t3xt · a 3-step process for writing a college-ready analysis of any textual sample. monday, july...
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T3XTfor reading analysis and written response
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Rigor
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What Is T3XT?
A 3-step process for writing a college-ready analysis of any textual sample.
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The ConceptThe key to comprehension and then synthesizing of knowledge lies in being able to understand and express the relationship among these three elements:TextContextSubtext
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Text
Keyword(s)...they are the cited evidence used in a response.
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Context
What happened to inspire this...what is going on around this prompt?
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Subtext
Author’s purpose, theme, tone...reading between the lines for meaning. This is the synthesis part - the most important part.
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Example: Backgroundexcerpt from “Buffalo Tales: The Near-Extermination of the American Bison” by Shepard Krech III, Brown University; National Humanities Center
The decline of the buffalo is largely a nineteenth-century story. The size of the herds was affected by predation (by humans and wolves), disease, fires, climate, competition from horses, the market, and other factors. Fires often swept the grasslands, sometimes maiming and killing buffaloes. Millions of horses in Indian herds competed for grasses. Drought was perhaps most significant; severe prior to the fifteenth century, and episodic in the eighteenth, it might have been worst at the very moment when other pressures converged in the early years of the decades from 1840 to 1880.Yet no matter the impact from drought, horses, or fires, what doomed the buffalo most were (1) the commodities markets for buffalo tongues, skins, meat, and robes; and (2) the railroads, which provided the means of transportation to rapidly expanding European-American populations.Again largely a nineteenth-century tale, the final stage from 1867 to 1884 was notable for the fury of the slaughter for hides and other products. In 1867 the first of five railroads split the herd in the heart of buffalo range, a process repeated again and again. Provisioners like Buffalo Bill Cody, sportsmen, farmers, and ranchers who craved the prairies for crops and cattle—all placed new pressure on bison. The railroads made transportation of buffalo hides easy and cheap, so market hunters flooded in, wasting three to five times the numbers they killed. The carnage from herds already depleted by other factors defied description: 4-5 million killed in three years alone. The commercial hunt was finished by the fall of 1883.Indians, confined to reservations and distressed from hunger, took part until the bitter end.
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“Without Title: for my father who lived without ceremony” by Diane Glancy Textbook, pg. 39
It’s hard you know without the buffalo, the shaman, the arrow, but my father went out each day to hunt as though he had them. He worked in the stockyards. All his life he brought us meat. No one marked his first kill, no one sang his buffalo song. Without a vision he had migrated to the city and went to work in the packing house. When he brought home his horns and hides my mother said get rid of them. I remember the animal tracks of his car backing out the drive in snow and mud, the aerial on his old car waving like a bow string. I remember the silence of his lost power, the red buffalo painted on his chest. Oh, I couldn’t see it but it was there, and in the night I heard his buffalo grunt like a snore.
Example: Poem
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Example
Example Prompt: Explain how the text, context, and subtext connect in “Without Title: for my father who lived without ceremony” by Diane Glancy to produce meaning.
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Text Context Subtext
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Text Context Subtext
“buffalo”
“hunt”
“stockyards”
“kill”
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Text Context Subtext
“buffalo” The father’s ancestors hunted buffalo. The father works at the stockyards.
“hunt” This seems to be taking place in present time, after the Native Americans were
removed from their lands.
“stockyards” “When he brought home his horns and hides my mother said get rid of them.”
“kill” The culture of the father’s past doesn’t seem to fit into the present scenario he is
living in.
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Text Context Subtext
“buffalo” The father’s ancestors hunted buffalo. The father works at the stockyards.
“No one marked his first kill...”
“hunt” This seems to be taking place in present time, after the Native Americans were
removed from their lands.“I remember the silence of his
lost power...”
“stockyards” “When he brought home his horns and hides my mother said get rid of them.”
There is a history the father remembers and seems lonely that he can’t experience
it.
“kill” The culture of the father’s past doesn’t seem to fit into the present scenario he is
living in.
The wife doesn’t understand him so there is a disconnect. But the daughter - the
narrator - seems interested.
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From here, the goal is to make 3 connections between boxes, ensuring that each column is represented at least once.
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Text Context Subtext
“buffalo” The father’s ancestors hunted buffalo. The father works at the stockyards.
“No one marked his first kill...”
“hunt” This seems to be taking place in present time, after the Native Americans were
removed from their lands.“I remember the silence of his
lost power...”
“stockyards” “When he brought home his horns and hides my mother said get rid of them.”
There is a history the father remembers and seems lonely that he can’t experience
it.
“kill” The culture of the father’s past doesn’t seem to fit into the present scenario he is
living in.
The wife doesn’t understand him so there is a disconnect. But the daughter - the
narrator - seems interested.
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Text Context Subtext
“buffalo” The father’s ancestors hunted buffalo. The father works at the stockyards.
“No one marked his first kill...”
“hunt” This seems to be taking place in present time, after the Native Americans were
removed from their lands.“I remember the silence of his
lost power...”
“stockyards” “When he brought home his horns and hides my mother said get rid of them.”
There is a history the father remembers and seems lonely that he can’t experience
it.
“kill” The culture of the father’s past doesn’t seem to fit into the present scenario he is
living in.
The wife doesn’t understand him so there is a disconnect. But the daughter - the
narrator - seems interested.
Monday, July 25, 16
Text Context Subtext
“buffalo” The father’s ancestors hunted buffalo. The father works at the stockyards.
“No one marked his first kill...”
“hunt” This seems to be taking place in present time, after the Native Americans were
removed from their lands.“I remember the silence of his
lost power...”
“stockyards” “When he brought home his horns and hides my mother said get rid of them.”
There is a history the father remembers and seems lonely that he can’t experience
it.
“kill” The culture of the father’s past doesn’t seem to fit into the present scenario he is
living in.
The wife doesn’t understand him so there is a disconnect. But the daughter - the
narrator - seems interested.
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For your paragraph, you will need to write your own introduction and conclusion sentences, but the body is already written for you from the graphic organizer.
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Text Context Subtext
“buffalo” The father’s ancestors hunted buffalo. The father works at the
stockyards.“No one marked his first kill...”
“hunt”This seems to be taking place in present time, after the Native Americans were removed from
their lands.
“I remember the silence of his lost power...”
“stockyards” “When he brought home his horns and hides my mother said get rid
of them.”
There is a history the father remembers and seems lonely that
he can’t experience it.
“kill” The culture of the father’s past doesn’t seem to fit into the
present scenario he is living in.
The wife doesn’t understand him so there is a disconnect. But the daughter - the narrator - seems
interested.
The poem, “Without Title: for my father who lived without ceremony” by Diane Glancy, is about a Native American who feels trapped in a different time from his ancestors which brings about a sense of cultural loneliness. In the poem, Glancy shows a sense of separation between the father and his ancestors in that the father’s ancestors went on the “hunt” for buffalo while the father works in the “stockyards.” Glancy also mentions, “When he brought home his horns and hides my mother said get rid of them.” This shows that the wife doesn’t understand the father which further emphasizes this loneliness. Another line of the poem reads, “No one marked his first kill...” which reminds the reader that long ago a Native American’s first kill would have been something important to celebrate, but it never happened for the father. This further highlights how the father’s past doesn’t seem to fit into the present he’s living in. Upon reading Glancy’s poem with focus, the reader can truly grasp the sense of a loss of cultural identity within the modern Native American society.Monday, July 25, 16
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From Paragraph to Essay
Instead of each of the 3 pairings being sentences, make them paragraphs.
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Text Context Subtext
“buffalo” The father’s ancestors hunted buffalo. The father works at the
stockyards.“No one marked his first kill...”
“hunt”This seems to be taking place in present time, after the Native
Americans were removed from their lands.
“I remember the silence of his lost power...”
“stockyards” “When he brought home his horns and hides my mother said get rid of
them.”
There is a history the father remembers and seems lonely that he
can’t experience it.
“kill” The culture of the father’s past doesn’t seem to fit into the present
scenario he is living in.
The wife doesn’t understand him so there is a disconnect. But the
daughter - the narrator - seems interested.
Paragraph 1: Intro Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 Paragraph 4 Paragraph 5: Conclusion
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Argumentative EssayClaimBest EvidenceCounter-ArgumentRefute with EvidenceCall to Action
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Text Context Subtext
Counter-Argument Perspective
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Text Context Subtext
Counter-Argument Perspective
Once the students know the argumentative format, they can just plug the counter-argument connection into the
third paragraph. The connections above and below are the “Best Evidence” and “Refute with Evidence” paragraphs.
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Text Context Subtext
A
A
B B
C C
Counter-Argument Perspective
Paragraph 1: Claim Paragraph 2: Best Evidence Paragraph 3: Counter-Argument Paragraph 4: Refute with Evidence Paragraph 5: Call to Action
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Text Context Subtext
A
A
B B
C C
Counter-Argument Perspective
Paragraph 1: Claim Paragraph 2: Best Evidence A-AParagraph 3: Counter-Argument C-CParagraph 4: Refute with Evidence B-BParagraph 5: Call to Action
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