task force on national greenhouse gas inventories update on issues related to the ipcc 2006...
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Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
Update on issues related to the IPCC 2006 Guidelines
Simon EgglestonIPCC Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
Introduction
• Guidelines have evolved from 1996 to 2006• Major step was the Good Practice Guidance
(GPG) – Complete, consistent, comparable, transparent, and
accurate inventories taking account of available resources
– Major change was from 1996 LUCF to GPG LULUCF• 2006 Guidelines [2.5 years work, 250 authors]
– 4 categories (Energy, IPPU, AFOLU & Waste)– Require similar resources to implement as the 1996
Guidelines plus the two volumes of GPG– Does not pre-empt accounting choices – methods
generate all information needed– The best globally applicable methods
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2006 Guidelines
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• Update and expand earlier guidelines– While remaining consistentancy with earlier guidelines
• Have a general introduction to inventory compilation• Include a new chapter on data collection• Include updated default values and methods• Restructure main categories and sub-sectors to
clarify and simplify inventories and to reduce chance of double-counting
• Include methods for sectors previously included in other sectors or under “other”
• Include additional direct greenhouse gases for which estimation methods are provided
Tiers and Key Categories
Start
Is Category key?
Key category:The largest
categories that cumulatively add up to 95% of the
total
Use higher Tier:
TIER 2 using National parameters
OR
TIER 3 a more detailed nationally specific
modeling approach
YES
Want more detail? Abatement?
Use default Tier 1(a few exceptions see
guidelines)
NO
NO
YES
Tier 1:The simplest method with
default parameters in the guidelines 4
Many defaults updated in 2006
Guidelines
“New” gases in 2006 Guidelines (IPPU)– Methodologies in 2006 Guidelines
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Electro
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Mag
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Halo
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Pro
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GW
P in
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GW
P in
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4
nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
trifluoromethyl sulphur pentafluoride (SF5CF3) ✔ ✔ ✔
halogenated ethers (e.g. C4F9OC2H5,
CHF2OCF2OC2F4OCHF2, CHF2OCF2OCHF2)✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
CF3I, CH2Br2, CHCl3 ✔ ✔
C7F16 , CH2Cl2, CH3Cl ✔ ✔ ✔
C3F7C(O)C2F5 ✔ ✔
C4F6, C5F8, c-C4F8O ✔ ✔
By-product & fugitive emissions
Only Gases with methods available included in 2006 Guidelines
Direct CO2 & Indirect N2O
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2006 Guidelines “CO2 Emissions”
2006 Guidelines “CO2 Emissions”
do not include this
2006 Guidelines includes ALL NH3 & NOx Emissions
2006 Guidelines give methods to
calculate this
Estimation of Actual Annual Emissions (Fluorinated compounds, Landfills)
• For a few sources in the 1996 Guidelines & GPG, the simplest methodology estimates a “potential emission” (current and future emissions) rather than the actual annual emission.
• In the 2006 Guidelines, simple default methods estimate actual annual emissions in the year they occur, thus removing the need for potential emissions.
• This allows:– the emission reductions of abatement techniques to be
estimated
– ensures that the methods are compatible with higher tier methods.
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Additional Guidance in 2006 Guidelines
CO2 -Transport and Storage Electrical Equipment
Urea-based Catalysts (Road Transport) Military Applications
Accelerators
Abandoned Underground Mines Medical Applications
Propellant for Pressure and Aerosol Products
Glass Production
Ceramics
Non Metallurgical Magnesia Production Complete, consistent treatment of fires
N2O from land management and changeCaprolactam, Glyoxal & Glyoxylic Acid Settlements remaining Settlements
Titanium Dioxide Production Some wetlands categories
Petrochemical and Carbon Black Production Urea Application
Indirect N2O Emissions from Manure Lead Production Harvested Wood Products
Zinc Production
Open Burning of Waste
Integrated Circuit or Semiconductor Biological Treatment of Solid Waste
TFT Flat Panel Display
Photovoltaics
Heat Transfer Fluid
Fuel Combustion Other Product Manufacture and Use
Fugitive Emissions from Fuels
Mineral Industry
Substitutes for Ozone Depleting Substances
Land Use
Chemical Industry
Metal Industry
Waste
Electronics Industries
Other
Indirect N2O Emissions from the Atmospheric
Deposition of N (excluding agriculture)8
Structure of the AFOLU Sector AFOLU
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AFOLU
Improvements in AFOLU Guidance
• Wetlands– 2006 GL has complete coverage of peat lands– 2006 GL improved coverage of flooded lands but some
guidance is incomplete and awaits further scientific investigation
• Fires– Guidelines have increased consistency and coverage of fires– All emissions from fires reported in a separate category for
increased transparency• Managed land is used in these guidelines as a proxy
for identifying anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks. – use of managed land as a proxy for anthropogenic effects
was introduced in the GPG-LULUCF and is consistent with the Revised 1996 Guidelines.
– Managed land is land where human interventions and practices have been applied to perform production, ecological or social functions
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Subsequent IPCC Work
• Helsinki 2008. (LULUCF/AFOLU Guidance)
– Concluded that additional assistance on activity data would assist LULUCF/AFOLU compilers rather than methodological work
– Also needed: Consideration of Uncertainties and Tier 3 models, and improvement of EFDB
• Brazil 2009 (Managed Land)
– No current alternative to the use of “managed land” as a proxy for identifying anthropogenic emissions was identified
– Possible alternatives need further scientific development and subsequent assessment
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Summary
2006 Guidelines Maintain the same basic methodological approaches from
1996 Guidelines, GPG 2000 & GPG LULUCF Improved and updated default values Only actual emissions – potential estimates not needed Methods give direct CO2 emissions
More default methods and direct Greenhouse Gases Categories simplified and clarified with IPPU and AFOLU Do not pre-empt accounting choices as all information is
retained Can map back to 1996 GL plus GPG
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Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
Thank you
More details in side event – 1pm Thursday 4 June Room “TRAM”
Guidelines in all UN languages can be downloaded from: http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp