TBIS 4210‐3:2016 

 

Taiwan Bicycle Industry Standard

TBIS

4210-3

First edition

2016.01.01

Cycles—Safetyrequirementsforbicycles—

Part3:Commontestmethods

Reference number:

TBIS 4210-3:2015 (FDTS)

TBIS 4210‐3:2016 

 

Contents Page

Foreword ...........................................................................................................................................................................................iii

Introduction........................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ..................................................................................................................................................................1

2 Normativereferences ...................................................................................................................................1

3 Termsanddefinitions ..................................................................................................................................1

4 Testmethods ....................................................................................................................................................14.1 Braketestsandstrengthtests ......................................................................................................................14.2 Frontmudguardtestmethods .....................................................................................................................24.3 Roadtestonafullyassembledbicycletestmethods .........................................................................44.4 Durabilitytestofmarking .............................................................................................................................44.5 Fatiguetest ..........................................................................................................................................................44.6 Fatiguetestforcompositecomponents ...................................................................................................44.7 Impacttest ...........................................................................................................................................................44.8 Plastic material test ambient temperature   .................................................................... 4 

AnnexA(informative)Structuralintegrityofthefullyassembledbicycle .............................................................5

AnnexB(informative)Verificationoffree‐fallvelocity .....................................................................................................7

Bibliography ..................................................................................................................................................................8

TBIS 4210‐3:2016 

iii  

Foreword

Taiwan Bicycle Industry Standard (TBIS) is approved and announced by Taiwan Bicycle Association

(TBA). The preparatory work of "Taiwan Bicycle Industry Standard" is carried out by the technical expert

committee from TBIS. When TBA members are interested in the related standard that has been announced,

and after they are approved by the R&D and patent committee of TBA, they will become the member of the

technical expert committee of TBIS. TBA and Cycling & Health Tech Industry R&D Center (CHC) are in

close cooperation to handle all matters applied and established by TBIS.

The structure, establishing process and revising of this standard should be proposed to and get determined by

the R&D and Patent Committee of TBA. This standard is implemented after the announcement of TBA.

Please be aware, some part of this document may involve patent rights. TBIS has no legal obligation to mark

out where all or part of the patent is involved.

TBIS 4210‐3:2016 

iv  

Backgrounddescription:

After 2015, The International Organization for Standardization 4210: 2014 (ISO 4210:2014) will

be the most commonly used safety standard in global bicycle industry. Although ISO 4210 is not a

mandatory inspection standard in various economic markets, they are still requesting their bicycle

products suppliers to follow the basis of ISO 4210 safety requirements. However, this phenomenon

represents that they are unable to differentiate the quality and grade differences between bicycles

and spare parts. In order to keep up the competitiveness of our bicycle industry in the international

market, the technical expert committee of TBIS uses ISO 4210 as their investigation basis and

propose a higher level of product safety and standard service, to establish TBIS especially for this

purpose. To highlight on the quality, performance and reliability of those components that has

passed TBIS inspection, which have already exceeded the international standard. In the meantime,

TBIS is developing on the safety standard and testing technology on those bicycle parts that are

excluded in ISO 4210, to ensure the product and identify the differences between product

performance, which has become an important reference to drive the improvement on Taiwan

bicycle industry Research & Design units.

EstablishmentHistory

1st: [TBIS General Meeting (rev. NP) Discussion] Total 13 companies and 18 industry experts

participate, 2015.06.25.

2nd: [TBIS Working Draft (rev. WD) Discussion] Total 13 companies and 18 industry experts

participate, 2015.06.25.

3rd: [TBIS Committee Draft (rev.CD) Discussion] Total 14 companies and 22 industry experts

participate, 2015.07.21.

4th: [TBIS Enquiry stage (rev. DTS) Discussion] Total 15 companies and 19 industry experts

participate, 2015.09.02.

5th: [TBIS Approval Stage (rev. FDTS) Discussion] Total 17 companies and 19 industry experts

participate, 2015.10.28.

6th: [TBIS Subject Meeting] Total 17 companies and 19 industry experts participate, 2015.10.28.

TBIS 4210‐3:2016 

v  

Introduction

The purpose of this TBIS  is to build the world's  leading bicycle  industry standards and norms bicycle manufacturing  process  to  ensure  product  safety  and  external  benefits  effectively  (including announcing  internationally, producing high‐valued products, and  leading the R&D of bicycle  industry, etc.), highlighting  the product  inspected by TBIS  is  in compliance with a higher  safety  requirement. While riding the bicycle on public roads, the laws and regulations of the country will be applicable. TBIS 4210 consists of the following parts, under the general title Cycles— Safety requirements forbicycles:

— Part1:Termsanddefinitions

— Part2:Requirementsforcityandtrekking,youngadult,mountainandracingbicycles

— Part3:Commontestmethods

— Part4:Brakingtestmethods

— Part5:Steeringtestmethods

— Part6:Frameandforktestmethods

— Part7:Wheelsandrimstestmethods

— Part8:Pedalsanddrivesystemtestmethods

— Part9:Saddlesandseat‐posttestmethods

TBIS 4210‐3:2016 

vi  

Reference

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this

documentandareindispensable for its application. For dated references, only the

edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced

document(includinganyamendments)applies. ISO4210‑1,Cycles —Safety requirements for bicycles —Part 1: Terms and definitions

ISO4210‑3:2014,Cycles —Safety requirements for bicycles —Part 3: Common test

methods

ISO4210‑4:2014,Cycles —Safety requirements for bicycles —Part 4: Braking test

methods

ISO4210‑5:2014,Cycles —Safety requirements for bicycles —Part 5: Steering test

methods

ISO4210‑6:2014,Cycles —Safety requirements for bicycles —Part 6: Frame and fork

test methods

ISO4210‑7:2014,Cycles —Safety requirements for bicycles —Part 7: Wheel and rim test

methods

ISO4210‑8:2014,Cycles —Safety requirements for bicycles —Part 8: Pedal and drive

system test methods

ISO4210‑9:2014,Cycles —Safety requirements for bicycles —Part 9: Saddle and seat-

post test methods

ISO5775‑1,Bicycle tyres and rims — Part 1: Tyre designations and dimensions

ISO5775‑2,Bicycle tyres and rims — Part 2: Rims

 

TBIS4210‐3:2016

1

Cycles—Safetyrequirementsforbicycles—

Part3:Commontestmethods

1 Scope

ThispartofTBIS4210specifiesthecommontestmethodsforTBIS4210‐2.

2 Normativereferences Thefollowingreferenceddocuments,inwholeorinpart,arenormativelyreferencedinthisdocumentandareindispensableforitsapplication.Fordatedreferences,onlytheeditioncitedapplies.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthereferenceddocument(includinganyamendments)applies.

TBIS4210‐1,Cycles—Safetyrequirementsforbicycles—Part1:Termsanddefinitions TBIS4210‐2:2016,Cycles—Safetyrequirementsforbicycles—Part2:Requirementsforcityandtrekking,youngadult,mountainandracingbicycles

TBIS4210‐4:2016,Cycles—Safetyrequirementsforbicycles—Part4:Brakingtestmethods

3Termsanddefinitions

Forthepurposesofthisdocument,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninTBIS4210‐1apply.

4 Testmethods 4.1 Braketestsandstrengthtests

4.1.1 Definitionofbraketests

Braketeststowhichaccuracyrequirementsapply,asin4.1.4,arethosespecifiedinTBIS4210‐2:2016,4.6.3to4.6.6,TBIS4210‐4:2016,4.2,andTBIS4210‐4:2016,4.6.3.3.

4.1.2 Definitionofstrengthtests

Strengthteststowhichaccuracyrequirementsapply,asin4.1.4,arethoseinvolvingstatic,impact,orfatigueloadingasspecifiedinTBIS4210‐2:2016,4.7to4.13,TBIS4210‐2:2014,4.16,andTBIS4210‐2:2016,4.20.2.

4.1.3 Numbersandconditionofspecimensforthestrengthtests

Ingeneral,forstatic,impact,andfatiguetests,eachtestshallbeconductedonanewtestsample,butifonlyonesampleisavailable,itispermissibletoconductallofthesetestsonthesamesamplewiththesequenceoftestingbeingfatigue,static,andimpact.

Whenmorethanonetestisconductedonthesamesample,thetestsequenceshallbeclearlyrecordedinthetestreportorrecordoftesting.Itshouldbenotedthatifmorethanonetestisconductedonthesamesample,earliertestscaninfluencetheresultsofsubsequenttests.Also,ifasamplefailswhenithasbeensubjectedtomorethanonetest,adirectcomparisonwithsingletestingisnotpossible.

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TBIS4210‐3:2016

Inallstrengthtests,specimensshallbeinthefullyfinishedcondition.

4.1.4 Accuracytolerancesoftestconditionsforbraketestsandstrengthtests

Unlessstatedotherwise,accuracytolerancesbasedonthenominalvaluesshallbeasfollows.

Forcesandtorques0/+5% Massesandweights ±1%

Dimensions ±1mm

Angles ±1°

Timeduration ±5s

Temperatures±2°C

Pressures±5%

4.2 Frontmudguardtestmethods

4.2.1 Frontmudguardwithstaystestmethods

4.2.1.1 Stage1:Testmethod—Tangentialobstruction

Inserta12‐mm‐diametersteel rodbetween the spokes, incontactwith therimandbelowthe frontmudguard stays as shown inFigure1, and rotate thewheel to apply a tangentiallyupward forceof160N,againstthefrontmudguardstays;maintainthisforcefor1min.

Removetherodanddeterminewhetherornotthewheelisfreetorotateandwhetherornotanydamagetothefrontmudguardadverselyaffectswheelrotation(blockingofthewheel)andthesteering.

Figure1—Frontmudguard—Tangentialobstructiontest

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TBIS 4210-3:2016

4.2.1.2 Stage2:Testmethod—Radialforce

Pressthefrontmudguardatadistanceof20mmfromitsfreeend(nottakingtheflapintoconsideration)with a 20‐mm‐diameter, flat‐ended tool radially towards the tyrewith a force of 80N as shown inFigure2.

Figure2—Frontmudguard—Radialforcetest

Dimensionsinmillimetres

4

TBIS4210‐3:2016

Whiletheforceismaintained,rotatethewheelmanuallyinthedirectionofforwardmovementofthebicycleanddeterminewhetherornotthewheelisfreetorotate,andwhetherornotanydamagetothefrontmudguardadverselyaffectswheelrotation(blockingofthewheel)andthesteering.

4.2.2 Frontmudguardwithoutstaystestmethods

Pressthefrontmudguardatadistanceof20mmfromitsfreeendwitha20‐mm‐diameter,flat‐endedtoolradiallytowardsthetyrewithaforceof80NasshowninFigure2.

Whiletheforceismaintained,rotatethewheelmanuallyinthedirectionofforwardmovementofthebicycleanddeterminewhetherornotthefrontmudguardisrolledupthewheel,andwhetherornotanydamagetothefrontmudguardadverselyaffectswheelrotation(blockingofthewheel)orobstructsthesteering.Contactbetweentyreandmudguardisallowed.

4.3 Roadtestonafullyassembledbicycletestmethods

First,checkandadjust,ifnecessary,eachbicycleselectedfortheroadtesttoensurethatthesteeringandwheelsrotatefreelywithoutslacknessandthatbrakesarecorrectlyadjustedanddonotimpedewheelrotation.Checkandadjustwheelalignmentand, ifnecessary, inflate tyres to themaximuminflationpressure.Checkandcorrect,ifnecessary,transmission‐chainadjustment,andcheckanygearcontrolsforcorrectandfreeoperation.

Carefullyadjustthesaddleandhandlebarpositionstosuittherider. ThetestshallbecarriedoutwiththepermissibletotalweightspecifiedbythemanufacturerinTBIS4210‐2:2016,Clause5itemh).Ensurethatthebicycleisriddenforatleast1km.

4.4 Marking test 4.4.1 Durability test of marking

Rub the marking by hand for 15 s with a piece of cloth soaked in water and again for 15 s with a piece of cloth soaked in petroleum spirit.

4.4.2 Safety requirement of marking The paint component should meet the requirements of RoHS.

4.5 Fatiguetest Theforceforfatiguetestsistobeappliedandreleasedprogressively,nottoexceed10Hz.Thetightnessoffastenersaccordingtomanufacturer’srecommendedtorquecanbere‐checkednotlaterthan1000testcyclestoallowfortheinitialsettlingofthecomponentassembly.(Thisisconsideredapplicabletoallcomponents,wherefastenersarepresentforclamping.)Thetestbenchshallbequalifiedtomeetthedynamicrequirementsof4.1.4.

NOTE ExamplesofsuitablemethodsarelistedinReference[1].

4.6 Fatiguetestforcompositecomponents

For fatigue test for composite components, the initial value of displacement (peak‐to‐peak value) istakenafter1000cyclesandbefore2000cycles.

4.7 Impacttest

Forallverticalimpacttests,thestrikershallbeguidedinsuchawaythattheefficiencywillpermittoreachatleast95%ofthefree‐fallvelocity.

NOTE SeeAnnexB.

4.8 Plasticmaterialtestambienttemperature

All strength tests involving any plasticmaterials shall be pre‐conditioned for 2 h and tested at anambienttemperatureof23°C±5°C.

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TBIS 4210-3:2016

AnnexA(informative)

Structuralintegrityofthefullyassembledbicycle

A.1 Requirement WhentestedbythemethoddescribedinA.2,thereshouldbenosystemorcomponentfailureandnolooseningormisalignmentofthesaddle,handlebar,controls,lightingequipment,orreflectors.

A.2 Machinetest

Mountafullyassembledbicycleonatestmachine.Thefollowingweightsshouldbeapplied: — one36kgweightwithapinforinsertionintheseat‐postanddividedintotwohalvestobehung,one

oneachside;

— two18kgweightswithfixturesforattachingthemtothecranksinplaceofthepedals;

— two6,75kgweightswithfixturesforattachingthemtoeachsideofthehandlebar;

— one10kg,18kg,or25kgweightwiththedimensions240mm×240mmontheluggagecarrier. AnexampleofatestarrangementisshowninFigureA.1,inwhichthebicycleismountedontwodrums.Thediameterofthedrumsshouldbeinarangefrom500mmto1000mm,andtheslotsshouldhaveawidthof50mm±2,5mm,athicknessof10mm±0,25mm,and45°chamferededgesofhalftheirthickness.Thecircumferentialspacingbetweenthecentrelinesoftwoconsecutiveslotsshouldbenotlessthan400mm.

Rotatethedrumstogivealinearsurfacespeedof8km/h(±10%)foraperiodof6h.

Thetyresofthebicycleshouldbeinflatedtothemaximuminflationpressure.

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TBIS4210‐3:2016

Key1 adjustableheight

2 weight,18kg

3 heightadjustable

4 drumdiameter,760mm

5 weight,6,75kg

6 weight,18kg

7 weight,6,75kg

8 weight,18kg

Dimensionsinmillimetres

FigureA.1—Dynamicstrengthtestonafullyassembledbicycle

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TBIS 4210-3:2016

AnnexB(informative)

Verificationoffree‐fallvelocity Forallverticalimpacttests,thestrikershallbeguidedinsuchawaythattheefficiencywillpermittoreachatleast95%ofthefree‐fallvelocity.

Thefree‐fallvelocityiscalculatedusingFormula(B.1):

v= 2gh (B.1) where

v isthefree‐fallvelocity(m/s);

g isthegravitationalacceleration(m/s2)(i.e.=9,80665m/s2);

h isthefallingheight(m). TheefficiencyisequaltoFormula(B.2)

µ = vi×100 (B.2)v

where

μ istheefficiency(%);

vi isthemeasuredspeedatimpact(m/s).

TBIS4210‐3:2016

Bibliography [1] ASTME467,StandardPracticeforVerificationofConstantAmplitudeDynamicForcesinan

AxialFatigueTestingSystem