a n i , 1966 : 527).

Type-spGCiesi Thalesannf^ niariocalafi vi i raul t . by monotypy.

LGnaerkeniol^ Nowicki. 1946 : 45 ( J o u t t i \/i j j i a n i , 196B : 527).

Type-&peclest Lenaerkeniola bischoff i riov\icki, by rrjonotypy.

LncvrtQQraaaa De ban t i s , 1957 t 33 ( Jou t t a. Vij ] idni , 1968: 527).

Type-speciest bncvrtoaraffina habrof Je i>antis, by monotypy.

•fanvdrapgia De bent i«, 1957 t 38 (Doutt d Vigjiani , i96fc; : 527).

Type-speciesj Tanvaraama xjphias Je ^ a n t i s , oy monotypy.

Corainentsi The geroje Aidêlinoldea J i r ^ j i t i s characterized

for having antennae witliout funic le , 2-3 s&:}a©ntod club; fore

wings densely setose v.ith short veinat ion.

The genus Aphelirtoide^ i s reported for the f i r s t tinie frosn

- 24 -

Ind ia . In the present study one new species ijl\, indie a sp. n . j

i s proposed which i s re la ted to A. xiohias (Do c^antiaj, ijut

d i f f e r s from tha t species in having antennae vdth pedicel

s l i gh t ly l e s s then twice as long as wide, a-segniGnted c lub,

/phel inoidea indiea sp. n.

(F igs . 3 /WB)

Head yellowish, &lijht ly longer than wide in faci<2i view;

o c e l l i arranged in obtuse triai>jle{ eyes dark; nialor space

shor te r than eye width, /^tennae ( f i g . 3A) yellowish brown;

scape c y l i n d r i c a l , s l i gh t ly more than th ree times as long as

wide; pedicel s l i gh t ly l e s s than twice as long as wide; single

ring segment present ; funicle absent; club 3->5e<gmented,

s l i g h t l y l e s s than t h r ee times as long as wide, apicol segment

longes t .

Thorax yellowish brown. Fore wings ( f i g . 3B) hyaline

except area beneath vtCnation infuscatod; two and a half times

as long as wide, outer raargin broadly rounded; disc densely

setose except infuecated area which i s bare; costa l c e l l

narrow; veCnation short ; suboarginal vein s l i gh t l y longer than

marginal vein, post ia.rginal vein absent, st i jmei vein

rudimentary; marginal fr inge shor t , about-one-fif th the wing

width. Legs yel lowish.

- 25 -

Fig. 3 .

- 26 -

;*bd(ên brovsm, s l i gh t ly longer than thorax; ov ipos i to r

s l i g h t l y exsezted, eri&ing ixom base of aOdotninal vent o r .

Body length i 0.43 mm,

liolotype j« l iÎA : Madhya Pradesh, Gwallor, 5.xi . j .983,

col lected by sweeping. (^ . Yousuf).

3 . Genus Paruscanoidea G l r a j l t

Paruscanoidea Gi rau l t . i9 i5b t 152.

Type-speciesi Paruscanoidea <^cken>^ Gi rau l t , by monotypy.

Commentsi The genus Paruscanoidea Giraul t i s characterized

for having antennae \/îthout funic le , 3-segniented club; fore

wings nearly devoid of di&cal se t ae .

The genus i s reported for the f i r s t time from India . The

species g» indice Mani (1939) which was described from India ,

does not belong to t h i s genus.

£• lonaic lavata sp. n, i s c losely re la ted to ^ . dickensi

G i r au l t . The two species are separated by the following key

charac ters !

1 . /vntennae with club shor t , tv.lce as long as ividc; ( Jou t t

& Vi j j i an i , 19684 f i g . 4 7 A ) ; fore vs,ings broad, ies& than

three times as lon j as wide, d isc with fev; se tae ,

- 27 -

GQarginal fr inge one-thixd of wln^ width (Doutt o.

V i j j i an i , 19681 f ig . A7B), g, (jfickensi - . irault

^ Anterma« with ciul>>long» more than four times as

long 38 wide (f ig* 4E); fore winge narrow, three times

08 long as wide* disc vvith more se tae , marginal fringe

as long as wing width ( f i g . 4F),,,,^, lona ic lava te sp. n.

tifi^§ffW?^^?f J^^Pl^fti^ptj sp . n.

(F ig . 4 E-F)

Head yellowish; eyes dark. Antennae ( f ig* 4L) yellowish

orown; scape c y l i n d r i c a l , three and a half times GS loncj as

wide} pedicel s l i j h t l y l e s s than two tiroes as long as wide;

s ingle ring segment present; funicle abswit; club l o n j ,

3i»se<;;)inentedt s l igh t ly more than four times as lonj as wide.

Thorax yel lowish. Fore wings ( f i g . 4F) hyaline except a

patch beneath s t i ^^a l vein infuseated; about th ree times as

long as wide, ou te r tnarvjin rounded; apical half of disc vvith

se tae arranged in rows; cos ta l c e l l narrow, s l i gh t ly shor te r

than marginal veini postmcrginal vein absent; sti^niol vein

well developed, longer than precnarginal vein; marginal fringe

very long, as long as wing width. Legs yellowish.

- 28 -

Abdocnen yeiiovirish bxowi, longer than thorax; ov ipos i to r

hidden, ojdsing fzoui base of abdcxninai venter .

Body i e n j t h t 0,3Q ran.

Holotype Q. INDlAi Ut ta r Pradesh, jviorodabad, 22.xi .1983,

col lec ted by sMeeping (M. Vou&uf).

4 . Genus Z.aqa u i r a a l t

^aoa Giraui t . i 9 i i a t 3J.

Type-sped est Z.^a l e t i o e n n i s G i r au i t . by cnonotypy.

Cotsmentst The genus d i f f e r s from o ther genera of

Trichogrammatidae in having antennae without funic le , fore

wings with d isca l se tae arranged in rovkis. The jenus iu known

to contain two species including one new spec ies . The two

species are separated by the follovving key charac te rs i

i . s t Fore wings (Ooutt and V i j j i a n i , i968i f i g . 52B)

broad, twice as long as wide; mciginai vein about as

long as premorginal vein; roarginai fr inge very short ,

l e s s than one-tenth of v.in^ u id th ; antennae with

pedicel one and a half times as long as wide, club

4-se9mented 4 . l a t i o e n n i s J i r a u l t

^ ut Fore wings ( f i g . 4D) moderately narrow, s l i j h t i y

l e s s than th ree times as lon j as wide; murjinal vein

- 29 -

much X^)g«r then prsiaaxginal v«in; raaxînal fzinje

long, one-fourth of wlivj width; antennae with pedicel

two times as Xon9 as wide* club 5-segmented,. . . . . <

• •'••. ^. anaastioennis so. n.

(F ig . 4 CD)

Head yeiiovîeh bxown; eyes daz^} malar space s l i i h t l y

shorter than eye width. Antennae ( f i g . 4C) yellovdsh brown,

inserted at lower leve l of eyesj scape gently narrowing

apicallyt three and a half times as long as vdde; pedicel

twice as long as wide; s ingle ring segoent dist inct{

f u n i d e ^sent{ club 5->segmented, three times as long as

wide.

Thorax dark brown, sparsely setose . Fore vîngs ( f i g . ^ )

hyaline, s l ight ly l e s s than three times as long as wide; disc

with setae arranged in rows; costal c e l l narrow, loajer than

marginal vein; marginal vein much longer than s t i jmal and

premazginal veins separately; postmarginal vein rudLiientary;

marginal fringe long, one-fourth of wing width; l egs

yellowish brown; hind coxae much longer than fore and middle

coxae.

• 30 •

ibdomen yellowish brovan, d i s t inc t ly Icxiger than thorax;

ovipositor s l ight ly exsertedt arising fxoia base of abdominal

venter.

Body length t 0.52 mrn.

Holotype ^« JMUlAt Utter Pradesh, Migarh, iu .x . i983 ,

col lected by sweeping* (^. XslHSiii)*

5. Qenus HaygKyUflPi fi îrault

Haeckeliania Gireult. i9i2a i 97 .

Type-speciesj H fifiKfAliff J ^l»t9K^^ Girault, by monotypy.

Coinnentss The genas Haeckeliania i s characterized for

having antttrmae vîthout funicle, ccxnplex d-seôionted club

bearing thick spines; fore wings \îth discal setae arranged

in l i n e s , R . present.

The g©nus i s reported for the f i r s t time flora XnUa. I t

i s known to contain three species including one n&ti species*

A key for the ir separation i s given belowt

Key to species of Haeckeliania Girault, b ised on females

1, Fore v%in«js tiwce or taore as long as Vkide; mc rginal

vein longer than pre<-iaarginal and stignal veins

separately. •• • , :

- 31 -

^ Fore wings broadf one and a half times as lono cs vdde;

inarginal vein shor te r than preinarginal and sti^jQai

voins s e p a r a t e l y . • • . . . . . • |1 . t aoina i i r a u l t

2 , Fore wings with marginal fr inge &hort« l e s s than

one^tenth of wing vvidth (Doutt & Vicjjiani, 1968:

f i g . IQC). . , H* haeckeli, J i r a u l t

^ Fore tvings with marginal fr inge long, s l i g h t l y more

t h« i one-fourth of wing Viiidth ( f i g . 4B)

• • . • . . . . . • . . « . . • . . . * . * . * » • . . . . • * . . . II. CTajniclavata su.n.

Haeckeliania maaniclavat^ sp . n.

(F ig . 4 A-B)

Head yellowish brown) eyes dark red. Anterv^ae ( f i j . 4A)

ye l iowi^S scape about tour tiroes as long as v^ide; p&dicel one

and a half t i a e s as long as wide; s ingle rii^g sejmont di&tinct;

f u n i d e absent; club very long, 5»segn)ented, as long as &cape,

pedicel and ring segnients toge ther , segments with long h a i r s .

Thorax yellowish brown. Fore vdngs ( f i g . 4B) hyal ine ,

s l i gh t ly more than Xw> t imes as long as wide; veins Intuscated;

cos ta l c e l l narrow; marginal vein longer than stijir.al and

premarjinal veins separate ly; postraarginal vein ixidimontary;

stigfnel vein as long as prtsmarginal vein; marginal fringe long,

s l i gh t ly ©ore than one-fourth of wing width; d isca l setae

• 32 •

arranged in xow«j vein track R^ present . Fore legs yellowish

blown; middle and hind l egs with coxae, t rochan te r and femore

dark, t i b i a e and t a r s i yellow.

Abdomen dark bro\Mi, s l i gh t l y longer than thorax; ov ipos i to r

hidden, a r i s ing from basal one- th i rd of abdcxninal venter .

Body length i 0.4 nim.

Holotype (J. INDIA; Ut t a r Pradesh, Chandausi, 25 .x i .1983,

by sweeping, {||. X2iiait)*

6. Genus Paratrjchoaramaa Gi raa l t

Type-speciest Paratrjehoaramaa Cinderel la G i r au l t . by

or ig ina l designat ion.

Coiamentsi The genus Parstrjchoaraeaffia Gi rau i t i s related to

TrichoarasMna v.estwood, but d i f f e r s from the t jenus in having

l-ssgmented funicle and fore wings with rudimentary stimuli

vein,

ParatrichoargQiaa g i rau i t^ Hay at 8. i^huj Duddin

Paratiichoaraduiia airai j l t^ Hay at 5. Oiujauddin. 1980 j 199.

^ost j AcrocecoDS or thos tacs ( L e p i d o p t e r a t J r e c i i i a r i i d a e ; .

Dis t r ibut ion i liiDIA.

- 33 -

Fig. 4 .

• 34 -

7. Genus Jscana Girauit

Use ana Glrault, i 9 U a t 2 2 ^ 3 .

Type-8p«cie»i iifififiag. semlfumlocnnis Girauit, by manotypy.

aruehoetonus Gx«s«, i92o : i i 7 .

T/pe-speeieti atuchoctonu^ aenax Gresa, by laonotypy.

CooxDantt: The genus Use ana Girauit i s characterized for

having antennae with i-se^mented funicie , 3->&&3ir.entecl club;

fore vdngs vdth discal setae arranged in rows, n3ar3inai vein

shorter than premazginal vein.

Use ana rpukerlii (Mani)

GhaetQstrieha ffiUJs££Ui ' ^ ni, i935b t 337.

Uscana mukeriii, (Mani)} Ooutt & Vij jiani 1968 i 354.

Host! Not known.

Oistxlbution } INDIA.

8 . G^nus o i i a o s i t a walker

Oiiaosita v.aiker, i85i i 212-213.

Type-speciest J l iaos i ta col l ina vvaiker, by raonotypy.

KestwQodell a Ashme ad. 1904 j 339.

Type-species} J l i^os i ta subfesciata v«estv;ood. by fiionotypy.

- 35 -

Parol laQaita Kurdjumov, X9ii t 434.

Type-speciesi jêioli l o s i t e flava fCurdJumov* by Qonotypy.

PseudQiicjosita Gi rau l t , 1913 s 104.

Type-*sped68} Pseudjlicioslta polncarel Gi rau l t , by rnonotypy.

Zorontoaramma S i l v e s t r i , 1915 t l 0 4 .

Typ©-8p«ci«»t 4g|9nt9qyfflffi„^ Ût4r>ff^m S U v e s t n , by rnonotypy,

Cofamentss The 9erHJS Ol iaos i t a i s character ized r having

antennae vvith l-segmented ring* l-segmented funicle and

3»segênted c lub . Fore vîngs narrovyly rounded vt;ith few to

nuroezous d isca l setae; marginal fr inge usually long; marginal

vein much longer than s t i t ^ a l vein; ov ipos i to r hidden.

The genus i s known to contain nine species including six

new species from Ind ia . A key for the separat ion of Indian

species i s given belowi

Key to Indian species of Oi igos i ta walker, based on feraales*

1. Fore wifKjs with d isca l setae fe*v', arranged in a s ingle

row 2.

^ Fore winjs v iith d isca l setae numerous, sporsely o r

densely arranged . . • • . . 3

• o l i j Q s i t a manii Vijgiani i s not included in the key due t o

inadequate charac te rs .

- 36 -

2 , Fore viiin^s long and narxow, about four tiraes as long

as wide, nscrginal fzingt longer than v.in< v;idth;

antennae with funicie segment longer than vdde, cial?

lon^, more than five times as long as vvido

. . . . • ^ . ^aniJinea ( ^ i r a u l t )

^ Fore vvinge looderately broad, about three times as

long as wide, marjlnal fringe as long as wing width;

antennae with funicie segment as long as wide, club

shor t , l e s s than th ree times as long as v^ide.

i2» #Jli^^f^lt^g"f;i SP» n.

3* Antennae vdth funicie segment wider than I o n } , , . . 4

^ Antennae with funicie se^gsent as long as o r longer

than vvide.. 5

4 . Fore wings s l i gh t ly l e s s t h w three tiroes as long as

wide, disc sparsely setose v.ith infuscated p<3tch

beneath stijtnal v e i n . • • . . . . . ^ . cieexutensis so. n.

^ Fore wings more than th ree times as long es wide,

disc densely s e t o s e . . . . . . . . • ^ . ne;:;hotetticuia .v ani

5 . Fore v.ings with marginal fringe d i s t i n c t l y shor te r than

wing width 6

^ Fore wings with jnarginal f r in je as long as V'ving width

^* li9f^'^4ffUtg Si-., n.

- 37 -

6. /antennae vsith funicle segiaent d i s t i n c t l y loncjer throi

wide; for© wings with marjinai fringe one-haif of

l e s s tho wir^ viidth 7

^ Antennae with funicle segment as long as wide? fore

wings with marginal frin}© more than one-holf of vdng

wic»th ii» Îm'^},^^^ sp. n.

7. Fore v.ir^s t h ree and d half tiroes as long as v.ide,

marginal fringe one-half of wing vîdthj premarjinai

vein about twice the length of s t i^ne l vein

•• d' J iv<-»s sp. n.

^ Fore wings two and a half times es ioa^ as v.ide,

marginal fringe l e s s than one-half of vdn j width;

premaxginal vein as long as st iîial vein.

^ ' Jg J EePf Jr.!, sp. n.

UliQOsita (jîaarhensis sp. n,

(F ig . S A-3)

Head brov.n} front^jvertex wider than ion ) ; o c e i i i -lirre^ged

in ootuse tr iancjle; eyes daik; malar space shor te r than sye

width. /\ntennae ( f i g . 5A) yellowish bzov-n, inser ted et io»Aer

leve l of eyes; scape s l i g h t l y l e s s than t h r t c tiinos ^s long

as wide; pedicel s l i gh t ly l o a j e r than vddc, ion je r thon ring

and funicle segments t o j e the r ; funicle segDent os lonq as vjide;

- 38 -

club S-segniented, widened bas s l i y , jôinted ap ica l iy , lon jer

then pedicelt zin^ and funicle se^sents together .

ITiordx bzovvn. Fore vdngt ( f i g . 53) hyal ine , d isc naked

except a xoti of s ix setae near an te r io r margin; about three

t i a e e as lon^ as wide, broadly rounded apica l iy ; cos ta l ce l l

narrow, s l i gh t ly longer than marginal vein; postcadrginal vein

absent; stigmal vein as long as premazginal vein; csarginal

fr inge about as long as wing width. Hind winjs hyal ine , about

ten times as long as wide; marginal fr inge more t h ^ t h r i c e

the vving width. Legs yellow.

Abdomen bzown, s l i gh t ly longer t h « i thorax; ov ipos i to r

hidden, ar is ing from basal one-third of abdominal venter .

3ody length i 0,53 mm.

Holotype i^, IMJlAj Ut t a r Pradesh, Aligazh, 2 a . i v . 1983,

co l lec ted by sweeping, î^, Yousuf 1.

Paratype}2^ (8<sne data as for holotype) .

laÛ^ff ; ^ s inau la r i ^ sp . n.

(F ig . 3 C-D)

Heed yellow, s l i gh t l y wider than long in fac ia l view; eyes

dark; malar space as long as eye width; antennae inser ted above

- 39 -

lovtier l eve l of eye8» intezs-entennal space about ane- th i rd the

width of frons between eyes at median oce l lus ; ixiandibles

t r l d e n t a t e . Antennae { f ig . 3C) yellowish; scape mod^rotely

narrow, about two and a half tiroes as lonj as v.lde; pedicel

s l i gh t ly njore than on© and a half tiroes as long as wide, Icnnger

than ring and funicle segments together ; club S-sejiiiented,

longer then pedice l , ring and funicle segments t o j e t h e r .

Thora^: orange yellow. Fore v.ings ( f i g . ^ ) hyaline with

an infuscated patch beneath the » t i .ai vein; s l i g h t l y more

than three times as long as wide; disc with apical half boyond

ve jna - jii sparsely setose; cos ta l c e l l narrov*, longer than

wuiv^inal vein; veCTiation in te r iup ted between subniorginal and

premarginal veins^ postnarginal vein absent; stigiual vein v.ell

developed; isarginal fringe longer than one-half of wirKj u id th .

Kind wings l i g h t l y infuscated, about ten times as long as wide;

marginal fr inge about t h r i c e the vdng width. Legs orange

yellow except pre tarsus of a l l l egs and coxae of hind legs

infuscated.

/Jadotnen yellow, much longer than thorax; ov ipos i to r hidden,

a r i s ing from basal one-half of abdominal venter .

Body len^jth : Q.73 mra,

Holotype !|{, INDiAj Ut ta r Pradesh, Bulan^^Ghahr, 11.x.1983,

col le ted by sweeping, (j^, Yousuf).

Paratype 3i i U-iOlA t a iha r , i^anchi, 3. i . i9B4 {^.ii^. Shaa is ) .

- 40 -

Uliaos l ta qUW§ &P* n-

( F i g . 5 E-F)

Head ortf)<)« yellow; eyes dark; malar space isuch shor te r

then eye width. Antennae ( f i g . Sb) yellow, inse r ted at lower

level of eyes; scape about three times as long as wide; pedicel

filiijhtly longer t h a i wide, as long as r i n j and funiclc segments

togetht^r; funicle se^aent s l i gh t ly l o r ^ e r than wide; ciab

3-se^ent 'ed, s l i j h t l y l e s s than three tiroes as ion>3 as v\ide,

apical sejmcnc with two rod- l ike pro jec t ions .

Thorax orange yellow with small se tae; fore win^s ( f i g . or)

hyaline vdth en infuscated petch beneath F,t' -. vr^'n; n i i i h t l y

inore than three t i n e s as long as v.icie; disc beyono vel-nation

v\i+h fev. setae; costa l c a l l narrow, longer than cnarjiuiii vein;

veCnation in terrupted oetv.een subcjarginal and proniarjinal veins;

pobtnierginal vein rudijnentory; preiaarginal vein obo^jt twice the

l en j th of stigtaal vein; marginal fr inge sli-jhtiy tuore than one-

half t he wing width. Hind v.ings hyal ine , lonj a d nori^w;

marjinal fringe about three tiroes the v intj v.idth, Le^s orange

yellow except pretarsus infuscated.

/ibdoiaen orange yellow, isuch lon-ger than thorax; ovipos i tor

hidden, ar i s ing frcxn basal ono-third of abdonrdnai VGnttr.

Body length : 3.76 mia.

- 41 -

FtoXotype ^* XNDIAt J t t a r Pradesh, Meexut, i J . x . l 9 8 3 ,

col lec ted by sweeping, (^ . Yousuf).

CcHDmentsi Ol laos l ta QIIVUS sp . n . i s very close to

2« s i f^ t i l a i i s s p , n, for possessing orange yellow body and the

type of fore wings, but d i f f e r s from t h a t species in having disc

of fore wings with only few setae beyond veinat ion; fringe

s l i g h t l y more than one-half of wing width; funicle sejment

d i s t i n c t l y longer than wide; pedicel as long as ring and

funicle segments together .

(F ig . 5 G-.H)

Head orange yellow; eyes darlcj malar space s l i gh t ly shor ter

than eye width, /antennae ( f i g . 5G) yellow; scape raoder^tely

long; pedicel twice as long as wide, longer than ring and

funicle segments together ; funicle se^tnent s l i gh t ly longer

then wide; club long, 3»seg»nented, s l igh t ly more than three

times as long as wide, longer than pedicel , r ing and f j o i c l e

segments together .

Thorax yellowish brown. Fore wings ( f i g . 5i .) hyal ine,

s l i gh t ly more than th ree times as long as wide; costa l c e l l

narrow, s l i gh t ly shor te r than aarg ina l vein; Si jmal vein about

as lon j as preosarginal vein; post raerginal vein absent; marginal

• 42 -

fringe long, s l igh t ly more than wing widthj d isc beyond

vejnation with few setae* Hind wings hyal ine, fnore than

c i j h t t imes as long as wide. Legs o n n g e yeilov;.

Ahdom&n yellowish brown, s l i g h t l y longer than thorax;

ov ipos i tor hidden, ar is ing fzom basal one-third of aoJ^^iriinal

v^ter.

Sody length t 0*5 sun,

Holotype v . iMJlAt Ut ta r i 'radesh, / a iga rh , 2 i , i i i . l 9 8 3 ,

col lec ted by sweeping, i^. Yousuf).

Paratypes c.;^. U^lAt Bihar, iianchi, 4.1.1984 (^.iij, ahaaic^).

\ ij '; 9fUg §ftn tf4flffl ( ^ i r a u l t )

(Fig . 6 A-8)

QefitwQodella sanjuinea ^ i r a u l t , 1911 a i 58.

Ol laos i t a sanatjinea ( 3 i r a u l t ) j Doutt 4 Vi j j i an i , 1968 : 540.

0],i,aosita SlMkSSJL i r a u l t , 1916a t 4 .

Female (Hedesczibed).

Head brownish, s l i gh t ly wider th&n long in fac ia l view;

eyes dark. Antennae ( f i j . 6A) yellowish blown; scape cy l ind r i ca l ,

s l i gh t ly l e s s than four tiraes as long as wide; pedicel s l igh t ly

l e e s than twice as long as wide, 3» long as ring and funicle

- 43 -

3 3

Fig. 5 .

• 44 .

segir.ents together ; ciub very iorvg, s l igh t ly raore than five

times as ion^j as wide.

Thorax brown. Fore wings ( f i g . 6B) hyal ine, obout four-

t imes as long »& widej cos ta l c e i l narrow; vO><3tion interrupted

botvi-een subisdrginal and pretnargiinal ve ins ; stx:iinal vein about

as long as premarginal vein; post marginal vein absent; nidrjinai

fr inge very long* more than wing width; disc with {&>\ se tae ,

crranged in s ingle row. Hind legs with coxae, t rochan te r and

femora brown, t i b i a e and tor&i yelloKv.

Abdomen brown; ov ipos i to r hidden, ar is ing from ba&ai one-

th i rd of abdominal venter .

Body length i 0,5 oxn.

Material exatained. i»^. IHOlAi Ut ta r Pradesh, i j iandshahr ,

11.X.1983, col lected by sweeping, (i^, Yousuf).

(F ig . 6 C-0)

Feiaaie.

Head brownish; a a l ^ r spiice shor te r than oye width; eyes

dark. Antennae ( f i g . 6C) yellowish brov.n; pedicel one ^nJ a

half ticaes as long as vdde; s ingle ring seg.ent present;

funicle i -segmented,s l ight ly wider than long; club 3-;:&3;r;ented,

- 45 •

s l i gh t l y more than twice as long as v.ide with tw?o long spines

ap ica l ly .

Thorax brov.n. Fore wings ( f i ^ . 60) hyaline with s siTiail

infuscated patch beneath st i jmai vein, about t h ree times as

long as ide ; costa l ce l l narrow, s l i gh t ly l on je r than rriarginai

velnj veCtiation in te r rup ted between subtnarginal and prenaiginai

veins; premarginal vein s l igh t ly longer than stigi:-al vein;

postraarginal vein absent; apical half of disc with fev. sparse

se tae ; ra^rjinal friag© s l igh t ly shor te r than \vin,j v.idth. Locjs

brownish except t a r s i which are yellow.

Abdomen dark brown, s l igh t ly longer than thorax; ov ipos i to r

hidden, ar i s ing from basal one-tourth of abdominal venter .

Body length t 0.68 nm,

Holotype w»« UWlM U t ta r Pradesh, Meeiut, iJ .x.19:33,

col lected by weeping, (^ . yausuf) .

(F ig . 6 b-F)

Head brown, s l i gh t ly wider than long in focial view; o c e l l i

arranged in obtuse t r ianci le , l a t e r a l ocel lus separated by more

than twice i t s diameter frcxn inner o r b i t a l mergin ^cycs dark;

• 46 -

malar space about as long as eye v\ldth. /uitennae ( f i o . 6h)

yelIo\Ki8h bxov\Ti; scape s l i gh t ly l e s s than three t i r e s as long

as wide; s ingle zing segment present ; funiclc i-segmented,

s l i g h t l y longer than wide; club long 3-sejaented.

Thorax bzownj mesoscutum Wiith an te ro la te ra l anojies each

with s i n j i e s e t a . Fore wings ( f i g . 6F) hyaline v.ith infuscated

patch beneath s t igaa l vein; s l i gh t ly more than two and a half

times as long as vildej cos ta l c e l l narrow, as long as, Darjinai

vein; veOnation in ter rupted between subcnargindl and premarginal

ve ins ; mi^rginal fr inge s l i gh t ly l e s s than one-.half of wing

width; d isca l setae sparse, more or l e s s arranged in rows.

Hind wings hyal ine, six times as long as wide. Lejs yellowish

brown.

Abdomen dark blown, as long as thorax; ov ipos i to r hidden,

ar i s ing from base of abdooinal venter .

3ody length j 0.39 ram.

Holotype ^ . INJi/ii Ut ta r Pradesh, 3uiandchahr, i i . x . l 9 8 3 ,

eo l le ted by sweeping,(^. Yousuf).

Paratype ^ . U^ulAt Bihar, ftanchi, 1.1.1984 (^..i;.. >^haaim).

• 47 •»

Oljqo&ita n?P^g^^ttj^9W ^^^^

( F i 9 . 6 o-H)

^ l i a o s i t a nephotetticm^ Mani. 1939 t 92 ,

Feroeie (Red esc r ibed) .

Head yellowish, sXightiy wider than long in fac ia l viaw;

o c e l l i arranged in obtuse t r i a n g l e ; eyes derkj malar St^sce much

shor te r than eye widthj (nandibles tr idc^ntate. Antennae

( f i g . 6vj) yellowish brown; scape three and a half times as

long as wide; pedicel one «vi a half times as long as wide;

ring segment alisost t r i angu l a r ; funicle i -segaented, s l igh t ly

wider than long; club 3-seginented, longer than pedicel arvi

funicle toge ther .

Thorax y e l l o w i ^ except pleurae and raetanotum biovvn;

mesoscutuB2 and scutelluia each with a p a i r of long s e t ae . Fore

wings ( f i g . 6H) hyal ine, about th ree and a half times as long

as wide; cos ta l c e l l narrow; marginal vein with four long setae;

stirjmal vein v^ell developed, as lonoi as r renar^inal vein;

postiRarginal vein aosent; d isc beyond veCnation iunseiy setose;

raarginal fringe s l i gh t l y shor te r than wing width, iirKi vdnjs

long . Legs orange yellow except fepora of hind le^js brownish.

Abdoffien yellowish brown, d i s t i n c t l y longer than thorax;

ov ipos i to r hiJden, arrl£ir>3 froa basal-half of abdoriiinai venter .

Body length t 0,55i HKU.

- 48 -

Fig. 6.

• 49 -

Material exaodnfld. 10, XNUiAi Ut t a r Pradesh, Buiendshahr,

i i . x . i 9 8 3 , by sweeping, (fil. XaMJiit)? 3J, Bihar, aanchi,

3 . i . 1984 (^ .^ . ^JiagiA)*

VU'^gfrUf iJaU. Vi99ldni

Oliaos i ta a a n i i Viggiani, i983a t 125-132 (now name for

v^efitwoodella nephotet t lcua Mani. 1939 : 9 2 ) .

9* Genus J l i o o s i t o i d e s Doutt

GliaQsitoides Doutt i n Doutt d Vi jgiani , 1968 t 541.

Type-speciesi u l i los i to ide t f l e t e h e r i Uoutt, by monotypy.

Cocanentsj The genus i s a l l i ed t o j l i a o s i t a ualker in

possessing s inyle funicle segment and 3*segmented c lub, but

d i f f e r s from t h a t genus i n having fore wings broadened

ap ica l ly , vein t rack R , present; ov ipos i to r exser ted . The

genus i s reported for the f i r s t time fxom Ind ia . I t i s

represented by four species including two new species , /\ key

for t h e i r separation i s given belowi

Key to species of Ol iaos i to ides Doutt, based on females

1 . Fore wings with marginal vein d i s t i n c t l y longer than

stigraal vein} marginal fringe long, one &ixth or more

the wing width••• , 2

- 50 -

^ For© wings with oiarginal v«in s l i gh t l y shor te r than

s t i j p a l vein; marginal f r ings very shor t , l e s s than

one>tenth the wing width • •

2 . Oviposi tor much exsertedi antennae wltii funlclo about

as Icng as \îde ( f i g . 7A) i fore wings with marginal

fr inge one- third the wing width ( f i g . 7B)

• . . • • • . • • « • . . . . • • . • • . . . « . • . . • • • • ^ . t e r eb ra tu s sp .n .

^ Ovipositor s l igh t ly exserted; antennae with ^ _ o

wider than long ( f i g . 7C)| fore winjs with ; orginai

fr inge about on&-sixth the wing width ( f i g . 70)

• . • • • « . . . • • • • . . . • , ^ . audurensis sp . n.

3» Antennae with pedicel twice as long as wide; (u)outt d.

Vigj iani , 19681 f i g . 4 2 A ) j fore win^js with marjinai

fr inge very shor t , l e s s than one-tenth of ivino v.iJth

(Ooutt 8. Viggiani, 1968| f i g . 423) ^, l l e t c h e r l Doutt

^ /vntennae with pedicel two and a half tiraes as long as

wide (D« Mantis, 1969: f i g . i ) j fore wings vvith n^rînai

fr inge s l igh t ly cnore than one-tenth of wing width

(De ban t i s , 1969» f i g . 4) ^ . semi^cinctiutn ie iântis

VU99g4t9.^tl?f ^^¥^^^'^1 sp. n. (F ig . 7 A-a)

Head yellowish bxown, s l igh t ly '..ider than lon;j in f ucial

• 5JL -

view; o c e l l i red, l a t e r a l oce l lus separated by more than i t s

diameter from inner o r b i t a l and l e s s than i t s diameter fxora

occ ip i t a l morgins. ^urtennae ( f i ^ . 7A) yellowish orown;

pedicel d i s t i n c t l y longer than r in9 and funiclo segnenrts

together ; funicle i-&et>T!Gnted, as lon;^ as v.idej club

;^5e:;ji'ientQd, aoout four times as long as wide, apical end

texminatin^ in to a xud-like projec t ion .

Thorax dark brown. Fore wings ( f i g . 7B) tivo and a half

times as long as vtiide, ou te r margin broadly rousided; d i sc

v i t h se tae arranged in rows; cos ta l c e l l well developed,

longer than roorginal vein; marginal vein d i s t i n c t l y longer

than stigmal vein, with 3 long se tae ; postajarginal vein

ausentj aarginal^fringe about one-third the u ln j v id th , iiind

wings long and narrow; niarginal fr inge tviiice the wina vddth.

Le.gs yellowish brown,

Abecjinen brown, d i s t i n c t l y longer than thorax; ov ipos i tor

cnuch exserted, ar is ing froto basal one-fourth of abdominal

venter , exserted par t of ov ipos i to r s l i j h t l y l e s s thon one-half

t he lerv^jth of abdomen.

Body length excluding exserted port of ovipc -»r» ).51 mr...

Holotype )J' INDXAj Andhra Pradesh, Judur, 3J . i . l9B4 ,

col lected by sweeping, {g, XfiiliULl) •

- 52 -

(F ig . 7 C-D)

Female.

Head bxown, s l i gh t ly wider t h a i long in fac ia l view; eyes

doacki malar space shor te r than eye width. Antennae ( f i j . 7C)

yellowish brown, inser ted at lower leve l of eyes; scape about

t h r e e tiroes as long as wide; pedicel s l i gh t ly l e s s than tv.ice

as long as wide, longer than ring and funicle sejnents together;

funicle i-se^CTited, s l i gh t l y wider than long; club 3-.se3mented,

s l i gh t l y l e s s than four times as long as wide.

Thorax daric brown. Fore wings ( f i g . TO) hyaline except

th ree small infuseated patches arranged in t r i a n g l e beneath

t he vcCnationt s l i gh t l y l e s s t h a i two and a half tiroes as long

as wide, braadly rounded ap iea l ly ; d isc with se tee arranged in

l i nes ) cos ta l ce l l longer than marginal vein, iridrjinal vein

t h r i c e the length of stigmal veini postisaxginal vein absent;

stigDial vein s l i gh t l y shor te r than preraarginal vein? Kaxginal

fr inge about one»sixth the wing width. Legs y e l l a v i ^ except

hind femora dark.

Abdomen dark brown, s l igh t ly longer than thorax; ov ipos i to r

s l i gh t ly exserted, a r i s ing from base of abdominal venter .

Body length •xcluding exserted par t of ov ipos i to r : J .63 mm.

Holotype ^ . INDXAi Andhra Pradesh, viudur, 30. i .1984,

col lected by sweeping, (^, Yousuf).

- 53 -

O'OSmm

Fig, 7.

- 34 •.

10, Genus fiE^fljFffpqa Nowicki

Mg^ff9ff«mfl f^Qwicki, 1940 i 640.

Type»8peeiest ? ip ff'a :ffl fflft holorhoptyi Nowlcki, by Donotypy.

Comnentsi The genus Xlohoaraaffla Nowlcki I s character ized fc r

having long exeerted oviposi tor ; antennae with 2-segrnor.ted funicio

and l-segmented club} fore viings vdth d isc densely seto&e,

venation shor t . The ^enus i s knov^n to contain sisij le &;>ecies

from Ind ia .

^j^p^^grfWlfl indieum Hayat

Xiphoaraana Xj^JJim Hayat, 1930 t 204.

Host : t^t known

Dis t r ibu t ion t IWIA.

11. Genus TrichoaracfD^ v.estwood

Trichoaramisa ivestwoodt 1833 t 444.

Type-speciesi Trtchoaraoma evanescens Vvestwood, by raonotypy.

Ca l l ep t i l e s Haliday, 1833 i 340.

Type-speciest ( C a l l e p t i l e s l a t ioenn ia Halid^w) a

Trt9>^9^yfflMff QVaneaeens Westvvood, by Donotypy.

Pentaxthron Packard. 1872 » 8 .

Type-speciesi Trichoaranaa minutufq Riley, by monotypy.

- 55 •

Aiixabosca v.estwood, 1878 i 392.

JoDhthor^ AurlvUlius, 1897 t 250.

Type-speciesi Uophthora samblldia Aurlvillltjfi. by snonotypy.

XanthQatoffli s Ashmead, 1904 i 360.

typo-spQCiest C fff hoal pffi g ftlrbj^P^I Ashmead) « Trlchoaraima

mlnutum Hlleyt by monotypy.

Nttotxiehoarirana Girault. 1911 i 38-39.

M9h99FfflPy^mg a i r a i l t , 1932| 1 (Doutt 8. Vicjjiani. i960 » 533).

Co(niD»ntti The genus llAffflff^gfTlffi Wertwood i s characterized

for having antennae with 2«8eginented funicle and i-segcnented

e lub{( f l9 . 8A); fore winga with sigmoid venation, discai setae

arranged in zowsi vein track R^ pcnieent ( f i g . SB).

Trlchoaraama hesperidig Nagaraja

Triehoarama heeperidis NaaaraJa. 1973 t 275-^90.

Host I Eggs of Kesperlidae.

Oistzibution t XiDIA.

^^ff^ggymag SSU^kSS. NagaraJ a

Tnchoaraaiaa aariae Naaarala, 1973 i 275-290.

Hoat t Aaiius convQlvuli

Distribution t INDIA.

- 56 -

•lytfi^^Kma.ft paLiidiventrii^ UaqBToi a

Trlchoarmma pallidlVBntrig Naaarala. 1973 t 275^90.

Oletxlbution t INDIA.

TffJliyrK?qy#mft rtga^gYWIit Nagaraja^ 1973 s 275^90 .

Host I jgyjA iinftffpg#^gi tff DlBtzibution t imiA*

TrJchQaraaaia Doliaa Naaarala, 1973 i 275-290.

Host s i iiULSl infy&fiff^gjttfff

DlfttrLbuUon t INDIA.

Irtfihg<argfflfflfi Xaai Ndgaraja

Trlchoaranma raoi Nogsraja, 1973 t 275-290.

Host t l,?p^st9PtgM «P«

DietxibuUon t INDIA.

- 57 -

^cv^^^\^:*\^^

Fig. 8,

- 38 -

Ta<rf)g<affffiWtf ifflÛ<^;,f /^r ivi iXius, 1897 i 253^55.

Host t X^JSm. SL£S£C î90t

Olstxibutlon t INDIA* Mandya.

12. Genua TrlchoaraBBmatoideff Glrojl t

TrichoaranitQatoidaa l i irault , 1911 t 13-15.

Typ»»8peeie8i Câetostxicha nana êknter, by urlginal

designation.

Cooioentat Peck (1963) treated Trichoaramniotoid^y Gircult

as j^nonyui of Txichoyranoma Vies'ôod. However* iJouut & Vigvjiani

(1963) and Hâraja (1978) treated i t as a valid 3er%js on the

basis of having fore wings vdth long stigmal vein, absence of

vein track R^ and S-s&ynented male club. The genus i s knovm

to contain six species frora India.

mffh9qffffly fi»\94tf?tf miklM& ' 3^3:aj c

mfflT99yflBPf^J^s!?f MSimSM, ^âgaraja, 1978 { 50^.

Host s Heliothis aimiaera (Hb.)

Distribution i IJÎA, Mandya, Kengeri,

- 39 -

TrtChg9gtiffff^9^<lti toUMt Nagarnja, 1978 i 5Q1.

Distxlbution t INDIA, Hesearaghstta, Bangalox*.

Til ff 9qyfflffifft9Mffg MM Nagar^Ja

Trttf^99irmfflft9y^t MM Na9ara3»> 1978 t 307.

Host I fttYg^fff^fÛ 9ffifrP4ti\ff (Lower)

Distribution t I S3IA, Banâloz*.

Trt9l[>9flriMrt9;tiHrff gffffrl ffKtrt Nagarâ

TrichQarammatoidsa prabhakari, Nagarâ, 1973 i 514.

Host I ^syUftftliQJiUd-.}

Distxlbution I imiA, Mandya.

Trt9h99rtB?fflfft944tl J2iUfiJ(£ NagariO «

TrtShff9yff°°>*t9X^** ">bugt^ Nagajrajat 1978 t 315.

Host t HyBrteyig jalBiiii MOOM

Distxlbution t INDIA, v«d6t Bangal, Kalimpong.

~ 60 •

iSlASilUUSkltilft lUQft ^«^ntndr, 1896 i 14^6.

TaghMfflUffi Wiltfff BMiA (^€h It . ) , JiraiXt, i9 i is 15^9.

Host t Bactra vcnogana Z«il«r.

DistHbution I INDIA, iXtotipur,

i 3 . Gdntia PoxDDoea Foarstar

poxoixtea Foar6ter, 1851 i 28.

Typa-spaclaat jjuassm, %\9iktifKlAi Foerster» by oonotypy,

PoBftpQaoldea Nowicki. 1936 t 123-»i26.

Typa-apadast ygWWfffWf JJghaii M NowicU.. by monotypy.

Ctaoantat Tha ganus PorooQaa Foarstar i s eharactexlzad

for having antannaa vith 2-aag{nentad funicle and S^seyraentad

clubi foxe \»lngs with sigmoid venation. Tha genus i& known

to contain a einala apeciaa fzora India.

llSa&ftM iDSUJU ^bba Rao

kSSUm& XB^JUk ^»^» ««>t A969b t 319-325,

Host I ,6B&a£LI& liSfil

Oistzibution t IM3IA, DoXhi.

- 61 •

i4« Q«nut Mlrufana Girauit

Miruf^na OirwXt, 1915b i 147.

Typ«.«pocl«8i ^JUBllinft iUeliJMt Girailt.

Traehoeara Blood & Kxygar, 1928 t 208^09 (Doutt 6. Vig Uani,

1968 t 513).

lypo-speeiosi Trachocaya lonaicaud^ Blood & Kxyger, by monotypy.

Cooiaantti The genua Is more eloaely relcted to Poroooaa

Foerater but can be separated for having fore v lnge with

break between premaxglnal and oarglnal veins. The cjenas i s

known to contain seven species fzoco India and a key for their

s^aration i s given belowt

Key to Indian species of the genus Mrufeiy Girauit, based on

females

1* ovipositor arising from base of abdomen 2

^ Ovipositor not arisii^ from base of abdomen 5

2• First funide segment subequal or wider than 1 ong • 3

^ First funide segment subcylindzlcal, distinctly longer

than widei scape cylindrical, 3 1/2 times as long as wide,

twice the length of pedicels 1st funide eegcnent 1/2 the

length of pedied} 2nd funicle segment cup*shaped, a

l i t t l e shorter than l s t | club long, d ight ly more than

- 62 -

5 tiaee as ionq as wldei fore wings slightly l«ss than

twice as long as wide* apex dxoadly xounded

•••• M« ionaifunieulat^ Vi.jiiani & Hayat

3, Club»3-4 times as long as wide) 1st and 2nd funlcle

segment voider than long, • 4

^ Club 6 tioies as long as wide; Ist and 2nd funide se jments

subeqtial and about as long as wide) foxe wings twice as

long as wide) raaxginal vein as long as stlgmal vein) 3xd

valvulae long* less than 1/6 the length of 2nd v a l v l f e r s . . . . . .

• • «i4« lonaiclavata Khan & âfee

4, Sojtellusn yellow) 1st funide segcsent shorter than 2nd;

elub less than 3 times as long as wide) raarginal vein as

long as stigmal vein • ^. albi scut oil um Khan & shafee

^ Scutellua dark brown; 1st funicle segment longer th oi 2nd)

elub 4 times as long as wide) marginal vein shorter then

stigmal vein g. mamifera^ \î99iani & Hayat

3. Body largely honey yellow; 1st funicle segment shorter than

2nd 6

^ 3ody dark brown with frontovertex* midlongitudinal area

of scutum and scutellum yellow) 1st funicle segment longer

than 2nd) malar space Icmger than eye width) scape

cylindrical) 4-times as long as wide) pedicel about 1 1/2

times as Icmg as wide; slightly more than 1/2 the length

of scê) ring sepient indistinct) club 3 1/2 times as long

« 63 •

68 widoi «p«x of stigdial v«in with i t s basal part conical;

postraarginal vain absant ^. bravi funic til a ^ Khen fi. bhafea

6. Fore wings without aazginal fxingat scapa 3 i /2 times as

long as \«ida« as long as padieel and funide combined)

antennae «iith 2 indistinct zing segments} club 4 times

as long as widei fore vrings a l i t t l e more than tiwce as

long as wide,•••••••• ^. afranoiatiff y/ijjiani a. Hayat

^ Fore wings with short raazginal fringe} scape 4 i /2 tixnes

as long as wide* mych ionger than pedicel and funicle

eoobined; anteranae w i ^ 1 ring segment} club 3 tines as

long as wide} fore wings less than twice as i<x\q as vîde... . . .

, . . . . . . • . g. aaaaiSijEtiiA i^«n & bhafee

aUaiii&I ilffln^^rtft Viggiam a. H«yat

Mini fens afranaiata Viggiani & Hayat, i974 s 145 •

Host t oxvraehis sp«

Distribution t INDIA, Aligaxh.

iiJUiffil. rtfriggytrtiitfB i^«n & shafee

MLPliflai flt&4ifi^tJ>Atfi *â» ^ Shafee, 1977 t 32.

Host t ^ffYywhj,! iucaalu& P«^^«

Distribution t It4DIA, Miâzh,

• 64 •

aLDiilQft ^gffYUtfT ffUlfttft Khan & <Jhaf9

I L&liSOft bg^vifunieulflta Khan & Shafae, J1977 t 31.

Host t s??qfyfff? ff iaaasiiUL p«»r*

Oittxlbution t imiA, ALlgazh.

Mlrufana lonaiclavata Khan & Shaf•«

tliMiSm. }k9mMfrf9U ^^ ^ âfee , 1977 t 34.

Oittxlbution J INDIA, Allgaxh.

WJUlm, ;m<i»Knn;gWtLrtff Vlgglam & Hayat

f4i xufftn« lon^jlfunleuia-â Vlgglanl & Hay at« 1974 i 147.

H08t i Pgg BMfOTWI SP*

Dlstzibutlon s INDI/v, Pathankot.

laLBiijmL ffiMl4fi^gYrtfl J 'fl" ^ ShafM, 1977 i 32.

Host t s ?<YfW 4g iMSaim, âbr.

Olstzlbutlon t INDIA, Allgaxh.

- 6S -

^JMiSM ffiWaîWlt Vi39iani & Hsyet, 1974 { 148.

Oistxibution I INDIA, KanehMpusiQ),

gffflfflTY gflilffifftrttg curault, i915b s 147.

Typ».sp«ci«8i ^ffffff^qrffMrtrtitf MBUyLSM îreult, by Donotypy.

Psaudbrad Yqffflapftf aigatilt, I919b t 148. (Ooutt a. Vigjidnl,l96Bt 516)

Typo^tpeeiost Pfi«udbraehvgr«iiaa j2y|2^ Girault, by oUginal

da«ign0tion«

Cosoroentst Th« genus arachvaraciroatella GirauXt i s charactexizsd

for having foro wings with disc dsnsely setosot marginal vain

strai^tf bsoad thzoughout i t s length, heavily setose: otlgmal

vein short} antennae with two zing segments, two subequal

obliquely divided funide segments and 1 or 2*&egi36nted club.

The genus i s known to contain eight species frocn the v^rld,

of vîich three species have been reported from India.

arachvaraamatalla aliaajEheniLLs Khan

gfl'ffhYqyiimrtrtit ladUA t^w, 1975 t 430. (preoccupied by

gygffhY aiyffiffirtsJ if JLOÛa Vlgalanl & Hay«t. 1974 i 150).

- 66 •

agachvaramaat^Ila aliaarhanais tchan. 1976 t 392. (New nane for

g* ilU2Jb&A Khan).

Host t tfXYgWhlt iMSMOiM P«^'«

Olstxibutlon i ItOIA* Migaxh.

PlTfghYagiaBHtitJLiii iLOSU&ft Vlgglam & Hayat

Braehvaraaipatlla Indlea Viggiani & Hayat. 1974 s 130.

Matozial axaodnad !$• INDXAt Uttar Pradesh, Mlgaxh, 19.x.l983,

ccaiaetad by sMeeping, (£|. Youauf)«

^y^gbYafimf^iAAf i,yn<iJ^tiifYrti Khan

grgfilWflyfflfflfllrtif A9fM4tiiiYrti Khan, 1975 t 635.

Dlatrlbutlon i INDIA, Aligazh,

Paracttntrobia t4oward- 1897 I 178.

Typo-8paci©»t Fffy^fn^JPgMi smSJlJA tfoo'aid, by monotypy.

Abballa Girault. 191ia t 9 -U (Doutt S. Vlgglani, 1968 t 562).

Typ^spaciast Abballa aubflava Girault. by original designation.

•> 67 ••

ii^Jt Gir»ilt, i9Ua I 25m26 (Doutt & Vigglani, i968 ; 362).

Typ«->tpeei«tt Jrichoaryaaa eercnaaffl Ashmead, by monotypy.

arachi«talla Girault. i9U i 184 (Ooutt a. Vigaiani, i968 t 562).

Typ«»tp«ei«tt JxichQarflnma acuminata Ashaaad, by monotypy.

Jaaaidophthora Paridlns, 1912 t 17 (Ooutt 8. Vlgjianl, 19681 562)

Typa-apaciaat ^ftfSi| #9ffhtf^yi AEtoft Pgrklna, by monotypy.

Abballiaea aheaouicre, 1946 t 371. (Naw nama for Aball^ Girault.

Doutt & Vigjiwii, 1968 t 962).

Coamantti Tha ganua l araeantmbf a Howazd i s charactorixad

for having antannaa with 2«aagpaanta<l funiclat a-sagoantad olubt

fora winga with disc be^nd vanatlon danaaly or sp^rsaly aatosa;

oostel eall naxxowi marginal vain l<mgar than atigmal vain.

Tha q«nu9 la raportad for tha f irst tiiaa fxofn India. In tha

praaant study two naw apaeiaa ara daaeribad which are aaparatad

by tha foUov^ing kay eharactarai

Kay to Indian apaeiaa of Paraeantrobia Howaxd, baaad on famalaa

1. ..ntonnaa with club laaa than thraa tlmaa as long as wida,

ahortar than aeapai padical and funida togatherj fora

winga mora than two and a half tiaaa as long as wid^,

marginal fringa long, ona»third of vdng width. . . . . ,

• )L' 11^1^91 fYs lrft 8P.n'

^ Antannaa with dub long, slightly laaa than four times as

long as wida, as long as scapa, padical and funiela

- 68 •

8«9^i«ntt tO90then fort wings slightly oiore than thrse

times d8 long as widsf mszginal frings short, on*->tenth

of wing width ,£. Jk^mMfim »P- "•

(Fig, i )

Fsmals.

Hscd bxownisht fzontovsztex as long as widet oeel l i arranged

slightly in obtuss trlangls, lateral ocellus separsted by less

than i t s dioneter froa inner oxbital and occipital martjins

separately} eyes dark* Antennae yellowish except pedlcelt f irst

fiffid third club segments brownish} scape about three times as

long as widej pedicel about one and a half tisies as long as wide,

longer than ring and funiele segraents together} single ring

segment present} funiele 2«>se9raented9 basal sejment longer than

second} club 3»sega«ntedt two and a half times as long as wide,

lor^er than pedicel and funiele together.

Thorax dark bzown. Fore wings infuseated except disc beyond

venation hyaline, slightly l ess than three t ioes as long es

wide} disc beyond venation spaarsely setose, setae arranged more

or less in zows} costal ce l l narrow} submarginal vein slightly

shorter than marginal vein} postaarginal vein absent| stignal

vein about as long as paramarginal vein} marginal fringe long,

dtout one»third of wing width, (iind wings hyaline, slightly

• 69 •

i&ox« than ttn tisitt «• long as wid«f oaz^inal fzlnge about

twico tho wing width* Logs yollowlsh bxown.

Abdomtn daxk bxown, slightly longor than thoraxt ovipositor

hlddwri* arising fxoa basal on«»thlzd of abdosilnal venter.

Body length t 0.76

Holotypt ^* INOXAt Uttar Pradesh. Bulandshahr, 11.x.1903,

collected by sweeplngf (^. )iSiUBil)*

Paratypes 4^ (same data as for holotype).

(Fig. 9 A-B)

Female.

Head yellowl^ browni eyes dork. Antennae ( f ig . 9A} yellowi

scape cylindrical* slightly oore than three tinies as long as wide;

pedlciX one and a half times as Icmg as wide; single ring segment

present} funlele 2«.se9fflentedt f irst se^ent Itmger than second;

dub large* 3»segaented, about four times as long as wide* as

long as scape* pedicel and funlele secants together.

Thorax yellow. Fore wings ( f ig . 90) hyaline except a

transverse band beneath stlgiial vein Infuseated; slightly mox«

than twice as long as wldei disc beyond venation sparsely setose,

setae arranged in rows; costal cel l narrow) subraaiginal vein as

long as marginal velni postmarginal vein developed; stignial vein

- 70 -

0-2mm

Fig. 9.

- 71 -

about as Xcmgi as premaxginal vaini maxginal fringe short, aboxit

ona-tenth of wing width. Legs yellow*

Abeoroen bzo«nlsh, slightly longer than thoraxi ovipositor

hiddeiH ariaing fxoia baeal ono-third of abdominal venter,

3ody length i 0*61 om,

Holotypa < . XNOXAt Madhya Pradeah, Qwalior, 5 .x ia983,

collected by aweepingv (^. Yoi^suf).

17. Genua r^fftgtnlra^ti^^fl Girault

Ht9fitntfCTfr4fm Oirault, 1919b t 149.

Type-apecieaj r yi>1?fr(tff? ;i<AAfi ISSft Girault, by laonotypy.

CoQiaentai The genua tMeoeentiDblellf i s characterized for

having antenna* long and alendtjr nith 2*ae9mented funiele and

3»segmented club; fore vvinga with diacal setae arranged in zous,

subcostal cel l narrow, marginal vein long, postmarglnal vein

absent, stigcnal vein well developedi abdocien longer than thorax,

ovipositor Quch exaerted.

The genua ia known to contain two species Including one

new species. The two species are separated by the following

key characters.

- 72 -

Kty to specifti of î^9fftmatttjLi^ 31r«jlt, b&9%d on f«nal««

i . For« wings with n«rginal vein twice the length of stigmal

vein} mazginal fzlnge about one-half of v ing width;

antennae with two ring segmentei firet club segment

slightly longer than wide«,«.««. | . rarf Girault

^ Fore wings with raazginal v«in about thziee the length of

stigmal veini marginal fringe less than ono-haif of wing

width; antennae with single ring seoment* f irst club

segment slightly more than two tiiaes as lorq as wide

• a* ifiJC&kSfilSUL SP- "•

( F i g , 10 A-a)

Feci a l e .

Head brownish, slightly wider than long in facial view;

frontovertex ^sout as long as widet eyes red; maxillary and

labial palpi 2 wd X»segraented respectively. Antennae ( f ig . IOA)

yel lowi^ bzxmni seiê b:ix)od at bas*, gradually narrowing

(îcallyf three «id a half times as lorv} as vide; pedicel

sliqhtly l e s s then twice as long as wide, about as long as

ring and funide segments together; single ring segirient present;

funicle seênt f irs t slightly Icmger than vdde, lonjer than

second; club very long, 3»segmented, longer than scape, pedicel

and funicle segments together, segments with very long hairs

- 73 -

Fig. iO.

- 74 -

Thorax dark bzown* Fox« wings ( f ig . iOd) hyalinet veins

infuscated; tvo and a half timea as long as wide, outer sicirgin

broadly rtHjnd«d{ eoatal ee l l narrow; aubcDansinal sli^jhtly

longer than marginal vain} poetmaxginal vain xudiraentar/;

&ti9r.;al vein well developed* about aa lon j aa premarginal

tain} marginal fringa lonj, about one»third the vdng width;

diseal setaa arranged in rows. Fora and middle lege yelioi»d&h,

hind legs with coxae, trochanter and femora dsrk, regaining

parte broken•

Abdoiaen dark brovm, longer than thorax, ovipositor much

•xaertad, arising frexs basal one->third of eôminal venter,

exserted part more than one-half the length of abdomen.

Body length excluding exserted part of ovipositors 0.57 am.

Length of exeerted part of ovipositor t 0»19 ma.

Holotyp* ^* IÎM Uttar prade^, Agra, 4 .xi . i983, collected

by sweeping, (||. Youauf).

i3* ^«nus ^»gt9fta<?h§ vvalker

gh^^îtrtfiha ^âlker, 1851 i 2 io .

type-apecieai ffhfftfff^B^ff^fl IliiHyitftff Walker, by oonotypy.

C^tgobia Foerster, 1856 t @7 (Doutt a Viggiani, 1968 t 556).

Centrobiella Girault. 1912a i 90 (Doutt a. Viggiani, 1968 t 556).

type-speeiasi ffyr4l9>?4tUt m^kkum, ^ ira i l t .

- 7S -

Ratzabuxaalla Glrailt. i93Ba t 80 (Doutt & Vlggiani, 1968 } 556}.

Typii.sp«cl«ti ?fm^9m MSjJSStSm ^Slrault, by monotypy.

Cooin«nt6t Ib« genut Gheetostrichq i s ehor8cteriz«d for

having antennae Îth single ring segment* 2»se3n>@nted funide,

3»segmented club| fore wings with diecal setae arranged in rows}

vein track R , present} costal cel l narrowt caazginal vein long

and straight I stueh longer t h ^ stigcaal veini post tndzginal vein

absent or xudimentazyj ovipositor exserted.

The genus q^âetoatrieha i s known to contain tv^ species

(£• pukeriii Mani and £ . terebrator sp. n.) frota India. The

new species i s related to £ . doricha (vâlker) but differs fron

that species in having fore wings with infuscated patch beneath

v<mation and mazginal fringe slightly less ân one^thizd of

wing width.

(Fig. U A-8)

Head yellow, wider than long in facial view; fxontovertex

wider than long; ocel l i red, arr«iged in slightly obtuse triangle,

lateral ocellus separated by slightly more than i t s dianeter

from inner orbital and occipital margins separately; (nalar space

s)M>rter than eye width; mandible with three acute teeth.

« 76 -

Antonn«« ( f i g . iXA) yellowish brown, Insextttd slightly above the

low.er level of «ye«t pedicel slightly longer then wide; single

Xing segnent present; fonicle indistinctly 2.sogp)onted, basal

segment much shorter th«i apical segment; club S-segm^nted,

three and a half times as ionq as wide, imich longer th&n pedicel

and funiele together.

Thorax daxic bxo«nf). Fore wings ( f ig . IIB) hyaline, slightly

infuscated beneath vejiationt sJ.ightly more th^n twice as long

as wide, outer nargin broadly zoundedi costal cell narrow, as

long as marginal veini subnarginel with 2 setaet marginal vein

long and straight; postmarginal vein rudimentary; stigmal vein

well developed, about as long as premarginal vein; raarginal

fringe long, about one-third the wing width; diseal setae

arranged in several rows; vein tracks R . present. Hind wings

li»ng wd narrow, seven times as long as wide; fnarginal fringe

about twice the wing width. Middle and hind legs dark brovm

except tibiae and tarsus yellow.

/Je>domen dark brown, slightly longer than thorax; ovipositor

much exserted, arising from basal one-third of abdominal venter;

exserted part of ovipositor i>out one»half the length of abdomen.

Body length excluding exserted part of ovipositon Q.44 mm.

Length of exserted part of ovipositor { 0.10 ora.

- 77 -.

0'06mm

Fig. i i .

AZA;-)!^

Z)3^ ^ - ;

- ^ ^ JNlvt'

• 78 •

Hoiotyp* J. XNOIAt Uttar Pradtsh, Me«xut, i 5 . x i . 1983,

collected by sweeping, (g . Yo^«i )>

ffhfff^l^tiltf^t MUKgH i Mani, 1933 i 337.

Host t Not knoM)

Distribution t INDIA, Calcutta.

• 79 «

V • HtFERbNCES

MIRIVILLIUS, Ch«, 1897. crtny svensk aq9 paraslt. lint. Tldskr.

IBs 249-255.

ASHMLAD, v.,H. 1904a. aass i f lcat lon of chalcid f l i es of the

superffimlly Chalcldoidea. ^gQ. Gflmea. aSu . I2 225-555,

/%i))iyi£AO, w.H. 1904b. Descriptions of new Hymonoptcra fxom

Japan IX, ^.^.X* HOi* ^UL* ^* 146-165.

B/)KK£NDJAF, O. 1934. aioiogioal investigations an some Danish

hymenoptexous eQg-purasitest especially in homopterous

and hetexoptezous egjs* \sith taxononic remarks and

descdptions of new species, ^ t . AHet . 191 1-134.

BEESJN, G.F.C. 1941. The ecology and control of the forest

insects of India and the neighbouring] countries. £*i; *JL**

Qehra Pun 767 PP.

auLbul i, C.F.C. & UiATT£HJf£ ^ ^,H, 1939* Further notes on the

biology of parasites of trak defoliators in India.

iB^jUai SajoA^ jm* im,') 3< 355.379.

BLQc , R.iv. & KH/GER, J.p, 1928. Jew genera and species of

Txichograandtidae with remarks upon the genus /\fevnacta

(Hyta.i Trichograosatidae) • £nt. Medd. 161 203i.222.

JUJGEK, Z» 1978. British check l i s t of Chalcldoidea (flym.)

taxonomic notes and additions, iif^t. s^az^ 29$ 225-2^.

• 80 «

BBEIKES, J« i 9 i 4 , !.•• ormffkit de l a Di,a^Dis têntaaona dans It

RepubXlqud Argentin*. tlyngyflffi. S^^g^mt MtiSOafi ^JBUk^

aUHC;>, 3.D. i979. 2n Kxombein, K.V.c Huxd, P.O., J r . , ^ I t h , Q,R^

& 3urk8, B,Dm eataLo<^tt of Hymenoptera in /yjierics North

of M«xico. Smithsonian ins t i tu t ion press, .ashingrton,

D . C : i-273S«

C/HVbR, M. i978. A new subgeiHis and species of Trichoaracaaa

v<esttMood (Hpi.t Chalcidoidee) fzora Australia

(Trieho9raci!)dtidae). ^ . Au t> ^ t . i>QC. i7 i i09«»ii2.

CHtHXAN, M.C. & M/.HiAiJANDHU, V. 1949. TrJchoortiPaatoidge nanf

êhnt. (Hym., Chaicidoidea) • an egg parasite of tho

sugarean* borer Ar^vria s t i e t i c r a s o i s Hampson t a new

record from South India. ^» Sombev ^ ^ . Hist 2&"

481 i 57 - i50 .

OÂUCHE, H.ii* 1942. TrichograosBatidae de aeigique (Mymenopterat

Chaicidoidea)• Bull , i ^ s . His- > r^^. 3e la . . Brussels

131 13 PP.

. HiTlS, L. 1969. A new Ethiopian TrichojraECjatid (Hyiu.)

"^ parasite of egjs of bntypotrachelus (GoLtajzcuiionidae).

\ DE iA ^ > 1970. Trichogramrjatidos neotropicales, neuvos ye

idos (Hymenoptera). Bev. ivua La d a t a ( ; ^ Q 1 . ^.^»)

-19.

• 80 «

BRETHcS, J . 1914. ! .•• omiffBis de l a iiiawaU ggffî^ffl^ <ians Ir

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GIRAULT, A.A* 19130. £Ql* l; «> ^ ^^* ^'Ll.

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- S3 •

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HAYAT, M. X98X. The genera g^^flyjirfflffg snd Lathrojagromvia fXOQ

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KAYAT, M. & HiSAIN, T* i98JL» A new genus of Txichogrcinradtidde

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- 89 -

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• 91 -

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• 93 «

VXijGX l, G« i97ie« flicezeh* Sugll Hymenopters* C}idlcidoid«a

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• 94 •

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