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8/10/2019 Syllabus Planner

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Std. IX Mathematics1.

Sets :o Introduction

o Methods of writing sets

o Types of sets

o

Subset - Proper, Improper subseto Super set

o Universal set

o Venn diagrams

o Operations on sets

o Relations between various operations

o Number of elements in the set and related results.2. Real Numbers :

o Revision of natural numbers, integers, rational numbers and irrationalnumbers

o Existence of irrational numbers and their representations on the numberline

o Every real number is represented by a unique point on the number lineand conversely, every point on the number line represents a unique realnumber

o Properties of real numbers

o Definition of nth root of a real number

o Surds - Definition

o Forms of surds

o Operations and Laws of surds

o Rationalization of Surds

o

Absolute value of real numberso Euclid's division Lemma

o Fundamental theorem of Arithmetic

3.

Algebraic Expressions :o Introduction to algebraic expression?

o Operations on algebraic expressions

o Methods of factorization of algebraic expression?

o Introduction to polynomials

o Operations on polynomials

o Value of polynomials

o Zeros/roots of polynomial

o

Relation between zeros and coefficient of polynomials?o Remainder theorem

o Factor theorem4. Graphs :

o Cartesian coordinate system

o Understanding of graphs of lines parallel to axes

o Graph of line ax + by + c = o

5. Linear equations in two variables


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o System of linear equations

o Solution of system of linear equations in two variables(Algebraic

methods)6. Ratio, proportion and variation

o Introduction to ratio

o

Properties of ratioo Properties of equal ratios

o Theorem on equal ratios

o Percentage as a ratio

o Introduction to proportion

o Introduction to variation

o Revision of concepts based on Direct variation, Inverse variation

o Mixed variation

o Real life problems based on ratio, proportion and variation7. Statistics :

o Collection of data

o

Classification and tabulation of datao Diagrammatic representation of data

o Graphical representation of datao Mean, median, mode of ungrouped data

8.

Lines and Angles :o Introductions to line

o Basic terms and definitions related to line

o Introduction to Euclid's Geometry

o Plane separation axiom

o Introduction to angles in terms of rotation

o Directed angles, Sexagesimal system

o

Types of angleso zero angle, straight angle, coterminal angle

o Relation between angles

o Introduction to mathematical proofs

o Parallel lines

o Results on parallel lines and transversal

o Tests of parallel lines

o Results on perpendicular lines

o Distance of a point from a line9.

Triangles :o Types of triangles

o

Terms related to triangle

o Properties of triangle

o Exterior angles and corresponding interior opposite angles

o Results involving exterior angle and corresponding interior oppositeangles

o Similar triangles10.Congruence of triangles :


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o Criteria of congruent triangles

o Theorem of an isosceles triangle and its converse

o Perpendicular bisector theorem

o Angle bisector theorem

o Properties of triangles based on inequalities

o

Property of perpendicular drawn from a point outside the line.11. Circle :

o Introduction to circle and related terms

o Circle passing through the given points

o One and only one circle passes through the three non collinear points.

o Congruence of circles

o Properties of chords of the circle

12. Quadrilateral :o Properties of quadrilateral

o Properties of parallelogram

o Properties of rectangle

o

Properties of a trapeziumo Properties of a rhombus

o Properties of a square

o Kite

o Tests for particular quadrilateral

o Theorem on midpoints of two sides of a triangle and its converse13.Coordinate Geometry :

o Distance formula

o Section formula

o Area of a triangle14. Geometric constructions :

o

Basic construction

perpendicular bisector of given segment.o Construction of a triangle

Sum/difference of two sides and base angles is given Perimeter and base angles are given

15.Trigonometry :o Introduction to trigonometric ratios

o Trigonometric Ratios of angles 0o, 30o, 45 o, 60 o, 90 o

o Trigonometric identities for complementary angles16.Mensuration :

o Area of triangle

o Area of regular hexagon, polygon

o

Area of quadrilateralso If two parallelograms lie between two parallel lines and have the same

base then they have thesame area.

o If a triangle and a parallelogram have the same base and lie between thesame parallel lines, then the area of the triangle is half the area of theparallelogram.

o Perimeter of triangle and quadrilateralo Area of circle


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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY1. Food (Biology)

1.1. Plant and animal breeding and selection for quality improvement.1.2.

Use of fertilizers, manures.1.3. Protection from pests and diseases; organic farming.

2.

Materials (Chemistry)2.1.Matter: All things occupy space, possess mass. Definition of matter

characteristics of solids, liquids and gases e.g. shape, volume, density. Changeof state: freezing, melting, evaporation, condensation, sublimation. Cooling byevaporation. Absorption of heat.

2.2.

Elements, mixtures and Compounds: elements, compounds and mixtures astypes of chemical substances. Types of mixtures; Heterogeneoushomogeneous, colloids, suspensions.

2.3.Combination of substances: Law of constant proportion, atomic and molecularmasses. Particle nature, basic units: Atoms and Molecules.

2.4.

Mole Concept: Relationship of mole to mass of the particles and numbers.Valency. Chemical formulae of common compounds.

2.5.Atomic Structure: Electrons, protons and neutrons. Atomic number andatomic mass number. Isotopes and Isobars.

3.

The World of the Living (Biology)3.1.Biological Diversity: Diversity of plants and animals: Basic issues in scientific

naming. Basis of classification, Hierarchy of categories/ groups. Plantclassification: Major Plant groups (salient features): Bacteria, ThalophytaBryophyta, Pteridophyta, gymnosperms and Angiosperms. AnimalClassification: Major groups of animals (salient features): Non- Chordates upto phyla and non-chordates up to classes.

3.2.

Smallest living unit of Life, Cell: Cell as a basic unit of life prokaryotic andeukaryotic cells, multicellular organisms; cell membrane and cell wall, cell

organelles, chloroplast, mitochondria, vacuoles, ER, Golgi apparatus. Nucleuschromosomes, basic structure, number. Tissues, organs, organ systemorganism Structure and functions of animal and plant tissues. (Four types in

animals; meristematic and permanent tissues in plants).3.3.Health

* Failure of health leading to disease.* Disease and its causes.* Diseases caused by microbes and their prevention: Typhoid, diarrhea,malaria, hepatitis, rabies, AIDS, TB, Polio.

* Pulse Polio program.3.4.Exchange of substances by living organisms with the external world:

Diffusion/exchange of substances between cells and their environment andbetween the cell themselves in the living system; role in nutrition, water andfood transport, excretion, gaseous exchange.

1.

Moving Things. People and ideas. (Physics)Motion.


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3.5.Motion: displacement, velocity, Uniform and non-uniform motion along astraight Line, acceleration, distance-time and velocity-time graphs for motion

and uniformly accelerated motion. Equations of motion by graphical methodElementary idea of uniform circular motion.

3.6.

Force and Newton's Laws: Force and Motion; Newton's Laws of Motion. Inertia

of a.body, inertia and mass, momentum, force and acceleration. Elementaryidea of conservation of momentum, action and reaction forces.

3.7.Gravitation: gravitation, universal law of gravitation, force of gravitation of theearth (earth's gravity), acceleration due to gravity, mass and weight, free fall .

3.8.Work, Energy and Power: work done by a force, energy, power. Kinetic andPotential energy, Law of conservation of energy.

3.9.

Floating Bodies: Thrust and Pressure, Archimedes' Principle, Buoyancy. Ideaof relative density.

3.10.

Sound; Nature of sound and its propagation through different media,speed of sound, range of hearing in humans; ultrasound; reflection of sound;

echo and SONAR Structure of the Human Ear. (Auditory aspect).

4.

Natural Resources

Understanding (Chemistry)Ecosystem -

4.1.

Types of ecosystem - forest, grassland, desert, aquatic, costal, marine4.2.Interaction between biotic and abiotic factors in an eco-system4.3.

Energy flow and its importance. Cycles of nutrients in terrestrial and aquatic(fresh water and marine) ecosystems, nature's mechanism in maintainingbalance.

5. Waste Generation and Management (Chemistry)5.1.Sources of waste - domestic, industrial, agricultural and commercial5.2.Classification of waste: biodegradable non-biodegradable, toxic, non- toxic

biomedical.

5.3.

Impact of waste accumulation - Spoilage of landscape, pollution, healthhazards, effect on terrestrial and aquatic (fresh water and marine) life.

5.4.

Need for management of waste.5.5.Methods of safe disposal of waste segregation, dumping, composting, drainage

treatment of effluents before discharge, incineration, use of scrubbers andelectrostatic precipitators.

5.6.Need for reducing, reusing and recycling waste.5.7.

Legal provisions for handling and management of waste.


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Mathematics X std.1. Arithmetic Progression:

Introduction to Sequence

Arithmetic Progression (A.P.) and Geometric Progression (G.P.)

General term of an A.P. and G.P. Sum of the first 'n' terms of an A.P. and G.P.

Arithmetic Mean and Geometric Mean.2. Quadratic Equations

Introduction to quadratic equations

Solutions of quadratic equations

Nature of roots based on discriminant

Relation between roots of the equation and coefficient of the terms in the

equation equations reducible to quadratic form3. Linear equations in two variables

System of linear equations in two variables

Algebraic methods of solving linear equations in two variables Graphical representation of different possibilities of solutions/Inconsistency

Graphical method of solving a system of linear equations

Determinant of order two

Cramer's rule

Consistency of pair of linear equations4. Probability:

Introduction to probability and related terms

Classical definition of probability

Types of events

Equally likely outcomes Probability of an event

Properties of Probability

Addition theorem (without proof)

5. Statistics:

Brief revision of Tabulation of data, inclusive and exclusive type of tables

Mean, median and mode of grouped data

Histograms, frequency polygon, frequency curve, pie diagram

Ogives (Cumulative frequency graphs)

Applications of ogives in determination of median

Relation between measures of central tendency

Introduction to normal distribution

Properties of normal distribution

1. Similarity:

Properties of ratios of areas of two triangles

Basic proportionality theorem

Introduction to similarity

Similar triangles


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Areas of two similar triangles

Similarity in right angled triangles

Pythagoras theorem and its converse

30o-60o-90o theorem and 45 o-45 o- 90 o theorem

Application of Pythagoras theorem in acute and obtuse angle.

Apollonius theorem2. Circle:

Tangents and its properties

Theorem - Tangent at any point to the circle is perpendicular to the radius andits converse

Number of tangents from a point to a circle

Theorem- The length of two tangent segments drawn from a point outside the

circle is equal

Touching circles

Introduction to an arc

Angle subtended by the arc to the center and to the point on the circle Cyclic quadrilateral

Tangent - Secant theorem

3. Co-ordinate Geometry:

Slope of a line

Intercepts made by a line

Standard forms of equation of a line

General equation of a line.

4. Geometric Constructions:

Division of line segment in a given ratio

Basic geometric constructions

Construction of tangent to the circle from the point on the circle and outsidethe circle.

Construction of tangent without using center

Construction of triangle If the base, angle apposite to it and either medianaltitude is given

Construction of a triangle similar to a given triangle

5. Trigonometry:

Angles in standard position.

Trigonometric ratios in terms of coordinates of point

Trigonometric Identities (with proof)

Use of basic identities and their applications Problems on height and distance

6. Menstruation:

Length of an arc

Area of the sector

Area of a Circular Segment

Euler's formula


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Surface area and volume of cuboids Spheres, hemispheres, right circular

cylinders cones, frustum of a cone.

Problems based on areas and perimeter/circumference of circle, sector and

segment of a circle.

Problems on finding surface areas and volumes of combinations of any two of

the following: cuboids, spheres, hemispheres and right circular cylinders/cones

Problems involving converting one type of metallic solid into another.

Science & Technology2.

Materials (Chemistry)2.1

Acids and Bases: Acids, Bases and Salts: General properties, examples anduses.

2.2

Chemical Reactions: Types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition,displacement double decomposition, precipitation, and neutralization.

2.3

Oxidation and Reduction: Oxidation and Reduction in terms of gain and loss ofoxygen and hydrogen.

2.4

Metals and Non-Metals: Brief discussion on basic metallurgical processes.Properties of common metals. Elementary idea about bonding.

2.5

Carbon Compounds: Elementary idea about bonding. Saturated hydrocarbonsalcohols, carboxylic acids (properties only)

2.6

Common chemicals used in daily life: Soap, common salt, Washing sodaBaking soda, bleaching powder, Plaster of Paris.

2.7

Classification of Elements: Brief historical account, Mendeleev's periodic table

gradation in properties.3. The World of the Living (Biology)3.1

Life Processes: Definition of "Living things". Basic concept of nutrition,respiration, transport and excretion in plants and animals.

3.2 Control in the Living: Tropic movements in plants .Introduction to planthormones; control and coordination in animals; voluntary, involuntary andreflex action, nervous system, chemical coordination, animal hormones.

3.3

Reproduction in the Living: Reproduction in plants and animals. Need for andmethods of family planning. Safe Sex vs-. HIV/AIDS. Child bearing and

women's health.3.4

Heredity and Evolution: Heredity, origin of life- brief introduction, Basic

concepts of evolution.4. Moving things. People and Ideas (Physics)

4.1

Electric Circuits: Potential and potential difference. Ohm's Law, Resistances inseries and parallel. Power dissipated due to current. Inter relation between P,V, I and R.

4.2

Magnets: Magnetic field, field lines. Field due to a current carrying wire, coil,solenoid. Force on current carrying conductor. Fleming's Left Hand Rule.Electric motor, electromagnetic induction. Induced potential differences


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induced current. Electric generator, principle and working. Direct andAlternating current. Frequency of AC. Advantages of AC over DC. Domestic

Electric Circuits.5. Natural Phenomena (Physics)

5.1

Light : Convergence and Divergence of Light.

5.2

Spherical Mirrors: Images formed by a concave mirror. Related concepts: centreof curvature, principal axis, optical centre, focus, focal length.

5.3

Refraction: appreciation of the concept of refraction. Laws of refraction. Velocityof light. Refractive index; twinkling of stars; dispersion of light. Scattering oflight.

5.4

Lenses: Images formed by a convex lens; functioning of the lens in the humanproblems of vision and their remedies. Application of spherical mirrors andlenses.

6.

Pollution (Chemistry)6.1

Types of pollution - air, water, (fresh and marine), soil, radiation, and noise.

6.2 Sources of pollution and major pollutants, oil spills

6.3

Effect of pollution on -environment, human health and other organisms6.4

Abatement of pollution7.

Striving for a Better Environment (Chemistry)7.1

Use of efficient and eco-friendly technology

7.2

Sustainable use of resources.7.3

Enforcement of acts, laws and policies

SN Class No. of Weeks Hrs/Subject Test Series

1 VII 32 More than 100 2 Full length test2 IX 32 More than 100 2 Full length test

3 X 32 More than 100 1 Full length test

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