swine final.pptx

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SWINE Introduction

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a powerpoint presentation about swine

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Page 1: SWINE final.pptx

SWINEIntroduction

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SWINEany of various stout-bodied short-

legged omnivorous artiodactyl mammals (genus Sus; family Suidae) with a thick bristly skin and a long flexible snout; especially : a domesticated one (Sus scrofa) descended from the wild boar.

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THE DIFFERENCE 'Pig' originally was applied only to young pigs, a use

now common only in the U.S. 'Hogs' and 'swine' seem to be the normal American words used generically for pigs, but in the UK 'pigs' comprises all pig animals whatever their age, although 'hogs' and 'swine' may be used in commerce. The origin of the word 'pig' is uncertain: the OED suggests it may have a lost Middle English origin similar to the surviving picbred (meaning 'acorns' or pig-bread).

(http://www.bamfield.eu/origins.php)

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HISTORY All domesticated pigs originated from the wild boar (Sus

scrofa) (Epstein 1984). The pig dates back 40 million years to fossils which

indicate that wild pig-like animals

roamed forests and

swamps in

Europe and Asia.(http://www.porkbeinspired.com/about_thehistoryofpork.aspx)

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Pigs were first domesticated in the area of what is now eastern Turkey around 9000 years ago by Neolithic tribesmen using wild boar stock. This was the start of the move by humans from hunting to farming.

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By BC 4900, written records show that pigs were being reared in China. In 4000 BC the Emperor of China ordered all Chinese people to rear pigs.

It was once thought that European pigs originated from this single source in Turkey. However recent research from the Universities of Oxford and Durham (Larson, Dobney et al, Science, 2005) has shown that European domestic pigs originated in both Italy and Germany/Central Europe around 1500 BC.

Other locations of pig domestication included northern India and the China. By 800 BC pigs appeared in Britain.

A small number of pigs were introduced to North America by Hernando de Soto in 1539 and by the time he died three years later the herd had grown to 700 pigs. 

(http://www.bamfield.eu/origins.php)

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TRIVIA In the old days, sea captains kept pigs on board

because they believed, should they be shipwrecked, pigs always swam toward the nearest shore.

The pig is rated the fourth most intelligent animal. Pigs are part of the order artidactyla (even toed, hoofed animals). There are more than 180 species of pigs, found on every continent except Antarctica. They come in just about any size and color, have an average lifespan of 20 years and litters from 2 to 12 piglets.

Pigs are often thought to be dirty, but actually keep themselves cleaner than most pets. They are seen laying in mud because they do not have sweat glands and constantly need water or mud to cool off.

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TRIVIAUncle Sam “During the War of 1812, a New York pork

packer named Uncle Sam Wilson shipped a boatload of several hundred barrels of pork to U.S. troops. Each barrel was stamped ‘U.S.‘ On the docks, it quickly became bantered about that the ‘U.S.’ stood for ‘Uncle Sam,’ whose large pork shipment looked to be enough to feed the entire army. Thus did ‘Uncle Sam’ come to represent the US Government itself.” Thus according to the US National Pork Producers Council.

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TRIVIATo stop free-roaming pigs rampaging through their grain fields, Manhattan Island residents built a long wall on the northern edge of what is now Lower Manhattan. The street that came to board the wall was named… Wall Street.

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TRIVIA In Denmark, there are twice as many pigs as people. Pigs are mentioned twice in the Bible. Sheep are mentioned

45 times, and goats 88 times. With no pun intended, a pig started a cold war. In 1859, an

British-owned pig (Hudson’s Bay Company) wandered into a American-owned potato patch on San Juan Island, off the coast

of Washington. The pig was shot, starting a

cold war (pig war).

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MEANING Pigs, mainly sows, were a symbol of fertility. Boar: a fierce opponent and valiant warrior who

fights to the death. It was used as a heraldic device - for example King Richard III's coat of arms carried a boar in recognition of his prowess as a soldier. A boar's head might also be used in this way. In Ireland, boars were frequently used as war symbols, being clever, indomitable, and ferocious.

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MEANING Boar's head: also seen as a token

of hospitality - as seen in this badge used by Queens' Cambridge

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PATRON SAINT OF PIGSST. ANTHONY

THE GREAT

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RELIGIONANCIENT EGYPT Nut, the sky goddess and goddess of the

night, whose image was painted underneath the lid of coffins, was often depicted as the heavenly sow, eternal mother of the night stars, who were identified as thousands of piglets.

The powerful Egyptian God, Set, originally God of the desert was regarded as one of the two constituents of Egypt, and was opposed to the Sun God and to Osiris, the God of the fertile Nile. Set's worship was associated with the sacrifice of pigs. Swineherds, as pig keepers, were seen as specially privileged.

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On the Iberian Peninsula, the granite sculptures called verracos, carved by Celts between the sixth century B.C. and the first century A.D., suggest that pigs might have had a religious role.

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In ancient Greek and Roman times, pigs were sacrificed to deities.

In China, the Manchus believed that a sacrificial pig drove away bad spirits and assured good fortune.

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INDIA

Avatar of Vishnu

One of the main avatars (or incarnations) of the Hindu God Vishnu (The Protector) is Varaha, the boar, who can be represented with a boar's head. The battle between Lord Varaha and Hiranyaksha (a demon who had taken control of the earth) was believed to have lasted 1,000 years.

The boar's head would presumably have been the symbol of courage.

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AVOIDANCE OF SWINE In Western countries, swine are commonly seen as a

metaphor for filthy, greedy, smelly, lazy, stubborn, and mean. About one-fifth of the world’s population refrains from eating

pork as a matter of principle. Muslims, 800 million strong, form the largest block of pork rejecters because the pig is specifically named in the Koran as an object of defilement.

In dynastic Egypt, pigs acquired a reputation for being unclean, and their flesh was not eaten by priests.

A millennium earlier, Jews had also decided that the pig was unacceptable as a source of food. In the Bible (Leviticus Chapter 11), the animal is rejected because it does not meet the arcane requirements of both having a split hoof (which it has) and chewing the *cud (which it does not). It is quite possible that the prophet Mohammed acquired his conception of the pig as an unclean animal from the Jewish tradition.

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Split hoof*cud   Food that has been partly digested and brought up from the first stomach to the mouth again for  further chewing by ruminants, such as cattle and sheep. 

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Marvin Harris (1985) has asserted that because the pig does not fit into the hot and dry conditions of the Middle East, the Israelites banned it as an ecological misfit.

Within the Christian tradition, adherents of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church do not consume pork, yet their religiously affiliated Coptic brothers in Egypt do eat it.

Many Buddhists and the great majority of Hindus refuse pig meat, although in both cases this avoidance arises more from vegetarian conviction than from any explicit religious taboo toward the animal.

The Mongols, those nomadic folk of central Asia whose way of life is ill suited to pig keeping, consider the pig to be a symbol of Chinese culture.

According to Eric B. Ross (1983), Scottish aversion to the pig was a response to the ecological cost of keeping pigs after the decline of oak and beech forests. Because sheep raising best suited the subsequent moorland landscape, mutton (beef) became a cheaper and socially more acceptable source of animal protein.

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IN THE PHILIPPINESSwine raising is an age old

backyard business. Currently, about 70% of the Swine industry is composed of small/backyard raisers. And way back in 2004, the Philippines is in the top 20 countries in terms of sow population.

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IN THE PHILIPPINESThe PHP 160 billion hog industry

is the second leading contributor to Philippine agriculture coming in second to rice despite being almost exclusively without government subsidy.

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http://didyouknow.org/animals/pigs/ http://www.bamfield.eu/origins.php