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INDICADORES DE LOGRO ENGLISH

• Answer questions with WH

• Talk about personal description using Superlative Forms

• Talk about plans

• Make sentences using the passive voice

• Participate in leisure activities

INDICADORES DE LOGRO SOCIAL

• Know the basic information about the USA

• Recognize why George Washington is important for the USA.• Recognize the Washington as the capital of the United States.• Write a little paragraph about the George Washington.

• Participate in leisure activities

INDICADORES DE LOGRO MATH

• Identify the natural numbers.

• Identify the integers.

• Complete complex problems using addition and subtraction.

• Recognize the properties of the whole numbers.

• Participate in leisure activities

INDICADORES DE LOGRO SCIENCE

• Interpretate anatomical diagrams.

• Elaborate hypotheses related to nutrition.

• Classify organs based on the systems to which they belong.• Recognize the relationship between shapes.

• Participate in leisure activities

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WH Question Words

We use question words to ask certain types of questions (question word questions). We often refer to them as WH words becausethey include the letters WH (for example WHy, HoW).

Wh- Questions allow a speaker to find out more information about topics. They are asfollows:

When?Where?Who?Why?How?What?

TimePlacePersonReason

Manner Object/Idea/Action

Other words can also be used to inquire about specific information:

Which (one)?Whose?Whom?How much?How many?How long?How often?How far?

What kind (of)?

Choice of alternativesPossessionPerson (objective formal)Price, amount (non-count)Quantity (count)DurationFrequency

DistanceDescription

Superlatives

Introduction

Superlatives are special forms of adjectives. They are used to compare more than two things. Generally, superlatives are formed

using -est.

1. Forming superlatives

How these forms are created depends on how many syllables there are in the adjective. Syllables are like “sound beats”. For 

instance, “sing” contains one syllable, but “singing” contains two — sing and ing . Here are the rules:

Adjective form Superlative

Only one syllable, ending in E. Examples: wide, fine, cute Add -st: widest, finest, cutest

Only one syllable, with one vowel and one consonant at the end. Examples:

hot, big, fat

Double the consonant, and add -est: hottest, biggest,

fattest

Only one syllable, with more than one vowel or more than one consonant at

the end. Examples: light, neat, fastAdd -est: lightest, neatest, fastest

Two syllables, ending in Y. Examples: happy, silly, lonely Change y to i, then add -est: happiest, silliest, loneliest

Two syllables or more, not ending in Y. Examples: modern, interesting,

beautiful

Use “most” before the adjective: most modern, most

interesting, most beautiful

2. How to use superlatives

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Superlatives

Superlatives are used to compare more than two things. Superlative sentences usually use “the”, because there isonly one superlative.

Masami is the tallest in the class.Yukio is tall, and Jiro is taller, but Masami is the tallest.

Passive voice

Sentences can be active or passive. Therefore, tenses also have "active forms" and "passive forms."

Passive Form

In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally includednear the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or shouldbe emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention who isdoing the action.

[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [thing doing action]

Examples:

Active / Passive Overview

Passive

Simple Present Once a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.

Present Continuous Right now, the letter  is being written by Sarah.

Simple Past The car  was repaired by Sam.

Past Continuous The customer  was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store.

Present Perfect That castle has been visited by many tourists.

Present PerfectContinuous Recently, the work has been being done by John.

Past Perfect Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic's license.

Past PerfectContinuous

The restaurant's fantastic dinners had been being prepared by Chef Jones for two years before he movedto Paris.

Simple FutureWILL

The work will be finished by 5:00 PM.

Simple FutureBE  GOING TO 

A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.

Future Continuous At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by John.

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WILL

Future ContinuousBE  GOING TO

At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are going to be being washed by John.

Future PerfectWILL

The project will have been completed before the deadline.

Future Perfect

BE  GOING TO

The project is going to have been completed before the deadline.

Future PerfectContinuousWILL

The mural will have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.

Future PerfectContinuousBE  GOING TO

The mural is going to have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it isfinished.

Used to The bills used to be paid by Jerry.

Would Always The pies would always be made by my mother.

Future in the PastW OULD

I knew the work would be finished by 5:00 PM.

Future in the PastW  AS GOING TO

I thought a beautiful dinner was going to be made by Sally tonight.

 

United States of America

Flag Great Seal

Motto: In God We Trust  (official)

 E Pluribus Unum  (traditional)

(Latin: Out of Many, One)

Anthem: "The Star-Spangled Banner "

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Capital Washington, D.C.

38°53′N 77°01′W

Largest city  New York City

National language English (de facto)[b]

Demonym American

Government Federal  presidentialconstitutional republic

- President Barack Obama (D)

- Vice President Joe Biden (D)

- Speaker of the

House

John Boehner  (R )

- Chief Justice John Roberts

Legislature Congress

- Upper House Senate

- Lower House House of Representatives

Independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain

- Declared July 4, 1776

- Recognized September 3, 1783

- Currentconstitution

June 21, 1788

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Area

- Total 9,826,675 km2  [1][c](3rd/4th)

3,794,101 sq mi 

Population

- 2010 census 308,745,538

[2]

(April)

- Density 33.7/km2 

87.4/sq mi

- Per capita $46,381[3] (9th)

Currency United States dollar  ($) (USD)

George WashingtonGeorge Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799) On April 30, 1789, George Washington, standing on the balcony of 

Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York, took his oath of office as the first President of the United States. "As the first of every thing,

in our situation will serve to establish a Precedent," he wrote James Madison, "it is devoutly wished on my part, that these precedents

may be fixed on true principles." Born in 1732 into a Virginia planter family, he learned the morals, manners, and body of knowledge

requisite for an 18th century Virginia gentleman. He pursued two intertwined interests: military arts and western expansion. At 16 he

helped survey Shenandoah lands for Thomas, Lord Fairfax. Commissioned a lieutenant colonel in 1754, he fought the first

skirmishes of what grew into the French and Indian War. The next year, as an aide to Gen. Edward Braddock, he escaped injury

although four bullets ripped his coat and two horses were shot from under him.From 1759 to the outbreak of the American

Revolution, Washington managed his lands around Mount Vernon and served in the Virginia House of Burgesses. Married to a

widow, Martha Dandridge Custis, he devoted himself to a busy and happy life. But like his fellow planters, Washington felt himself 

exploited by British merchants and hampered by British regulations. As the quarrel with the mother country grew acute, he

moderately but firmly voiced his resistance to the restrictions.When the Second Continental Congress assembled in Philadelphia inMay 1775, Washington, one of the Virginia delegates, was elected Commander in Chief of the Continental Army. On July 3, 1775, at

Cambridge, Massachusetts, he took command of his ill-trained troops and embarked upon a war that was to last six grueling

years.He realized early that the best strategy was to harass the British. He reported to Congress, "we should on all Occasions avoid

a general Action, or put anything to the Risque, unless compelled by a necessity, into which we ought never to be drawn." Ensuing

battles saw him fall back slowly, then strike unexpectedly. Finally in 1781 with the aid of French allies--he forced the surrender of 

Cornwallis at Yorktown.Washington longed to retire to his fields at Mount Vernon. But he soon realized that the Nation under its

Articles of Confederation was not functioning well, so he became a prime mover in the steps leading to the Constitutional Convention

at Philadelphia in 1787. When the new Constitution was ratified, the Electoral College unanimously elected Washington President.He

did not infringe upon the policy making powers that he felt the Constitution gave Congress. But the determination of foreign policy

became preponderantly a Presidential concern. When the French Revolution led to a major war between France and England,

Washington refused to accept entirely the recommendations of either his Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson, who was pro-French,

or his Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton, who was pro-British. Rather, he insisted upon a neutral course until the UnitedStates could grow stronger.To his disappointment, two parties were developing by the end of his first term. Wearied of politics, feeling

old, he retired at the end of his second. In his Farewell Address, he urged his countrymen to forswear excessive party spirit and

geographical distinctions. In foreign affairs, he warned against long-term alliances.Washington enjoyed less than three years of 

retirement at Mount Vernon, for he died of a throat infection December 14, 1799. For months the Nation mourned him.

Washington D.C.

Washington, D.C. formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D.C., is the

capital of the United States founded on July 16, 1790. The U.S. Constitution allows for the creation of a special district to serve as the

permanent national capital. The District is therefore not a part of any U.S. state and is instead directly overseen by the federal 

government. Within the District, a new capital city was founded in 1791 and named in honor of George Washington. The City of 

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Washington, along with Georgetown andoutlying areas within the federal district, were placed under a single, unified government

following an act of Congress in 1871. It is for this reason that the city, while legally named the District of Columbia, is known as

Washington, D.C. The city shares its name with the U.S. state of Washingtonlocated on the country's Pacific coast.

The District is located on the north bank of the Potomac River and is bordered by the states of Virginia to the southwest

and Maryland to the other sides. The city has a resident population of 601,723; because of commuters from the surrounding suburbs,

its population rises to over one million during the workweek. The Washington Metropolitan Area, of which the District is a part, has a

population of 5.4 million, the eighth-largest metropolitan area in the country.

The centers of all three branches of the U.S. federal government are located in the District, as are many of the nation's monuments

and museums. Washington, D.C. hosts 174 foreign embassies as well as the headquarters of the World Bank, the International 

Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organization of American States (OAS), the Inter-American Development Bank, and the Pan American 

Health Organization (PAHO). The headquarters of other institutions such as trade unions, lobbying groups, and professional

associations are also located in the District.

Washington, D.C., is governed by a mayor and a 13-member city council. However, the United States Congress has supreme

authority over the city and may overturn local laws. Residents of the District therefore have less self-governance than residents of the

states. The District has a non-voting, at-large Congressional delegate, but no senators. D.C. residents could not vote in presidential 

elections until the ratification of the Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1961.

Natural Numbers and the Integer 

Natural number, which can also be called a counting number, is represented by the digits from 0, 1, 2, 3 ... through to infinity. In mathlaw, there must be an infinite number of natural number digits, since each natural number is defined in part by having a number thatfollows it. These numbers are also whole numbers, not fractions or decimals, and can be used for counting or ordering.

The main distinction between a natural number and an integer is that natural numbers, with the exception of zero, are only positive.There is no number below zero, and a natural number can't be followed by zero, such as is the case with -1,0. Essentially this definesnatural numbers as anything zero or above that is whole and not fractional. Zero is generally considered to be the only naturalnumber that is not positive.

The concept of zero evolved long after civilizations began using counting numbers. Earliest records of counting numbers from 1-10date to over 4000 years ago, when the use of specific written code to signify place were used by the Babylonians. The Egyptianswrote hieroglyphs for each digit, but it wasn't until about 1000 BC that the concept of zero was created by the Mayan and Olmeccivilizations.

Though the Olmec and Mayan groups show the first records of the use of zero, the concept of zero also developed in India, in the 7thcentury BCE. It was the Indian use, rather than Mesoamerican use that was adopted by civilizations like the Greeks.

There are many ways in which natural numbers can be used in math applications. They can limit problems by suggesting that theanswer must be a natural number. They are also studied in specific application in set theory, mathematics that evaluates sets of things. Number theory may evaluate natural numbers as part of the set of integers or independently to see if they behave in certainways or exhibit certain properties.

An integer is what is more commonly known as a whole number . It may be positive, negative, or the number zero, but it must be

whole. In some cases the definition of whole number will exclude the number zero, or even the set of negative numbers, but this is

not as common as the more inclusive use of the term. Integers are the numbers people are most familiar with, and they serve a

crucial role in virtually all mathematics.

o understand what an integer is — that is to say, why it is different than simply a ‘number’ — we must look at the other sets of numbers that can exist. Many of these sets overlap with the integer set in some areas, and some are virtually identical. Others havevery little in common with any integer — these sorts of numbers tend to be much less familiar to most people.

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The subset of positive integers is probably the oldest set of numbers. This group is often referred to as the set of counting numbers,since these are the numbers used to count things and ideas. The numbers in the positive integer set are all of the whole numbersabove zero. So the set would be listed as {1, 2, 3, 4, …} and so on, forever. Like the set of integers itself, the positive integers areinfinite. Since people have been counting as far back as we know of, this set has also existed for a very long time. Although it maynot have been known to be infinite, the set was still essentially the same.

A very closely related set is the set of all non-negative integers. This set is identical to the set of positive integers, except that it alsoincludes the integer zero. Historically, the number zero was an innovation that came about quite a bit after the counting numbers hadbeen in wide-spread use.

Both of these sets may be referred to as the set of natural numbers. Some mathematicians prefer to exclude the integer zero from

the natural numbers, while others find it useful to include it. If we consider the more inclusive definition, we can then define an integer as any member of the set of natural numbers, as well as their negative counterparts.

Whole Number 

The numbers {0, 1, 2, 3, ...} etc.

There is no fractional or decimal part. And no negatives.

Example: 5, 49 and 980 are all whole numbers.

Body System

Body System Function Important Organs or body parts

Skeletal Supports and protects internal organs

Marrow produces red blood cells

bones

Muscular  Moves parts of body by expanding and

contracting

muscle

Circulatory Moves nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, wastes

through the body

heart

blood

Respiratory Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide (gases)

between blood and environment

lungs

Trachea

bronchi

Nervous Sends electrical signals or messages brain

nerves

Digestive Breaks down food and nutrients to be used by

body

Eliminates feces

stomach

mouth, esophagus, small intestine, large

intestine, liver,

gall bladder, pancreas

Reproductive Makes new life sex organs

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Endocrine Regulates body functions

Controls biochemical pathways of the body

glands

Integumentary Protection of the body

Gets rid of dead cells

skin, hair, fingernails, sweat glands

Excretory

and

Urinary

Removal of liquid wastes Skin – sweat glands

lungs

kidneys

Immune Protection from microbes, viruses, harmful

bacteria

skin

white blood cells

Lymphatic Removes excess fluid from tissues. Produceswhite blood cells and antibodies.

Fights disease causing organisms.

Lymph nodes

lymphocytes

Anatomical Diagrams

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