t thieme

Impact of Roundup Ready® maize production system on NTO’s

“North Europe”

NTO’s Thomas Thieme (BTL)

BTL

Bio-Test Labor GmbH Sagerheide Roundup Ready® Maize: The European Perspective, Brussels, March 22-24, 2010

Application, weed Sabine Kappes (Biovativ GmbH)

Soil characterisation Andre Schlichting (STZ Soil Biotechnology)

Sponsored by Monsanto

Methods: Trial design

T2

T2

T2T3

T3

T3

T4

T4

T4

T5

T5

T5

T1

T1

T1

N�

Test site

BTL


T2

T2

T3

T3

T4

T4 T5

T5

T1

T1

27m

30m

Treatment 1: seed MONUMENTALHerb Metusolam+Flufenacet (A) A Pre-emergenceHerb Bromoxynil (C)Herb Iodosulfuron+Foramsulfuron (C) (2007-05-10, 2008-05-02)

Treatment 2: seed MONUMENTAL B V2-3Herb Metolachlor+Terbutylazine (B)Herb Mesotrione (B) (2007-05-23, 2008-05-27/29)Herb Rimsulfuron (C)

Treatment 3: seed RR CORN C V6-8

Methods: Treatment schedule in 2007 and 2008

BTL


Treatment 3: seed RR CORN C V6-8Herb MON 78044 = Glyphosate (B)Herb MON 78044 = Glyphosate (C) (2007-06-11, 2008-06-17)

Treatment 4: seed RR CORNHerb MON 69447 = Acetochlor (B)Herb MON 78044 = Glyphosate (B)Herb MON 78044 = Glyphosate (C)

Treatment 5: seed RR CORNHerb Metolachlor + Terbotylazine (B)Herb Mesotrione (B)Herb Rimsulfuron (C)

Methods: Sampling with pitfall traps (PT)

4 PT/plot; sampling dates: 2007 May-Sep, 9; 2008 May-Sep, 9

BTL


Methods: Sampling with yellow sticky traps (YST)

4 YST/plot; sampling dates: 2007 Jun-Oct, 8; 2008 May-Sep, 9

BTL


Methods: Visual assessments (VA)

15/20 stems/plot in 2007/2008; assessment dates: 2007 Jun-Oct, 9; 2008 May-Sep, 9

BTL


Number of NTO’s per treatment caught/observed

2007 2008* Sampling method T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T2 T3 T4 T5

PT 6868 5984 6599 6693 5597 7911 8332 8458 8847

YST 2693 2735 2409 2635 2974 1589 1724 1572 2010

VA 436 467 520 492 500 1660 12997 5933 1463 ∑ 9997 9186 9528 9820 9071 11160 23053 15963 12320

BTL


* The very first application (A) at pre-emergence failed, therefore the arthropods

in plots of T1 are not taken into consideration

Total/year 47602 62496

Total 110098

Number of arthropod taxa in PT, YST and VA

Taxa in 2007 (n) Taxa in 2008 (n) Sampling method Identified

T2 Sig. differences

T4

Identified T2

Sig. differences T4

PT 132 11 124 5

YST 11 4 20 1

VA 11 3 17 4

BTL


Taxa showing significant differences using ANOVA (AN) or Kruskal-Wallis (KW)

Herbivores (H) and predators (P) caught 2007 and 2008 in PT

Taxon Test Sample T1 T2 T5 T3 T4

2007

H & P Amara spp. KW 8 a ab abc c bc

KW 9 ac b c ab abc

H Harpalus spp. KW 3 ab a a b a

H Harpalus affinis KW 3 a a a b a

P Anchomenus dorsalis AN 4 a a a b ab

BTL


P Anchomenus dorsalis AN 4 a a a b ab

AN 5 ab ab b ab a

P Bembidion spp. KW 7 a b ab b a

P Calathus fuscipes KW 6 ac b ab c ab

P Clivina fossor KW 9 ab ac ac b c

P Pterostichus spp. AN 4 ab a ab ab b

KW 9 a a ab b a

P Pterostichus melanarius AN 4 ab a ab ab b

KW 9 a a ab b a

H & P Staphylinidae AN 5 ab ab ab a b

KW 7 a a a a b

H & P Aleocharinae AN 5 ab ab ab a b KW 7 a a a a b


Herbivores (H) and predators (P) caught 2007 and 2008 in PT

Taxon Test Sample T2 T5 T3 T4

2008

P Oedothorax spp. AN 2 a ab b ab

BTL


P AN 2 a ab b ab

P Oedothorax apicatus AN 2 a ab b ab

P Oedothorax retusus AN 5 a b ab ab

P Calathus spp. KW 1 a a a b

P Trechus quadristriatus KW 3 a a b a

Predators in PT: Araneae

2007 2008

Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

30

40

50

60

70

80

App

l 2

Ap

pl 3

Ap

pl 1

Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

20

30

40

50 Ap

pl 1

Ap

pl 2

Ap

pl 3

T1

T2

T3

T4

T5

BTL


T1 T2 T5 T3 T4a a a a a

Days after sowing0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130

Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap0

10

20

30

30

.04.

10

.05.

20

.05.

30

.05.

09

.06.

19

.06.

29

.06.

09

.07.

19

.07.

29

.07.

08

.08.

18

.08.

28

.08.

07

.09.


Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

0

10

20

03.0

5.

13.0

5.

23.0

5.

02.0

6.

12.0

6.

22.0

6.

02.0

7.

12.0

7.

22.0

7.

01.0

8.

11.0

8.

21.0

8.

31.0

8.

10.0

9.

2007 2008

Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

20

30

40

50

App

l 2

Ap

pl 3

Ap

pl 1 T1

T2

T3

T4

T5

Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

15

20

25

30

35

Ap

pl 1

Ap

pl 2

Ap

pl 3

Predators in PT: Oedothorax apicatus (Araneae: Linyphiidae)

BTL



Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

0

10

30

.04.

10

.05.

20

.05.

30

.05.

09

.06.

19

.06.

29

.06.

09

.07.

19

.07.

29

.07.

08

.08.

18

.08.

28

.08.

07

.09.


Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

0

5

10

03.0

5.

13.0

5.

23.0

5.

02.0

6.

12.0

6.

22.0

6.

02.0

7.

12.0

7.

22.0

7.

01.0

8.

11.0

8.

21.0

8.

31.0

8.

10.0

9.

T2 T5 T3 T4a ab b ab

Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5T2

T3

T4

T5

App

l 2

Ap

pl 3

Ap

pl 1

2007 2008

Predators in PT: Oedothorax retusus (Araneae: Linyphiidae)

BTL



Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

0.0

0.5

1.0

30

.04.

10

.05.

20

.05.

30

.05.

09

.06.

19

.06.

29

.06.

09

.07.

19

.07.

29

.07.

08

.08.

18

.08.

28

.08.

07

.09.

T2 T5 T3 T4a b ab ab

Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

3

4

5

6

7

8

Ap

pl 1

Ap

pl 2

Ap

pl 3

2007 2008

2

3

4

5

App

l 2

Ap

pl 3

Ap

pl 1 T1

T2

T3

T4

T5

Herbivores in PT: Amara spp. (Col.: Carabidae)

BTL



Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

0

1

2

3

03.0

5.

13.0

5.

23.0

5.

02.0

6.

12.0

6.

22.0

6.

02.0

7.

12.0

7.

22.0

7.

01.0

8.

11.0

8.

21.0

8.

31.0

8.

10.0

9.


0

1

30

.04.

10

.05.

20

.05.

30

.05.

09

.06.

19

.06.

29

.06.

09

.07.

19

.07.

29

.07.

08

.08.

18

.08.

28

.08.

07

.09.

T1 T2 T5 T3 T4a ab abc c bc

T1 T2 T5 T3 T4ac b c ab abc

10

15

20

25

App

l 2

Ap

pl 3

Ap

pl 1

Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

10

15

20

25

Ap

pl 1

Ap

pl 2

Ap

pl 3

2007 2008

T1

T2

T3

T4

T5

Predators in PT: Bembidion spp. (Col.: Carabidae)

BTL



0

5

30

.04.

10

.05.

20

.05.

30

.05.

09

.06.

19

.06.

29

.06.

09

.07.

19

.07.

29

.07.

08

.08.

18

.08.

28

.08.

07

.09.


Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

0

5

03.0

5.

13.0

5.

23.0

5.

02.0

6.

12.0

6.

22.0

6.

02.0

7.

12.0

7.

22.0

7.

01.0

8.

11.0

8.

21.0

8.

31.0

8.

10.0

9.

T1 T2 T5 T3 T4a b ab b a

7.5

10.0

12.5

15.0

App

l 2

Ap

pl 3

Ap

pl 1

Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

4

6

8

10

Ap

pl 1

Ap

pl 2

Ap

pl 3

2007 2008

T1

T2

T3

T4

T5

Predators/Herbivores in PT: Aleocharinae (Col.: Staphylinidae)

BTL



0.0

2.5

5.0

30

.04.

10

.05.

20

.05.

30

.05.

09

.06.

19

.06.

29

.06.

09

.07.

19

.07.

29

.07.

08

.08.

18

.08.

28

.08.

07

.09.


Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

0

2

03.0

5.

13.0

5.

23.0

5.

02.0

6.

12.0

6.

22.0

6.

02.0

7.

12.0

7.

22.0

7.

01.0

8.

11.0

8.

21.0

8.

31.0

8.

10.0

9.

T1 T2 T5 T3 T4ab ab ab a b

T1 T2 T5 T3 T4a a a a b


Herbivores (H) and predators (P) caught on YST


2007

H Miridae AN 5 a b b b b

BTL


H & P Syrphidae KW 4 a a a b ab

P Coccinellidae KW 2 a a b b a P Propylea

quatuordecimpunctata KW 2 a a b ab a

2008

H Auchenorrhyncha AN 2 a ab b ab

Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

6

9

12

15

Ap

pl 2

App

l 3

Ap

pl 1

Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

30

40

50

60

70

80

Ap

pl 1

Ap

pl 2

Ap

pl 3

2007 2008

T1

T2

T3

T4

T5

Herbivores in YST: Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera)

BTL


Days after sowing0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

0

3

30

.04.

10

.05.

20

.05.

30

.05.

09

.06.

19

.06.

29

.06.

09

.07.

19

.07.

29

.07.

08

.08.

18

.08.

28

.08.

07

.09.

17

.09.

Days after sowing0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

0

10

20

30

03.0

5.

13.0

5.

23.0

5.

02.0

6.

12.0

6.

22.0

6.

02.0

7.

12.0

7.

22.0

7.

01.0

8.

11.0

8.

21.0

8.

31.0

8.

10.0

9.

20.0

9.

30.0

9.

10.1

0.

T2 T5 T3 T4a ab b ab

Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Ap

pl 2

App

l 3

Ap

pl 1

Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

4

6

8

10

Ap

pl 1

Ap

pl 2

Ap

pl 3

2007 2008

T1

T2

T3

T4

T5

Predators in YST: Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (Col.: Coccinellidae)

BTL



Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

0.0

0.5

1.0

30

.04.

10

.05.

20

.05.

30

.05.

09

.06.

19

.06.

29

.06.

09

.07.

19

.07.

29

.07.

08

.08.

18

.08.

28

.08.

07

.09.

17

.09.


Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

0

2

03.0

5.

13.0

5.

23.0

5.

02.0

6.

12.0

6.

22.0

6.

02.0

7.

12.0

7.

22.0

7.

01.0

8.

11.0

8.

21.0

8.

31.0

8.

10.0

9.

20.0

9.

30.0

9.

10.1

0.

T1 T2 T5 T3 T4a a b ab a

Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

4

6

8

10

Ap

pl 2

App

l 3

Ap

pl 1

Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

6

9

12

15

Ap

pl 1

Ap

pl 2

Ap

pl 3

2007 2008

T1

T2

T3

T4

T5

Predators in YST: Syrphidae (Diptera)

BTL



Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

0

2

4

30

.04.

10

.05.

20

.05.

30

.05.

09

.06.

19

.06.

29

.06.

09

.07.

19

.07.

29

.07.

08

.08.

18

.08.

28

.08.

07

.09.

17

.09.


Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

0

3

03.0

5.

13.0

5.

23.0

5.

02.0

6.

12.0

6.

22.0

6.

02.0

7.

12.0

7.

22.0

7.

01.0

8.

11.0

8.

21.0

8.

31.0

8.

10.0

9.

20.0

9.

30.0

9.

10.1

0.

T1 T2 T5 T3 T4a a a b ab

Dipteranean families caught on colour traps during trials located in Germany and The Netherlands

(natural enemies of pests on crop analyzed;

not associated with crop, but attracted by colour)

Species

Episyrphus balteatus

Eupeodes corollae

Family Sum

… …

Do we have sufficient information if only the family is known?

BTL


Helophilus affinis

Melanostoma mellinum

Sphaerophoria scripta

Syrphus torvus

Syrphus vitripennis

Trichopsomyia lucida

Eristalis abusiva

Brachyopa pilosa

…

Anthomyiidae

Cecidomyiidae

Chloropidae

Drosophilidae

Phoridae

Sciaridae

Syrphidae

…

…

6929

7424

7176

18395

7506

11342

6063

…


2007 H Miridae AN 3 a ab c bc bc P


Herbivores (H) and predators (P) observed in VA

BTL


P Anthocoridae KW 3 a a b b ab P Nabidae KW 2 a a a ab b 2008

H Aphididae KW 4 ac c b ab H Aphis frangulae KW 4 a a b b P Neuroptera KW 5 a b b b P Chrysopidae KW 5 a b b b P Anthocoridae AN 5 ab b a ab

Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

150

200

250

300

350T2

T3

T4

T5

Ap

pl 2

App

l 3

Ap

pl 1

2007 2008

Herbivores in VA: Aphididae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha)

BTL



Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap0

50

100

30

.04.

10

.05.

20

.05.

30

.05.

09

.06.

19

.06.

29

.06.

09

.07.

19

.07.

29

.07.

08

.08.

18

.08.

28

.08.

07

.09.

17

.09.

T2 T5 T3 T4ac c b ab

Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Ap

pl 2

App

l 3

Ap

pl 1

Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

Ap

pl 1

Ap

pl 2

Ap

pl 3

2007 2008

T1

T2

T3

T4

T5

Predators in VA: Chrysopidae (Neuroptera)

BTL



Me

an

nu

mbe

r o

f a

rthro

pod

s p

er

trap

0.0

0.2

30

.04.

10

.05.

20

.05.

30

.05.

09

.06.

19

.06.

29

.06.

09

.07.

19

.07.

29

.07.

08

.08.

18

.08.

28

.08.

07

.09.

17

.09.


Mea

n n

um

ber

of a

rthro

po

ds p

er

trap

0.00

0.05

0.10

03.0

5.

13.0

5.

23.0

5.

02.0

6.

12.0

6.

22.0

6.

02.0

7.

12.0

7.

22.0

7.

01.0

8.

11.0

8.

21.0

8.

31.0

8.

10.0

9.

20.0

9.

30.0

9.

10.1

0.

T2 T5 T3 T4a b b b

Effect of weeds to the number of aphids observed during visual assessments

T3

T3

T4

T5

T5

Herbivores in VA: Aphididae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha)

BTL


T3

T3

T4

Weed

Mean percentage coverage (± 95% confidence interval) for Total weed coverage

assessed along with and after application B in different treatments

Perc

enta

ge tota

l weed c

overa

ge 30.0

T2

20.0

T2T1

2007 2008

BTL


Perc

enta

ge tota

l weed c

overa

ge

Days after application B42190

20.0

10.0

0.0

-10.0

T2T3T4T5

Days after application B297

10.0

0.0

-10.0

T4T5

T3T2

The new method of controlling weeds using NK603 provided a delayed butsimilar level of control and had no negative indirect effects on NTO's when

tested under field conditions.

Conclusion

BTL


t thieme

Technology

european perspective

kw3 ab

t1 appl

baban5 ab abb ab ap

glyphosate c treatment

predators p

differences t2 t4 t2

glyphosate bherb