t 121 5300 (2008) user interface design 2 cli

24
CLI: The Return to Command Line Interfaces T-121.5300 User Interface Design Lecture 2. Marko Nieminen

Upload: mniemi

Post on 14-Dec-2014

1.396 views

Category:

Education


1 download

DESCRIPTION

Lecture slides from T-121.5300 (10-Nov-2008)

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

CLI: The Return to Command Line Interfaces

T-121.5300 User Interface Design

Lecture 2.

Marko Nieminen

Page 2: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Page 3: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

> grep -v ^$ filea > fileb

Page 4: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

> CP TAG DEV E VTSO LOCAL 2

OPTCD=J F=3871 X=GB12

Page 5: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

The Mysterious Commands

Why? Are they required?

Who can learn them?

Do we need them at all nowadays?

Page 6: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Contemporary CLI: ”Search Experience”

Page 7: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Some Command Lines

1. ”5+3=”

2. “1 eur in isk”

� http://www.google.fi/intl/fi/help/features.html

� Towards more natural interaction

Page 8: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

A 641 (���� 16353)

Page 9: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

CLI today

Page 10: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Kertalippu kännykkään tekstiviestillä

� Voit tilata matkapuhelimeen tekstiviestinä kertalipun, joka on voimassa ratikassa, metrossa ja Suomenlinnan lautalla.

� Tilaa lippu lähettämällä tekstiviesti A 641 (suomenkielinen lippu) tai AS 641 (ruotsinkielinen lippu) numeroon 16353. Saat paluuviestinä kertalipun, joka on voimassa tunnin ostohetkestä lähtien.

� Viestissä näkyvät lipun voimassaoloaika ja -alue, tunnistenumero ja lähettäjänumero.Tarkista lipun saapuminen ennen raitiovaunuun tai lauttaan nousemista tai metron laiturialueelle astumista!

� Palvelu toimii Soneran, Radiolinjan, DNA:n ja Saunalahden liittymissä. Lipun hinta veloitetaan puhelinlaskun yhteydessä.

� http://www.hel.fi/HKL/suomi/ratikka/su/liput.html

Page 11: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Characteristics of Command Languages

� Command languages, which originated with operating-systems commands, are distinguished by their immediacy and by their impact on devices or information.

� Users issue a command and watch what happens� If the result is correct, the next command is issued; if not, some other strategy is

adopted� The commands are brief and their existence is transitory� Command histories are sometimes kept and macros are created in some command

languages� The essence of command languages is that they have an ephemeral nature and that

they produce an immediate result on some object of interest

� Command languages are distinguished from menu-selection systems in that their users must recall notation and initiate action

� Menu selection users receive instructions and must recognize and choose among only a limited set of visible alternatives; they respond more than initiate

� Command-language users are often called on to accomplish remarkable feats of memorization and typing

Page 12: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Command languages

� Users must recall notation and initiate action

� Typical form is a verb followed by a noun object with qualifiers or arguments for the verb or noun

� Abbreviations may be permitted

� Feedback may be generated for acceptable commands

� Error messages may result from unacceptable forms or typos

� Command-language systems may offer the user brief prompts, or may be close to menu-selection systems

� Natural-language interaction can be considered as a complex form of command language

Source: Shneiderman, B. Designing the User Interface

Page 13: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Goals of Language Design

� Precision

� Compactness

� Ease in writing and reading

� Speed in learning

� Simplicity to reduce errors

� Ease of retention over time

� Close correspondence between reality and the notation

� Convenience in carrying out manipulations relevant to users' tasks

� Compatibility with existing notations

� Flexibility to accommodate novice and expert users

� Expressiveness to encourage creativity

� Visual appeal

Source: Shneiderman, B. Designing the User Interface

Page 14: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Constraints on a Language

� The capacity for human beings to record the notation

� The match between the recording and the display media (for example, clay tablets, paper, printing presses)

� The convenience in speaking (vocalizing)

� Successful languages evolve to serve the goals within the constraints.

Source: Shneiderman, B. Designing the User Interface

Page 15: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Command-Organization

� A unifying interface concept or metaphor aids� learning

� problem solving

� retention

� Designers often err by choosing a metaphor closer to machine domain than to the user's task domain

� Simple command set� Each command is chosen to carry out a single task. The number of

commands match the number of tasks

� For small number of tasks, this can produce a system easy to learn and use

Source: Shneiderman, B. Designing the User Interface

Page 16: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Command-Organization Strategies

� Command plus arguments� COPY FILEA, FILEB

� DELETE FILEA

� PRINT FILEA, FILEB, FILEC

� Keyword labels for arguments are helpful for some users, e.g. COPY FROM=FILEA TO=FILEB

� Command plus options and arguments� PRINT/3,HQ FILEA

� PRINT (3, HQ) FILEA

� PRINT FILEA -3, HQ

� to produce 3 copies of FILEA on the printer in the headquarters building.

� Error rates and the need for extensive training increase with the number of possible options.

Source: Shneiderman, B. Designing the User Interface

Page 17: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Consistent Argument Ordering

Inconsistent

� SEARCH file no, message id

� TRIM message id, segment size

� REPLACE message id, code no

� INVERT group size, message id

Consistent

� SEARCH message id, file no

� TRIM message id, segment size

� REPLACE message id, code no

� INVERT message id, group size

Source: Shneiderman, B. Designing the User Interface

Page 18: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

The Benefits of Structure

� Human learning, problem solving, and memory are greatly facilitated by meaningful structure.

� Beneficial for

� task concepts

� computer concepts

� syntactic details of command languages

Source: Shneiderman, B. Designing the User Interface

Page 19: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Abbreviation Strategies

1. Simple truncation: The first, second, third, etc. letters of each command.

2. Vowel drop with simple truncation: Eliminate vowels and use some of what remains.

3. First and last letter: Since the first and last letters are highly visible, use them.

4. First letter of each word in a phrase: Use with a hierarchical design plan.

5. Standard abbreviations from other contexts: Use familiar abbreviations.

6. Phonics: Focus attention on the sound.

Source: Shneiderman, B. Designing the User Interface

Page 20: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

LIPUT HELS TENN 2 1701 1830 ONNEN VARJOT

Page 21: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Palveluja komentokielellä: tekstiviestit

� tilaukset (näyte, koeajo, kirja, lehti, esite jne)

� ilmainen/maksettavissa tekstiviestillä

� liittymiset jäseneksi, kanta-asiakkaaksi, postituslistalle yms

� asiakasrekistereiden kerääminen

� kilpailuihin vastaaminen, äänestykset, kyselyt

� myyntiliidien hankkiminen

� palautekanava lukijalle/kuluttajalle

� tiedottaminen, kutsu tilaisuuteen - ryhmätekstiviesti

� markkinointi – jalostetut paluuviestit asiakkaalle/kuluttajalle

Mobiililla on usein tukirooli - nopea ja helposti mitattava.

Lähde: Nieminen, H.

Page 22: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

TKK:n kirjaston mobiilipalvelut

� Omien lainojen selaaminen

� Lainojen uusiminen

� Maksujen maksaminen

� Eräpäivämuistutukset tekstiviestillä

� Saapumisilmoitukset varatuista teoksista tekstiviestillä

http://lib.tkk.fi/fi/palvelut/lainaus/mobiili/index.html

Page 23: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

TKK:n kirjaston mobiilipalvelut

� Rekisteröityminen palvelun käyttäjäksi

� TKKREK kirjastokortinnumero pin-koodi SUKUNIMI

� Lista lainassa olevista kirjoista� TKKLAINAT

� Kaikkien uusittavissa olevien lainojen uusiminen

� TKKUUSI

� Automaattisten eräpäiväilmoitusten tilanteen tarkistaminen

� TKKILMO

� PIN-koodin tarkistaminen� TKKPIN

� PIN-koodin vaihtaminen� TKKPIN vanhapin uusipin

� Maksujen maksaminen� TKKSAKKO

� Ohjeita palvelun käyttämiseksi� TKK

� Viestit lähetetään numeroon16579

� http://lib.tkk.fi/fi/ohjeet/oppaat/palvelut/mobiiliohje.html

Page 24: T 121 5300 (2008) User Interface Design 2   Cli

Marko Nieminen

Luonnollisen kielen käyttöliittymä

� Lipunvaraukset voit tehdä myös puhelimitse:

� Finnkino Kinolippu

� 0600 007 007 (0,99€/puh + pvm)

� klo 8 – 20

� � Dialogi- ja komentokielisuunnittelun periaatteita tarvitaan kirjoitettujen komentokielien lisäksi myös puhepohjaisten palvelujen rakentamiseksi