synoptic: bridging the development gap east africa

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Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

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Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa. Wordle of advance info whole text. Wordle of advance info edited text. East Africa: The key ideas. Development…. Conflict… Threats… Players…. Actions…. Futures…. East Asia: Geographical overview. Physical factors: - Relief - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Synoptic: Bridging the Development GapEast Africa

Page 2: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Wordle of advance info whole text

Page 3: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Wordle of advance info edited text

Page 4: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

East Africa: The key ideas

Development….

Conflict…

Threats…

Players….

Actions….

Futures….

Page 5: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

East Asia: Geographical overview

Physical factors:- Relief- Climate- Natural resources (water / energy / food)

Human factors:- Population density- HDI- Colonial legacy and political allies / groupings- Development- Population structure / change- Agriculture

Page 6: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Physical factors: Relief, water and tectonics

Much of E.Africa’s western interior is highland, but wet

and fertile> Tectonics/ horst

and graben/ volcanic activity

> High population density

Not many of the region’s rivers/lakes connect the coast to its interior

> Barrier to development?> Expensive to create/use land links

E.African coast is low

but dry> Low

population density

Page 7: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Physical factors: Tectonics

http://geology.com/articles/east-africa-rift.shtml

E. African Rift:- Early stage constructive

(divergent) plate boundary

- Continental plate being thinned by mantle plume

- Horst and graben topography

> fertile valleys from basalt eruptions and erosion of valley sides with wet highlands)- Leads to wide altitudinal

range > biodiversity

Page 8: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Physical factors: Climate

http://www.grida.no/publications/other/aeo/?src=/aeo/032.htmhttp://en.climate-data.org/location/541/

What broad summary can you

make about rainfall levels in Kenya,

Uganda and Tanzania?

Page 9: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Physical factors: Climate and ITCZ

http://www.nature.com/ncomms/journal/v4/n5/fig_tab/ncomms2897_F2.html

Page 10: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Physical factors: Climate zones and food

http://exploringafrica.matrix.msu.edu/students/curriculum/m19/activity2.php

What is the link between climate, food production,

population density and natural hazards

in the region?

Page 11: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Physical factors: Climate zones and food

http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/j8227e/j8227e06.htm#TopOfPage

What is the link between climate, food production,

population density and natural hazards

in the region?

Page 12: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Physical factors: Energy resources

http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/interactive/2012/jun/14/bp-world-energy-statistics-production-consumption-reserves

http://www.eia.gov/countries/regions-topics.cfm?fips=eeae

Page 13: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Physical factors: Energy resources

http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/Kenya-targets-green-energy-invests-in-geothermal-production-/-/539550/1474724/-/14j1594z/-/index.html

Kenya Tanzania Uganda

Thermal (Oil, coal, gas) 22% 11% 1%

Hydro 6% 1% -

Geothermal 1% - -

Wind 0.5% - -

Biomass (Wood, Charcoal etc.) 70% 88% 99%

Page 14: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Physical factors: Water resources

http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml

Page 15: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Human factors: Population density

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Click%20on%20image%20to%20zoom&p=PMC3&id=3283664_pone.0031743.g001.jpg

Average pop. densities:

Kenya: 69 people/km2

Tanzania: 46 people/km2

Uganda: 136 people/km2

Page 16: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Human factors: Development contrasts (HDI)

Page 17: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Human factors: Colonial legacy

Page 18: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Human factors: Cold War allegiances

Further research and definitions of Cold War / WWII:http://www.history.com/topics/cold-warhttp://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii

Page 19: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Themes/ideas: Sustainable development

Sustainable development

Environmental safeguarding/ improvement

Economic needs

Social needs

Page 20: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Development: Rostow’s model

Page 21: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Development: Frank’s dependency theory

http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2012/oct/22/resource-extraction-colonialism-legacy-poor-countries

Page 22: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Development: Myrdal and cumulative causation

Page 23: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Topic map of overall theme

Development Gap: East Africa

Futures

Physical / human

features

Players

Actions

Issues

Page 24: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

EnergyRift

Topic map of overall theme

Development Gap:

East AfricaFutures

Features/ Characteristics

Players

Actions

Issues

Physical features

Water

Conflict

Climate

Human features

IGOs TNCs

Local

Population

Regional

Global

HIPC Aid

Urbanisation Developme

nt

Trade blocs

Page 25: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

How can I be

“synoptic”?

Use of broad geographical

themes

Links to areas of AS and A2

course

Use ‘new’ information from

researchParallel

examples

Page 26: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Globalisation

Inequality

UpdatesMercosur/Caricom

East AfricaUse of broad geographical

themes

Use ‘new’ information

from research

Parallel examples

Aral Sea

Sustainability

Going Global

Water Conflict

Links to areas of AS

and A2 courseEnergy

Security

StatisticsR.Nile

Geopolitics

Superpowers Tech Fix

N.Africa

Biodiversity

Climate change

Sand damsNabucc

o

Page 27: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Parallel examplesGeopolitical tension/conflict over resources (development + water):

> Aral Sea> Nile

Regional inequalities and conflicts (link to weak governance):> Middle East> N.Africa (Maghreb)

Trade blocs> Mercosur> Caricom

Major infrastructure project (top-down)> Nabucco pipeline

Page 28: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Further research / updatesUN / World Bank classification of countries as HIC, MIC, LIC etc..www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/wesp/wesp_current/2012country_class.pdfwww.data.worldbank.org

UN OCHA country info:http://www.unocha.org/eastern-africa/about-us/about-ocha-eastern-africa/kenya

UN Millennium Development Goals:http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/http://www.mdgtrack.org/index.php?tab=c&c=KEN

World Bank data on the countries:http://data.worldbank.org/country/tanzania

HIPC factsheet (IMF – with good links to other sites):https://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/facts/hipc.htm

http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTDEBTDEPT/0,,contentMDK:20260411~menuPK:528655~pagePK:64166689~piPK:64166646~theSitePK:469043,00.html

Page 29: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Further research / updatesPopulation growth:http://www.prb.org/Publications/Datasheets/2013/2013-world-population-data-sheet/world-map.aspx#map/world/population/2013http://ilri.org/infoserv/Webpub/fulldocs/Critical/resource.htm

Somalia 2010 (drought/conflict/refugees):http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22380352http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/DR-2011-000029-KEN_0720.pdfhttp://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=51411

Malaria:Page from EAC (East African Community) websitehttp://www.eac.int/health/index.php?option=com_content&id=95%3Amalaria-prevention-and-control&Itemid=32http://environmentalresearchweb.org/cws/article/news/56351

Africa outlook:http://www.grida.no/publications/other/aeo/

Page 30: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Further research / updatesEAF and background:http://www.monitor.co.ug/OpEd/Commentary/Can-the-East-African-federation-beat-history-/-/689364/2056238/-/t9jtk1z/-/index.hamlet

Conflict over Lake Victoria:http://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2011-08-19-uganda-and-kenya-primed-to-draw-arms-over-tiny-lake-victoria-island/#.U47g0l7iltE

Chinese investment:New railway in Kenyahttp://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27368877

http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/interactive/2013/apr/29/china-commits-billions-aid-africa-interactive

Imports/exports:http://atlas.media.mit.edu/explore/tree_map/hs/export/tza/all/show/2010/

Page 31: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Further research /notable gapsNGOs / Appropriate technology/ sustainable development - Sand dams:http://www.excellentdevelopment.com/articles/people-amp-communities/sand-dams-explained-in-film

Role of TNCs in development – Camellia plc / tea plantations:http://www.camellia.plc.uk/our-customers/tea

Tourism and link to development/environment:- Kenya (safari and marine) e.g. Masai Mara (safari) and coastal tourism)http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2011/dec/12/tourism-turtles-kenya-populationhttp://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/where_we_work/east_african_coast/- Uganda (Gorillas)http://www.albertinerift.org/Wildlife/Apes/MountainGorillas.aspxhttp://www.grida.no/graphicslib/detail/economic-impacts-of-gorilla-tourism-in-uganda_b996- Tanzania (Kilimanjaro, Udzungwa NP) http://www.tanzaniaparks.comUdzungwa: http://www.udzungwa.org/default.asp?pagesID=1 (home)

http://www.udzungwa.org/default.asp?pagesID=47 (info on management)Ngorongoro: http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/39

http://www.craterlodge.com

Page 32: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Some ideas for questions #1

1. Explain the variations in current levels of development in East Africa.

2. Explain how the physical, economic and political factors of the region have limited development to date.

3. Examine the factors that have led to uneven development in the region of East Africa.

4. Account for the recent changes in levels of development in the East African region.

5. Examine the factors that have led geopolitical tension in East Africa.

6. Evaluate the contribution that globalisation has made to development and quality of life in East Africa.

7. To what extent will trade be important in the development of the East Africa region?

8. To what extent does political tension threaten the future development of East Africa?

…continued on the next slide.

Page 33: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa

Some ideas for questions #2

1. Assess the severity of potential sources of conflict in East Africa in future.

2. To what extent is conflict in East Africa a threat to the stability and continuing development of the region?

3. Assess the role of governance in the past and future development of the East African region.

4. Evaluate the sustainability of the LAPSSET project

5. Examine the roles that a range of Players and Actions could take in helping East African countries to develop further.

6. Assess the sustainability of continued development in East Africa.

7. Evaluate the social, political and economic threats to further development in East Africa.

Page 34: Synoptic: Bridging the Development Gap East Africa