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Why all microscopes will soon be square.

Right now you have your choice oftwo different types of microscope:round or square.

And in the last year or so, yourchoice of "squares" has been increasing.

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microscopes. They've becomesophisticated systems. Today, ourOrthoplan for example, consists of over1,000 components and accessories.

As the demand for specializedoptions has increased, it has becomeincreasingly difficult to fit the flatsurfaces of the various components tothe curved microscope stand. A solutionhas been the "adapter." But this has onlybeen a short-range solution. And itcomplicates both fitting and maintenance.

In 1964, we took our first big steptowards a long-range solution to theproblem. It involved the introduction of acompletely niew design. A design thatused straight lines instead of curves.A design that substituted a systematicbuilding-block approach for the jury-rigengineering of the past.

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The old way: Use "adapters" to fitcomponents to curved stand.

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LETTERS

The Natural Way

That a plant grown "organically"will somehow be healthier because itwas nourished by animal manures in-stead of by manufactured anhydrousammonia is a silly argument, as wascorrectly pointed out by Hildebrand(Letters, 15 Sept., p. 944). However,Hildebrand's use of this nonsense as astraw man with which to impugn therationality of those who seek to restorethe chain of life from soil to producerto consumer and back again to the soilreflects a lack of ecological sophistica-tion.

Organic agriculture acknowledges theinterdependence of nature and the finiteresources of the spaceship Earth. Wecan continue to insult the ecosystemwith broad-spectrum pesticides andherbicides only with grave risk to thestability, also, of those portions of theenvironment which we parochially viewas "beneficial." The continued throwing.'away" of animal and vegetable mate-rials which we cannot utilize directlyboth exhausts the abilities of naturalsystems to recycle these residues within

A $4,000 ISCO high pressure liquid chro-matograph can give you separations andoperating convenience identical to practicallyany $9,000 fancy cabinet competitor. ISCOconstant flow 2,000 psi gradient or meteringpumps have absolutely pulseless, vibration-free single stroke piston construction. Youdon't have to settle for a gas pressure system(with you supplying the gas), or septum in-jection. The 6 port sample injection valvepermits rapid and reproducible sample in-troduction. Stainless steel columns have non-clogging supports and fittings with no deadvolume or mixing. The dual beam, high sensi-tivity UV photometer has seven absorbanceranges from 0.02A to 2.OA full scale, and in-stant wavelength selection of 254nm or280nm. The whole chromatograph as pic-tured-pump, column (unpacked), pho-tometer, 100" recorder, sample injection valve,degasser, and other hardware, costs under$4,2CO. Plug your present recorder into thephotometer and save $820; or add less than

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the very small disposal areas which weselect, with consequent pollution of landand water, and leads to further pollu-tion and waste of resources during themining, processing, and distribution ofartificial substitutes for the discardednatural nutrients.

Organic gardeners are aware, on apractical if not always on a theoretical,level that no amount of mineral saltswill increase the moisture-holding ca-pacity of a light soil or prevent laterali-zation in a clay soil. Organic materialsare necessary to maintain a favorablesoil structure and to buffer variationsin soil chemistry.

It is unlikely that the exploitation ofthe land by ever more ingenious meth-ods can sustain our species on a long-term basis. Organic agriculture seeks toreestablish the ethical concept ofstewardship of the land. In spite of thechimerical abstractions of Hildebrand,this is what it's all about.

JAMES HEDGES8218 Sherrill Street,Landover. Marvland 20785

Those for and against "organicgardening" both seem to be a bit con-fused as to exactly what they are argu-

$2,500 more to include a fraction collectorand electronic digital integrator. Many addi-tional features and options are available, alldescribed in our current catalog. Send foryour copy now. ___- D

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ing about. It is true that ammonia isammonia, no matter what its source. Ifyour soil tests as needing ammonia, byall means apply the synthetic if youwant to. However, it is scarcely debat-able that steer manure contains muchmore than ammonia. Furthermore, re-garding the take-up by a plant of thenuitritional elements from its soil, itsimply cannot pick up what isn't there.The most aggressive spinach root can-not dig more iron out of its environthan is already there, no matter howhighly that species is rated as an iron-bearing vegetable. (Not that spinach isall that great.) Commercial fertilizersare fine-as far as they go. However,thezir compilers might do. well to multi-ply the ingredients so as to cover themultitudinous requirements (not themerely "get-by needs") of fully healthyvegetation. Trace elements, for ex-ample, are now a fact of life. Soil analy-ses, and fertilizers-artificial or "natu-ral"-ought to take everything intoaccount.The chemical ingredients of foods

can be argued ad extremis and adinflammatorio (or whateveris), but onefact does firmly stand: foods truly, oreven halfheartedly, "'organically" growntaste so much better than ordinaryproducts that there is simply no com-parison.

KENNETH R. DEARDORF3613 Alberta Street,St. Lotuis, Missouri 63116

Fast Breeder Reactors

Allen L. Hammond's report (Newsand Comment, 28 Apr., p. 391) on thestudy (1) by T. B. Cochran of theLMFBR (liquid-metal fast breeder re-actor) program is provocative. I wouldlike to comment on five points men-tioned in Hammond's report: (i) the useof a 7 percent, rather than a 10 per-cent, discount factor; (ii) the demandfor electrical energy; (iii) the technicalperformance and cost of LMFBRplants; (iv) a crash program to build thebreeder; and (v) the amount of ura-

nium reserves.In most analyses, the discount factor

is selected to represent the value ofmoney. A 10 percent discount rate

might be appropriate for an analysis ina highly inflationary period or in a

period of capital shortage. The LMFBRcost-benefit analysis was based on the1970 dollar and a 7 percent discountrate. If a 10 percent discount rate were

SCIENCE, VOL. 178

L/C buyers tip:Dont pay $5000 for the cabinet

Circle No. 53 on Readers' Service Card

used with a 3 percent per annum in-flation factor, which may be a reason-able long-term rate, the results wouldbe much the same as those obtained bythe Atomic Energy Commission (AEC).Depending on the frame of refer-ence, even a 7 percent discount ratemight be based on some inflation.The present electrical utility discountrate is bets een 7 and 8 percent; thisinicludes some inflation effects.The estimate used by the AEC of

the demand for electricity of 10,000billion kilowatt-hours in the year 2000is not out of line vkith other estimates.A recent report by the National Acad-emy of Engineering (2) contains theprojection of 10,000 billion kilowatt-hours for the year 2000.

According to Hammond's report,Cochran believes that technical prob-lems and safety considerations are like-ly to result in LMFBR plant designswhich have poorer technical perform-ance and higher costs than those usedby the AEC in its cost-benefit study.Before commenting, 1 would like torepeat what every Science readerknows-the results of research anddevelopment are uncertain. Analysesof LMFBR plant benefits have beenmade at the Argonne National Labora-tory with different assumptions andwith somewhat different objectives fromthose made by the AEC. A numberof parameters were examined in theArgonne analyses, which centered abouta reference LMFBR plant that hadlower performance in terms of requiredplutonium inventory, a higher initialcapital cost differential (even higherthan Cochran's), and a longer cooling-off period for fuel than those of theAEC's plants. Cost escalation rates of1.5 to 4 percent with a 7 percent dis.count rate were used in various com-

ponents of the study. The main interestwas only for the year 2000, althoughsome results were carried through theyear 2020. For a fixed nuclear penetra-tion, the LMFBR benefits do start, butnot until about the year 2000. Also,the advent of the HTGR (high tem-perature gas reactor) delays those bene-fits. The study convinces me of theprobability of benefits from the LMFBRR & D effort.The article also states that there is a

crash program to build the breeder.Those who have been involved with thedevelopment of the breeder will attestthat there is no crash program; the firstexperimental breeder began operationin 1951. Subsequent and ever increas-ing breeder developments in the United22 DECEMBER 1972

States and abroad are well documented.John Kenneth Galbraith (3) points outthat the time span from the beginningto completion of any task increases asmore sophisticated technology is in-volved and that the commitments oftime and money for' the task tend tobecome inflexible. We are seeing thiswith the development of the breeder.With the present level of effort, someelectric utility companies may decide inthe 1980's that commercial LMFBRplants starting operation in the 1990'sare their lowest cost alternative.

The cost of available uranium re-serves as a function of tonnage was aprime variable in the Argonne study,which indicated that following theLMFBR path may require from 3 to4 million tons of uranium oxide. Thestudy also showed that, with no increasein the uranium oxide real cost withtonnage, the breeder has no net bene-fits. Should we delay the breeder untilwe prove the cost and availability ofuranium oxide within the United Statesand examine other alternatives? Con--sidering the present energy situationand the future energy needs, I say no.We can analyze alternatives withouthalting the breeder.

K. A. HUBSpecial Reactor Stuidies Groutp,Argonnie Nationtal Lahoratoty.Argonne. illinois 60439

References

1. T. B. Cochran, "An Economic and Environ-mental Analysis of an Early U.S. Commit-ment to the Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Re-actor," to be published.

2. Committee on Power Plant Siting, Enigineeringfor the Resolution of the Energy-EnvironnientDilenuinia (National Academy of Engineering.Washington, D.C., 1972).

3. J. K. Galbraith, The New Industrial State(Houughton Mifflin, Boston, 1967).

Technology Assessment

Robert Gillette's commentary (Newsand Comment, 6 Oct., p. 41) on the billestablishing the Office of TechnologyAssessment opened with the observa-tion that this was a proposal which'languished in congressional backroomsfor the better part of a decade...The technology assessment concept was

some years in the making. The bill toestablish the Office of Technology As-sessment was first introduced in April1970.

PHIlLII' B. YEAGERCommittee on Science anidAstronautics, Houtse of Representatives.Washington. D.C. 20515

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solving problems in this manner.Naftalin adds that he thinks some of

the rivalries between the basic sciencecommunity, the engineers, and othergroups will ultimately be broken downthrough exposure, as they were, heclaims, in the summer panel workshops."If you put a Berkeley political scien-tist in the same room with a retiredG.E. vice president for 3 days, some-thing's got to give," he says. BothNaftalin and Wenk point out that theindividuals involved in the study, whomight have been expected to take die-hard positions that RANN threatenedthe health of NSF and of basic univer-sity research, did not do so. And RANNchief Joel Snow points out that the Na-tional Science Board, which had ex-pressed sharp concerns over RANN anda year ago was supervising every awardof $5000 on up by RANN, has nowrelaxed, and reviews RANN only ona program-by-program basis. Evidently,then, the originators and authors ofthe study feel that the schisms whichRANN has in the past revealed, can bemended. In the meantime, as far asCOPEP's endorsement of the RANNprogram goes, the sky is the limit.

-DEBORAH SHAPLEY

R{ECENT DEATHS

Willy E. Baensch, 79; professor emer-itus of radiology, Georgetown Univer-sity Medical Center; 1 November.

Lewis N. Brown, 81; former pro-fessor of pharmacy, Columbia Univer-sity; 20 October.

Lawrence N. Canjar, 49; dean, Col-lege of Engineering, University of De-troit; 6 November.Hans T. Clarke, 84; former professor

of biochemistry, Columbia University;21 October.

Ross M. Coxe, 50; professor of edu-cation, University of South Carolina;17 October.W. Gayle Crutchfield, 72; professor

emeritus of neurological surgery, Uni-versity of Virginia; 31 October.Con Fenning, 67; former professor

of physiology, University of Utah; 14October.

Joe M. Hopping, 41; dean, Gradu-ate School, Central Missouri State Uni-versity; 15 September.

Richard L. Huntington, 76; researchprofessor emeritus of chemical engi-

neering, University of Oklahoma; 9October.

Walter R. Kirner, 77; former direc-tor of chemistry, National ScienceFoundation; 7 October.

G. David Koch, 69; former professorof geography, Indiana State University;18 September. NSolomon Lefschetz, 88; professor

emeritus of mathematics, PrincetonUniversity; 5 October.

Robert H. MacArthur, 42; professorof biology, Princeton University; 1November.Harlow Shapley, 86; professor emer-

itus of astronomy, Harvard Universityand former president, American As-sociation for the Advancement ofScience; 20 October.John E. Walsh, 53; professor of sta-

tistics, Southern Methodist University;24 August.

Robert C. Williamson, 84; professoremeritus of physics, University ofFlorida; 4 September.

Richard J. Winzler, 57; professorof chemistry, Florida State University;28 September.John D. Withers, 50; zoologist and

assistant director, American Instituteof Biological Sciences; 30 September.

RESEARCH NEWS

Fuel Cells: Dispersed Generation of ElectricityThe fuel cell was

discovered by Sir Wil-ENERGY liam Grove in 1839,

but it remained littlemore than a scientific

curiosity until the first practical fuelcell was demonstrated 120 years laterby Francis T. Bacon and J. C. Frostof Cambridge University. Since thatdemonstration, fuel cells have beenwidely used in the space program, buttheir high cost has effectively precludedtheir use as earthbound power sources.Only recently has it begun to seemlikely that the cost problems couldbe overcome and that fuel cells couldbe commercially viable within thisdecade.The road to viability has been a

strange one. The euphoria of the spaceprogram attracted a number of com-panies into fuel cell development, butdisillusionment set in rapidly. It is com-22 DECEMBER 1972

paratively easy to produce electricityefficiently and for long periods of timewhen money is no object; it is farharder, they found, to do it when thatelectricity must compete economicallywith the relatively cheap product oflarge commercial generators.The federal government, further-

more, provided fuel cell research fundsalmost exclusively for space and mili-tary applications, and even those fundsdropped from nearly $16 million in1963 to about $3 million in 1970. Un-willing or unable to assume the sub-stantial investment required for com-mercialization, companies that had soeagerly rushed into fuel cell develop-ment quietly abandoned their researchprograms or reduced them to tokenoperations. At present, only one com-pany is actively pursuing a full-scalecommercial fuel cell program-thePratt & Whitney Aircraft division of

United Aircraft Corporation, EastHartford, Connecticut.

Pratt & Whitney did have some helpthough. The natural gas industry hassupported its effort because fuel cellsseem to present an attractive, envi-ronmentally sound way to obtain apremium rate of return on natural gassales by upgrading the gas to electricity.The electrical industry has also pro-vided support because fuel cells promiseto be small, clean power sources thatcan be quickly installed throughout itsdistribution systems to supplement cen-tral power stations without objectionsfrom residents or ecologists.To date, 43 U.S. and three foreign

utilities and Pratt & Whitney have in-vested more than $50 million to provethe technical feasibility of commercialfuel cells. Roughly twice that amountis expected to be invested by the samegroups during the next 3 years in an

1273

Books Received

Analog Integrated Circuit Design. AlanB. Grebene. Van Nostrand Reinhold, NewYork, 1972. xiv, 394 pp., illus. $18.95.Microelectronics Series.

Analytical Models for Urban and Re-gional Planning. Ian Masser. Wiley, NewYork, 1972. 164 pp., illus. $12.50.Annual Review of Astronomy and

Astrophysics. Vol. 10. Leo Goldberg,David Layzer, and John G. Phillips, Eds.Annual Reviews, Palo Alto, Calif., 1972.x, 514 pp., illus. $10.

Anxiety. Current Trends in heory andResearch. Vol. 1. A symposium, Tallahas-see, Fla., spring 1970. Charles D. Spiel-berger, Ed. Academic Press, New York,1972. xvi, 238 pp., illus., + index. $11.95.APLET Yearbook of Educational and

Instructional Technology 1972/73. A. J.Romiszowski, Ed. Wiley, New York, 1972.viii, 414 pp., illus. $11.75.

Applications of Number Theory toNumerical Analysis. Applications de laTheorie des Nombres 'a 'Analyse Nu-merique. Proceedings of a symposium,Montreal, Sept. 1971. S. K. Zaremba,Ed. Academic Press, New York, 1972. xiv,490 pp., illus. $16.Armed and Alone. The American Secu-

rity Dilemma. Dean Wm. Rudoy. Brazil-ler, New York, 1972. 96 pp. Cloth, $4.95;paper, $1.95.

Aspects of Medical Education in Devel-oping Countries. Selected papers from a

conference, Teheran, Iran, Dec. 1970.D. S. Ali and seven others. World HealthOrganization, Geneva, 1972 (U.S. distribu-tor, American Public Health Association,Washington, D.C.). 116 pp. Paper, $2.Public Health Papers, No. 47.

Atmospheric Optics. Vol. 2. Nikolai B.Divari, Ed. Translated from the Russianedition (Moscow, 1970) by Frank L. Sin-clair. Consultants Bureau, New York,1972. vi, 164 pp., illus. Paper, $27.50.Bibliography of the Histbry of Elec-

tronics. George Shiers assisted by MayShiers. Scarecrow, Metuchen, N.J., 1972.xiv, 324 pp. $8.50.

Biology and Culture in Modern Per-spective. Readings from Scientific Ameri-can. Introductions by Joseph G. Jorgensen.Freeman, San Francisco, 1972. x, 442 pp.,illus. Cloth, $12; paper, $5.95.The Biology of Lampreys. Vol. 2. M. W.

Hardisty and 1. C. Potter, Eds. AcademicPress, New York, 1972. xiv, 466 pp.,illus. $18.50.

Biology of Nematodes. Current Studies.Papers by R. Behme and others. MSSInformation Corp., New York, 1972. 220pp., illus. $15.The Collected Works of Leo Szilard.

Scientific Papers. Bernard T. Feld, Ger-trud Weiss Szilard, and Kathleen R.Winsor, Eds. M.I.T. Press, Cambridge,Mass., 1972. xxii, 738 pp., illus. $17.50.The Coming Clash. The Impact of

Multinational Corporations on NationalStates. Hugh Stephenson. Saturday Re-view Press, New York, 1972. viii, 186 pp.

$7.95.The Common Insects of North America.

Lester A. Swan and Charles S. Papp.Harper and Row, New York, 1972. xvi,750 pp. + plates. $15.

1278

Concise Color Encyclopedia of Nature.Michael Chinery. Crowell, New York,1972. 254 pp. $7.95.The Crust and Upper Mantle of the

Japanese Area. Part 1, Geophysics. Japa-nese National Committee for UpperMantle Project. University of TokyoEarthquake Research Institute, Tokyo,1972. x, 120 pp., illus.The Death of the Automobile. The

Fatal Effect of the Golden Era, 1955-1970. John Jerome. Norton, New York,1972. 288 pp., illus. $6.95.Designing Computers and Digital Sys-

tems. Using PDP16 Register TransferModules. C. Gordon Bell, John Grason,and Allen Newell with the assistance ofDaniel Siewiorek and Ross Scroggs. DigitalPress, Maynard, Mass., 1972. xiv, 446 pp.,illus. Paper, $3.95.

Diseases of Crop Plants. J. H. Western,Ed. Wiley, New York, 1972. xii, 404 pp.+ plates. $33.

Distributions in Statistics. ContinuousMultivariate Distributions. Norman L.Johnson and Samuel Kotz. Wiley, NewYork, 1972. xvi, 334 pp., illus. $17.95.Wiley Series in Applied Probability andStatistics.

Elucidation of Organic Structures byPhysical and Chemical Methods. Part 3.K. W. Bentley and G. W. Kirby, Eds.Wiley-Interscience, New York, ed. 2,1972. xvi, 416 pp., illus. $25. Techniquesof Chemistry, vol. 4.

Energy, Ecology, Economy. GeraldGarvey. Norton, New York. 1972. 236pp., illus. $8.95.

Forecasting for Management. WilliamK. Benton. Addison-Wesley, Reading,Mass., 1972. xii, 210 pp., illus. $9.50.

IV. Colloquium Pedobiologiae. Dijon,France, Sept. 1970. Institut National dela Recherche Agronomique, Paris, 1971.590 pp., illus. Paper, 65 F. I.N.R.A.Publication 71-7.

Frederick Law Olmsted's New York.Elizabeth Barlow. Illustrative Portfolio byWilliam Alex. Whitney Museum of Ameri-can Art, New York; Praeger, New York,1972. 174 pp. $12.50.

Frontiers in Comparative Medicine.W. I. B. Beveridge. University of Minne-scta Press, Minneapolis, 1972. 104 pp.$4.75. Wesley W. Spink Lectures onComparative Medicine, vol. 1.Handbook of Psychophysiology. Nor-

man S. Greenfield and Richard A. Stern-bach, Eds. Holt, Rinehar,t and Winston,New York, 1972. xii, 1012 pp., illus.$25.95.

Hodgkin's Disease. Henry S. Kaplan.Harvard University Press, Cambridge,Mass., 1972. xiv, 452 pp., illus. $16.50.A Commonwealth Fund Book.Homo sapiens. From Man to Demigod.

Bernhard Rensch. Translated from theGerman edition by C. A. M. Sym. Co-lum-bia University Press, New York, 1972.x, 228 pp., illus. $10.

Infrared and Raman Selection for Mo-lecular and Lattice Vibrations. The Cor-relation Method. William G. Fateley,Francis R. Dollish, Neil T. McDevitt,and Freeman F. Bentley. Wiley-lnter-science, New York, 1972. x, 222 pp.,illus. $12.95.

Insect Sex Pheromones. Martin Jacob-

son. Academic Press, New York, 1972.xii, 382 pp., illus. $22.50.

International Review of Cytology. Vol.33. G. H. Bourne, J. F. Danielli, andK. W. Jeon, Eds. Academic Press, NewYork, 1972. x, 370 pp., illus. $19.50.

International Symposium, BiologicalAspects of Alcohol Consumption. Helsinki,Finland, Sept. 1971. Olof Forsander andKalervo Eriksson, Eds. Finnish Founda-tion for Alcohol Studies, Helsinki, 1972(U.S. distributor, Rutgers University Cen-ter of Alcohol Studies, New Brunswick,N.J.). 294 pp., illus. $7.50. The FinnishFoundation for Alcohol Studies, vol. 20.

Interorganizational Decision Making.Matthew Tuite, Roger Chisholm, andMichael Radnor, Eds. Aldine, Chicago,1972. xviii, 298 pp., illus. $12.95.The Interpersonal Basis of Psychiatric

Nursing. A. H. Chapman and Elza M.Almeida. Putnam, New York, 1972. x,598 pp., illus. $12.50.An Introduction to Computer Simula-

tion in Applied Science. Farid F. Abrahamand William A. Tiller, Eds. Plenum, NewYork, 1972. xiv, 220 pp., illus. $14.50.

Introduction to the Theory of NormalMetals. A. A. Abrikosov. Translated byAlexis Baratoff. Academic Press, NewYork, 1972. xii, 294 pp., illus. $16.50.Solid State Physics, vol. 12.

Ion Implantation. A conference, Thou-sand Oaks, Calif., May 1970. Fred H.Eisen and Lewis T. Chadderton, Eds.Gordon and Breach, New York, 1972.xii, 468 pp., illus. $22.50.

Isotopes and Radiation in Biology. C. C.Thornburn. Wiley, New York, 1972. viii,288 pp., illus. $11.75.Language Comprehension and the

Acquisition of Knowledge. John B. Carrolland Roy 0. Freedle, Eds. Winston, Wash-ington, D.C., 1972 (distributed by Wiley,New York). xvi, 380 pp., illus. $12.95.Macromolecular Syntheses. A Periodic

Publication of Methods for the Prepara-tion of Macromolecules. Vol. 4. WilliamJ. Bailey, Ed. Wiley, New York, 1972.x, 200 pp., illus. $14.95.Man and Computer. Proceedings of a

conference, Bordeaux, France, June 1970.M. Marois, Ed. Karger, Basel, 1972 (U.S.distributor, Phiebig, White Plains, N.Y.).xxx, 394 pp., illus. $40.60.Man and the Computer. John G.

Kemeny. Scribner, New York, 1972. viii,152 pp., illus. $6.95.Maps. A Historical Survey of Their

Study and Collecting. R. A. Skelton. Uni-versity of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1972.xviii, 138 pp., illus. $5.95.The Marvels of Animal Behavior. Na-

tional Geographic Society, Washington,D.C., 1972. 422 pp., illus. $12.95.

Mathematical Thought from Ancient toModern Times. Morris Kline. OxfordUniversity Press, New York, 1972, xviii,1238 pp., illus. $35.

Matters of Fact. Aspects of Non-Fictionfor Children. Margery Fisher. Crowell,New York, 1972. 488 pp., illus. $11.95.Membrane Research. Proceedings of a

symposium, Squaw Valley, Calif., Mar.1972. C. Fred Fox, Ed. Academic Press,New York, 1972. xxiv, 501 pp., illus.$14.50.

Metallurgical Chemistry. Proceedings of

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a symposium, Uxbridge and Teddington,England, July 1971. 0. Kubasohewski, Ed.Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.1972. xviii, 682 pp., illus. £5.50.Methods in Cyclc Nucleotide Research.

Mark Chasin, Ed. Dekker, New York,1972. xiv, 316 pp., illus. $17.50. Methodsin Molecular Biology, vol. 3.

Moral Values and the Superego Con-cept in Psychoanalysis. Seymour C. Post,Ed. International Universities Press, NewYork, 1972. x, 502 pp. $15.

Natural History of Infectious Disease.Macfarlane Burnet and David 0. White.Cambridge University Press, New York,ed. 4, 1972. x, 278 pp., illus. Cloth,$14.50; paper, $3.95.The Neuroses. A Psychoanalytic Survey.

P. C. Kuiper. International UniversitiesPress, New York, 1972. vi, 262 pp. $9.The New Outline of Science. David

Dietz. Dodd Mead, New York, 1972.xii, 496 pp., illus. $17.50.NMR. Basic Principles and Progress.

Vol. 7. P. Diehl, E. Fluck, and R. Kosfeld,Eds. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1972.vi, 154 pp., illus. $24.80.Nonaqueous Electrolytes Handbook.

Vol. 1. G. J. Janz and R. P. T. Tomkins.Academic Press, New York, 1972. xiv,1108 pp. $55.The Nuclear-Power Rebellion. Citizens

vs. the Atomic Industrial Establishment.Richard S. Lewis. Viking, New York,1972. 314 pp. $8.95.Numerical Methods for Unconstrained

Optimization. A conference, Teddington,England, Jan. 1971. W. Murray, Ed.Academic Press, New York, 1972. xii,144 pp., illus. $8.95.

Olfaction and Taste IV. Proceedings ofa symposium, Starnberg, Germany, Aug.1971. Dietrich Schneider, Ed. Wissen-schaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart,1972. xii, 400 pp., illus. Paper, 94 DM.The Optics of Rays, Wavefronts, and

Caustics. 0. N. Stavrondis. AcademicPress, New York, 1972. xvi, 316 pp.,illus. $18. Pure and Applied Physics,vol. 38.Organ Regeneration in Animals. Re-

covery of Organ Regeneration Ability inAnimals. L. V. Polezhaev. Thomas, Spring-field, Ill., 1972. x, 190 pp., illus. :$14.American Lecture Series, No. 821.The Origin of the Chemical Elements.

R. J. Tayler. Wykeham, London; Springer-Verlag, New York, 1972. x, 170 pp., illus.Paper, $6.50. Wykeham Science Series.The Origins of Civilization. Carroll L.

Riley. Southern Illinois University Press,Carbondale, 1972. xii, 242 pp., illus.Paper, $2.65. Reprint of the 1969 edition.Our Tool-Making Society. Irene Taviss.

Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.,1972. xiv, 146 pp. Cloth, $5.95; paper,$1.95.The Panamic Biota. Some Observations

Prior to a Sea-Level Canal. A symposium,Washington, D.C., Mar. 1970. MeredithL. Jones, Ed. Biological Society of Wash-ington, Washington, D.C., 1972. viii, 270pp., illus. Paper. Bulletin of the BiologicalSociety of Washington, No. 2.

Pathogenesis of the Avian Embryo. AnAnalysis of Causes of Malformations andPrenatal Death. Alexis L. Romanoff withthe collaboration of Anastasia J. Roman-22 DECEMBER 1972

off. Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1972.xvi, 476 pp., illus. $22.50.

Perspectives on Human Evolution 2.S. L. Washburn and Phyllis Dolhinow,Eds. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, NewYork, 1972. xvi, 492 pp., illus. Paper,$5.50.

Phallos. A Symbol and Its History inthe Male World. Thorkil Vanggaard.Translated from the Danish edition (1969)by the author. International Universi,tiesPress, New York, 1972. 208 pp. + plates.$9.

Photosynthesis and Nitrogen Fixation.Part B. Anthony San Pietro, Ed. Aca-demic Press, New York, 1972 xviii, 526pp., illus. $23.50. Methods in Enzymolo-gy, vol. 24.

Physiological Effects of Noise. AnAAAS symposium, Boston, Dec. 1969.Bruce L. Welch and Annemarie S. Welch,Eds. Plenum, New York, 1970. xviii,366 pp., illus. $15.

Physiology of the Auditory System.Proceedings of a workshop, Baltimore,June 1971. Murray B. Sachs, Ed. NationalEducational Consultants, Baltimore, 1972.xxii, 394 pp., illus. $18.50.

Polls. Their Use and Misuse in Politics.Charles W. Roll, Jr., and Albert H.Cantril. Basic Books, New York, 1972.xiv, 178 pp., illus. $6.95.

Principles of Biological Control. DavidF. Horrobin. Medical and Technical,Aylesbury, England, 1970 (U.S. distrib-utor, Washington Square East, Walling-ford, Pa.). x, 70 pp., illus. $3.50.

Proceedings of the Sixth Berkeley Sym-posium on Mathematical Statistics andProbability. June 1970. Vol. 2, ProbabilityTheory. Lucien M. Le Cam, Jerzy Ney-man, and Elizabeth L. Scott., Eds. Uni-versity of California Press, Berkeley, 1972.1, 606 pp. $22.50.

Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Reso-nance Spectroscopy. Vol. 8. J. W. Emsley,J. Feeney, and L. H. Sutcliffe, Eds. Per-gamon, New York, 1972. viii, 280 pp.,illus. $2 1.The Psychoanalytic Forum. Vol. 4.

John A. Lindon, Ed. International Univer-sities Press, New York, 1972. xii, 460 pp.$15.The Psychology of Consciousness.

Robert E. Ornstein. Freeman, San Fran-cisco, 1972. xiv, 248 pp., illus. Paper,$3.50. A Series of Books in Psychology.

Psychoanalytic Studies of the Sightedand the Blind. Dorothy Burlingham. Inter-national Universities Press, New York,1972. viii, 396 pp. $15.Public Expectations and Health Care.

Essays on the Changing Organizations ofHealth Services. David Mechanic. Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1972. xii, 314 pp.$12.95.

Puzzles for Pleasure. E. R. Emmet.Emerson Books, New York, 1972. x,310 pp., illus. $6.95.Quantum Mechanics. Donald Rapp.

Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York,xvi, 638 pp., illus. $15.

Reflections. Bio-psychological, Psycho-analytic, Philosophical, Socio-political,Aesthetic and Personal. Ross Thalheimer.Philosophical Library, New York, 1972.xii, 248 pp. $7.50.

Regression and the Moore-Penrose

Pseudoinverse. Arthur Albert. AcademicPress, New York, 1972. xiv, 180 pp.,$12.50. Mathematics in Science andEngineering, vol. 94.

Results and Problems in Celi Differen-tiation. A Series of Topical Volumes inDevelopmental Biology. J. Reinart, W.Beerman, and H. Ursprung, Eds. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1972. Vol. 3, NucleicAcid Hybridization in the Study of CellDifferentiation. H. Ursprung, Ed. xii, 76pp., illus. $11.50. Vol. 4, DevelopmentalStudies on Giant Chromosones. W. Beer-man, Ed. xvi, 228 pp., illus. $18.80. Vol.5, The Biology of Imaginal Disks. H.Ursprung and R. Nothiger, Eds. xviii,172 pp., illus. $14.60.Reverse Osmosis Membrane Research.

A symposium, Washington, D.C., Sept.1971. H. K. Lonsdale and H. E. Podall,Eds. Plenum, New York, 1972. xii, 504pp., illus. $27.50.RNA Viruses and Host Genome In

Oncogenesis. Proceedings of a conference,Amsterdam, May 1971. P. Emmelot andP. Bentvelzen, Eds. North-Holland, Am-sterdam; Elsevier, New York, 1972. xiv,380 pp., illus. $26.Rock Mechanics and Engineering.

Charles Jaeger. Cambridge UniversityPress, New York, 1972. x, 118 pp., illus.$35.

Social Exchange and Interaction. EdwinN. Wilmsen, Ed. University of Michigan,Ann Arbor, 1972. iv, 148 pp., illus. Paper,$3. Anthropological Papers, No. 46.

Soil Geography. J. G. Cruickshank.Wiley, New York, 1972. 256 pp., illus.$12.

Status of Immunization in Tuberculosisin 1971. A conference, Bethesda, Md.Oct. 1971. Earl C. Ohamberlayne, Ed.National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,Md., 1972 (available as DHEW Publica-tion No. (NIH) 72-68 from the Superin-tendent of Documents, Washington, D.C.).vi, 252 pp., illus. $3. Fogarty Interna-tional Center Proceedings, No. 14.Symposium on Mycotoxins in Human

Health. Proceedings of a symposium,Pretoria, South Africa, Sept. 1970. I. F. H.Purchase, Ed. Macmillan, London, 1971(U.S. distributor, Halsted [Wiley], NewYork). xxxiv, 306 pp. + plates. $27.50.

Systems of Ordinary Differential Equa-tions. An Introduction. Jack L. Goldbergand Arthur J. Schwartz. Harper and Row,New York, 1972. xvi, 316 pp., illus. $8.95.

Techniques of Electrochemistry. Vol. 1.Ernest Yeager and Alvin J. Salkind, Eds.Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1972. x,582 pp., illus. $27.95.Technology for Developing Nations.

New Directions for U.S. Technical As-sistance. Rutherford M. Poats. BrookingsInstitution, Washington, D.C., 1972. xiv,256 pp. $7.50.

Urgent Endoscopy of Digestive andAbdominal Diseases. New Fields ofGastrointestinal Endoscopy. Proceedingsof a symposium, Prague and Carlsbad,Czechoslovakia, June 1971. Z. Maratkaand J. Setka, Eds. Karger, Basel, 1972(U.S. distributor, Phiebig, White Plains,N.Y.). xii, 308 pp., illus. $34.75.What We Know about Cancer. R. J. C.

Harris, Ed. St. Martin, New York, 1972.240 pp. + plates. $6.95.

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