SWAP ProjectMediterranean dialogue

on framing Sustainability in WAter Policy evaluation

Final Conference Valenzano (ITALY), 25 November, 2009

SWAP IndicatorsMohammed Blinda, Plan Blue

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nMSSD framework

22

To reach these 4 objectives, the MSSD calls to progress in in 7 priority fields and to improve the governance:

OBJECTIVE 1

Contribute to economic development

OBJECTIVE 3

Change unsustainable production and consumption patterns and ensure the sustainable management of natural resources

OBJECTIVE 4

Improve governance at the local, national and regional levels

OBJECTIVE 2

Reduce social disparities by implementing the Millennium Development Goals

Governance: Mobilizing actors, implementing the strategy and monitoring progress

Promoting sustainable management of the sea and coastal zones and taking urgent action to put an end

to the degradation of coastal zones

Promoting sustainable urban development

Promoting high quality agriculture and sustainable rural development

Improving integrated water resource and water demand management

Managing energy demand and mitigating the effects of climate change

Ensuring sustainable mobility through the appropriate management of transport

Promote sustainable tourism

MSSD follow-up and indicators

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nImproving integrated water resource and demand management•Stabilize water demand (decease in the North and controlled increases in the South and East).•Reduce losses and misuses by setting up efficiency objectives for each sector of use.•Decouple water demand and GDP growth and significantly increase the economic agriculture added value per cubic metre of water use.

1 Water efficiency index (total & per sector)

2 Water demand (total & per sector), compared to GDP (total & per sector)

Preserve water resources 3 Exploitation index of renewable water resources

Achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for access to safe drinking water and sanitation

4 Proportion of the population with access to safe drinking water (total, urban, rural)With reference to MDGs.

5 Proportion of the population with access to sanitation (total, urban, rural)With reference to MDGs. 33

5 priority indicators

Complementary indicators for MSSD follow-upWAT_C01

% Regulation index of water resources

WAT_C02

% Silting up rate of dam reserves

WAT_C03

% Non-sustainable water production index

WAT_C04

% Surface equipped with modern irrigation systems

WAT_C05

Nb /%GDP

Human and economic impact of floods

WAT_C06

ha Wetland area

WAT_C07

% Water requirements for the ecosystems

WAT_C08

General water quality index

WAT_C09

Kg of DBO5

Emissions of organic water pollutants

WAT_C10

% Share of collected and treated wastewater by the public sewerage system

WAT_C11

% Share of industrial wastewater treated on site

WAT_C12

% Water cost recovery rate (total and by sector)

WAT_C13

M$/% Rate of public investments and expenditure allocated to water and Water Demand Management (WDM)

WAT_C14

M$/% Public development assistance devoted to water and proportion of this aid dedicated to programs of WDM

44

14 complementary indicators

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n Selection of indicators

Indicators selection criteria

55

indicators

Note attributed 0* 1 2

Relevance No Middle Much

Availability No In the long term Available

Definition No Imprecise Clear

Responsible institution No To define Existing

*0: is considered as a fail

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nMSSD objectives

66

•The objectives, orientations, actions and indicators proposed by the MSSD are merely indicative, as they are intended to be applicable throughout the region.

• The countries or groups of countries are faced with significantly different situations and challenges and may need to adopt specific approaches, objectives and indicators (national, local).

•Consistency is desirable in regional and subregional approaches, as outlined in the common Strategy, specific national goals will clearly have to be defined or adjusted in line with each national strategic and planning framework.

•‘Pilot actions’, with limited cost and potentially high visibility, should be proposed during implementation as a means of accelerating change and of demonstrating political commitment to sustainable development

SWAP indicators contribution

LEBANON MOROCCO SPAIN

COMMON objectives

Indicators

Physical parameters ENV Improve water quality Chemical parameters

Salinity of soil and ground water Amount of applied fertilizer Hectares of wetland preserved/restored/destroyed

Preserve water for ecosystem functions

Morphologic deterioration of the waterways network and wetlands

Water scarcity indicator Groundwater level evolution Preserve water resources Over-exploitation Sustainable water exploitation

Social status Education level Poverty

Per capita available water

Health insurance

SOC Improve social conditions of rural population

Emigration Population with access to safe drinking water and sanitation

Social cohesion Awareness

Improve social cohesion

Appreciation of social values

Energy cost Energy cost Energy cost Irrigation cost Irrigation cost Land renting cost

Irrigation cost

Agricultural input supply Labor cost Crop quality New production techniques % of sold product % of exported product % of processed product Price index

ECO Stabilize farm income

Agricultural policies

Value of production for unit of water Value of production for unit of water

Number of WUA GOV Improve water management Number of SH involved in implementing strategies and monitoring progress

COMMON objectives LEBANON MOROCCO SPAIN

Indicators

Urbanization Land use and crop distribution Use of fertilizers

ENV SOC

Manage changes in land uses

Wetland reserve

Use of minimum tillage and direct seeding

Irrigation water use efficiency Irrigation water use efficiency Water quantity consumed per hectare Water quantity consumed per hectare Surface equipped by modern irrigation practices

Surface equipped by modern irrigation practices

ENV ECO

Improve irrigation efficiency Performance of the gravity system

Number of farmers using innovative technologies Number of farmers using innovative

technologies

Resident rural population Population by sector Farmers Workers Labor gender Labor age Labor nationality

ENVGOV

Improve and implement settlement of rural population

Labor availability

Number of WUA using environmental friendly practices

Share of young farmers

SOC ECO

Improve the economic state of rural population

Total amount of subsidies for farmers Total amount of subsidies for farmers

Number of demonstration activities Available of Information on water use

SOCGOV

Strengthen public participation in local water management

Number of women in WUA Number of meetings with civil society

ECOGOV

Increase the transparency in the decision-making process

Acceptance of water fees % of water services costs recovered

SWAP indicators with a link with MSSD’s indicators

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nIndicators selected

Indicator Nature Relevance

Availability

Definition

Responsible institution

Note

Population with access to safe drinking water and sanitation

MDG/MSSD

Much (2) Available (2)

Clear (2) Existing (2)

8

Irrigation water use efficiency

MSSD Much (2) Available (1)

Clear (2) Existing (2)

7

Water scarcity indicator

MSSD Much (2) Available (2)

Clear (2) Existing (2)

8

Over-exploitation MSSD Much (2) Available (1)

Clear (2) Existing (2)

7

Hectares of wetland preserved orWetland reserve

MSSD Much (2) Available (1)

Clear (2) Existing (2)

7

Per capita available water

MSSD Much (2) Available (2)

Clear (2) Existing (2)

8

Surface equipped by modern irrigation practices

MSSD Much (2) Available (2)

Clear (2) Existing (2)

8

% of water services costs recovered

MSSD Much (2) Available (1)

Clear (2) Existing (2)

7

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n

1010

Indicators selected and measured

Indicators Nature

Case studies Type Notation

Environment dimensionLoss of agricultural lands Local Lebanon Pressure 7Water qualityChemical parametersSalinity of soil and ground waterAmount of applied fertilizer

LocalLocalLocal

LebanonMoroccoSpain

StatePressurePressure

888

Water quantityWater scarcity indicator*Per capita available waterOver-exploitation*Groundwater level evolutionNon sustainable water exploitation

MSSDMSSDMSSDLocalLocal

LebanonMoroccoLebanonMoroccoMorocco

StatePressurePressurePressurePressure

78877

Social dimensionSocial statusActive population farmersCommunicationPopulation with access to safe drinking water and sanitation

LocalLocalLocalMDG/MSSD

LebanonLebanonLebanonMorocco

ResponseResponseResponseResponse

7778

Economical dimensionEnergy costIrrigation costAgricultural input supply Labor cost Improvement of techniques of productionPrice indexMiddle Man CommissionValue of production for unit of water

LocalLocalLocalLocalLocalLocalLocalLocal

MoroccoLebanon/ MoroccoLebanonLebanonLebanonLebanonLebanonMorocco

PressurePressureStatePressureResponsePressurePressureResponse

77777777

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1111

Indicators selected and measured (follow)

Indicators Nature Case studies Type NotationGovernance dimensionNumber of WUANumber of SH involved in implementing strategies and monitoring progress

LocalLocal

MoroccoMorocco

ResponseResponse

77

Environment/EconomicPerformance of the gravity systemIrrigation water use efficiency Water quantity consumed per hectareSurface equipped by modern irrigation practicesNumber of farmers using innovative technologies

LocalMSSDLocalMSSDLocal

LebanonMorocco Morocco Morocco Morocco

ResponsePressurePressureResponseResponse

77887

Social/EconomicTotal amount of subsidies for farmers

Local Morocco Response 7

Social/GovernanceNumber of demonstration activities

Local Morocco Response 7

Economic/Governance% of water services costs recovered

MSSD Morocco Response 7

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nSWAP indicators

1212

•The SWAP indicators have identified by the local fora, are consistent with the list of indicators suggested in the MSSD because these local indicators are based on the general framework of the MSSD to meet national and local expectations of the population.

•In addition, these indicators have been selected by all local stakeholders through a participatory approach of all concerned in the context of promoting sustainable development.

• These indicators respond to sustainable development objectives based on 4 pillars such environmental, economic, social and governance and their interaction.

SWAP indicators contribution

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nConclusions

1313

The SWAP project can be a basis for an international debate on sustainability indicators in general, the indicators of sustainability appear often too general in order to identify relevant issues of sustainable development.

The SWAP indicators for sustainable development are proposed by the 3 case studies. These indicators should reflect the state of the environment, economy, health, quality of life, social cohesion in a context of sustainable development in local or national level.

SWAP indicators contribution