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Tackling Climate Change in Bihar 1
Handbook - Bihar SAPCC
Tackling Climate Change in Bihar
August, 2017
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Bihar is situated at the eastern part of the
country, lying midway between humid West
Bengal in the east and sub-humid Uttar
Pradesh in the west. Bihar is located between
24°20’10” and 27°31’15”N latitude and
82°19’50” and 88°17’40”E longitude in the
and situated at about 52.73 m height above
sea level. Bihar has a monsoon climate with
an average annual rainfall of 1200 mm.
Tackling Climate Change in Bihar
The Bihar State Action Plan for Climate
Change (Bihar SAPCC) has been formulated
as a framework document with reference to the
contours of the National Action Plan for Climate
Change (NAPCC) of 2008. UNDP consultants
engaged by Ministry of Environment, Forests
and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), GoI,
steered and assisted in the preparation of the
Bihar SAPCC, from the first framework paper
in 2012 till the final version was drafted after a
consultative workshop in December 2014 and
adopted by the State Steering Committee in
January 2015. The SAPCC incorporated state-
specific parameters, aspects and factors in
profiling different climate change scenarios,
conducting vulnerability assessments and
identifying the strategic and programmatic
interventions and activities for adaptation and
mitigation (GoB, 2015). The National Steering
Committee endorsed the Bihar SAPCC in its
meeting held on 31st March 2015.
Bihar State Action Plan on Climate Change
Bihar is on an accelerated growth and development pathway, and in recent years, the state has received considerable attention nationally and internationally for its remarkable performance on the development front.
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41.4 percent of the population lives below the
poverty line in Bihar. As nine out of ten people
on the average live in the villages, poverty is
more visible in rural areas.
• Tmin increase of 0.6 to 1.50C in December-
January during 1971-2000 in different
pockets of Bihar
• Tmax decrease of -3.0 (Southwest) to -1.40C
(Northeast) in April-May during 1971-2000
• Tmin increase of 0.10C is observed in the
month of December during 1971-2000
• No significant change in June-July-August
(JJA) rainfall (cm) during 1871-2002
although decrease (southwest) or increase
of rainfall is observed in different pockets
• Future projected change in annual
temperature (0C) during 2011-2040 with
respect to 1961-1990 in RCPs of 8.5 shows
changes of 0.8-1.90C
• Future projected change in Tmin (0C) in
December-January during 2011-2040 with
respect to 1961-1990 shows changes of
0.2-1.00C
• The 5-10% change (positive or negative) in
mean JJA rainfall (cm) is noticed over Bihar
in RCPs of 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios
Climate trends Projections in Bihar
of the population lives below the poverty line in Bihar.
41.4%
The Bihar SAPCC assesses the future trends as follows:
How is Bihar combating climate change?
The Bihar state government has developed
the Bihar State Action Plan on Climate Change
(BSAPCC) in order to create an overarching
framework that can be used to respond to the
sector-specific climate change challenges.
The action plan focuses on seven key sectors
each with their own sector-specific plans:
Agriculture and animal husbandry
With sector plans which range from developing early warning forecasting
systems to increasing productivity
Water resources and disaster management
It includes the development of Bihar state water policy plus water and
wetland conservation on top priority. The sector also specifies Disaster
Risk Reduction (DRR) roadmap for disaster management in the state
Forests and biodiversity
It includes the management practices for forest and biodiversity through
multiple strategies and management practices
Urban development and transport
It includes the proper management of municipal solid waste, tracking
and controlling the vehicle pollution and upgrading the public transport
systems
Industries and mining
Bihar does not have large industries, but still the work includes the
reviews of policy and efforts to build the capacity of small and medium
sized enterprises.
Human health
It includes development of health roadmap and development of early
warning systems and health advisors for climate sensitive diseases and
improved infrastructures to reduce the impact of vector borne diseases
Energy
The main focus includes the development of non-conventional energy
sources i.e solar, wind and biomass energy
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Key Sectors for Interventions
Based on trends and projections, key
sectors, such as agriculture, water
resources, forests and biodiversity, energy,
infrastructure and health have been identified
for adaptation interventions and cross-
sectoral linkages have been established
for recommended actions. The actions can
broadly be classified across technological
interventions, economic interventions, policy
interventions, conservation efforts, knowledge
creation, capacity building initiatives and
recommendations.
Partnerships and Coordination Mechanism
• Identification of key players
• Identification of tools and criteria for decision making
• Setting up of coordination and collaboration structure
Climate Change Strategies
• Regional and sectoral analysis
• Identification and assessment of mitigation and adaptation actions
• Preparation for state environment report
• Climate change policy and investment roadmap
Common Framework Elements for Sectoral Implementation under the BSAPCC
Sector policy reviews
Sector climate vulnerability assessments
Sector public/community perceptions
documentation
Knowledge management
activities
Periodic consultations with civil society and
communities
Sector climate change impacts evidence base strengthening
Incorporation or poverty, equity, and livelihoodconcerns
Monitoring and evaluation
protocols
BSAPCC
Sectorprogrammes
under
Suggestions• Assess the drivers and implications of climate change through scientific research
• Prepare climate change assessments once every two years (greenhouse gas
estimations and impact of climate change, associated vulnerabilities and adaptation)
• Develop decision support systems
• Build capacity towards management of climate change related risks and opportunities
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Economic Share of SAPCC activities in Bihar (in Lakhs)
Linkages of SAPCC to other Developmental Agendas in Bihar
14981Agriculture
Animal Resources & Fisheries
Disaster Management
Water Resources
Forest
Transport
Industries
Health
Energy
U & D
43900
78913
64400
2190
3400
4450
340
587
425
Red
uctio
n Roadmap
Dis
aste
r Risk
Vision -2030
Bihar Vikas Mission
Agricultural
Roadmap
Sustai
nabl
e
Development R
oadm
ap
SAPCC
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Sector linkages of SAPCC activities in Bihar
Detailed vulnerability assessment across all focus sectors
Incorporation of climate change concerns into state disaster management plan
Documentation on community perceptions of climate change & impacts
Development & detailed reporting & M & E plan
Poverty, equity & livelihood study & strategy formulation
Agroforestry, integrated watershed management
Formulating of Urban sector roadmap incorporating climate concerns
Roadmap for sector climate change impacts evidence base strengthening and documentation
Climate risk assessment
SA
PC
C
For further information, contact:
Director, Ecology & Environment, Environment & Forest Department
Government of Bihar, Patna
AranyaBhawan, 2nd Floor, Riding Road, Shekhpura, P.O-Veterinary Collage, Patna-800014
To download Bihar’s full SAPCC report, go to:
https://tinyurl.com/y9ebdzeg