t1028 river boating safety course.ppt - troop 1028 files/t1028 river boating safety course.pdfriver...
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River Boating Safety -Kayaking / Canoeing /Kayaking / Canoeing / Whitewater Merit Badges
Susan Saliba, Eric Cutright, Troop 1028, August 2015
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River Boating Safety - OutlineRiver Boating Safety Outline• Boat Types• Essential Gear Protecting and Securing Gear• Essential Gear, Protecting and Securing Gear• Getting Into and Out of a Boat• Good Posture and Basic/Advanced ManeuveringGood Posture and Basic/Advanced Maneuvering• Rapids Classifications• Reading the River (MOST IMPORTANT PART)• So you capsized yourself, now what?• BSA Safety Afloat / Safe Swim Defense Training• Mandatory Buddies and Boating Formation• Safety Signals
River Etiquette• River Etiquette
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Boat Types - KayaksBoat Types Kayaks
• Sit - on – top (15.5’) • Whitewater (10’)Sit on top (15.5 ) Whitewater (10 )
• Sit – inside (12’) • Tandem (14.5’)
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Boat Lengths and ShapesBoat Lengths and Shapes
• In general, a shorter boat is more responsive and g , peasier to maneuver on rivers– Whitewater kayaks are typically short (10’) to make quick moves
in tricky rapids but can be hard to keep on a straight linein tricky rapids, but can be hard to keep on a straight line
• A wider boat is more stable than a narrow boatNarro boats ma be faster b t are easier to tip– Narrow boats may be faster but are easier to tip
• The boat bottom shape also affects performance– Flat bottom (less rocker) – more stable, takes more effort to spin– Curved bottom (more rocker) – easy to turn and spin
• Whitewater kayaks typically have very rounded bottom
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Personal Flotation Devices (PFD ) MANDATORY(PFDs) - MANDATORY
Typical for KayakersTypical for Kayakers
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Essential Water Gear - SHOESEssential Water Gear SHOES
• Closed-toed water shoes that won’t fall off –Closed toed water shoes that won t fall off no crocs, flip flops, or bare feet !!
• Good:
• Bad:• Bad:
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Essential Basic/Comfort GearEssential Basic/Comfort Gear
• Water & Small Cooler • Booney or Sun HatWater & Small Cooler Booney or Sun Hat
• Sunscreen/Bug Spray • Rope for Rigging
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Essential Water GearEssential Water Gear
• Pump, Sponge, Bailer • First Aid KitPump, Sponge, Bailer First Aid Kit
For S
it-in
oats
Onl
y
• Rope Throw Bag • Whistle
F Bo
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Essential Gear – Advanced (f Cl III hit t )(for Class III+ whitewater)
• Helmet – Class III + • Float Bag (in boat)Helmet Class III Float Bag (in boat)
• Z drag / Unpin Kit • Paddle Float
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Protecting GearProtecting Gear
• Use dry bags to store clothes and other geary g g
Our outfitter provides one per
boat(for overnighters
only)
• Use dry boxes / bags for electronics
only)
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Securing GearSecuring Gear
• All gear must be securely stowed in case your boat g y yflips or capsizes– Tie gear to boat with short ropes to avoid entanglement
Use kayak deck hold downs– Use kayak deck hold-downs
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Getting Into and Out of a BoatGetting Into and Out of a Boat
• Maintain three points of contact and keep your p p ycenter of gravity low
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Keep a Good PostureKeep a Good Posture
• Adjust the seat straps and foot pegs to sit up j p p g pstraight – no reclining and knees barely bent
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Stay “In the Box” to A id Ti iAvoid Tipping
• Keep a strong shoulder position with elbows low and p g pin front of your body – this maintains balance and helps prevent fatigue / sore muscles
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Take Rapids Head-On !!!Take Rapids Head On !!!
• Do not get yourself pointed sideways going over g y p y g grapids, you will likely capsize or get dumped !!
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Broaching an ObstacleBroaching an Obstacle
• If you are going to hit an obstacle, lean into it to keep y g g , pyour leading edge out of water (avoid swamping)
• Avoid getting any part of your body between the boat d b t land an obstacle
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Reading the River: EddysReading the River: Eddys
• Eddy currents are a backward flow of water caused yby an obstacle – eddy lines can flip your boat !
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Reading the River: EddysReading the River: Eddys
• Some eddy currents can be used to “park” your boat y p yfor a short rest
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Reading the River: H l d H d liHoles and Hydraulics
• Holes and hydraulics form after a drop, you will often y p, ysee large “foam piles” of whitewater flowing back upstream toward you
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Reading the River: H l d H d liHoles and Hydraulics
• Holes and hydraulics can be dangerous !!y g
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Reading the River: D t V OKDownstream Vs are OK
• A V pointing away from you is usually a good linep g y y y g
Dark, deep water in
middle of V
Whitewater forms lines
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of V
Reading the River: U t V BADUpstream Vs are BAD
• A V pointing towards you indicates a rockp g y
UpstreamUpstream V
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Reading the River: Pi ki Y Att k LiPicking Your Attack Line
• Stick to middle of river and don’t get trapped against g pp gshore or strainers, give yourself room to move !
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Proper Floating TechniqueProper Floating Technique
• Keep upstream from the boat (it will knock you over)p p ( y )• Hold on to your paddle!• Float on back with feet up to avoid foot entrapment
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Shallow Water Capsize Rescue(Sit i id b t l )(Sit – inside boats only)
• Technique 1: Shallow dumpq p
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Shallow Water Capsize Rescue(Sit i id b t l )(Sit – inside boats only)
• Technique 2: Capistrano Flipq p p
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BSA Safety Afloat Training –Q i k O iQuick Overview
• Quit Pouring Susan Lemonade Because She Prefers Q gEating Donuts !!– Q – Qualified supervision (trained adult 21+ years old, one adult
supervisor for every ten Scouts)supervisor for every ten Scouts)– P – Personal health review (BSA Health form)– S – Swimmer test (non-swimmers must ride with Adult swimmer)
L Lif j k t (PFD )– L – Life jackets (PFDs)– B – Buddy system (stay near your buddy, periodic buddy checks)– S – Skills proficiency (BSA requires 3 hours of training)– P – Planning (preparation, float plan, weather/water checks)– E – Equipment (boats in good working order, safety gear)– D – Discipline (follow the rules no horseplay/battleshipping)D Discipline (follow the rules, no horseplay/battleshipping)
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BSA Safe Swim Defense –Q i k O iQuick Overview
• Quiet Please Some Ladies Like A Big Diamond!!Q g– Q – Qualified supervision (trained adult 21+ years old, one adult
supervisor for every ten Scouts)– P – Personal health review (BSA Health form)P Personal health review (BSA Health form)– S – Safe swim area (marked off by swimmer category)– L – Lookout tower or position (to see all swimmers)
L Lif d ( lifi d d lt 10 S t )– L – Lifeguard (one qualified adult per 10 Scouts)– A – Ability groups (non-swimmer – up to 5 ft, beginner 5 – 6 ½ ft,
swimmer 6 ½ ft to 12 ft (clear) or 8 ft (turbid/dark))– B – Buddy system (stay near your buddy, periodic buddy checks)– D – Discipline (follow the rules, no horseplay)
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Mandatory Leader / Caboose B ti F tiBoating Formation
• Everyone must have a buddy boat, stay close !!y y , y• Cannot pass the leader or fall behind the caboose !!• Regroup after major obstacles for a head count
Leader
Caboose
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Safety SignalsSafety Signals
• Boaters use paddle signals to let approaching boats p g pp gknow of the hazards or the best path to take from a safe distanceAt j id l d b t ill d t i d t k• At major rapids, a lead boat will determine and take the best attack line
• The lead boat then turns around and “parks” out ofThe lead boat then turns around and parks out of current to signal following boats
• All boats regroup after major obstacles for a head t d b dd h kcount and buddy check
• Directional signals always point to safety, never to a hazard !!hazard !!
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River EtiquetteRiver Etiquette
• Yield right of way to a larger, less mobile boatg y g ,• When running down river, try to pick a path that will
not interfere with another paddler in front of you• Do not tailgate – leave plenty of space between
boats when going through a rapid• Respect other fishermen! Pass quietly and give them• Respect other fishermen! Pass quietly and give them
room so you don’t get stuck in their line• Don’t pass in a rapid, allow faster boats to pass you• Keep noise levels reasonable – no shouting/music• Do not crowd newbie paddlers !!
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