takeo higuchi institute of particle and nuclear studies, kek for the belle collaboration oct 14,...
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![Page 1: Takeo Higuchi Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK for the Belle collaboration Oct 14, 2003; Pittsburgh, PA Takeo Higuchi, KEK BEAUTY2003 Hot](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d815503460f94a659a7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Oct 14, 2003;Pittsburgh, PA
Takeo Higuchi, KEKBEAUTY2003
Takeo HiguchiInstitute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK
for the Belle collaboration
Hot Topicsfrom the Belle Experiment
Hot Topicsfrom the Belle Experiment
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• Introduction to the Belle experiment• CP violation in B
0 KS
• Evidence of B
0 00• New resonance X(3872)• Summary
ContentsContents
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Introduction to the Belle Experiment
Introduction to the Belle Experiment
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e+e
3km circumferenceL = (1.06 1034)/cm2/sec L dt = 158 fb1
On-resonance 140 fb1
L = (1.06 1034)/cm2/sec L dt = 158 fb1
On-resonance 140 fb1
World Records
HistoryHistory
1999 Jun 2003 Jul
• 3.5 GeV e+ 8.0 GeV e
– e+e (4S) with = 0.425.– Crossing angle = ±11 mrad.
KEKB Accelerator KEKB Accelerator
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Belle DetectorBelle Detector
KL detector14/15 layer RPC+Fe
Electromagnetic Calorimeter
CsI(Tl) 16X0
Aerogel Cherenkov Counter n = 1.015~1.030
Si Vertex Detector3 layer DSSD
TOF counter
8.0 GeV e
3.5 GeV e+
Central Drift ChamberTracking + dE/dx50-layers + He/C2H5
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PeoplePeople
274 authors, 45 institutions274 authors, 45 institutions many nationsmany nations274 authors, 45 institutions274 authors, 45 institutions many nationsmany nations
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CP Violation in B
0 KSCP Violation in B
0 KS
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CP Violation by Kobayashi-MaskawaCP Violation by Kobayashi-Maskawa
2
2
)1(
2/
)(2/
AiA
A
iA
VVV
VVV
VVV
tbtstd
cbcscd
ubusud
KM ansatz: CP violation is due tocomplex phase in quark mixing matrix
KM ansatz: CP violation is due tocomplex phase in quark mixing matrix
unitarity triangle
CP violation parameters(1, 2, 3) = (, , )
CP violation parameters(1, 2, 3) = (, , )
O
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Time-Dependent CP AsymmetryTime-Dependent CP Asymmetry
0 0
0 0
0 0
( ) ( )( ) sin cos
( ) ( )
d CP d CPB B
d CP d CP
B f B fA t m At m
B f fS t
B
Inputs: f = 1, S = 0.6A = 0.0
0d CPB f0
d CPB f
2
2 2
: eigenvalue
2 Im( ) | | 1,
| | 1 | | 1
f
AS
CP
A = 0 or || = 1 No direct CPV
S = fsin21: SM prediction
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New Physics Hunting in b sqqNew Physics Hunting in b sqq
+
New process w/ different CP phase
New process w/ different CP phaseSM penguinSM penguin
Deviation from b ccs Hint of new physics
SM predicts same CPV in b ccs and sqq.
SM predicts same CPV in b ccs and sqq.
e.g.) squark penguin
New physics may deviate CPV in b ccs from sqq
New physics may deviate CPV in b ccs from sqq
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b ccs Reconstructionb ccs Reconstruction
5417 events are used in the fit.
140 fb1, 152M BB pairs
J/ KL signal
B 0 J/KL
b ccs w/o J/KL
pB* (cms)
Beam-energy constrained mass (GeV/c2)
Detail by K.MiyabayashiDetail by K.Miyabayashi
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CP Violation in b ccs CP Violation in b ccs
5417 events @ 152M BB
1sin 2
0.733 0.057 0.028
1sin 2
0.733 0.057 0.028
1.007 0.041 (stat)ccs consistent with no direct CPV
poor flavor tag
fine flavor tag
Small systematic uncertainty
Well controlled analysis technique
Small systematic uncertainty
Well controlled analysis technique
Detail by K.MiyabayashiDetail by K.Miyabayashi
K. Abe et al. [Belle collaboration], BELLE-CONF-0353.
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b sqq Reconstructionsb sqq Reconstructions
• B0 KS: K+K, KS – Minimal kaon-identification requirements.– Belle standard KS selection.– | M(KK) M(| < 10MeV/c2
(mass resolution = 3.6 MeV/c2).– | p| in CMS > 2.0 GeV/c.– Belle standard continuum suppression (given later.)– | E | < 60MeV, 5.27 < Mbc < 5.29 GeV/c2. M(KK) [GeV/c2]
• Background is dominated by continuum• CP in the background:
– KKKS: (7.2±1.7)%– f 0(980)KS:– These effects are included in the systematic error.
• Background is dominated by continuum• CP in the background:
– KKKS: (7.2±1.7)%– f 0(980)KS:– These effects are included in the systematic error.
1.91.5(1.6 )%
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b sqq Reconstructions Cont’db sqq Reconstructions Cont’d
• B0 KS– More stringent kaon-identification requirements.– Particle veto for ,D0, c0, and J/ KK and D+ KKS.– Belle standard continuum suppression.– | E | < 40 MeV, 5.27 < Mbc < 5.29 GeV/c2.
• B0 ´KS: 1) ´ , +2) ´ +,
– Belle standard continuum suppression.– |E| < 60MeV (´ ; 100 < E < +80 MeV (´ )
5.27 < Mbc < 5.29 GeV/c2
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B 0 KS
B 0 KKKS
B 0 KS
2 cms 2 cms 2bc beam(GeV/ ) ( ) ( )BM c E p
Beam-Energy Constrained MassBeam-Energy Constrained Mass
6811 signals106 candidates for S and A fitpurity = 0.640.10efficiency = 27.3%
24421 signals421 candidates for S and A fitpurity = 0.580.05efficiency = 17.7% (´ ) 15.7% (´ )
19918 signals361 candidates for S and A fitpurity = 0.550.05efficiency = 15.7%
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Unbinned Maximum Likelihood FitUnbinned Maximum Likelihood Fit
1. fsig: Event by event signal probability
0 01 (1 2 ) sin( ) cos( )4
Bt
B BB
eq w m t m tS A
2. sig:
3. R: t resolution function
4. Pbkg: Background t distribution
signal background
cand 2maximize
1
( , ) ( ; , ) 0N
ii
LL PA A
AtS S
S
sig sig sig bkg( ; , ) P ( ; , ) (1 ) ( )i S SP t f t f P tA A R
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CP Violation in b sqqCP Violation in b sqq
B0 KS B0 KKKS B0 ’KS
fS
A
09.011.050.096.0
07.029.015.0
18.000.005.026.051.0
04.016.017.0
05.027.043.0
04.016.001.0
B fCP(sqq) decay vertices are reconstructed using K- or -track pair.
Fit sin21
@ 152M BB
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Consistency ChecksConsistency Checks
• CP violation parameters with A = 0– B0 KS: fS = 0.99 ± 0.50
– B0 KKKS: fS = 0.54 ± 0.24
– B0 KS: fS = 0.43 ± 0.27
• Null asymmetry tests for S term– B K: fS = 0.09 ± 0.26
– B K: fS = 0.10 ± 0.14
Less correlationbtw S and A
Less correlationbtw S and A
26.009.0 S
Consistent with S = 0Consistent with S = 0
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Statistical SignificanceStatistical Significance
sin21
Hint of new physics?Need more data to establish conclusion.
Hint of new physics?Need more data to establish conclusion.
• B0 KKKS, ´KS
– Consistent with sin21.
• B0 KS
– 3.5 deviation (Feldman-Cousins).– S(KS) = sin21: 0.05% probability.
0( )SS K
K. Abe et al. [Belle collaboration], hep-ex/0308035, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett.
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Evidence of B
0 0 0Evidence of B
0 0 0
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Two possible diagrams require measured 2 disentangledTwo possible diagrams require measured 2 disentangled
Disentangling 2Disentangling 2
b u
d
u
W
W
d
u
u
bt
B0 is one of promising decays to measure 2B0 is one of promising decays to measure 2
TT PP
22, 1 sin 2( )A S A 22, 1 sin 2( )A S A
Penguin-polluted CP violation
Br(B0 0 0) measurement gives constraint on .
eff2
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B0 00 ReconstructionB0 00 Reconstruction
• B0 reconstruction– 2 0’s with 115 < M() < 152 MeV/c2.– Efficiency = 9.90 ± 0.03%.
– Those MC-determined distributions are used in extraction of signal yield with calibration using B D0 decays in data.
Signal MC Signal MC
E [GeV]Mbc [GeV/c2]
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Continuum SuppressionContinuum Suppression
Fisher
|cosB|
|r|
Multi-dimensionallikelihood ratio
Continuum
Signal MC
e+e BB eeqq
• 1cos2 for BB• flat for qq
Construct likelihood
• r = high well tagged originated from B decay
• r = low poorly tagged originated from qq
Flavor tag quality
B flight direction
Fisher
sig
sig
MDLH 0.95qq
L
L L
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B 0 ContaminationB 0 Contamination
• E-Mbc shape: MC-determined 2-dimensional distribution.
• Yield: Recent Br measurement with MC-determined efficiency.
According to MC study, other charmless decays than B 0 are negligible.
According to MC study, other charmless decays than B 0 are negligible.
Br(B 0) measurement: B. Aubert et al. [BaBar collaboration], hep-ex/0307087, submitted to PRL.
B 0
0
B 0
E [GeV] Mbc [GeV/c2]
charmless background incl. 0
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Signal ExtractionSignal Extraction
Mbc [GeV/c2] E [GeV]
@ 152 M BB
B 0 (modeled by MC)
Signal
Continuum
Signal yield: Signal yield: 9.78.425.6SN
Unbinned maximum likelihood fit
Branching fraction Branching fraction0 0 0
6
( )
(1.7 0.6 0.2) 10
Br B
Signal shape is modeled by MC, and is calibrated using B D0 decays in data.
Significance incl. systematic error = 3.4S.H.Lee, K.Suzuki et al. [Belle collaboration], hep-ex/0308040, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett.
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New Resonance X(3872)New Resonance X(3872)
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New Narrow Resonance: X J/New Narrow Resonance: X J/
• Mass distribution:
Data MC
( / ) ( / )M J M J
(2S) (2S)
X
New resonance X is found.
[GeV/c2][GeV/c2]
Eve
nts
/ 0.0
10 G
eV/c
2
•
• conversion elimination
2
( ) ( / )
20MeV/
M M J
c
2( ) 400MeV/M c
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B+ K+XB+ K+X
• B+ K+X reconstruction– Add loosely identified kaon to X.
5.20 5.25 5.30 3.84 3.88 3.92 0.0 0.2[GeV/c2] [GeV/c2] [GeV]
MbcMJ/ E
3-dim. unbinnedlikelihood fit.3-dim. unbinnedlikelihood fit.
meas meas PDG 2(2 ) (2 ) 3872.0 0.6 0.5 MeV/X X S SM M M M c meas meas PDG 2(2 ) (2 ) 3872.0 0.6 0.5 MeV/X X S SM M M M c
2
( / )2.3 MeV/
M Jc
2
( / )2.3 MeV/
M Jc
sig 35.7 6.8N sig 35.7 6.8N
( ) ( / )0.063 0.012 0.007
( (2 )) ( (2 ) / )
Br B K X Br X J
Br B K S Br S J
( ) ( / )
0.063 0.012 0.007( (2 )) ( (2 ) / )
Br B K X Br X J
Br B K S Br S J
@ 152M BB
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What is X?What is X?
• Hypothesis I: 13D2
– M(X) = 3872 MeV/c2 differs fromprediction: M(13D2) = 3810 MeV/c2.
– (13D2 c1)/(13D2 J) ~ 5, while (X c1)/(X J) < 1
Mbc
M(c1)
No clear signal
1( ) / ( / ) 0.89 @ 90% CLcX X J 1( ) / ( / ) 0.89 @ 90% CLcX X J
E.Eichten et al., Phys. Rev. D21, 203 (1980);W.Buchmüller and S.-H.H.Tye, Phys. Rev. D24, 132 (1981).
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What is X? Cont’dWhat is X? Cont’d
• Hypothesis II: “molecular” charmonium– M(X) = 3872 ± 0.6 ± 0.5 MeV.– M(D0) + M(D0*) = 3871.2 ± 1.0 MeV.– Do above facts suggest loosely bound D0-D0* state?
– Need more data to conclude.
QQ q q D0-D0* “molecule”
S.-K.Choi, S.L.Olsen et al. [Belle collaboration], hep-ex/0309032, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett.
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SummarySummary
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SummarySummary
• 3.5 deviation is observed with Feldman-Cousins in CP violation in B
0 KS from the SM. Hint of new physics?
• Br(B 0 00) = (1.7±0.6±0.2)×106 is measured, wh
ich gives constraint on penguin uncertainty in 2.
• New resonance of X J/ is observed at M(X) =
3872.0±0.6±0.5 MeV/c2 that does not look like cc state.
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Backup SlidesBackup Slides
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Mixing-Induced CP ViolationMixing-Induced CP Violation
B0
B0 B0
VtbV*
V*Vtb
KStd
td
Sanda, Bigi & Carter
1
2
2
( )td
i
V
e
b
d
b
d
t
t
W W
b
d
KS
W
W
t
tg
g
d
s
s
s
d
s
s
s
Vtb Vts
Vtb Vts
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How to Measure CP Violation?How to Measure CP Violation?
• Find B fCP decay• Identify (= “tag”) flavor of B fCP
• Measure decay-time difference: t• Determine asymmetry in t distributions
e e+e: 8.0 GeVe: 3.5 GeV
BCP
z
Btag
(4S) ~ 0.425
fCPfCP
( )
z
ct
( )
z
ct
z cB ~ 200 m
flavor tagflavor tag
Detail by K.MiyabayashiDetail by K.Miyabayashi
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Systematic Error of CPV in b ccsSystematic Error of CPV in b ccs
Sources Error
Flavor tag 0.014
Vertex reconstruction 0.013
Signal fraction (J/KL) 0.012
Signal fraction (other) 0.007
t resolution function 0.008
Fit bias 0.008
Btag decay interference 0.008
t background distribution < 0.005
mB, B < 0.005
Total 0.028
Small uncertainty inanalysis procedure
Small uncertainty inanalysis procedure
stat err. = 0.057
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B0 KKKS: CP = 1 MixtureB0 KKKS: CP = 1 Mixture
K-
KSB0
J=0 J=0J=0
J=0
CP = (1)CP = (1)
decay
CP = +1 CP = +1
K+
CP = 1 fraction is equal to that of =even/oddCP = 1 fraction is equal to that of =even/odd
Since B0 KKKS is 3-body decay,the final state is a mixture of CP = 1.
How can we determine the mixing fraction?
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-even fraction in |K0K0> can be determined by |KSKS> system
CP = 1 = odd = even
Using isospin symmetry,
CP even CP even%015
100
B0 KKKS: CP = 1 Mixture Cont’dB0 KKKS: CP = 1 Mixture Cont’d
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t Distributionst Distributions
t [ps] t [ps]t [ps]
B0 KSB0 KS B0 KKKSB0 KKKS B0 ’KSB0 ’KS
qf = 1
qf = 1
qf = 1
qf = 1
qf = 1
qf = 1
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Systematic Errors of CPV in b sqqSystematic Errors of CPV in b sqq
S A S A S A Wtag fractions ±0.018 ±0.007 ±0.005 ±0.006 ±0.005 ±0.007 Physics parameters ±0.033 ±0.002 ±0.006 ±0.002 ±0.003 ±0.003 Vertexing ±0.022 ±0.046 ±0.016 ±0.027 ±0.044 ±0.024 Background fraction ±0.053 ±0.035 ±0.045 ±0.026 ±0.029
±0.036 Background t ±0.015 ±0.008 ±0.003 ±0.003 ±0.010 ±0.006 Resolution function ±0.013 ±0.005 ±0.004 ±0.003 ±0.007 ±0.004 KKKs + f
0Ks bkg. +0.001 ±0.039
-0.084 Sum +0.09 ±0.07 ±0.05 ±0.04 ±0.05 ±0.04 -0.11
KS 'KS KKK
S
Systematics are small and well understood from b ccs studies.
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Systematic UncertaintySystematic Uncertainty
Sources NS NS
E peak position 0.03 0.04
E width 0.62 0.45
Mbc peak position 0.04 0.04
Mbc width 0.69 0.67
Rare B (+0) 0.99 1.33
Total 3.34 3.43
Sources Eff Eff
Fitting 5.3% 6.1%
0 efficiency 7.0% 7.0%
MDLR selection 2.0% 2.0%
Luminosity 0.5% 0.5%
Total % 9.5%
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M() DistributionM() Distribution
M() [GeV/c2]
Fit to -mass is pretty good
– M() can be fitted by -mass distribution well.– 13D2 J/ is forbidden by isospin conservation rule.
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Constraint on Constraint on
0 0A A
00A
1
2A
1
2A
00A2
Amp(B )Amp(B )Amp(B )Amp(B )Amp(B )Amp(B )
AA
0A
0A
00A
00A
0 00 2 012
0 2
( )cos 2
1
B B B B B
B B A
0 00 2 012
0 2
( )cos 2
1
B B B B B
B B A
( )ij i jB Br B
• B0/B = 1.04• B00/B = 0.39• A = 0.57
Using Our Results
eff2 2| | | | 44.0 (90%C.L.) eff2 2| | | | 44.0 (90%C.L.)
Belle PreliminaryBelle Preliminary
M.Gronau et al., Phys. Lett. B 514, 315 (2001).