tandard drives saving energy with innovative electric drives
DESCRIPTION
tandard Drives Saving energy with innovative electric drives. S. We reserve the right to make technical changes!. Contents. 1 (CEMEP - EU) - Background EPACT – Main Objectives Comparison of EPACT / CEMEP Measures EPACT/ CEMEP – Motors not covered Measures - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Automation and Drives
Standard Drives
Automation and Drives
tandard DrivesSaving energy with innovative electric drives
SWe reserve the right to make technical changes!
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
Contents
1 (CEMEP - EU) - Background
2 EPACT – Main Objectives
3 Comparison of EPACT / CEMEP Measures
3 EPACT/ CEMEP – Motors not covered
4 Measures
5 Motor selection of efficiency
6 Saving energy by optimising the system
7 Profiting from Energy-Saving Potential
8 Checklist for EFF2 and EFF1 motors
9 Mechanical efficiency
10 Siemens Motor Sources
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
EU CEMEP Background
Background - Introduction of efficiency classesacc. to CEMEP - EU
After the example set by the USA with the EPACT law, the EU is now taking the initiative in co-operation with CEMEP1) to implement measures for improving the efficiency levels of electrical drives. Motive: Reduction of the emission of CO2.
CEMEP prescribes efficiency classification for 2-pole and 4-pole motors in the power range from 1.1 to 90 kW. Efficiency is subdivided into three classes so that 2 characteristic curves define the three classes: – "eff1" (High-efficiency motors)– "eff2" (Improved-efficiency motors)– "eff3" (Standard motors)
1) CEMEP = European Committee of Manufacturers of Electrical Machines and Power Electronics; Efficiency determined as before according to EN 60034-2
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
(Source: ZVEI brochure) : Electrical Drives: Cost savings instead of regulation
Voluntary Agreement (EU) Main motives for efficiency classification
The main objectives of the motor manufacturers are:
Increase in customer benefits by achieving savings in energy costs
Market transparency for customers and users
Facilitation of motor selection for the user
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
Comparison of EPACT / CEMEP Law/ Voluntary commitment
EPACT - USA CEMEP - Europe
Status
Motors covered
Legally prescribed minimum efficiency
Voluntary undertaking to– classify efficiency– drastically reduce EFF3 motors
2-, 4- and 6-pole 60 Hzsquirrel-cage motors1 to 200HP (0.75 to150kW)
2- and 4-pole 50 Hz squirrel-cage motors1.1 to 90 kW
Efficiency determined acc.to
Marking required
IEEE 112 B Individual-loss procedurein acc. with IEC 60034-2
Rating plate with Efficiency (N) and CC032A
– Efficiency class on rating plate of motor– N, 3/4 load and efficiency
class in documentation
Efficiency ( Tol.) Tolerance in acc. withIEC 60034-1
Nominal value N acc. to NEMA MG1
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
Comparison of EPACT / CEMEP Motors not covered
EPACT - USA CEMEP - Europe
– Motors < 1.1 kW and > 90 kW– Motors > 4-pole– Voltages and frequencies different to 400 and 525 V 50Hz– Special motors/constructions– Pole-changing motors– Brake motors, single-phase motors– Variable-speed drives– Force - cooled motors– Integrated geared motors– Intermittent operation– Special environmental conditions– Ex motors– Hollow-shaft motors
– Motors <1 HP and > 200 HP– Motors > 6-pole– Voltages and frequencies different to
230V, 460 V/ 60 Hz– Motors with flange– Special motors/ constructions– Pole-changing motors– Brake motors, single-phase motors– Variable-speed drives– Force-cooled motors– Geared motors– Intermittent operation– Partially and completely overhauled
motors– NEMA - design C and D (i.e. MA > MK)
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
EPACTRating plate – Frenstat
Efficiency class (CEMEP)
60 Hz (EPACT)50 Hz (CEMEP)Only when ordered as
design UL (Option D31)
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
Measures Siemens and CEMEP, 4- pole
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
EFF2 - Rotor
EFF2 - StatorEFF1 - Rotor
EFF1 - Stator
MeasuresComparison of active components
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
Measures Reducing individual losses
Better quality of laminations used
Reduced magnetic stress
Larger core assembly
P Fe1 ~ K Fe * B2
B2 ~ 1/ m2Fe
INPUT
Active power from mains
OUTPUT Mechanical
output
Winding resistance reduced due to larger wire cross-section
Winding resistance
reduced due to larger rotor slots (section geometry)
PR
Improved
bearings and fans
P CU1 ~ I12 * R1
P CU2 ~ I2‘2 * R2
‘
Stator
Rotor
Efficiency increase due to better use of active materials
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
Voluntary Agreement (EU Project) Facilitation of motor selection
EU-efficiency classes for motors:
High-efficiency
Improved- efficiency
Standard
The consequence:Siemens already stopped producing
EFF3-standard-motors and just produces the energy-saving motors
EFF1 and EFF2 instead70
75
80
85
90
95
1 10 100
Subdivision into three efficiency classes according to the
EU/CEMEP-agreement
Trend
[%]
[kW]
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
Saving energy by optimising the systemExample: turbo machine drive
Flow control by throttle
Power input
Flow control by rotational speed
M
Power input
~~
Transformer
Motor
Pump
Throttle valve
Effective output
X
Losses in:
Transformer
Inverter
Pump
Losses in:
Motor
M
100%
160%
281%
285%
Effective output
100%
158%
160%
152%
142%
265%
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
Profiting from the energy-saving potential Checklist for choosing drives efficiently
Always control the energy saving balance.
The purchase of a frequency converter for automatic speed control will often be amortised shortly by saving energy.
From 2000 operating hours per year on, energy-saving motors EFF1 generally are the more economic alternative.
For short operating times (e.g. actuator) energy-saving motors EFF2 are sufficient.
By exchanging existing motors into energy-saving motors, the energy-costs decrease.
If the motor needs to be repaired, check, if it is more economical to buy a new energy-saving motor.
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
Efficiency Comparison at 100% and 75% of Rated Power
Efficiency Comparison 6600V 4 pole 50Hz
95,5
96
96,5
97
97,5
98
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Output Power [kW]
Eff
icie
ncy
Siemens eff. @100%
Comp.eff. @100%
Siemens eff.@75%
Comp.eff.@75%
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
Customer Benefits
ENERGY SAVING
Example:1500kW, 2 pole, 6600V Motor (actual info)Siemens eff. 97.2% Comp. Eff. 95%Running time: 24 hours per day, 365 days per YearEnergy cost: R0,2 per kWh
Saving with an improved efficiency
R62 612 pa
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
Source of Supply - Imported
• Czech Republic, Mohelnice Factory
• From 2.2 kW to 18,5 kW ( CI and Al type )
• 100 to 160 Frame size
• 2 to 8 pole
• 400V to 690
• Statistics
1,91 million motors manufactured annually
1800 employees
ISO 9001 and ISO 14000
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
Source of Supply - Imported
• Czech Republic, Frenstadt Factory
• From 22 kW to 250 kW
• 180 to 315 Frame size
• 2 to 8 pole
• 400V to 690V
• Statistics
95 000 motors manufactured annually
800 employees
ISO 9001 and ISO 14001
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
of AC Motors acc. IEC and ANEMA
ANEMAANEMA
150 - 1340 HP
460 – 575 V2 - 8 pole
Squirrel cage
Cast iron housingwith cooling ribs
IP55/TEFCODP, WP I, WP II, TEAAC/TEWAC
(MV-motors with LV-winding)
H-compactH-compactIECIEC
200 - 3000 kW
2 - 11 kV2 - 12 pole
Squirrel cage
Cast iron housingwith cooling ribs
IP55
H-modynH-modynIEC, ANEMAIEC, ANEMA
7000 - 50000 kW9390 – 67000HP
6 - 13.2 kV2 - 12 pole
Squirrel cageSynchronous
Base frame,Water cooling
IP55, WP II
Series Series 1R.5/S.51R.5/S.5
IECIEC7000 - 10000 kW
3.3 - 13.2 kV4 - 24 pole
Squirrel cageslip ring rotorSynchronous
Cast iron-/ Steel housing,
cooler assemblyIP55, WP IICast iron housing
with cooling ribs
N-compactN-compactIECIEC
200 - 1000 kW
400 - 690 V2 - 8 pole
Squirrel cage
Cast iron housingwith cooling ribs
IP23, IP55
H-compactH-compactPLUSPLUS
IEC, ANEMAIEC, ANEMA1000 - 7000 kW1340 – 9390 HP
3.3 - 13.2 kV2 - 12 pole
Squirrel cage
Cast iron-/ Steel housing,
cooler assemblyIP23, IP55, WP II
SpecialSpecialmotorsmotors
2000 - 65000 kW
690 V - 13.2 kV
Squirrel cagesynchronous
Example:Motor for
main cooling pump
ANEMAANEMA
150 - 2500 HP
0.2 – 11 kV2 - 16 pole
Squirrel cage
Cast iron housingwith cooling ribs
IP55/TEFC
200 - 10000 HP
0.2 - 13.8 kV2 - 16 pole
Squirrel cage
Cast iron housing
cooler assembly
ODP, WP I, WP II, TEAAC/TEWAC
ANEMAANEMA
Automation and Drives
21 February 2006
A&D SD Standard Drives
The Cost Saving Motor from Siemens
Thank You