symicron remote access router (manual)

Remote Access RouterUser Manual

Edition 1.06

Safety and Approvals

Safety

Symicron products meet the safety requirements for use throughout Europe.

73/23/EEC User Safety91/263/EEC Terminal Safety89/336/EEC Electro Magnetic (EMC) Safety

Approvals

Approval reference : 606892

The Symicron Remote Access Router meets or exceeds the following standards

Emissions EN50081-1, EN55022 Class B.Immunity EN50082-1, EN55101-1, -2, -4.Telecom EN41003, EN60103.It is Net2, Net3 and I-CTR3 tested and approved.

Symicron is a BABT approved Manufacturing Facility (Facility REference 0905)

The EN41003 safety status of the ports is as follows:-

BNC Port SELVISDN Port TNVV.24 Serial Port SELV

Safety and Approvals Safety

2 Remote Access Router User Guide

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Safety and ApprovalsSafety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Approvals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

PrefaceIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

What’s covered in this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Other information sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Using the manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Typographic conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Communications OverviewAnalogue systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Digital systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Types of service available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Main ISDN benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Rapid call connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Data transfer benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Line sharing potential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

The Symicron solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

The Remote Access Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Full integration of multiple devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Hardware SectionPre-installation requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Edition 1.06 © Symicron 1998 3

Package contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Attaching the rubber feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Device attachment points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Connecting your ancillary devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Remote Access Router Ethernet Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Functions and facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Connecting to the LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Installation summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Software SectionOverview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Before you start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Connecting a PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Setting the environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Subscribing to advanced ISDN services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Installing the configuration software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Working with the application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Loading the software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Display features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

The tool bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

The menu bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

File menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Edit menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Devices menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

TABLE OF CONTENTS Approvals


System menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Options menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Test menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Help menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Quick guide to the user interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Selecting devices for configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Configuring the systemOverview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Protecting your work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Amending existing configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Future implementations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Setting your main options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

COM port settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Read details on startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Remote configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Call Log Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Serial device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Configuring the LAN for Gateway operationSetting the Local Area Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Configuring the Remote Access Router . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Configuring remote sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

MPPP configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Configuring Dial Back for Gateway OperationSetting the Local Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Configuring the Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Configure Remote Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Configuring the Answer profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Updating your Router’s configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Configuring for Single IP WorkingIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Setting the Local Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85



Updating your Router’s configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Configuring Dial Back for Single IP operationSetting the Local Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94



Configuring the Answer profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Updating your Router’s configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Other BRIC settingsPassword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Call log retrieval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Programming the BRICWriting configurations to the Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Downloading new BRIC software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112



Operational SectionInterpreting LED codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Standard ISDN operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Using the serial port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Ethernet operating instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Accessing remote systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Using Keyboard Command CodesEquipment required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

The Hayes Command structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

AT commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Testing the connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Operating mode setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Transfer rate setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Serial handshake settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Dialling and answering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Configuration options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Other options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Repeating a command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Numeric response code translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Common causes for call termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

The ‘S’ Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Standard registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Special extended registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Additional operating modesV.25bis and X.25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Initiating V.25bis mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Leaving V.25bis mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Initiating X.25 mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Leaving X.25 mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

TPAD Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Configuring the Router for TPAD operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Running the ACK configuration software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Setting up your Port profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Setting up your Site profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Running the ACK terminal emulation software . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Configuring V120 Multiple Transaction Identification(MTID) . . . . . . . . . 146

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

New ‘S’ Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Standard Configuration settings for V120MTID . . . . . . . 147

Remote Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Troubleshooting SectionBasic problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

First test the ISDN connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

If you can’t make data calls ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

If LED(s) are extinguished on your BRIC ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Wide area networking problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Problems with the local system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Problems accessing remote systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Further assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155



GlossaryHacking through the jargon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

Wall mount drilling template

IndexCross reference section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Preface

Introduction

Thank you for choosing Symicron BRIC products to enhance yourcommunications operations.

Now that you have decided to move ahead in the field of high speedcommunications, and take advantage of the very latest digital technology, you wantto be certain that you obtain the highest benefits from your investment. Bychoosing Symicron, you have demonstrated your confidence in our products, andhave shown that you value our knowledge and long-term experience of the digitalcommunications field.

We recognised some time ago that digital communications were the only wayforward in a world where the faster pace of business life demanded fastersolutions. By developing the BRIC range, we have shown that we can add value tothe basic ISDN services, at the same time constraining capital expansion costs byinterfacing existing analogue equipment to the digital networks.

We have designed a complete range of products to suit the majority of currentapplications and will continue to keep abreast of newer developments so that weare in a good position to introduce new products to satisfy evolving demands.

Each of the current BRICs carry out a specific function but they have all beendesigned to work in conjunction with each other, and the very latest technology hasbeen employed throughout. We are confident they will prove to be reliable in useand will help to solve many of your network connectivity and communicationproblems, at the same time proving their worth as truly cost-effective solutions.

Preface Introduction


What’s covered in this manual

The aim of this manual is to show you what each product is; what it will do foryou, and how you should use it to gain the highest benefits.

The manual also includes:

� a potted history of communications since the evolution of the telephone.

� a brief introduction to digital communication techniques and systems.

� an overview of the Remote Access Router system.

You will also find a section to help you overcome any problems you mayexperience, and a glossary of industry and computer-related terminology.

Other information sources

The bulk of this manual is dedicated to hardware/software installation, systemconfiguration and operating instructions. As such, it can be considered as areference aid for setting up and running the Remote Access Router.

The configuration software we supply with the product is designed to run on aWindows-based personal computer and we have therefore assumed that you willbe reasonably familiar with the Microsoft1 Windows2 environment. For thisreason, the manual does not include a full Windows tutorial. Although the userinterface is much like any other Windows product, there is a section covering thebasic tools used to operate the software but if you need any further information youshould refer directly to your Microsoft documentation.

Preface


[1] Microsoft is the registered trademark of the Microsoft Corporation

[2] Windows is a trademark of the Microsoft Corporation

We have also assumed that your understanding of networks is reasonably soundand we have not included a de facto guide to network administration. We have,however, included suggestions for advanced configuration and testing, and these,used in conjunction with other documentation produced specifically for your ownnetwork, should help you to achieve satisfactory results.

Preface Other information sources


Using the manual

This handbook guides you logically and sequentially through the installation andconfiguration process.

The main sections in the manual are structured in the following manner:

Communicationsoverview

This section adds to your background knowledge of communication aspects. Itexplains the differences between analogue and digital systems; shows the benefitsthat can be obtained from using the ISDN services, and demonstrates howSymicron have explored the various opportunities to develop systems that willenhance the basic services.

Hardware This section tells you everything you need to know about the Remote AccessRouter. Here you will learn how to assemble the device - both physically andelectrically.

Software This section is dedicated to the configuration software. Full instructions are givenfor installing the software on your computer, connecting the PC to the BRIC, andconfiguring the module that you have purchased. Procedures are also included fortesting the configuration to ensure that everything works as it should.

Operation When properly installed a BRIC device is mostly transparent in use, this sectiontells you how to use the Remote Access Router and interpret the codes indicated bythe LED on the unit.

Troubleshooting Should you experience any malfunctions, the systematic checks outlined in thissection should help you to determine the causes and rectify any problems.

Glossary As with all modern technology, the digital communications field has its ownjargon and it is very easy to overlook the fact that not everyone is familiar with theterminology. This section is intended as an instant reference for all the terms usedelsewhere in the manual and should take away some of the unfortunate mystique.

Hayes CommandCodes

Most communication packages use Hayes command codes to communicate withdata transfer devices and the BRIC is designed to be compatible with suchsoftware. Although the command codes themselves are often transparent to theuser, it is possible to use them to communicate directly with the BRIC. Thissection is included as a reference for all implemented instructions, and is especiallyuseful as an additional troubleshooting aid.

Preface


The Remote Access Router is also compatible with the V.25bis standard for dataconnections, as defined by CCITT, and can be controlled by a DTE when it isinitialised in V.25bis mode. The commands for entering and leaving this mode arecovered in this section, but detailed operating instructions are given in the BRICReference Manual.

* * *

Using the step-by-step guides, and illustrative examples, you should be able to getyour BRIC working quickly and effectively. Most of the instructions refer to theone-off operations necessary to get your device up and running, and will probablynot be used again unless reconfiguration becomes necessary.

You may, of course, need to refer again to certain sections of the manual if, forexample, you change the system configuration to accommodate additional remotesites, or you need to do a little troubleshooting, or you add another functionalmodule that requires programming. If so, you will find that the manual isstructured in such a way that you can easily find the information you need byinitial reference to the contents pages. Within each of the main sections you caneasily locate the information you need by reference to the lower level headings. Ifyou still cannot find the topic you want, you should refer to the index at the end ofthe manual. All the important features are cross-referenced in this section.

Preface Using the manual


Typographic conventions

As you read the manual, you will see that the pages contain general informationabout various procedures, details of any actions you must take, notes about specialpoints that are considered important, and warnings that are highlighted becausethey must be observed. In order to maintain a consistent standard throughout themanual, the last three items are always preceded by a unique typographic symbolthat will help you to immediately identify the nature of the following text.

� Instructions that require user input are preceded by this symbol

? Callouts preceded with a hand holding a pencil contain advice worthy ofspecial note.

F Warnings are indicated by a pointing finger and are enclosed in abox. Such warnings must ALWAYS be observed.

In addition to this, you should note that the following conventions are also used toidentify other instructions.

Bold Used mainly for file names or menu items; also acronyms or abbreviations.

Bold italic Used to indicate entries that need to be typed at the keyboard, i.e. Type a:\setup(where the characters in italic print are those that actually need to be input).

[Square brackets] Are used to indicate that the word within the parentheses relates to non-printingkeyboard characters such as [Enter] or [CTRL].

Preface


Communications Overview

Analogue systems

Alexander Graham Bell must have been immensely satisfied, back in 1877, whenhis new invention enabled two people to talk to each other down a single wireconnected between identical transmitting and receiving devices, each consistingonly of a flexible metal diaphragm and a horseshoe magnet wound with a wire coil.He may have realised then that later improvements to his invention might alloweven more people to be linked through a telephone network, even to the extent oflinking continents together. But he could never have imagined the ultimate impactof technological advances during the course of the following century.

Telephone networks developed quickly; at first linking together just a smallnumber of people in a given geographical area, but later expanding so that thenetworks became nation-wide. All connections between caller and receiver wereinitially handled by operators working in central switching offices but, as networksdeveloped, it became clear that manual connections were both slow andlabour-intensive. This prompted the design of mechanical and electronic switchingdevices that could handle the connections automatically, and minimise the degreeof human intervention.

Solid state technology not only allowed equipment to work automatically, but alsoincreased transmission speeds by huge factors, enabling semi-automatic exchangesto handle larger volumes of simultaneous calls.

Although intercontinental services started commercially in 1927, they actuallyused radio transmissions to cross oceans because amplification problems preventedthe use of cable until 1956 when the first submarine telephone cable was laid in theAtlantic Ocean between Newfoundland and Scotland.

Using frequencies in excess of 4,000 cycles per second - above the human voicerange - it was possible to carry more than 13,000 simultaneous calls in a singleconductor but the introduction of co-axial cable, with amplification repeatersinstalled at regular intervals, made it possible to increase the traffic volume by afactor of ten.

Communications Overview Analogue systems


The public telephone companies all used trunk cabling methods to build theirnetworks, and it worked well for many years despite the limitations imposed by thecabling. There were always new technological advances which produced betterways to use existing equipment but, until recently, all transmissions were based onanalogue methods which converted vocal sounds, or data, into electrical pulses.

These systems, known as PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Networks) certainlyplayed a major role in helping people and machines to communicate, but the needfor continual progress was ever present, as was the requirement for even fastertransmissions to handle the increasing volumes of electronic data generated bycomputer systems.

Digital systems

This dilemma was resolved by the discovery that optical glass fibre cables, used inconjunction with laser technology, could carry far more signals, and could alsoexploit the upper frequency spectrum. Messages could now be coded into digitallight pulses instead of electrical signals, and this provided faster methods oftransmission.

Realising the importance of such developments, the telephone companies started toswitch to the digital process, gradually converting their old trunk cabling systemsto fibre optics, and modernising exchanges to provide a wider platform ofconsumer services; at the same time reducing operating costs by eliminatingunnecessary manpower.

Although the cost of such conversion is high, it is intended that the IntegratedSystems Digital Network (ISDN) will be fully operational by the turn of thecentury. As existing links are converted, any transmissions between them takeimmediate advantage of the high speeds afforded by digital technology but withthe large majority of existing subscribers still transferring data by means of amodem, and using normal analogue telephones for voice calls, the digitalconnections in the exchange have to be converted to analogue form before beingput through to the subscriber.

The ultimate aim of the ISDN system is to offer the full capabilities of digitaltransmission to every subscriber, but until this happens the facility is only availableto those who are prepared to pay a slightly higher premium.



The new ISDN system is partly based on the old PSTN system, and therefore usesthe same local cabling network that currently links existing analogue devices. Theonly difference is that the terminating units at the subscriber’s end, and in theexchange, will allow digital information to be transmitted throughout the system.In simple terms, this means that ISDN is available at almost any point with astandard telephone service, and anyone who has a need for faster communicationscan take instantaneous advantage.

Types of service available

ISDN service is offered as either of two separate packages, each tailored to suitindividual requirements:

� Basic Rate offers two circuits on a single line

� Primary Rate carries 30 circuits on a single line

Each individual circuit is referred to as a ‘B’ channel and can carry either a datastream of 64,000 bits per second or a single telephone conversation. In addition,there is another line, known as the ‘D’ Channel, which can transmit at 16000 bps.This is commonly used for signalling information between the network and theterminal though, in some networks, it can also be used to transfer data.

Communications Overview Digital systems


? The UK Basic Rate service (known as ISDN2) provides the user with twoRJ45 sockets, each of which has both ‘B’ channels available.

Main ISDN benefits

The facility to connect directly to the digital network offers several major benefits,even at the most basic level. These include:

� Rapid call connection

� Fast data throughput with lower transmission error rates

� Line sharing potential

In the right circumstances, this may lead to reduced operating costs and, with theright ancillary equipment, superior management controls.

Rapid call connection

ISDN call connect times, at less than one second, are considerably faster than theconventional system which takes several seconds to establish a link. The callednumber, dialled from a PC, is passed through to the digital network at extremelyhigh speed. When you are connected to the remote location, the time savingscontinue to accrue.

Data transfer benefits

Analogue modems need to establish a handshake before data can be transferred,and this is accomplished by a series of exchanged signal tones which are used toidentify the transmission protocols. It can take as much as 30 seconds for twomodems to reach the ‘ready’ state and the transmission process is further hamperedby the fact that digital data are converted to analogue form at the source, and haveto be converted back to digital form at the destination.



Modern modems can transfer data at rates up to 28,800 bits per second but theoverall transmission speed is always limited to the highest rate of the slowerdevice. Data compression techniques help to minimise the on-line time but evenso, the whole process is still considerably slower than using digital throughputfrom end to end.

ISDN makes transmissions very much quicker, and therefore cheaper, providingalmost instantaneous connection without the need for data conversion. The data arefed straight into a digital ‘pipeline’ between the source and destination, with athroughput rated at 64 kbps.

Quite apart from any immediate cost savings, there are also many time-criticalsituations where fast communication is essential. For example:

� a video surveillance system can get immediate dial-up access to a centralcontrol point

� a retailer’s checkout point can obtain fast credit or debit card clearance andminimise the customer’s waiting time.

Digital technology is also less prone to errors and experience shows that ISDNconnections are substantially more reliable than ‘normal’ telephone lineconnections.

So, even before you start to ‘manage’ your system in the true sense of the word,there are distinct and immediate benefits if you need to move data with any sort offrequency.

Communications Overview Digital systems


Line sharing potential

The basic rate ISDN connection allows two devices to share one ISDN line byusing a passive bus system. The S-Bus, as it known, consists of a number ofextension points wired in series from the main Network Termination Unit (NTU).Any incoming call can be “seen” by all the connected devices, and any of thedevices can make an outgoing call if there is a free channel.

The drawback is that the bus will only support two active calls at any one time andwhen both lines are in use, no other equipment can initiate a call. This basicconstraint cannot be overcome physically and it can be something of a problem incertain circumstances.

Imagine, for example, the situation if an unauthorised intruder triggers the alarmsystem which controls a protected entrance and both ISDN channels are already inuse. If the alarm is supposed to connect to a central control point, it will not be ableto gain access to the telephone system until one channel becomes free again.

Previously, this situation would be resolved by having a dedicated PSTN line forthe alarm system, with its installation and rental costs justified only in the event ofan intrusion. A high cost perhaps for an infrequent occurrence. But it usually didn’tend there as other lines were often added to cater for card clearances, computercommunications, and so forth.

The basic ISDN system does allow a way round the problem by constrainingspecific items of equipment to a specific circuit on the S-Bus. This means thatcritical communications can be set up to use only one of the ‘B’ channels, with allother equipment confined to the other channel. This may guarantee that the policeknow about the intruder very quickly, but now there is a bottleneck on the otherchannel.

ISDNThe S-BUS

NTU

Attached Devices



Of course, the service provider will be more than happy to install another basic rateISDN line to give you another two ‘B’ channels but, with the current cost of ISDNconnections in the UK, this might be viewed as an expensive option, and you’re inthe same situation as you were with PSTN. This may lead you to think that theonly remaining option is the Primary Rate, 30-line system, but is it?

The Symicron solution

Symicron equipment adds the ‘management’ element to digital communications.This not only enhances the sophistication of basic ISDN facilities but also puts youin total control.

The Remote Access Router

The Symicron Remote Access Router provides ISDN communication accessbetween a host and remote LAN and it enables data to be transferred at a fasterrate.

The Basic Rate system still allows only two active calls at any one time, but theRemote Access Router - with the latest and highest standards in digitalcommunication technology - provides complete integration with ISDN togetherwith total control. It offers you all the features you would expect but with thefollowing additional benefits:

Full integration of multiple devices

Digital equipment (computers and alarm systems) can connect to the ISDNthrough the Remote Access Router. While the standard ISDN interface allows onlytwo device connections, the Router offers extended facilities to link several devicesto either or both of the lines.

Communications Overview The Symicron solution


Hardware Section

Pre-installation requirements

Before starting to assemble your Remote Access Router, it makes sense to checkthat you have all the necessary components you will need. The following check listcovers everything that you should consider:

� A working ISDN Basic Rate line with installed Network Termination Unit.

� Your Symicron Remote Access Router package

� A drill and screwdriver (if you plan to wall mount the BRIC.)

� The Windows configuration software (included with the Remote AccessRouter package)

� A Windows-based PC (for configuration purposes).

� An Ethernet connection point - UTP or Thin Ethernet

� A T-piece for Thin Ethernet (part number RS-458-639 / BNCY/FMF)

Hardware Section


Package contents

A basic Remote Access Router package consists of:

� the Remote Access Router BRIC module itself

� a wall fixing kit consisting of screws and wall plugs

� four rubber feet to prevent scratching if the unit is placed on a desk or shelf

� a manual

� a 3½" configuration diskette

� a set of BRIC brochures

� a returns form

� a covering letter

� You may also find other items (like a mains transformer, a V-24 male tofemale cable or an ISDN cable) but these will be relevant to the module youhave purchased, and will be specified on the enclosed packing list.

Attaching the rubber feet

If you do not wish to wall mount your Remote Access Router, you should attachthe four rubber feet from the fixing kit. These should be evenly spaced on theoutermost edges of the lower flange to provide adequate support for the BRIC.

Device attachment points

The pods on either side of the Remote Access Router are detachable. They are heldin place by three lugs and can be removed as follows:

� Pinch the rear innermost rear corners of the pod between the finger andthumb

� Apply slight pressure to release the lugs from their slots

� Pivot the pod outwards

Hardware Section Package contents


Beneath each pod you will find connection sockets for the various devices that youcan plug into the router. The sockets are all clearly labelled and are detailed in thesections relating to specific devices.

? Where possible, cables should be routed from the rear of the units throughthe ‘jug handle’ part of the frame and care should be taken to ensure thatdelicate cables are not trapped behind the unit when they are wallmounted. Please note, however, that it is not always possible to do thiswith cables fitted with bulky plugs and in such instances the pod will haveto be left off.

The pods are reattached by inserting the single lug into its locating slot and thenreversing the removal instructions. Please take care that you do not damage thelugs by exerting too much pressure - the pods are quite delicate, and only theslightest degree of pressure is needed to ensure that the lugs clear the housing.

Installation

The Remote Access Router has five connection sockets in total:

Beneath the left hand pod you will find three sockets:

� Two LAN connections

? One thin ethernet BNC connection point and one RJ45 UTP connectionpoint.

� One serial data port labelled S0

? The serial port connection is a standard RS232 / V.24 25 pin socket.The default Asynchronous data format is 8 Data bits, No Parity, 1 Stop BitThe default Asynchronous connection speed is 9,600 baud.The default Synchronous connection speed is 64,000 baud.

The left hand pod conceals two connection points:

� One which accepts the jack plug from the mains transformer. It is labelled12V DC Power In

� One socket for the cable which connects the module to the ISDN networkterminating unit. This is labelled ISDN Line and accepts the standard RJ45(8 pin) connector on the cable supplied with the unit.

Hardware Section


Connecting your ancillary devices

The processes described below indicate how to connect to your Remote AccessRouter.

� Connect the supplied ISDN cable

F Ensure that only the ISDN socket is used, and not the UTP socket onan Ethernet interface BRIC (if you have one).

� Plug in the 12V supply jack from the transformer and plug the transformerinto a mains socket

� Attach the supplied ribbon cable into the serial data port. This will be usedlater when you configure the BRIC system.

? With the exception of the UTP LAN and ISDN connections, each socket isuniquely formed and it is therefore very difficult to attach the wrongcables. If you find you are having to use extreme force, then you can becertain that you are attempting to connect the wrong cable into the socket.

Testing

When you apply power to the Router, the unit will perform a self test. After a fewseconds, the LED on the front face should turn from RED to GREEN. If it doesnot, you should refer to the troubleshooting section of the guide.

Hardware Section Package contents


Remote Access Router Ethernet Interface

Functions and facilities

The Ethernet Interface, on the Remote Access Router, allows you to link a LocalArea Network to a remote Network over the ISDN system. This enables linkedoffices to share data, query remote databases, exchange E-mail and output toremote printers.

Connections can be established between several remote LANs on a linked widearea network and two distinct lines of communication can be in operation at anyone time if both channels are available.

The Ethernet Interface also allows the two 64-Kilobit channels to be sharedbetween different data applications in a controlled manner.

The Ethernet Interface operates as a TCP/IP router, transparently linking to remotesystems when there is a data transmission requirement, and clearing connections atother times.

Established industry standards have been followed at all stages of the design andmanufacturing process so that the equipment can be interfaced with equipmentfrom other manufacturers.

The Ethernet Interface offers the following features:

� TCP/IP routing to as many as 64 destinations.

� Standard routing protocols - Internet Protocol (IP); Point-To-Point Protocol(PPP), Multi Point to Point Protocol (MPPP) and MPPP+.

� Dial on demand

� User security - PAP and CHAP

� Dual simultaneous destinations

� Fully-managed priority system.

� Ethernet BNC or UTP connection

Hardware Section


Connecting to the LAN

You can now connect a cable between the local Ethernet LAN and the Router’sEthernet Interface using one of the connectors described below:

UTP Connection For a UTP connected LAN, plug the RJ45 UTP connector into the socket on theRemote Access Router.

Thin Ethernet For a Thin Ethernet LAN, connect the T-piece to the BNC connector on theRemote Access Router.

? The part number for a correctly fitting T-piece from Radio Spares isRS-458-639

F Although connections are supplied for both UTP and Thin Ethernet,only ONE network can be connected at any one time.

The Router automatically detects which type of LAN is connected when thesystem is powered up but if no LAN is connected, the system will default to UTP.

? Ensure that the power is disconnected and then reapplied if ever the LANtype is changed. This ensures that the BRIC automatically re-registers thecorrect LAN type.

Testing

The only testing that can be undertaken at this stage is to ensure that the LED onthe front panel is showing GREEN. More sophisticated checks for satisfactoryoperation can only be applied after the system has been properly configured usingthe supplied software.

Hardware Section Remote Access Router Ethernet Interface


Installation summary

If you started right at the beginning of the manual, you should now knowsomething about Alexander Graham Bell, the history of telephone networks, a littleabout the problems associated with submarine cables, the reasons for the gradualextinction of switchboard operators at telephone exchanges, and the basic theory ofanalogue versus digital transmissions.

You should also have drawn some conclusions of your own and realised whyservice providers make such enormous profits, and thought about ways you canstop contributing so much to their funds by using Symicron equipment.

Couple all this with your personal childhood experiences with two tin cans on apiece of string and you are half way to becoming a communications expert in yourown right.

Moving on, you will have learned how to check the contents of the packages youhave purchased, know what they all do, and understand how to put them alltogether. This will have added somewhat to any previous engineering or electricalinstallation experience you may have had.

You may even have become an instant DIY expert after mounting the stack on awall without demolishing same.

All you need now is the experience of programming the BRIC to do what you wantit to do so you can now remove the floppy disk from its envelope having firststudied and digested the contents of the software licence agreement printed on theouter cover. This will also explain your conditions of use and warranty rights.

The fact that you are reading this manual indicates that you have bought at leastone BRIC, if not the complete range. If you are a couple of BRICs short, however,our Sales Manager is eager to hear from you!

Hardware Section


The next part of the exercise is wholly concerned with getting the BRIC to do morethan sit on the desk displaying coloured lights. It is assumed that you have read theearlier hardware installation instructions having previously removed the BRICfrom its box. If you haven’t, now is a good time to do so because the next chapterof this manual concentrates entirely on software configuration and it is amandatory requirement that you can only perform this operation if a fully-installedand functional BRIC is either standing on the desk, or mounted on a nearby wall.

When everything is ready, you can turn the page.

Hardware Section Installation summary


Software Section

Overview

It will help if you understand that the ISDN interface acts as the foundation of thewhole BRIC concept; it is the necessary interface between the ISDN system andany other LAN’s or equipment that may be connected to it. As such, it containsfirmware which retains all settings that are programmed into it, for the inputs on itsown body shell.

The software that accompanies the Remote Access Router contains theconfiguration routines for the basic ISDN set-up.

The software runs in the Microsoft Windows environment and is therefore quiteeasy to use. Its intuitive graphical interface helps you to define the correctparameters to program specific devices and, as long as you are pre-armed with thecorrect information, there is little you can do to get it wrong. If you do, however,the results of your mistakes will soon be apparent and, after checking thetroubleshooting section, you should soon be able to establish the source of yourproblems and quickly put matters right.

Before you start

There are several things you need to do, or at least take into consideration, beforeyou start the configuration process. The first concerns the equipment you will needto carry out the process, and the other points concern additional services you mayrequire before you can take full advantage of the more advanced features offeredby the Remote Access Router.

Software Section


Connecting a PC

The configuration parameters are fed to the BRIC system from a personalcomputer attached to the female-socket serial COM port on the Remote AccessRouter. A short male to female ribbon cable with 25-pin D-type connectors issupplied with the BRIC kit for this purpose. The cable can be extended, ifnecessary, by using a male to female modem cable and, indeed, it may benecessary to convert the 25-pin female connector to fit into a 9-pin male socket onthe back of the PC. In this instance you can either use a cable with a 9-pin femaleplug at one end and a 25-pin male plug at the other, or you can use a 25-pin to9-pin adapter.

One end of the cable is attached to the socket labelled S0 under the left hand pod ofthe Router and the other is attached to a spare serial port on the PC.

? Clearly, it is essential that your PC is equipped with two serial ports ifyou are already using a serial mouse. If you are using a bus mouse, or aPS/2 mouse, then a single serial port will suffice. The ribbon cable can beattached to any of the COM ports as the software can be set to recognisethe right connection.

Setting the environment

The PC must be equipped with Microsoft Windows because the configurationsoftware only runs in the Windows environment.

You can use Windows version 3.x without problems and the software has alsobeen tested satisfactorily with Windows NT and Windows 95.

Please ensure that the Windows software is properly installed before you start theconfiguration process, and check that the serial port you will use is properlyconfigured. The recommended setting is 9600 baud, 8 data bits, no stop bits and noparity.

Subscribing to advanced ISDN services

If you want to add more sophistication or security to the basic ISDN service, youcan take advantage of one or more of the supplementary services detailed on page22.

Software Section Before you start


Please note, however, that these services do form part of the basic agreement withyour service provider; they are subject to additional subscription arrangements andhave to be separately configured at the exchange.

If you think such features as multiple subscriber numbering, call line identification,etc., will prove useful from the outset, then you should ensure that the necessaryarrangements are in place before you start the BRIC configuration.

? Note: These facilities can be added retrospectively and it is a simplematter to change an existing BRIC configuration to take account of theadvanced services.

Installing the configuration software

The Symicron BRIC configuration software is installed under Windows in thenormal manner after inserting the supplied 3.5" floppy disk in the relevant drive.To get you under way, instructions are shown for both the popular current versionsof Windows.

Windows 3.xx � Select the Run command from the FILE menu in PROGRAMMANAGER.

� Type A:\SETUP on the command line

� Click the OK button

? If the 3.5" disk drive is assigned as drive B: on your system, you shouldamend the Run instruction to read B:\SETUP

If you have upgraded to Windows 95, you should use the following instructionsinstead:

Windows 95 � Click the START button

� Select SETTINGS

� Select CONTROL PANEL

� Select ADD - REMOVE PROGRAMS

Software Section


The Setup screen will appear and you should follow the instructions it offers. Ifyou have any problems with the installation, or any other features of the Windowsoperating system, you should consult your Windows documentation for furtherinformation.

The installation program will create a new Program Manager group calledSymicron, and will install four icons in the group. The program icon is labelledBRIC Setup; there is an icon for the help file, and there are two more icons fortext files which each contain late breaking information that may not be covered inthis manual.

When the installation process is complete, you should read both the text files - oneis called Readme; the other is called Release. Either can be viewed bydouble-clicking the respective icon.

Readme notes This file contains application details, a list of installation files, and brief operatinginstructions.

Release notes This file shows the release version number, details any problems that have beenfixed in the current release, and a history of fixes in previous releases.

You can now start the BRIC configuration routines.

Working with the application

Loading the software

Windows 3.x � Open the Symicron Program Group

� Double-click the BRIC Setup icon

Windows 95 � Click the Start menu

� Click Programs

� Click Symicron

� Click the BRIC Setup application

Software Section Working with the application


? Once the software is loaded, there are no operational differences betweenWindows 3.x methods and those used by Windows 95 but, as Windows 95is now presumed to be the de facto standard for the future, all screencaptures shown in the manual use the ‘95 graphical interface. If you arestill using an older version of Windows, the screens may look slightlydifferent but still have exactly the same functions.

Display features

The main configuration screen (shown below) will appear in the centre of yourdisplay immediately the software is loaded.

? Note: The main window has a fixed size and cannot be maximised to fillthe whole display area, though it can be minimised in the normal manner.

Immediately below the title bar you will see various headings in the menu bar andbelow that, the button bar contains icons which give you quick access to certainfunctions.

Software Section


The main body of the window shows an illustration of the Remote Access Routerand its interfaces represented by icons.

The status bar at the bottom of the window shows (to the right) a visual indicationof the position of the three lock keys:

� CAP - Caps (capitals) lock

� NUM - Number pad lock

� SCRL - Scroll lock

This merely duplicates the status of the keyboard lights and has no other specificpurpose so far as the application is concerned.

At the left hand side of the status bar you will see a message which normally reads“For help, press F1". This will change as you move the mouse over certainsensitive areas of the screen, and will give more meaningful messages when thepointer is over a menu selection.

* * *

If you are already familiar with other Windows products, you will immediatelyrecognise most of the features discussed above, and perhaps some of the icons usedin the button bar. The beauty of most Windows software is that the graphicalinterface is often common between different applications and it is quite possible tolearn how to use the interface without recourse to a manual.

If you feel confident about exploring on your own, you are welcome to skip thenext few sections which have been included as a reference for those users who maynot have hands-on experience.



The tool bar

The tool bar (sometimes known as the button bar) contains eleven icons whichgive you single-click access to certain file operations. They are used as follows:

This button allows you to start a completely new configuration file.

This button opens an existing configuration file

This button will save the currently open file, and will prompt for a file name if itdoes not already have one.

This icon allows you to write the configuration to the BRIC

This allows you to read the BRIC’s configuration

This one calls up the Priorities screen

This brings up the Password screen

This changes the display to include the clipboard panel

This allows you to choose and configure a serial port on your PC

Software Section


This displays the call log information screen.

This displays the help screen.

The menu bar

There are six functional menu headings, plus the ubiquitous Help menu option atthe right hand side of the menu bar. Each of these has a series of sub-menu optionswhich are selected by using mouse or keyboard techniques.

? All menu options have alternate keyboard selection codes which areshown in the following tables. Two key commands always start with theControl key (CTRL) and one other. Three key commands start with theALT key plus two others. In either case, the first two keys must be pressedsimultaneously.

The following tables each deal with one menu heading and show all the availableoptions together with the keyboard selection codes for each option.

Please note that:

� Some options may not be available at various points of the application andwill be greyed out. They will be returned to normal when they become avalid option.

� Keyboard commands are shown as CTRL + N, for example. The plus signis shown only to clarify the requirement for a second key and is not part ofthe input sequence. In this particular example, you would press and holddown the Control key, and then press the letter N.



File menu

These commands are mainly to do with configuration file operations - opening,saving, etc. You can also close the application with the Exit option.

New Alt + F + N Ctrl + N

Open Alt + F + O Ctrl + O

Save Alt + F + S Ctrl + S

Save As Alt + F + A

Write to BRIC Alt + F + W

Read from BRIC Alt + F + R

Download BRIC software Alt + F + D

Exit Alt + F + X

Edit menu

These commands allow you to use the Windows clipboard to store or retrieveitems.

Delete (Del) Alt + E + D Ctrl + X

Copy Alt + E + C Ctrl + C

Paste Alt + E + P Ctrl + V

? Remember that the Windows’ clipboard can only store one object at anyone time. If you cut or copy a second item to the clipboard, it replaces thefirst item.

Software Section


Devices menu

This menu allows to you select a specific device port for configuration.

LAN Interface Alt + D + L

Serial Interface Alt + D + S

? The individual ports have no direct keyboard access and are all moreeasily selectable by using methods you will learn later.

System menu

This menu caters for items which are setup initially but are changed infrequently.

Priority Table Alt + S + P

Set Password Alt + S + S

Call Log Alt + S + C

Call and Data Filters

Options menu

This menu contains options related to the system itself. They are usually set duringthe first session but can be amended if circumstances change.

COM Port Settings Alt + O + C

Enable Clipboard Alt + O + E

Read BRIC on Startup Alt + O + R

Remote Configuration Alt + O + M

Test menu

This feature is not yet implemented. Detailed instructions will be supplied as anaddendum when the full implementation is available.



Help menu

The Help option in the menu bar only displays the About dialogue - the helpscreens are all context-sensitive and are displayed by hitting the F1 key. Theresulting help page will apply only to the currently open property page.

Software Section


Quick guide to the user interface

Before moving on to the detailed instructions for the Remote Access Router, it’sworth spending a few minutes practising with the user interface so that you knowthe basic operations for moving about on-screen.

At this point, you do not need to enter any parameters so you will not affect theconfiguration in any way. If you want to experiment, you can always save theconfiguration file under a name that will distinguish it from a genuineconfiguration, i.e. TEST.BRC

Selecting devices for configuration

This is the default screen that shows whenever you load the application. TheRemote Access Router is featured in the centre of the window.

Software Section Quick guide to the user interface


Around the perimeter of the BRIC you will see graphics depicting one Networkand one Computer - these represent the ports available on the module. In thisinstance there is one serial connection for data communications (S0), and One LANconnection (L0). If you double-click on any of the surrounding icons, the actionproduces a child window in which you would enter the configuration parameters.

To see how it works, double-click the icon labelled L0.

? Double-clicking the icon body opens the configuration window butdouble-clicking the icon’s legend bar allows you to change the devicename (i.e. L0) to a user-defined label.

The resulting child window should look exactly like the one shown below:

? This window can also be selected from the menu bar by pulling down theDevices heading and clicking L0.

You don’t need to do anything more at the moment because the parametersthemselves will described in detail later.

� Click either the OK button or the CANCEL button to close the childwindow.

Software Section


? In normal circumstances you would click the OK button to save the detailsyou entered, or the CANCEL button to abort the entry without saving anychanges. For this demonstration, we have not entered anything so itdoesn’t matter which button is clicked.

Software Section Quick guide to the user interface


Configuring the system

Overview

This software allows you to configure the Remote Access Router.

It will help, at this stage, if you understand that the required parameters are enteredas separate fields of an overall configuration record. Each port on a device has itsown configuration. When every port has been configured, the whole set ofparameters are passed electronically to the Remote Access Router where they areheld in firmware.

Each complete set of parameters can also be saved as a disk file which can easilybe reloaded should reconfiguration prove necessary. In such cases, the parameterscan again be passed to the module as they are, or they can be changed and thentransmitted.

The current firmware settings can also be read from the BRIC by the configurationsoftware and changed if necessary.

The advantage of keeping settings on disk is that the file can be easily accessed andpassed to the device. In other words, you do not need to go through the detailedsetup procedures as you would with an initial configuration.

Additionally, you can keep any number of different setup files on disk, and changeparameters quickly if an alternate instruction set is required.

Protecting your work

The overall configuration record is made up of many smaller parts which you willset up by working through a number of property pages for each device attached tothe system. In the first instance, this will be a fairly lengthy process and you shouldtake steps to ensure that you do not lose the results of your effort. The finalconfiguration is not fed to the BRIC until it is complete but it can be saved to adisk file at any stage. This will at least ensure that your work is protected in theevent of an unexpected power cut, or similar.

When you are working on your first configuration you can save it to disk evenbefore you enter any parameters. This will ensure that the file is given a name andsubsequent saves will be much faster.

� Select File, Save As from the menu bar



� Enter a file name in the dialogue box

? All configuration files have a BRC extension so you can easily recognisethem if you maintain several different configurations.

� Click OK

? You will only need to supply a name for the file when it is a completelynew configuration; if you have opened an existing file for amendment, theSave command will overwrite the previous version.

The Save command can be exercised after you have set up each device. It adds alittle time to the process but can prevent considerable heartache (and bad language)if your local electricity company decide to turn off the power, or if the gentlemanworking in the digger outside happens to drag the bucket through the mains supply.

Once the file has a name, you can save it quickly by clicking the Save icon in thebutton bar.

Amending existing configurations

If you need to change a configuration at any stage, you can either call up the filefrom disk or read it from the BRIC. Amendments are made in the same way as newentries, and can be saved and passed back to the BRIC on completion.

Future implementations

As you work through the settings you will observe that some options and propertypages are not available and are greyed out. These have mainly been provided toallow for future enhancements to the software and are not documented in thisversion of the manual.

Configuring the system Quick guide to the user interface


Setting your main options

The starting point for your system configuration should be the Options menu. Thisis where you can configure settings that apply to the application’s generaloperation.

There are four choices on the sub-menu, and these each need to be selected in turn.

COM port settings

This allows you to select the COM port on your PC that will be connected to theRemote Access Server and set up the communications protocols for the serialinterface.

When you first display the Port Settings dialogue box, the COM port setting willshow “None” and needs to be changed to indicate the port you are using. You caneither pull down the list box and select from COM1 through to COM4, or you canClick the Search button to initiate the autosearch feature. In this case the softwarewill examine each serial port on your system to determine where the BRIC isconnected.



? The BRIC must be installed and connected to the PC for the autosearchfeature to work properly. If no connection is found, a warning dialoguewill be displayed. Please note, however, that the autosearch feature willnot function correctly if the interface speeds on your PC are set differentlyfrom those in the configuration window.

You next have to configure the individual settings for your serial interface if theyare different from the default settings shown in the dialogue window. The standardsettings are:

� 9600 Baud, no parity, no handshake, 8 data bits and one stop bit.

You can view the settings for your serial port by using the Windows control panel(Ports in 3.xx or Start / settings / control panel / system / device manager /ports / properties in Windows 95). If your PC’s settings disagree with the onesshown in the dialogue box, correct them by clicking the appropriate radio buttons.

? Alternatively, you can change the actual port settings on your PC tomatch the defaults shown above.

When you have finished click the OK button to save the settings.

* * *

Of the three remaining remaining selections in the Options menu, two are toggleitems. They are toggled on by clicking the appropriate heading and the ON state isindicated by the presence of a tick next time you pull down the Options menu.

Read details on startup

This toggle dictates whether or not parameter settings are read from the firmwarein the BRIC each time the configuration software is loaded. If the option ischecked (with a tick showing) the software will search for the attached BRIC andread the current settings.

? If no BRIC is attached, the software will still make a check, and willreport that connection was not made. No harm will be done by this routinebut the software will go into “off-line” mode if communication cannot beestablished with the BRIC.



Remote configuration

In normal circumstances you will usually configure only the BRIC attached to theCOM port on your own PC but this option allows you also to configure BRICsattached either:

� to a remote PC on an ISDN line

� to another PC on the same LAN as your own computer

The routine is called as follows

� select the Remote Configuration option from the options menu.

This produces the configuration dialogue window shown in the next illustration.

? The Local radio button will always be checked by default when you startthe configuration software as most operations will be performed on thelocal BRIC.



To communicate with any BRIC other than the local device you must click theappropriate mutually-exclusive radio button and then enter the required parametersdescribed below:

Asynchronous Remote - The only parameter required for connecting to a remoteBRIC is the ISDN number that must be dialled to reach it.

TCP/IP - When you want to configure another BRIC, on a remote LAN connectedvia the ISDN, you must enter its IP address in the edit boxes provided.

Whichever option you choose, your PC can communicate with the remote BRIC assoon as you select either the Read from BRIC or Write to BRIC option.

In the case of async remote connection, the ISDN number will be dialledautomatically, the selected action will be performed, and a progress dialogue boxwill appear. The line will be cleared automatically as soon as the operation hasbeen completed. If the call fails, or the remote BRIC is already being configuredby another computer, an appropriate error message will be displayed.

A TCP/IP connection will be notified to you either as satisfactory or failedthrough a message dialogue. A failed connection may result when the BRIC isalready being configured by another computer or when the LAN is very busy. Ofcourse it may be due to the incorrect IP address being entered!

Time -out - The BRIC response Time-out defaults to 400 milliseconds, i.e. it willwait 400ms for a response from the remote BRIC before it disconnects. In mostcases this setting will be adequate but if you experience time-out errors, such asyou might with a TCP/IP connection, you can increase this setting slightly up to amaximum value of 4000 milliseconds.

The procedures described above can be very useful for trouble shooting purposes.For example, you could enter the ISDN Number for a remote BRIC, read itsconfiguration into your own PC, make the necessary changes, then write theupdated configuration parameters back to the remote BRIC. The system wouldgenerate one ISDN call for the read option and one for the write operation.

F When you have finished working on a remote BRIC please rememberto click again on the LOCAL radio button to set the software back toits default settings. This will not, however, be necessary if you exit theconfigurator as this action will automatically reset the flag toLOCAL.



Call Log Display

This option sets the detail level of the call Log display i.e. each choice will showdifferent parameters;

Complete This option will show all details of every logged call (ISDN, PPP, PAP, LCP etc)

Call Duration This option will show call success or failure and the duration of the call.

Diagnostic(Recommended)

This option will show call success or failure but has the added advantage of givingreasons by way of termination codes.



Serial device

The serial port is depicted by a computer icon, and is used to represent the RemoteAccess Router’s serial interface.

The device name is prefixed with an ‘S’ and is numbered from zero. Only oneserial interface is provided on the Router.

The device is configured using the screen illustrated below.

Hayes Modes

The Response Mode is a mutually exclusive choice between Verbal andNumeric. It determines whether the result codes are displayed as numbers orwords.

The Command Interface has the Echo feature enabled by default and, in thisstate, will display the communication commands on the monitor as they areprocessed. If Quiet Mode is toggled, result messages will be switched off.

Either or both of the check boxes can be toggled to suit your purposes.

The box in the bottom half of the panel, when checked, will reset all parameters onall the Hayes pages back to their default values.



F If you plan to change settings on other pages, the default box shouldbe unchecked.

Hayes Serial

These parameters can be changed, if required, although a fully asynchronous modewith the default settings is normally desirable.

Clicking any of the mutually exclusive buttons to change the interface mode altersthe degree to which you can fine tune the remaining settings, but all are set bydefault to normally accepted standards and should only be changed if you arecertain that the connected device uses different settings.



Hayes Controls

This page has variable flow control settings for:

� Data Terminal Ready (DTR)

� Data Carrier Detect (DCD)

� Request to Send / Clear to Send (RTS / CTS)

� Data Set Ready (DSR)

The following notes explain the effects of each setting:

DTR Mode

Ignore DTR: The state of DTR is ignored.

DTR ON to OFF enters command mode: DTR drop puts the TerminalAdapter into command mode without disconnecting the call.

DTR ON to OFF disconnects call: DTR drop causes the Terminal Adapterto break an active connection and enter the command mode.



DTR ON to OFF resets interface: DTR drop causes the Terminal Adapterto reset if an ATZ command had been issued. The TA will on reset afterreleasing the connection. This may take up to 20 seconds.

DCD Control

On Always in synchronous mode: DCD is always ON in &Q0 mode.DCD is on when connected in &Q1 and &Q2 modes.

On when connected: DCD is on when connected.

CTS Control

CTS follows RTS after delay: CTS follows RTS after a delay set by S26

RTS ignored CTS asserted when connected: RTS is ignored; CTS isasserted when connected.

RTS to CTS delay: This register holds the time delay, in 1/100th of asecond, of the Terminal Adapter turning CTS ON after detecting an OFF toON transition on RTS when set in AT&R0 and in synchronous mode. (&Q1or &Q2).

DSR Control

ON always while TA connected: Forces DSR to remain ON at all timeswhile the Terminal Adapter is powered on.

ON only while TA connected: DSR is on only when the Terminal Adapteris connected. In this mode DSR is performing the function of DCD. TheDCD signal is not affected in any way.

? The Terminal Adapter (TA) referred to in the preceding text is the RemoteAccess Router.

? More information about Hayes command codes can be found in thesection starting on page 118 .



Hayes Calls

On this page you can set the modem to answer incoming calls automatically. Whenthe box is checked, you can then enter the ring count which the modem will use tohook the line. The default if no figure is entered will be the third ring but this canbe changed to suit your requirements with a maximum of 255.

If the calling modem generates an ATDZ signal it tells the receiving modem to dialthe remote telephone number that you enter in the panel.



Hayes Characters

This screen allows to change settings for serial ports operating in Hayes mode.

The Escape Character you wish to use can be selected from the pick list if thedefault needs to be changed. The value in the panel below (Escape Guard Time)indicates the time lapse surrounding the Escape character before it accepted asvalid.

The three panels on the right all have pick lists which allow you to change thecharacters used for Carriage Return (CR), Line Feed (LF) and Backspace (BS).

F WARNING: If you change these parameters you will not be able touse this program to read from, or write to, the BRIC.

When you have completed this page you can click the OK button to accept all theentries you have keyed in. The settings for serial connections and Hayes protocolsshould now be complete and will be saved along with the ISDN settings in the filethat will be used to pass the configuration to the BRIC.

It makes sense, at this point, to protect the current status of the file by saving it todisk. To do this:



� Select File, Save from the menu bar or click the Save icon



Configuring the LAN for Gateway operation

The last device to set up is the one handling the Local Area Network (LAN)connection.

During the configuration process you will first set up the parameters for the localsystem, then you will enter details for one or more remote systems. Before startingthis work, it is helpful to gather the information you will need. This includes:

� The local ISDN number(s)

� A valid IP address for the Remote Access Router BRIC

� Configuration details for the remote site, i.e. ISDN number, host name, hostIP address, and host passwords

Setting the Local Area Address

To set the Remote Access Router’s local IP address:

� Select the System menu from the menu bar.



� Select the Set BRIC Address . . . option.

This will then display the following screen:

� Enter the IP address to be used for the Remote Access Router.

� Click OK to set the address.

F This address MUST be on the same IP network as the Windowsmachine.

? If the setting is incorrect, or the Remote Access Router is not connected tothe LAN, this operation will report an error. Re-connect the RemoteAccess Router, and turn its power off and then on again

Configuring the LAN for Gateway operation Quick guide to the user interface


Configuring the Remote Access Router

� In the menu bar click on File and then on Read from BRIC.

This will automatically enter the IP address for the Remote Access Router in theRouter Port Settings screen.

When the L0 icon is double-clicked, the Router Port Settings window willappear:



General This page must be completed to provide the minimum information necessary tooperate the BRIC.

� Enter the identification name for the BRIC in the System Name box.

? This is the name that identifies the equipment to other gateways. The nameis used on an end-to-end basis when connections with remote routers arebeing established



If there are no other gateways on the LAN, and the machines on the LAN supportRouted, set RIP to OUT. This will allow the machines to sense the EthernetBRIC’s presence, and the connection routes, dynamically, otherwise the routingtables will need to manually set up.

? In order to co-exist and operate with other gateways on the local LAN,RIP usage should be set to ON. If there are no other gateways, setting RIPusage to OUT will broadcast all routes the gateway recognises.

System The System page allows you to define system login parameters.

? The Remote Access Router will always respond to ARP requests from thelocal LAN for its Ethernet address.



ARP usage comes into effect when a host broadcasts an ARP request for itsdestination ethernet address which require routing via a BRIC gateway. Thegateway BRIC will respond with its own MAC address if it knows how to get tothe required destination.

? The IP address must be unique, and must fit into the architecture of yourlocal LAN. Each of the first four address blocks should be entered as adecimal value between 0 and 255. The netmask, entered in the fifth block,should be set to the value used on the local LAN. The table below showsexamples for various netmask arrangements.

NETMASK BLOCK ARRANGEMENTS

8 1st block indicates the network class, followed by unique address

16 First two blocks are the network, followed by the host address

24 First three blocks are the network, followed by the host address

32 Never used practically

F Ensure that the IP address is always allocated by someone who fullyunderstands TCP/IP addressing.

If you require only a basic system, all the other fields on this page can be left blankand you can move on to the section about configuring remote sites.

The Routing Information Protocol (RIP Usage) can be toggled between OFF, ON(send and receive RIP messages), OUT (send RIP messages only) or IN (receiveRIP messages only).

If the Remote Access Router is on a LAN with several gateways through whichtraffic may be routed, the gateways should have RIP (or the Routed programrunning on the LAN) to allow routing information to be exchanged. In such cases,RIP should be turned ON.

The Ethernet Address is always fixed and will be displayed if it is read from theBRIC. This field is “read only” and cannot be changed.



The User Profile pages should have Advertise set to YES, and the Metric set tothe appropriate value (add 1 for every gateway, i.e., 2 if you are calling anothergateway). Both of these options can be found under the advanced options tab.

? This depends on the value of the ARP Usage parameter.

ARP options can be switched using the pick list as follows:

LOCAL: ARP messages will receive a response if the destination is in the BRIC’srouting tables.

REMOTE: ARP messages will only receive a response if a connection exists witha remote site.

OFF: The BRIC will not respond to proxy ARP requests which will then bebridged to the remote end.



Configuring remote sites

Before you can communicate with a remote site, you need to enter details about itsISDN number and network address. This section shows you how to set theminimal configuration for end-to-end communications.

User profile Click the tab labelled User Profile to display the relevant property page thencomplete the fields as shown below.

If you are amending an existing record, you can select the remote system’s namefrom the pick list in the Name panel.

? It is recommended that you do not change an existing Profile Name. If youdo, it may cause problems when using the configurator in remote mode,and in such circumstances you will need to delete the entry manually andre-enter all the details.

To add a new system to the list:



� Click the Add User button

� Enter the name of the remote system in the small dialogue box that appears

? The profile name should be the name of the remote system. This is used tomap the name of the remote gateway and validate incoming calls.

� click OK to close the dialogue window and return to the main page.

� Enter the ISDN Number for the remote system

� Enter the IP address and Netmask of the remote system

? The IP address number is used to validate the gateway when PPPconnection is being validated. The netmask adds the network portion ofthe remote connection to the routing table. A netmask of 0 (zero) indicatesthat this is the default route.

� Select the correct Encapsulation type for your connection, PPP, or MPPP.

� Select the Authentication Protocol button.

� Fill in the Validation form, selecting the CHAP/PAP protocol andpasswords as follows:

? The Remote Access Router always requests a PAP password from allincoming calls and enables a connection profile to be located. SettingPAP to YES also enables password control for outgoing calls.

� Complete the PAP IN field with the password which the remote systemmust supply before it can establish calls to the Remote Access Router.

? The identical password must also be set in the remote system’sconfiguration as it is used for validation and for mapping the call to aconnection profile.



� Complete the PAP OUT field with the password which is passed to theremote router when the BRIC attempts to establish connection. It mustexactly match the password configured on the remote system otherwisethe connection will fail. The system name must also match the onespecified by, for example, your internet provider.

? This password will be sent to the remote gateway if PAP is requested aspart of the authentication process. It will certainly be required forconnection to the Internet.

The Encapsulation layer is set by default to PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) and theProtocol to IP (Internet Protocol).

When you have done this, the remote configuration will be adequate for basiccommunications and you can, if you wish, proceed to page 111 for instructions onwriting the overall configuration to the BRIC.

MPPP configuration

If you select the MPPP option, you can take advantage of the BRIC’s dynamicbandwidth allocation facilities. This enables the BRIC to allocate an additionalchannel when average use exceeds a certain threshold for a specified period.Conversely, the BRIC can release the additional channel when usage falls belowthe established threshold for a specific period.

The settings can be entered by clicking the MPPP options button after which youcan use the following table for guidance:



MPPP configuration table

Parameter Notes

Start Channels This is the minimum number of channels to be used when the callis started. The default setting is 1 but this can be changed to 2though this will disable the dynamic bandwidth allocation featuresince both channels will be in use anyway.

Min. Channels This sets the minimum number of channels to be used when thebandwidth is about to be decreased. Again, the range is either 1 or2 but a setting of two will disable the feature. The default is 1.

Max. Channels This indicates the maximum number of channels to be used whenthe bandwidth is to be increased. It can be set to 1 or 2. 2 is thedefault and 1 will disable this feature.

Channel Utilisation This setting determines the level of usage at which the BRIC willincrerase or decrease the bandwidth by choosing the channels touse. The range can be anything from 1 to 100% and the default is70%.

Dynamic Algorithm This option determines which algorithm is used to calculate theaverage usage based on samples taken during the History Perioddefined below. The options are LINEAR, QUADRATIC orCONSTANT. The default is LINEAR.

Add ChannelPersistence

This setting is used to set the delay (in seconds) before the channelallocation is increased once the utilisation threshold has beenexceeded. The range is from 1 to 255 seconds and the default is 10.

Remove ChannelPersistence

As above except it is used before reducing channel allocation.

History Period This is the period (in seconds) that the BRIC will use to establishthe history of line usage on which the calculations for bandwidthchanges are made. The range is between 1 and 300 seconds andthe default is 30.



Advanced User Options

This dialogue box will appear when you click the Advanced button. It enables youto set Yes or No parameters for:

� Advertising (the route is broadcast using RIP) - Advertise the route to thisdestination in RIP packets.

� Broadcasting - Allows broadcast packets to make calls to learn remotenetwork addresses.

? The Yes/No toggles are all activated from the respective pick lists.

The other panels allow you to enter figures for:

Time-out

Enter a figure to be used for determining how much inactivity should be allowedbefore the connection is broken. This is measured in seconds.



MTU

The Maximum Transmission Unit signifies the size of the largest packet that thesystem can transfer.

? Use the default value of 1524 when connecting to Ascend Routers and1500 when connecting to CISCO Routers. To avoid fragmentation ofdatagrams, do NOT use smaller values unless specifically requested.

Metric

The metric setting indicates the number of gateways to the final destination.

? It would only be necessary to change this figure if you had more than oneroute

Single IP Working

This option selects the configuration option for single IP working. The defaultvalue is NO and should be left as such unless you intend to configure for single IPworking. If you do please consult the next section.

Adding details of new locations, new remote LANs can be dynamicallyprogrammed into the BRIC system at any time. You merely load the configurationfile, select the Remote Access Router’s LAN device and enter the new details inthe User Profile property page. Then save the file and write the new configurationto the BRIC. The system can accept up to 64 separate locations.

Dial Back

This option selects the Dial Back facility either on or off. This facility enables theRemote Access Router to dial a default route when certain conditions are met.

The conditions for a Dial Back call are specified in the configuration. The usermust first set a default route. When Dial Back is ON every time a call is made tothe BRIC it is rejected. The BRIC will then dial the default route and establish aconnection.

Incoming Call Address

This Addressing service is only necessary when configuring for Single IP working.

This address allows the system to store one incoming call address even thoughSingle IP Working does not allow the functionality of incoming calls.



Configuring Dial Back for Gateway Operation

Setting the Local Address

To set the Remote Access Router’s local IP address

� Select the System menu.

� Select Set BRIC IP Address ... option

Configuring Dial Back for Gateway Operation Setting the Local Address


� Enter the address to be used for the Remote Access Router when theabove dialogue box appears

� Click O.K. to set the address

F This address MUST be on the same IP network as the windowsmachine

? If the setting is incorrect, or the Remote Access Router is not connected tothe LAN, this operation will report an error. Reconnect the Router, andturn its power supply off and then on again, to ensure that the correctLAN interface is in use.



Configuring the Router

� In the menu bar click on File and then Read From BRIC. This willautomatically enter the IP address for the Remote Access Router

� Select the L0 device by double clicking its icon. The Router PortSettings window should now be displayed

Configuring Dial Back for Gateway Operation Configuring the Router


On the General property page:

� Modify the System Name to the name of the local router.

The IP Address will be automatically entered by the previous action of readingthe BRIC’s profile.



Configure Remote Access

� Select the User Profile property page

� Select the Add User button

� In the Add User dialogue box enter a new name for the remote connection.



? This name has end to end significance only if the remote site is capable ofcalling in to the router, and in this case it must match the remote routername. If all calls are to be outgoing, the name has no end to endsignificance.

� Enter the ISDN Number of the remote site.

� Enter the Gateway IP address in the Remote Address field.

? This address must correspond to the IP address of your remote site’sgateway to the WAN. The netmask value must be set to 0 if you wish to usethis gateway as the default gateway.



� Select the Advanced User Options, Advanced ... button

� Set the Dial Back option box to YES

� Click O.K.




� Set the Protocol drop down box to the protocol you wish to use.

� In the correct In and Out field type the password that enables you toaccess your remote location.

F You must make sure that this password is correct in typography andcase otherwise it will not be accepted by the remote site.

� Click O.K.

� Click O.K. on the User Profile property page



Configuring the Answer profile

Ensure that you are in the Router Port Settings window. If you are not then:

� Double click the L0 icon

� Select the User Profile property page and locate the BRIC’s answerprofile. It is labelled Answer in the Name: option box, click on it.

Configuring Dial Back for Gateway Operation Configuring the Answer profile


F You must ensure that at this stage the Remote Address and the LocalAddress fields remain set at 0.0.0.0 and that the netmask in theRemote Address field is set to 0.

� Select the Advanced User Options, Advanced ... button.




� Click O.K.


Configuring Dial Back for Gateway Operation Configuring the Answer profile


� Select None from the Protocol: option box

F If you select any other combination of password authenticationprotocol your Remote Access Router will not be able to receiveincoming calls.

� Click O.K.

� Select the O.K. button from the User Profile page.



Updating your Router’s configuration

� Select the File menu.

� Select the Save option. This allows you to save the configuration to a localfile. Enter the name of the file, or use the default name.

� Select the Write to BRIC option. This will update the configuration to theBRIC, and activate it.

� Power the Remote Access Router off and on.

YOU HAVE NOW COMPLETED THE CONFIGURATION PROCESS ANDMAY CONNECT TO YOUR REMOTE SITE.

Configuring Dial Back for Gateway Operation Updating your Router’s configuration


Configuring for Single IP Working

Introduction

Single IP working enables a LAN to appear as if it is a single host connected tothe Wide Area Network.




Select Set BRIC IP Address ... option







Configuring for Single IP Working Setting the Local Address





Configuring for Single IP Working Configuring the Router





In the Add User dialogue box enter a new name for the remote connection




� Set the Single IP Working option box to YES.

� Click O.K.







� Click O.K.

Click O.K. on the User Profile property page



Configuring Dial Back for Single IP operation




Select Set BRIC IP Address ... option

Configuring Dial Back for Single IP operation Setting the Local Address





Configuring Dial Back for Single IP operation Configuring the Router





In the Add User dialogue box enter a new name for the remote connection




� Set the Single IP Working option box to YES.

� Set the Dial Back option box to YES.

� Type in the Incoming Call Address which in this example is161.50.80.30.

? This address is the IP address of a machine, on the same LAN as theBRIC, that you wish to receive the incoming data.

� Click O.K.







� Click O.K.

� Click O.K. on the User Profile property page



Configuring the Answer profile

Ensure that you are in the Router Port Settings window. If you are not then:

� Double click the L0 icon

� Select the User Profile property page and locate the BRIC’s answerprofile. It is labelled Answer in the Name: option box, click on it.

Configuring Dial Back for Single IP operation Configuring the Answer profile


F You must ensure that at this stage the Remote Address and the LocalAddress fields remain set at 0.0.0.0 and that the netmask in theRemote Address field is set to 0.





� Click O.K.


Configuring Dial Back for Single IP operation Configuring the Answer profile


� Select None from the Protocol: option box

F If you select any other combination of password authenticationprotocol your Remote Access Router will not be able to receiveincoming calls.

� Click O.K.

� Select the O.K. button from the User Profile page.









Configuring Dial Back for Single IP operation Updating your Router’s configuration


Other BRIC settings

There are two further configuration options which can be selected from the Systemmenu bar or the tool bar.

Password

Clearly, the System Administrator will wish to protect the configuration settingsfrom unauthorised alteration, and this is made possible by the fact that the BRICitself can be programmed with a password.

� Select Set Password from the System menu, or click the PWD icon in thetool bar.

? This option is only available if the BRIC module is connected to the PCand is on-line.

You will need to enter all the fields shown in the dialogue below, except for thefirst time you use this feature when you can skip the first field labelled CurrentPassword.

Notes: � To ensure that entries are not observed by others, only asterisks will appearin the panels whatever you enter at the keyboard.

� The current password must be the same as the last one written to the BRIC.

� The entries in the second and third fields must be identical before they willbe accepted.

Other BRIC settings


F If you lose the password, you will NOT be able to gain access to theBRIC!

When you click the OK button, the new password will be programmedimmediately into the BRIC

Call log retrieval

The BRIC system automatically logs the calls it generates or accepts. This facility,called from the System menu or by using the shortcut icon, allows you to view thelog of the BRIC.

? The currently-connected BRIC may be either the local or remote BRICdepending on which is presently selected in the Remote Configurationsettings under the Options menu. (see page 40 for further information)

When the dialogue box pictured in the next illustration is first displayed the currentcall logging information held by the BRIC will be retrieved and displayed but willbe cleared to make way for new calls before disconnecting.

The first two columns in the log are of no real value to you but these are followedby the time in hours:minutes:seconds, i.e. 07:44:38.850 in the first line, and areport of the logged action.

Other BRIC settings Call log retrieval


You can obtain help to interpret some of the call log information by referring to thetable entitled ‘Common causes for call termination’ on page 129. For example, thefirst line in the illustration shows ‘ISDN Release received Reason = ; 16’ and thefigure 16, when cross referenced in the table, indicates ‘Normal Call Clearing’.

? When you view the call log of a BRIC accessed via an ‘async Remote’connection, you should disregard the details of the last call in the displayas this will be the one used to establish the connection while reading thecall log from the BRIC.

The dialogue window has three option buttons:

� AUTO/MANUAL REFRESH will display the Call Log Refresh Optionsdialogue box where you can set the refresh mode.

By choosing one of the mutually exclusive radio buttons you can select betweenManual or Automatic refresh. If you click Automatic you need to enter theperiod at which the refresh will take place. The allowable range is between 1 and30 minutes.

When you have made your choice, click the OK button to return to the previousdialogue window.

� REFRESH NOW. This button is the manual part of the operation and willupdate the display with any new calls that have been made or received sincethe call log information was last retrieved.

� CLOSE. This button will close the dialogue box.

Other BRIC settings


? In manual mode the display will only be updated when the Refresh Now button is clicked; in Automatic mode, the display will be updatedautomatically at the regular intervals you have specified in the modesettings box.

F If a password has been set on the BRIC, you will be prompted for itevery time the display is to be refreshed. This is necessary because theconnection to the BRIC is broken after every call logging data read. Ifyou decide to use automatic mode, and a password has been set on thetarget BRIC, it is best to disable the password while monitoring thecall log.

Tip for printing the call log information:

It is not possible to print the call logging information or save it directly to a file. Ifyou think the information will be useful, any text in the edit box can be selected inthe usual windows manner, i.e. by clicking the start point and using the TAB keyto highlight the text you require, or by clicking and dragging with the mouse. Youcan then copy it to the windows Clipboard (CTRL-C) and paste it to anotherapplication, such as notepad, from where it can be printed or saved to disk.

Other BRIC settings Call log retrieval


Programming the BRIC

Writing configurations to the Router

Now that you have entered all the various parameters for each device to beattached to the ISDN, you can send the file to the firmware contained in the BRIC.To do this, and activate the new configuration:

� Save the configuration file to disk

� Select FILE in the menu bar

� Select WRITE TO BRIC

The complete instruction set will be passed to the BRIC and will remain in situuntil you make any changes to the configuration file. If so, you will need to makeyour amendments or additions, and then repeat the instructions above to reprogramthe BRIC’s firmware.

? To ensure that the same configuration is saved to disk at the same time,you should also:

� Select SAVE

Remember that you can configure the software to read the BRIC’s current settingseach time the configurator is loaded, or you can read the configuration file fromdisk. If you have more than one configuration, the relevant file can be loaded fromdisk and passed to the BRIC to supersede the current settings.



Downloading new BRIC software

Should you encounter any problems with the monitor software contained in theBRIC’s ROM, you may be sent an update disk to rectify the problem. Theseupdates are part of our ongoing development policy and are issued on request if thecircumstances dictate it.

If you should receive such a disk, it should be placed in the appropriate disk drive,and you should then carry out the following procedures:

� select the Download BRIC Software option from the File menu

This will produce a warning that the update should only be attempted on the adviceof the Symicron customer support group.

If you are sure that you want to proceed, click the YES button, otherwise click theNO button to abort the operation safely before any changes are made.

F Once the download process starts, the existing software in the BRICwill be overwritten. It is not possible to return to the earlier versionunless you have the previous update disk.

The next part of the routine asks you to specify where the DOS downloader file -SBRICLD.EXE - can be located. This will normally be the floppy disk on whichthe update was supplied and the dialogue box will assume this can be found indrive A: in the SYMICRON/SEG path.

Programming the BRIC Downloading new BRIC software


� Change the default location if necessary and click OK.

OR

If you can not find the file then use the BROWSE button to locate it and followthe on screen instructions:

� click OK.



A check will be made to ensure that the SBRICLD.EXE actually resides in thechosen directory and a warning will be issued if it can not be located.

If the file is on the floppy disk, it will be transferred automatically to asub-directory called DOWNLOAD which will be created below the programdirectory. The process of writing the new software to the BRIC will thencommence but the BRIC cannot be used whilst the download is in progress.

When the download is complete you should power down the system, wait forabout ten seconds, then reapply the power to use the new software.

Programming the BRIC Downloading new BRIC software


Operational Section

Interpreting LED codes

The LED on the front panel of each functional unit can display three separatecolours - RED, GREEN or ORANGE. The are interpreted as follows:

Green Unit is working but with no active calls.

Green/Orange 2 green flashes followed by 1 orange flash - one B channel is in use.

Orange/Green 2 orange flashes followed by 1 green flash - both B channels are in use

Red Error condition - unit has failed

Red/Green Constant flashes - ISDN line failure.

Standard ISDN operations

Using the serial port

The serial port on the Remote Access Router (labelled S0) will normally be used totransmit digital data from a PC or serial terminal directly through the ISDN. It canbe tested by making such a connection and then using “Hayes” command strings.

? If you are using a PC, rather than a serial terminal, you must use suitablesoftware such as TERMINAL.EXE to carry out the following tests.

Before testing, please ensure that identical COM port settings are configured onboth the terminal (PC) and the BRIC. The factory default is 9600 baud, 8 data bits,no parity, 1 stop bit.

To make a test call, type the Hayes command strings shown in the first column atthe keyboard:

Operational Section


Command Explanation Response Explanation

AT get the attention of theBRIC

OK Connection workingcorrectly

ATD <#> Dial the phone numberindicated by <#>

CONNECT Call established

NO DIAL TONE,NOCONNECTION,BUSY or NOANSWER

Call failed

+++ Set the BRIC tocommand mode when acall is connected

(none)

ATH Hang up the line OK Line disconnected

? AT command codes are described in more detail later in the manual.

Operational Section Standard ISDN operations


Ethernet operating instructions

Accessing remote systems

The Remote Access Router is the gateway to other networks and is responsible forswitching packets of information between the appropriate networks.

In normal routine use, access to the remote system is completely transparent. TheRemote Access Router will detect any data packages waiting to be sent and willautomatically establish a connection to the remote system and transmit the data. Oncompletion, the Router will clear the ISDN call and continue to monitor the systemuntil further data have accumulated.

If the remote location is unobtainable, for any reason, LAN messages will be sentto advise the user of the problem.

The Router will monitor traffic to all the destinations but if no channels areavailable for transmission to a remote host, the user will again be informedautomatically.

? There is no system of priorities between LAN destinations.

Operational Section


Using Keyboard Command Codes

Equipment required

Though it is not immediately apparent when you use the Windows configurator,the parameters used for serial transmissions are actually passed on to the RemoteAccess Router as standard Hayes commands. This maintains compatibility withmost other communications software, and optionally allows more experiencedusers the opportunity to interface directly with the BRIC through command lineinstructions. This facility can be extremely useful for troubleshooting purposes andfor reading or changing pre-programmed parameters when no Windows-basedmachine is readily available.

If you want to take advantage of this feature you can connect a serial terminaldirectly to the V.24 port on the Router or you can use a standard PC equipped withterminal emulation software.

? If you are using a PC equipped with Windows, you will find that allcurrent versions of windows have an emulator program calledTERMINAL.EXE which can be loaded from the RUN command line.

The Hayes Command structure

All Hayes commands (except A/) start with an AT prefix and must be typed at thekeyboard and terminated with a carriage return (enter key). In some cases thecommand may also have a numeric suffix but if no number is entered zero isassumed to be the missing digit. For example, if you enter ATQ on its own, ATQ0is assumed.

When you enter a command, the terminal adapter will usually respond with a resultmessage. This may simply be OK , for signifying that your instruction has beencarried out, or it may be a more explicit message like ERROR , indicating that theinstruction is invalid.

The BRIC terminal adapter is equipped with non-volatile memory which is used tostore the configuration parameters. These storage locations are known as ‘S’registers and the contents of each may be viewed or changed directly from thecommand line.

Using Keyboard Command Codes Equipment required


The following tables show firstly the AT commands, grouped together in tasksequence; then the response message code references; and, finally, details of eachof the ‘S’ registers.

AT commands

? All the commands that follow are shown in their full format - the AT prefixhas been included for clarity and the whole command should be typed asshown, before pressing the enter key. Optional commands with suffixesare shown in bolder text; default settings (where applicable) are shown initalics.

? If the BRIC Response column contains asterisks, please refer to the notesat the end of this section..

Testing the connection

The factory default for the serial interface is 9600 baud, 8 data bits, one stop bitwith no parity. Before you carry out the following test, you should establish thatyour terminal software is set to the same values.

Basiccommand

Explanation & Usage BRICresponse

AT ATTENTION This command (followed by a carriage return) willreturn the OK message if satisfactory communication isestablished with the BRIC. It is a good practice to usethis command as your first check. If unusual characters appear on the screen, check thatthe baud rate setting are correct for your serial ports andyour terminal software. They must be identical in eachcase.

OK



Operating mode setup

Basiccommand

Explanation & Usage BRICResponse

ATE ECHO CONTROL The ATE command controls character display on thescreen when the Terminal Adapter is in command mode.ATE1: Typed characters appear on the display. ATE0: Echo is disabled - no typed characters aredisplayed. The default is ATE1

OK

ATQ MESSAGE CONTROL This command is used to switch response messages onor off. ATQ0: Messages will be displayed. ATQ1: Messages will not be displayed. The default is ATQ0

OK ifmessageenabled,otherwisenothing

ATV RESPONSE MESSAGE FORMAT Controls the format of result messages from the terminaladapter. ATV0: Responses are displayed as numeric codes. ATV1: Responses are displayed as words. (Please see response code table if using numeric codes)The default value is ATV1

OK or 0 innumericmode *

AT&M OPERATIONAL MODE This command is used to switch between asynchronousmode and the alternative synchronous modes ofoperation. AT&M0: Fully asynchronous mode. AT&M1: Asynchronous call setup with synchronousdata transfer. AT&M2: Asynchronous off-line; synchronous on-line. The default is AT&M0

Please Note: The AT&M command is intended tomaintain backward compatibility with the AT&Qcommand. Both have been included in this table forreference purposes.

OK

Using Keyboard Command Codes The Hayes Command structure


Basiccommand


AT&Q AT&Q0: Asynchronous on and off-line AT&Q1: Asynchronous off-line; Synchronous on-line(dialling with AT command) AT&Q2: Asynchronous off-line; Synchronous on-line(dialling by DTR off/on transition) AT&Q9: Enter V.25bis mode (see page 139 for furtherdetails) AT&Q3: Enable X.25 PAD for outgoing calls AT&Q4: Enable X.25 PAD for received calls AT&Q5: Enable X.25 PAD for both send and receive AT&Q6: Enable X.25 D Channel access AT&Q7: Enable X.25 PAD for PVC connection. AT&Q8: Enable TPAD on B Channel AT&Q10: Enable TPAD on D Channel AT&Q11: Terminal active clear for TPAD on BChannel AT&Q12: Terminal active clear for TPAD on DChannel

OK

Transfer rate setup

Basiccommand


AT&B SELECT ASYNCHRONOUS BAUD RATE This command allows you to set the asynchronous datatransfer rate. The numeric suffix indicates the speed yourequire from the selection below:

1=600 bps 2=1200 bps 3=2400 bps 4=4800 bps 5=9600 bps 6=19200 bps 7=38400 bps

The default is AT&B5 (i.e., 9600 baud)

OK



Serial handshake settings

Basiccommand


AT&C DATA CARRIER DETECT (DCD) CONTROL This command controls the way that DCD is presentedby the terminal adapter. AT&C0: DCD is always on inn fully asynchronousmode (AT&Q0) but is only on in other modes (&Q1 and&Q2) when connected. AT&C1: DCD is on when connected.

OK

AT&D DATA TERMINAL READY (DTR) CONTROL This command controls the action taken after the loss ofDTR in asynchronous mode. AT&D0: DTR is ignored. AT&D1: DTR drop puts the terminal adapter intocommand mode without disconnecting the call. AT&D2: DTR drop causes the terminal adapter to breakan active call and enter command mode. AT&D3: DTR drop causes the terminal adapter to resetas if an ATZ command has been issued. The TA willonly reset after releasing the connection and this maytake up to 20 seconds.

Note: Unless the terminal adapter is in AT&D0 mode,automatic answering will be disabled when DTR is off.In synchronous mode, the AT&D setting will beignored, the DTR signal off-to-on transition will causethe BRIC to dial the stored number if one has beenprogrammed using the AT&Z command, or answer anincoming call if a number has not been programmed. The default is AT&D2

OK

AT&R CLEAR TO SEND (CTS) CONTROL This command controls the way that CTS responds insynchronous modes. AT&R0: CTS follows RTS after a delay stored inregister S26 AT&R1: RTS is ignored, CTS is asserted whenconnected. The default is AT&R0

OK



Basiccommand


AT&S DATA SET READY (DSR) OPTIONS This command can be used to modify how the DSRsignal operates. AT&S0: Forces the DSR to remain ON whenever theterminal adapter is powered on. AT&S1: or AT&S2: DSR is ON only when theterminal adapter is connected. In this mode DSR isperforming the function of DCD but the DCD signal isnot affected in any way. The default is AT&S0

OK

Dialling and answering

Basiccommand


ATD DIAL A NUMBER This command will instruct the terminal adapter to dialany valid telephone number suffixed to the command. For example, ATD 01818575577. Hayes commands also allow certain other character tobe introduced before the number to be dialled but theseare implemented only in dummy form and have noactual functionality. For example you could enter ATDT 01818575577 (where the second T indicates thattone dialling is to be used) but the BRIC system onlyuses tone dialling so the T is redundant and ignored. Forthis reason, a P (included to indicate Pulse dialling)would also be accepted but ignored.

**

ATDL LAST NUMBER REDIAL On receipt of this command, the BRIC will redial thelast number called. (Stored in the S102 register).

**



Basiccommand


ATDS DIAL STORED NUMBER This command tells the BRIC to dial the number storedin the register indicated by the suffix number. Forexample, ATDS0 will dial the number stored in memorybank 0. Please see the AT&Z command for details about storingtelephone numbers in the BRIC’s directory

**

ATD# DIAL WITH SUBADDRESS This command allows you to enter a telephone numberto be dialled together with a sub-address. The correctformat is ATDn#s where n is the telephone number ands is the sub-address.

**

ATA ANSWER This command tells the BRIC to answer an incomingcall. The BRIC will pick up the ringing line and onestablishing a connection will display a CONNECTmessage. If a connection is not established the NOCARRIER message will be returned.

OK

***

ATH HANG UP When on-line and in command mode, this command canbe used to hang up the terminal adapter. The BRIC must be returned from the data state to thecommand mode by sending the string +++ beforesending the command ATH



Configuration options

Basiccommand


ATS SET OR READ ‘S’ REGISTERS This command is used to set or read the terminaladapter’s registers. To view a registers contents you suffix the commandwith the register number and a question mark; to set aregister you suffix the command with the registernumber, an equals sign, and the value to be entered intothe register. For example: ATS0? will display the contents of register 0 ATS0=1 will set register 0 to 1. (Please see page 132 for more information about theseregisters)

OK is set,otherwisedisplay ofcontents ofregister.

****

AT&Z STORE TELEPHONE NUMBER This command is used to store a telephone number inthe BRIC’s directory. Two parameters are required: The first indicates thereference number of the pigeon hole that will be used tostore the number, and the second is the telephonenumber itself. For example, AT&Z0=01231234567 will store thenumber 012312324567 in memory location 0.

OK

AT&V DISPLAY CURRENT CONFIGURATION This command will display the current configuration ofthe terminal adapter. AT&V0: Displays current setting, terminal identity andstored telephone numbers. AT&V1: Displays information that will be attached toany outgoing call. AT&V2: Displays information that has arrived from thenetwork.

As left butwithapplicableregisternumbers andcontents.

AT&W SAVE CURRENT CONFIGURATION If you have already made any changes to any storageregisters, the AT&W command will write the newconfiguration to the BRIC’s non-volatile memory so thatthe changes are not lost when the unit is powered down.

OK



Basiccommand


ATZ RESET ATZ will reset the BRIC’s settings to the standardHayes defaults shown in previous tables.

OK

AT&F RESET TO FACTORY DEFAULTS This command will reset the terminal adapter to itsstandard factory defaults but will not affect any userdefined parameters that may be stored in non volatilememory.

OK

Other options

Basiccommand


ATI IDENTIFY Returns information about the software version

See left

Repeating a command

Basiccommand


A/ REPEAT LAST COMMAND This instruction will repeat the last command sent to theterminal adapter. It is the only Hayes command that isnot prefixed with the letters AT.

Depends onthe lastcommand.

Notes The asterisks in the preceding table have the following meanings:



* If the response message format is set to give a numeric code, rather than a word,the code will overwrite the originally typed command and may be misleading if thenumber is shorter than the command. For example, the numeric code for OK is 0but when it overwrites a typed AT instruction the response will appear as 0T (the 0having overwritten the A).

** Dialling command responses will vary according to the conditions encounteredon-line. The messages may be CONNECT, BUSY or NO CARRIER.

*** When set to auto-answer mode, there will be a initial OK response to signify thatthe command has been accepted, but this will change to RING when the call isidentified followed by a CONNECT message when connected.

**** All register content numbers are padded out to three digits so, for example, 1 willdisplay as 001.



Numeric response code translation

Whenever a command is issued, the BRIC will respond with a message if messagecontrol is enabled (ATQ0-see page 121). If the message format is set to WORD(ATV1), the message will appear as it is shown in the centre column of the tablebelow; if it is set to numeric, you can use the table to cross reference the resultcode with the word and its meaning.

Number Word Explanation

0 OK Command executed

1 CONNECT Connection established

2 RING Ring signal detected

3 NO CARRIER Carrier lost or undetected

4 ERROR Invalid command detected

5 CONNECT 1200 Connection at 1200bps

7 BUSY No available channel









Using Keyboard Command Codes Numeric response code translation


Common causes for call termination

These codes are always stored in register S120. By cross-referencing the storedvalue with the list below, you can determine the cause for each terminated call.

Code Cause Note

1 Unallocated(unassigned) number

2 No route to specified transit network

3 No route to destination

6 Channel unacceptable

7 Call awarded and being delivered in an established channel

16 Normal call clearing

17 User busy

18 No user responding

19 No answer from user (user alerted)

21 Call rejected

22 Number changed

26 Non selected user clearing

27 Destination out of order *

28 Invalid number format

29 Facility rejected

30 Response to STATUS ENQUIRY

31 Normal unspecified

34 No circuit/channel available

38 Network out of order

41 Temporary failure

42 Switching equipment congestion



Code Cause Notes

43 Access information discarded

44 Requested circuit/channel not available

47 Resources unavailable/unspecified

49 Quality of service unavailable

50 Requested facility not subscribed

57 Bearer capability not authorised

58 Bearer capability not presently available

63 Service or option not available, unspecified

65 Bearer capability not implemented

66 Channel type not implemented

69 Requested facility not implemented

70 Only restricted digital information bearer service is available

79 Service or option not implemented, unspecified

81 Invalid call reference value

82 Identified channel does not exist

83 A suspended call exists, but this call identity does not

84 Call identity in use

85 No call Suspended

86 Call having the requested call identity has been cleared

88 Incompatible destination **

91 Invalid transit network selection

95 Invalid message, unspecified

96 Mandatory information element is missing

97 Message type non-existent or not implemented

Using Keyboard Command Codes Common causes for call termination


Code Cause Note

98 Message not compatible with call state or message type non-existent ornot implemented

99 Information element non-existent or not implemented

100 Invalid information element contents

101 Message not compatible with call state

102 Recovery on timer expiry

111 Protocol error, unspecified

127 Interworking, unspecified

Notes:

** Contact your network provider for further information

** The number that is called does not have an ISDN device attached with the samecapabilities as that which you are calling. e.g. a telephone calling a data device.



The ‘S’ Registers

The ‘S’ registers in the BRIC’s non-volatile memory are used to store valueswhich represent various operating characteristics of the BRIC.

� The existing contents of any register can be viewed using the Hayes ATSn?command, where n is the required ‘S’ register number.

� New values can be entered into any valid ‘S’ register with the ATSn =vcommand, where n is the register number and v is the new decimal value.

The following tables show you what each register does, and the bandwidth ofacceptable values.

Standard registers

? All register values are padded out with three digits so 0 will appear as000;43 will show as 043, etc.

RegisterNumber

Purpose and comments Defaultvalue

Maximumrange

0 ANSWER ON RING NUMBER This indicates the number of rings that theterminal adapter will allow before the call isanswered. If the register is set to 0, the autoanswering function will be disabled.

0 0 to 255

1 RING COUNT This register counts the number of times that thephone rings before it is answered. The counterresets to zero when the call finishes.

0 0 to 255

2 ESCAPE CODE CHARACTER This register holds the ASCII value of thecharacter to be used as the escape code.

43 0 to 127

3 CARRIAGE RETURN CHARACTER This register holds the ASCII value of thecharacter to be used for carriage returns and isused as both the command line terminator and theresult code terminator.

13 0 to 127

Using Keyboard Command Codes The ‘S’ Registers


Registernumber


Maximumrange

4 LINE FEED CHARACTER This register holds the ASCII value of the character tobe used to indicate a line feed. The line feed characteris output after the carriage return only when the wordresult codes have been selected (ATV1). If a line feedcharacter is not desired, it may be changed to a null(00), but it cannot be totally disabled.

10 0 to 127

5 BACKSPACE CHARACTER This register holds the ASCII value of the backspacecharacter. When the value stored in this register isreceived by the terminal adapter in command mode,the terminal adapter will echo the character back tothe terminal followed by a space character andanother backspace character. This will normallyappear on the display as a backspacing cursormovement, a space written over the incorrectcharacter, and then another backspacing movement.

8 0 to 32 or127

10 V.110 SYNCHRONISATION TIME This register set the maximum time (in 1/10ths of asecond) that the terminal adapter will wait for V.110synchronisation. The setting is currently fixed at 10seconds and is reserved for future use.

100 1 to 255

12 ESCAPE SEQUENCE GUARD TIME This register defines the period of the guard time(measured in 1/50ths of a second) that must surroundan escape sequence before it is accepted as valid. The purpose of guard time is to allow a user totransmit +++ as part of a communication without itbeing interpreted as an escape sequence. If it were theterminal adapter would switch to command mode.

50 20 to 255



Registernumber


Maximumrange

21 ASYNCHRONOUS PARITY The value entered in this register determines the typeof parity checking to be used according to the valuesshown below:-

0=None 1=Space 2=Odd 3=Even 4=Mark

0 0 to 4

22 ASYNCHRONOUS STOP BITS The value entered in this register determines thenumber of stop bits according to the values shownbelow:-

0=1 stop bit 1=2 stop bits

0 0 or 1

23 ASYNCHRONOUS DATA RATE The value entered in this register determines theasynchronous baud rate according to the valuesshown below:-

1= 600bps 2= 1200bps 3= 2400bps 4= 4800bps 5= 9600bps 6= 19200bps 7= 38400bps

5 1 to 7

24 ASYNCHRONOUS DATA BITS The value entered in this register determines thenumber of data bits according to the values shownbelow:-

0= 8 data bits 1= 7 data bits

0 0 or 1

25 DTR DELAY This register is used to set the minimum period (in1/100ths of a second) that DTR must be droppedbefore it is recognised as a valid transition.

5 0 to 255

Using Keyboard Command Codes The ‘S’ Registers


Registernumber


Maximumrange

26 RTS TO CTS DELAY This register holds the time delay(in 1/100ths of asecond) before the terminal adapter turns CTS ONafter detecting an OFF to ON transition on RTS whenset in AT&R0 and in synchronous mode.

1 0 to 255

27 SYNCHRONOUS DATA RATE The value entered in this register determines thesynchronous baud rate according to the values shownbelow:-

1= 600bps 2= 1200bps 3= 2400bps 4= 4800bps 5= 9600bps 6= 19200bps 7= 38400bps 8= 48000bps 9= 56000bps 10= 64000bps

10 1 to 10



Special extended registers

These special registers can be used to access the advanced features the ISDNservice provides. They can contain the identities of the local terminal andinformation used in incoming and outgoing network messages.

Registernumber

Purpose and comments

100 TERMINAL PRIMARY ADDRESS This can be used for Multiple Subscriber Numbering or Direct Dialling In. Any numberpresented in an incoming call with Called Party Number information will be checked against thenumber in this register. If the register is empty, or if there is no information presented by thenetwork, the incoming call will be accepted and pass through to the next check. Note: This register must contain the whole number presented by the network.

101 TERMINAL SUB-ADDRESS When a string is programmed into this register, any string presented in an incoming call withCall Party Sub-addressing information present will be checked against this register. This will beused for filtering the call on sub-addressing. If the register is empty, or there is no informationpresented by the network, the incoming call will be accepted.

102 OUTGOING CALLED PARTY NUMBER This register contains the outgoing called number to be sent to the network. It can be configuredusing the ATS102=xxx command or will be automatically set on receipt of an ATD xxxcommand. Once set, an ATDL command will redial this number.

103 OUTGOING CALLED PARTY SUB-ADDRESS This register contains the outgoing call sub-address to be sent to the network. It can beconfigured using the ATS103=xxx command or will automatically be set on receipt of an ATDxxx#yyy command. Once set the outgoing call will always include this information unless anATS105= or ATD xxx# or ATZ command is sent.

104 INCOMING CALLED PARTY NUMBER This will contain the number of the called party for the last incoming call if the network passedthe information across with the call. This will always be present when multiple subscribernumbering (MSN) is used.

Using Keyboard Command Codes Special extended registers


Registernumber


105 INCOMING CALLED PARTY SUB-ADDRESS This register contains the sub-address of the called party for the lastincoming call if the network passed the information across with the call. This will always be present if sub-addressing is used.

106 INCOMING CALLING PARTY NUMBER This will contain the number of the calling party (CLI) for the lastincoming call if the network passed the information across with the call. Inorder for this to occur, both ends of the call must have CLI enabled.

107 INCOMING CALLING PARTY SUB-ADDRESSING This register contains the sub-address of the calling party for the lastincoming call if the network passed the information with the call. Note: Contact your network provider for availability. At present this is notavailable with a BT ISDN2 service.

110 OUTGOING BEARER CAPABILITY This register contains the value of the bearer capability sent to the networkwith an outgoing call. This includes information about the type of call andthe requirements for the destination terminal. It is presented as a string ofhexadecimal digits which have to be decoded by reference to the layer 3ISDN standard CCITT Q.931.

111* OUTGOING LOW LAYER COMPATIBILITY This register contains the value of the low layer compatibility sent to thenetwork with an outgoing call. It includes information about the type ofcall and the requirements for the destination terminal. It is presented as astring of hexadecimal digits which have to be decoded by reference to thelayer 3 ISDN standard CCITT Q.931. Note: Contact your network provider for availability. At present this is notavailable with a BT ISDN2 service the service ignores this information.

112* OUTGOING HIGH LAYER COMPATIBILITY This register contains the value of the high layer compatibility sent to thenetwork with an outgoing call. It includes information about the type ofcall and the requirements for the destination terminal. It is presented as astring of hexadecimal digits which have to be decoded by reference to thelayer 3 ISDN standard CCITT Q.931.



Registernumber


113 INCOMING BEARER CAPABILITY This register contains the value of the bearer capability received from thenetwork with last incoming call. This includes information about the typeof call and the requirements for the receiving terminal. It is presented as astring of hexadecimal digits which have to be decoded by reference to thelayer 3 ISDN standard CCITT Q.931.

114* INCOMING LOW LAYER COMPATIBILITY This register contains the value of the low layer compatibility receivedfrom the network with the last incoming call. It includes information aboutthe type of call and the requirements for the receiving terminal. It ispresented as a string of hexadecimal digits which have to be decoded byreference to the layer 3 ISDN standard CCITT Q.931. Note: Contact your network provider for availability.

115* INCOMING HIGH LAYER COMPATIBILITY This register contains the value of the high layer compatibility receivedfrom the network with the last incoming call. It includes information aboutthe type of call and the requirements for the receiving terminal. It ispresented as a string of hexadecimal digits which have to be decoded byreference to the layer 3 ISDN standard CCITT Q.931.

116 INCOMING DISPLAY This register contains the display string that was received from the networkwith the last incoming message. This includes call progress and errorinformation intended for display on the terminal.

120 CALL TERMINATION CAUSE This register contains the cause code value presented by or to the nationalnetwork when a call is cleared. (As defined in the Q931 standard.) Note: Please see the table starting on page 129 for a list of cause codesand explanations.

121 PRIMARY B CHANNEL OUTGOING This allows the user to select a specific channel for all outgoing callsparameters:-

0 = Any channel 1 = B1 channel only 2 = B2 channel only

The default is 0

? * Registers marked with an asterisk (S111, 112, 114 & 115) are not yetimplemented but will be usable at a later date.

Using Keyboard Command Codes Special extended registers


Additional operating modes

V.25bis and X.25

V.25bis is a standard for setting up a data connection on either the PSTN or theISDN. The Remote Access Router is V.25bis compatible and can be controlled asData Communications Equipment (DE) by any Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)when it is initialised in V.25bis mode.

The relevant commands and responses for this interface (and X.25 mode) aredetailed separately in the BRIC Reference Manual but the instructions for enteringand leaving both modes are shown below as they are entered from the Hayescommand line, and return to Hayes when the respective mode is exited.

F Both V.25bis and X.25 modes are only supported in OEM releases ofthe software.

Initiating V.25bis mode

V.25 bis mode is called from the Hayes command line after first selecting theISDN channel to be used, and then setting the synchronous data transfer rate forV.110 operation.

These changes are made by altering the contents of two S registers with the ATScommand.

The V.110 rate is set by changing the contents of register 27 to a value of 9, i.e.type ATS27=9 at the command line. This seta the synchronous baud rate to 56000bits per second.

The B channel to be used for calls is set by changing register 121 to either 1 or 2,i.e. by typing ATS121=1 will direct all communications to B1 channel.

The final command switches the BRIC to V.25bis mode. To do this enter AT&Q9at the command line.

The response to all three commands should be the standard OK, if everything isworking properly.



? Hayes command scan be re-structured to avoid repetitive entry of the ATpart of the command. For example, the three commands could be enteredas:

ATS27=9

ATS121=1

AT&Q9

or they could be re-structured to:

ATS27=9S121=1&Q9

The commands covered in the BRIC Reference Manual show you another way tocommunicate with the BRIC as a DCE but you will need to obtain a copy of thisdocument if you wish to use this facility.

Leaving V.25bis mode

There are two ways to exit V.25bis mode, both of which will return you toasynchronous Hayes command mode.

The BAK command can be issued by a DTE attached to the port and the BRIC willrespond with a VAL (valid) when the instruction is carried out.

Alternatively, you can use a telephone attached to the BRIC interface and dial acommand which will cause the BRIC to exit V.25bis mode. In this case you wouldlift the handset and dial:

#*#*555<port number> (where<port number> is the serial port that is being usedfor communications.)

Initiating X.25 mode

Before you can activate an X.25 task you must first configure Hayes to the relevantmode. All prerequisite parameters such as channel selection, data transfer rates,etc., can be set in advance in a similar way to those described under the V.25bisentry on the previous page.

The following commands determine the type of X.25 service that you require:

AT&Q3: Enable X.25 PAD for outgoing calls

AT&Q4: Enable X.25 PAD for received calls

Additional operating modes V.25bis and X.25


AT&Q5: Enable X.25 PAD for both send and receive

AT&Q6: Enable X.25 D channel access

AT&Q7: Enable X.25 PAD for PVC connection

AT&Q8: Enable X.25 TPAD on B channel

AT&Q10: Enable X.25 TPAD on D channel

AT&Q11: Enable Terminal Active Clear for TPAD on B channel

AT&Q12: Enable Terminal Active Clear for TPAD on D channel

Leaving X.25 mode

The EXIT command is used to return to Hayes from X.25 mode. This commandwill also clear any calls on the ISDN B channels and free the Terminal EndpointIdentifier (TEI) on the D channel.



TPAD Overview

The TPAD (Transaction Packet Assembly / Disassembly) network service wasdesigned to allow small messages to be exchanged over X.25 networks, between alarge number of user sites and a central host site. It was conceived to provide asecure communication’s medium for credit card authorisation.

The aim of this next section is to enable you to configure the Router for use withACK’s credit card authorisation software.

Configuring the Router for TPAD operation

From a terminal session type the following commands to enable the BRIC modules:

� ATC (Runs the BRIC system control centre)

� GO X25LINK (Enters the X.25 link module)

� T2 B1=0 (Sets timer T2 on B Channel 1 to zero (0))

� T2 B2=0 (Sets timer T2 on B Channel 2 to zero (0))

� GO BCC (Returns to the BRIC system control centre)

� SERIAL S0 (Clears any previous configuration of the serial port)

� EXIT

The exit command will return you to Hayes mode. Next you need to set the Baudrate, Parity and data bit settings using Hayes commands. Type:

� ATS21=3S23=5S24=1&W

This command string sets the S registers, 21, Async Parity to Even, 23, Async DataRate to 9600bps and 24, Async Data Bits to 7. The &W command simply writesthe changes to the Router.

Additional operating modes TPAD Overview


Running the ACK configuration software

You will now need to go into a full MS-DOS session and locate the drive anddirectory that holds the ACK software. At the command prompt type:

� ECPCFG

You will then be prompted for your password.

Setting up your Port profile

The first step in the configuration process is to configure the port on your PC toenable it to communicate with the Router and the Wide Area Network.

� Select the PORTS option from the main menu

� Press the [Insert] key. This will open a new port screen with fields thatyou can customise.

� Enter the PORT NAME. You must specify this name yourself, e.g. Youcould use SYMICRON BRIC as a valid port name.

� Set the BPA and IRQ based on the settings displayed in the followingtable and on the COM port your PC will use for communications.

Com port used BPA to set IRQ to set

COM 1 3F8 4

COM 2 2F8 3

COM 3 3E8 4

COM 4 2E8 3

F It is critical at this stage that you ensure that the BAUD RATE is setto 9600bps, PARITY is even, DATA BITS is set to 7 and there is 1STOP BIT.

� Set the BT&OA initialisation string to:

ATE0V1&R1&M8&S25=30



� Set DIAL PREFIX to ATDT

� Set OK to OK

� Set ERROR to ERROR

� Set NO DIALTONE to NO DIALTONE

� Set BUSY to BUSY

� Set NO CARRIER to NO CARRIER

� Set CONNECT to CONNECT

� Set NO ANSWER to NO ANSWER

� Press the [Esc] key to exit the Ports Screen. You will be prompted to savethe port profile. Press the [Y] key and hit [Enter], this will save your portprofile.

Setting up your Site profile

This section allows you to specify all aspects of connection to your authorisationcentre.

� Select the SITES option from the main menu.

� Select AUTHORISATION CENTRES.

� Press the [Insert] key. This will display a new profile page.

� Enter the HOST PROTOCOL as APACS 30.

� In the MERCHANT ID field type the number supplied to you by yourauthorisation centre. This is the number that they use to identify yourtransactions.

� Toggle the DIAL 1 TYPE field to Standard PAD by hitting the [Space]bar.

� Toggle the PORT NAME field to the port name you specified in yourport profile by hitting the [Space] bar.

� Enter the Primary ISDN number for your authorisation centre in theNUMBER field.

Additional operating modes TPAD Overview


� Enter the X.25 NUA(Network User Address) of your centre into the NUAfield.

� Toggle the DIAL 2 TYPE field to Standard PAD by hitting the [Space]bar.

� Toggle the PORT NAME field to the port name you specified in yourport profile by hitting the [Space] bar.

� Enter the Backup or Secondary ISDN number for your authorisationcentre in the NUMBER field.

� Enter the X.25 NUA(Network User Address) of your centre into the NUAfield.

� Press the [Esc] key. You will be prompted to save your site profilechanges. To save press the [Y] key and hit [Enter].

� Return to the main menu by hitting the [Esc] key.

� Select QUIT. You will be prompted to save your new configuration. Tosave the configuration press the [Y] key and hit [Enter].

Running the ACK terminal emulation software

From the same command prompt, that you started the configurator, type:

� ACP

This will run the Asynchronous Communications Programme

� ECP

This will run the EFT Control Programme

� OATERM -f

This will run the APACS 30 Terminal Emulation application.



Configuring V120 Multiple Transaction Identification(MTID)

Overview

Multiple Transaction Identification is a process that allows several creditauthorisation commands from several different endpoints to communicate with acentral site over one ISDN line. This is achieved by adding a new register, S35.This register handles the time which the ISDN line stays active after DTR has beendropped and therefore prevents the need to redial every time a transaction needs tobe carried out.

New ‘S’ Registers

The ‘S’ registers in the BRIC’s non-volatile memory are used to store valueswhich represent various operating characteristics of the BRIC.

� The existing contents of any register can be viewed using the Hayes ATSn?command, where n is the required ‘S’ register number.

� New values can be entered into any valid ‘S’ register with the ATSn =vcommand, where n is the register number and v is the new decimal value.

The following tables show you what each new register does, and it’s requiredsetting.

RegisterNumber


Requiredsetting

6 DATA FORWARDING CHARACTER This register is not yet implemented and must be setto 0

0 0

7 SETS V120 DIALING MODE 0 61

8 SETS DATA PACKET SIZE 0 200

9 SETS DATA PACKET WINDOW SIZE 0 3

30 SETS ISDN CALL DELAY This register sets the delay time between clearing oneISDN call and starting the next. The time is measuredin 10ms increments.

0 30

Additional operating modes Configuring V120 Multiple Transaction Identification(MTID)


31 AUTO HANG-UP CHARACTER This register is not yet implemented and must be setto 0.

0 0

35 CALL CLEAR TIMEOUT This register sets the time, in seconds, between receiptof DTR dropped and clearing the ISDN call.

0 20

135 TERMINAL IDENTIFICATION NUMBER This register hold the unique vendor terminal IDnumber. This number must be an 8 digit numericstring or be left blank.

0 Unique 8characterstring

Standard Configuration settings for V120MTID

The following Hayes commands will set the BRIC for standard V120 MTIDoperation.

ATS7=61 Sets V120 DTR dialling mode ON.

ATS8=200 Sets the data packet size.

ATS9=3 Sets the data packet window size to send three data packets before anacknowledgement.

ATS30=30 Sets the delay between clearing one call and starting the next to 300ms.

ATS31=0 Sets the auto hang-up character to 0. (Not yet implemented)

ATS6=0 Sets the data forwarding character to 0. (Not yet implemented)

ATE0 Sets ‘Echo off’.

ATSX0 Displays the ‘connect’ message.

AT&Q0 Sets the operating mode to Asynchronous on and off-line.V120 DTR dialling canonly be enabled in this mode.

ATS23=6 Sets the Asynchronous Data Transfer rate to 19200bps.



ATS135=20256000( This is an

example terminalID only)

Sets the terminal ID to its unique 8 digit numeric string.

ATS35=20 Sets the time between DTR dropped and call clear to 20 seconds.

AT&Z0={ISDNNumber}

This sets up the first ISDN number for the BRIC to dial where {ISDN Number} =the ISDN number of your credit authorisation company.

AT&Z1={ISDNNumber}

This sets up the secondary ISDN number for the BRIC to dial where {ISDNNumber} = the secondary ISDN number of your credit authorisation company.

AT&W This command will save the current configuration.

Remote Configuration.

At times it will be necessary to remotely configure certain parameters, of theBRIC’s that are located in geographically remote locations, from your central site.Usually the only parameters that will need to be remotely configured are those thatare site specific, i.e. The TID (the sites unique identification number) and theISDN number needed to call the site.

F Remote Configuration must ONLY be done when the remote site isnot in use.

F Once you have set these parameters remotely they become the systemdefault. If you wish to set them locally to a different configurationthese setting will only last until a reboot occurs, when the parameterswill reset to the remotely entered values.

In the following example we will take you through remote configuration of aBRIC. All of the following commands are carried out from a standardWindows(Windows 95, NT) terminal session. For details on hosting a terminalsession please consult you operating system manual.

In a Standard terminal session type:

� ats7 = 0

This sets the Local BRIC to the correct mode.

Type:



� ats110 = REMOTE

This sets the BRIC to connect remotely.

Type:

� atd {ISDN NUMBER}, where the {ISDN NUMBER} is the ISDNnumber of the remote site.

The session will respond with the following dialogue:

CONNECT

REMOTE CONFIG ACCEPT

Symicron BRIC System Control Centre.

Software Version 2.0.4C S1-REL BUILD £003

The session prompt will now be BCC:. At this prompt type:

� serial s0 = , &Z0 = {ISDN Number of credit authorisation agency}

� s135 = {TID, the remote sites 8 digit numeric ID code}

F The text in {xxx} brackets should be replaced with your actualparameters.

The session should respond with a BCC: prompt. If it does not then it will respondwith an error. This error message will show you which characters the BCC doesnot like. Simply re-type the line.

At the BCC: prompt type:

� go exit

This will drop the connection to the remote BRIC and return you to a standardterminal session.

This process will need to be repeated for each remote site.



This page has been left blank.



Troubleshooting Section

Any occasional hardware-related problems you may experience usually requirelittle more than a check to ensure that all power and data cable connections aresound. Operational problems, on the other hand, mostly occur when errors havebeen made during the configuration procedures.

The following routines address several of the potential problems. If you workthrough the appropriate steps and find that the problem still exists, you shouldcontact your supplier immediately.

? If you need to reinitialise the Router for any reason you should do so bypowering the system off then on again. We recommend that the OFFphase lasts for at least five seconds to give the system a chance toorganise its internal components satisfactorily.

Basic problems

First test the ISDN connection

Confirm that the LED on the Remote Access Router is in the Green state. Thisindicates that connection to the ISDN network is possible. If the LED is flashingRed/Green a physical level problem exists. Check that the ISDN cable is correctlyplugged into the Router (right hand side RJ45 connection), and into the ISDNtermination point on the wall.

If you can’t make data calls ...

If you cannot make a data call or the attempt returns a BUSY or NO CARRIERresponse, there are several possibilities.

1 The dialled number is incorrect and should be rechecked.

2 The called device is either busy or not functioning properly.

3 The transfer protocols at each end are incompatible and should be checked.

Troubleshooting Section Basic problems


4 The ISDN connection is suspect. In this case you should check the cable and restartthe BRIC.

If LED(s) are extinguished on your BRIC ...

Unlit LEDs could indicate a power failure. Please check that the power supply isplugged in and switched on, and check that the fuse has not failed.



Wide area networking problems

Problems with the local system

1 Check that the LAN cable is correctly plugged into the Remote Access Router.

2 Turn the power supply to the Router off and then on again to ensure that thecorrect interface is being used.

3 Ping yourself on your local IP address. If this doesn’t work, check that TCP/IP isrunning on the machine.

4 Ping the Remote Access Router’s LAN IP address. If this doesn’t work, check theIP address and netmask assigned to the BRIC.

5 Repeat the ‘ping’ test. If this still fails, use a network utility such as NETSTAT toascertain that a route to the Ethernet interface has been correctly located.

6 If you are still not connected, recheck the LAN cabling and the addressingmechanisms.

? The addressing mechanisms must all match perfectly for successfuloperation.

Problems accessing remote systems

F Only attempt to access a remote system when the local systemconfiguration has been fully checked.

Start by checking the ISDN operation:

1 Confirm that the ISDN line is working properly, see page 146 .

2 If the above test is unsuccessful, check that the ISDN cable is correctly pluggedinto its socket.

3 Check that the ISDN cable is connected to the ISDN port of the Remote AccessRouter.

Troubleshooting Section Wide area networking problems


4 Ask your service provider to check the line.

If the service provider confirms that the ISDN line is operational, try to access theremote host again, checking the following points and taking the suggested actionwhere appropriate:

1 If the LED does not change from Green to Orange, you will know that no call hasbeen attempted. In this instance you should check that the IP address/netmask forthe remote host is correct.

2 If the call is immediately disconnected it is likely that the PAP password/systemname is incorrect. Check the values against those configured at the remotelocation, noting that case sensitivity is vitally important and may be the cause ofthe problem.

3 If the call does not immediately disconnect, but no data is passed you should checkthe IP address of the remote system and ensure that the routing procedure at theremote location is set to allow messages to be returned correctly to the local site.



Further assistance

These routines should help you to identify most of the problems you are likely toencounter. If they do not provide a cure, you should contact our Technical Supportline by any of the means below:

SYMICRON TECHNICAL SUPPORT GROUP

Telephone: 0181 857 6457

Fax: 0181 857 1945

Please mark your fax ‘ FOR TECHNICAL SUPPORT ‘

You can now E-mail our Technical Support Group at the following address:

[email protected]

and of course you can write to us at:

Symicron Computer Communications LimitedTechnical Support GroupGreen Lane Business Park238 Green LaneElthamSE9 3TL

Troubleshooting Section Further assistance


Glossary

Hacking through the jargon

Almost every industry nurtures its own form of jargon - especially those involvedin computing and communications. In the last decade, more people have achievedhigher technical literacy with the introduction of computer systems at school, atwork, and at home so that terms like RAM are now readily recognised. But evenso, it is a popular misconception that everyone now uses acronyms andabbreviations in place of their native tongue and though some may speak thejargon, there is no guarantee that they actually know what it means.

The aim of the writer is to translate the technicalities into a common language thatcan be read and understood by the average person - technical or non-technical - buteven the most careful writer can become embroiled in industrial slang and commitit to paper either by accident, or because there is no other suitable way to explain it.

The aim of this section is to bring all such expressions together in one quickreference area so that readers requiring a better understanding can add competentlyto their knowledge base.

Analogue The use of electrical signals to carry voice or data from one point to another.

ARP Address Resolution Protocol - the translation of IP addresses to Ethernet addresses.

Asynchronoustransmission

A method of data transmission where the periods between transmitted charactersmay vary in length. The receiving device is given signals (known as start and stopbits) to indicate when a character starts and ends.

B Channel A circuit on an ISDN telephone line.

Baud A unit of speed in data transmission usually equal to one bit per second.

Glossary


Bit A single electronic pulse (either ON or OFF) used as part of a code representing acharacter (see byte).

bps bits per second - the number of characters transmitted each second (kbps = onethousand bps).

BRIC Basic Rate ISDN Concentrator.

BT British Telecommunications - a telephone service provider.

Byte 8 bits - one computer character or single number (0 to 9).

CCITT The international organisation that defines the standards for telephonic/telegraphicequipment. The initials represent the French name: the English variant is“International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee”.

Check box A tiny Windows panel that can be used to select or deselect an option. Whenchecked (selected) it will contain an X.

Child window A dialogue box (or similar) belonging to the current Windows application. It isoften used to allow information entry or to give results of processing operations, orto act as a warning message.

CLI Call Line Identification - an ISDN security feature that allows the receiving deviceto identify the caller.

Clipboard Usually an area of memory reserved for temporary storage of one packet ofinformation (either text or a graphic) that will be used elsewhere.

COM A serial communications port on a personal computer usually designated asCOM1, COM2, COM3 or COM4.

CTS Clear To Send; a signal state used in data flow control.

Datacomms Short for Data Communications; communications where computers (or terminals)are able to exchange data via an electronic medium.

DCD Data Carrier Detect; a signal state used in data flow control.

DCE Data Communication Equipment; circuit terminating equipment such as dial-upmodems that establish and control the data link across a telephone network.

Glossary Hacking through the jargon


Digitaltransmission

The use of light pulses instead of electrical signals to communicate.

DSR Data Set Ready; a signal state used in data flow control.

DTE Data Terminal Equipment; generally a computer (or terminal) that generates orreceives data.

DTR Data Terminal Ready; a signal state used in data flow control.

Firmware Programming instructions that are stored in a read-only memory unit rather thanbeing implemented through software.

Handshake The process of establishing sound communications between two devices.

Icon A small graphical representation of an object or device.

IP Internet Protocol - often used in conjunction with TCP as TCP/IP.

IPX Bridging A method for sub-dividing and rejoining network segments.

ISDN Integrated Systems Digital Network.

Kilobit Same as kbps - 1,000 bits per second.

LAN Local Area Network - a series of local computers linked together by cable.

LED Light Emitting Diode.

Modem Modulator-demodulator - a device for converting data into analogue form ready fortransmission to another similar device. The receiving device carries out the reverseprocedure.

MSN Multiple Subscriber Numbering - a service to provide additional telephonenumbers on the ISDN line. These can be allocated to specific devices.

MTU Maximum Transmission Unit - the size of the largest packet that can betransmitted between remote LANs.

Netmask A method of dividing a network into sub-networks.

NTU Network Termination Unit - the point at which the ISDN enters the premises andconnects to peripheral devices.

Glossary


NVRAM Non-volatile memory, the contents of which will not be lost after power down.

Parity A bit added to a binary code; used to check the integrity of a received character.

PC Personal computer.

PAP May be shown as PAPIN or PAPOUT but indicates the passwords used to identifynetworks at remote locations.

Ping A command used to test communications between remote networks.

PPP Point-to-Point Protocol - a standard used in network routing.

Protocol A system of rules governing communications between two or more devices.

PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network.

Radio button Like a check box, except that it is circular and contains a dot when selected. Unlikea check box, it is usually used for mutually exclusive options where selecting oneoption automatically excludes the remaining options.

RIP Routing Information Protocol.

RTS Request To Send; a signal state used in data flow control.

S-bus The bus system used to connect telephone extensions to the ISDN.

Serial terminal A device with keyboard and display used for transmitting and receiving datathrough a communications link. Unlike a computer, it has little or no internalprocessing power.

Serialtransmission

Sequential transfer of characters, one at a time, using a single electrical path.

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocols.

Stop bits Used to signal the end of a character in asynchronous transmissions. Start bitsconversely signal the beginning of a character.

Synchronoustransmission

Data transferred together and at the same rate and phase.

TA Terminal Adapter - a device to link analogue devices to the digital network (suchas Symicron’s ISDN BRIC).



TCP Transmission Control Protocol (used in network transmissions).

Terminal adapter See TA

Terminalemulation

Use of a computer acting as a standard terminal (see serial terminal) whereinstructions entered at the keyboard are sent directly to the device attached to thenominated serial port, but can be echoed on the display screen.

Transformer A device to convert an AC mains supply to a low voltage DC supply.

UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair - a network cable connection type.

V.25bis A CCITT standard for telephonic communications (used mostly outside NorthAmerica) with a specified answer sequence of 2100 Hz and 2550Hz and an1800Hz guard tone. This varies from the Bell answer tone (2225Hz) used in theUSA and Canada.

WAN Wide Area Network - a network linking equipment on remote sites together.

Windows A platform developed by Microsoft to give computer users a simplified graphicalinterface with application software.

Glossary


This page is intentionally blank



This page is intentionally blank

Wall mount drilling template Hacking through the jargon


Index

AAdvertising, 70Alarm systems, 21Analogue telephone systems

development, 16networks, 16PSTN, 17transmission frequencies, 16

BBaud rates

definition, 156Bit

definition, 156BRIC system

connecting a PC for configuration purposes, 32defined, 22initialising (rebooting), 151ISDN interface firmware, 45programming LAN devices, 59programming serial devices, 52removing pods, 24saving configuration, 111

Broadcasting, 70Byte

definition, 157

CCall connection times, 19Call Line Identification, 157Carriage return character, 57Clear To Send (CTS), 55COM port, 157

Index


autosearch facility, 48default settings, 48, 115setting the parameters, 47

Configuration parametersamending, 46main options, 47overview, 45reading from BRIC, 45, 48saving to disk file, 45storage, 45

Configuration Softwareadditional release notes, 34COM port settings, 47device selection, 42installation, 33loading for use, 34menu bar and menu options, 38overview, 31screen display features, 35tool bar and tools, 37user interface, 42Windows environment, 32Windows setup options, 33

Connecting a PC to the BRIC, 32Connecting the ISDN cable, 26

DData Carrier Detect (DCD), 55Data Set Ready (DSR), 55Data Terminal Ready (DTR), 54Digital telephone systems, 17

networks, 18

EEncapsulation layer, 68Escape character, 57Escape guard time, 57

Index Hacking through the jargon


Ethernet Interface BRICconnecting to the LAN, 28functions and facilities, 27testing, 28using, 117

Ethernet setup, 59

FFirmware, 158

non-volatile storage memory, 45Flow control, 54

GGraphical user interface (GUI), 42

HHandshaking, 158Hardware installation

pre-requisites, 23supplied package contents, 24

Hayes configurationanswering mode, 56carriage return character, 57control mode, 54echo mode, 52escape character, 57interface mode, 53line feed character, 57response mode, 52

IIcon, 158Integrated Systems Digital Network, 17

advanced supplementary services, 33

Index


alarm systems, 21B and D channels defined, 18Basic Rate system, 22benefits, 19call connection times, 19channels and transmission, 18data transfer, 19data transfer rates, 20line sharing, 21network termination unit (NTU), 21reliability, 20types of service available, 18using multiple devices, 22

Internet Protocol (IP), 68, 158IPX bridging, 158ISDN Interface BRIC

connecting the ISDN cable, 26connecting the power supply, 26connecting the serial cable, 26installation, 25testing, 26

Kkbps, 158Keyboard shortcuts, 38Kilobit, 158

LLAN, 158

Ethernet setup, 59messages, 117system name, 62using, 117UTP and Ethernet connections, 28

LED, 158LED codes, 115



MMaximum Transmission Unit (MTU), 71, 158Memory telephone numbers, 108, 110Menu bar, 38Metric setting, 71Modems

data transfer rates, 20definition, 158

Multiple Subscriber Numbering (MSN), 158

NNetmask

local, 64remote, 67

NETSTAT, 153Network Termination Unit, 21, 159Non-volatile memory, 45

OOptical glass fibre cables, 17

PPAPIN, 67PAPOUT, 68Parity, 159Password control

PAPIN, 67PAPOUT, 68restricting BRIC configuration access, 107

Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), 68Public Switched Telephone Network, 17

Index


RRemote Access Router

Connecting to the LAN, 28Functions and Facilities, 27Testing, 28

Request To Send (RTS), 55Routing Information Protocol (RIP), 64

SS-bus, 21Serial devices

configuring, 52Serial Interface

Clear To Send (CTS), 55Data Carrier Detect (DCD), 55Data Set Ready (DSR), 55Data Terminal Ready (DTR), 54Request To Send (RTS), 55using, 115

Serial interface connection, 32choosing a COM port, 32port configuration, 32

Shortcutsicons, 37keyboard, 38

Software, 31

TTCP/IP addressing, 64Telephone systems

analogue, 16digital, 17line sharing, 21sub-ocean cabling, 16

Telephonic devicesmemory numbers, 108, 110



Terminal Adapter, 54, 160Time-out, 70Tool bar, 37Transmitting data, 117Troubleshooting, 151

WWide Area Networking (WAN), 160

Index


symicron remote access router (manual)

Documents

symicron remote access

remote configuration

remote sites

routers configuration

devices menu

local address

options menu

mppp configuration