swiss bioethanol supply in 2010 50% domestic production versus 100% importation from brazil what are...
TRANSCRIPT
Swiss bioethanol supply in 2010
50% domestic production versus 100% importation from Brazil
What are the sustainability issues of these two scenarios for Switzerland?
Isabelle BlancTourane Corbière-NicollierSuren Erkman
Issues of bioethanol production in Switzerland
• Is production in Switzerland possible and justifiable ?• Which is the most suitable production option (ligno-
cellulosic, wheat…) ?• In which socio-economic and legal framework ?• Does domestic production contribute significantly to the
Swiss energetic independency ?
Importation issue: What are/should be the quality requirements for imported bioethanol ?
Two scenarios
Swiss consumption: 200 millions liters/year (2010). Corresponds to 5% bioethanol in petrol 95 octans.
• Scenario 1 : Switzerland produces 100 millions liters and imports 100 millions liters from Brazil.
• Scenario 2 : Switzerland imports 200 millions liters from Brazil.
Scenario 1: 50% 50%CH Scenario 2: 100% Brazil
Cultivation potatoes, beet, cereals, wood Sugar cane cultivation
Transport Transport
Ethanol plant Ethanol plant
Transport Transatlantic transport
Warehouse
Petrol station
ARE approach: criteria -> indicators
Illustration: socio-economic criteria, employment and income
• Eco 3a (number of jobs)
Issue: What is the effect on employment?
• Eco 3b (income distribution)
Issue: In which measure do the local farmers benefit from the bioethanol production?
http://www.are.admin.ch/are/fr/nachhaltig/beurteilen/index.html
Social synthesis
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
Soc-1a Foodsuppply
Soc-2a Incomedistribution (inequity)
Soc-3a Riskshealth, security
Soc-6a Rights(undeclared workers)
Soc-7a Poverty(malnutrition)
Scenario 1 (50%-50%)
Scenario 2 (100% Brazil)
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
Soc-1a Foodsuppply
Soc-2a Incomedistribution (inequity)
Soc-3a Riskshealth, security
Soc-6a Rights(undeclared workers)
Soc-7a Poverty(malnutrition)
Scenario 1 (50%-50%)
Scenario 2 (100% Brazil)
Social synthesisReliability: 9/10
Relevance: 8/10
Reliability: 5/10
Relevance: 9/10
Reliability: 5/10
Relevance: 9/10
Reliability: 5/10
Relevance: 5/10
Reliability: 8/10
Relevance: 6/10
Economic synthesis
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
Eco-1a Profitability
Eco-2b Innovation
(Switzerland)
Eco-3a EmploymentEco-3b Incomedistribution
Eco-3c Income(ethanol/classical)
Scenario 1 (50%-50%)Scenario 2 (100% Brazil)
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
Eco-1a Profitability
Eco-2b Innovation
(Switzerland)
Eco-3a EmploymentEco-3b Income
distribution
Eco-3c Income(ethanol/classical)
Scenario 1 (50%-50%)Scenario 2 (100% Brazil)
Economic synthesis
Reliability: 7/10Relevance: 8/10
Reliability: 10/10Relevance: 9/10
Reliability: 4/10Relevance: 9/10
Reliability: 6/10Relevance: 9/10
Reliability: 6/10Relevance: 9/10
Environmental synthesis (LCA results)
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
Env-3c Soil consumption
Env-1b Erosion
Env-3a Primary non Renewable energy
Env-4a Greenhouse gas effects
Env-4b Human health (resp.)
Env-4c Soil acidification
Env-4d Aquatic acidification
Env-4e Aquatic euthrophisation
Scenario 1 (50% 50%)
Scénario 2 (100% Brésil)
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
Env-3c Soil consumption
Env-1b Erosion
Env-3a Primary non Renewable energy
Env-4a Greenhouse gas effects
Env-4b Human health (resp.)
Env-4c Soil acidification
Env-4d Aquatic acidification
Env-4e Aquatic euthrophisation
Scenario 1 (50% 50%)
Scénario 2 (100% Brésil)
Environmental synthesis (LCA results)
Reliability: 7/10Relevance: 10/10
Reliability: 7/10Relevance: 8/10
Reliability: 6/10Relevance: 9/10
Reliability: 5/10Relevance: 9/10
Reliability: 7/10Relevance: 9/10
Reliability: 6/10Relevance: 9/10
Reliability: 6/10Relevance: 9/10
Reliability: 9/10Relevance: 6/10
Synthesis
• Social aspects clearly worse for scenario 2 (100% importation): income inequity, health, nutrition, work conditions. Only better for soil use.
• Economical aspects better for the Brazilian production pathway: sugar cane productivity, process efficiency.
• Environmental aspects: favorable for energetical and greenhouse gas point of view, unfavorable for soil and water pollution.