sustaining submillimeter science: new developmentawootten/ursigassmeeting.pdf · 2017-08-17 ·...

Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter ArrayKarl G. JanskyVery Large Array

Robert C. Byrd Green Bank TelescopeVery Long Baseline Array

SustainingSubmillimeterScience:NewDevelopment

A Short OverviewAl Wootten

2 ANASAC f2f Meeting – 17 May 2016

ASACRecommendedDevelopmentPaths• FinishtheScopeofALMA (B1+B2+B5receivers,VLBIcapability)– DetailedinALMAScientificSpecificationsandRequirements (ALMA-

90.00.00.00-001-B-SPE)

• ALMA2030– 1.ImprovementstotheALMAArchive:enablinggainsinusabilityandimpactfortheobservatory.

– 2.Largerbandwidthsandbetterreceiversensitivity:enablinggainsinspeed.

– 3.Longerbaselines:enablingqualitativelynewscience.– 4.Increasingwidefieldmappingspeed:enablingefficientimaging.

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ALMA’sFuture• Theoriginalspecificationsandmostconstructioncontractswerelet~15

yearsago;thosespecificationsaremostlydemonstrated• Technologyhasadvancedtremendouslysince• ThecommunityisoutlininganewvisiontoextendALMAscienceintothe

future• ALMADevelopmentfundsenablestudieswhichcanunderpinthatvision

– StudiesareavailableintheALMAMemoSeries,theyareopentocommunityparticipation

– SACsandscienceteamcombinedtheseintoapaletteofpossibleupgradessummarizedin‘ALMA2030’

– Communitynowengagedintransformingtheseelementsandothersintoascience-drivenvisionforthenext5-15years

• ALMADevelopmentProjectsfundupgradestoALMAtoachievethatvision,astheyhaveforBands1(35-52GHz)and5(163-211GHz),andwillfortheremainingBandsandothercapitalinvestments

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ALMADevelopment

• ALMAOperationsincludeddevelopmentfunds– Rampeduptosteady-statelevelbyFY2015– Firstprioritywastobuildtounfundedrequirements(receiverbands,VLBI)

• ALMAIntegratedScienceTeamworkingwiththeALMAScienceAdvisoryCommittee(ASAC),developedPATHWAYSTODEVELOPINGALMA(ALMA2030)

• Usinginformationgleanedfromvarioussources,Pathways informsdiscussionsleadingtoassemblyofaroadmapforALMAimprovements

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ALMADevelopmentOverview• ALMAOperationscomprisesmanyorganizationsinmanycountriesand

manyentitiesparticipateinDevelopmentinparallelbutslightlydifferentfashion

• Projects arelargepan-ALMAefforts,budget≥$.2Mtakingseveralyears,culminatinginmajornewcapabilitiesorimprovements– BeginwithrecommendationofALMAExecutive(s),perhapsinresponsetoa

CommunityCall– NeedapprovalofALMAManagementTeam(JAO,EA,EU,NA),ASACand

recommendationofALMADirectortoALMABoard• Studiesandsmallprojectsareshorterterm,lowerbudgetendeavors

– Normally,StudiesareinitiatedbyaCommunityCallforIdeas– Mayleadtoprojects,singlyorcollectively– FundingatdiscretionofALMAExecutives

• Bothareguidedbyaconstellationofpotentialimprovements,manylistedinadocumentknownas‘ALMA2030’

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ProgressionofALMADevelopmentComponents

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ALMAEnhancement

Implementation/CASA ADMIT(Sept2016)

ALMADevelopmentProject

CARTA ALMADataMiningToolkit

ALMADevelopmentStudy

NextGenALMADataViewer UnleashingLargeDatasetScience


CurrentProjectOverview

NA Development Program

Three Projects continue during FY2017.

Design&TestingofaPrototype67-95GHzCartridge

Band3CCAHeaterInstallationforDeflux OperationFiberOpticProject

• NewALMABand2+providesnewscience:sensitive accesstoredshiftedCO‘desert’anddeuteratedlightmoleculespassedPDRMay• NRAO+NAOJ,suspended

• CorrelatorUpgrade(notyetapproved)• FiberopticconnectionALMAtoJAOimprovesPI

datadelivery• B3upgradetodeliverimprovedTPstability• RecentlydeliveredADMITandCARTAprojectsfor

improvedarchiveuse• ALMAPhasingProject(someelementspending)

ADMITproductsaredeliveredwithdatapackages,alsoarchived(currentlyindependently)

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EUDevelopmentProgram

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CurrentProjectOverview• NewALMABand5(163-211

GHz)providesnewscience:• FollowtheWater!

• 183GHzwaterline

• [CII]at8.0<z<10.65• ConsortiumofGARD,NOVA,

NRAO,ESO,NAOJ• PublicDataavailable(SV)

• ALMAAlarmSystem• ALMAB2+3(pendingreview)

• 67-116GHzonecartridge• PrototypePDRNov‘17

SEPIA/Apex data Wyrowski+ 2017


EADevelopmentProgram

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CurrentProjectOverview• Band1(35-51GHz)enablesnew

science:• Opticallythindustindisks• HighzCO• Trx ~25K;ASIAA,withNAOJ,Uof

Chile,NRAO,HIA;availableca2020• GPUSpectrometerforTP(w/KASI)• Band5IntegrationandTesting• Band2,2+3optics• ArtificialCalibrationSource

• BeaconatChajnantor• 100GHzdelivered• 230/345GHz2018

• HighCriticalCurrentDensity(Jc)SISJunctionDeviceDevelopment(esp WidebandRF/IFandTHzdevices)

ACS acceptance at OSFBand 1 Receiver


Cycle4StudyOverviewActingonALMA2030vision:• Increasingreceiversensitivity,bandwidth

1. UpgradedALMAB3mixerblock- Henke2. 2nd generationSISreceiverdevelopment-Kerr

• ExpandingALMA’sprocessingbandwidth1. UpgradeofBackendAntennaArticletomatch

correlatorupgrade- Ford

• Improveddatause1. ImprovedinteractiveCLEAN2. Improvedimagingwithcombinedarrays

• Maximizingpointsourcesensitivityandresolution1. WeaksourceandspectrallineVLBI


Six Cycle 4 Studies underway.

Aprotoplanetarydisksimulation:r:currentbandwidthl:upgraded2xBW.

Developmentof2nd GenerationSISReceiversforALMA:PrototypebalancedB6amplifier4-12GHz

TotalPowerMaptoVisibilities(TP2VIS)a)Jointdeconvolutionb)Currentmode

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Cycle5StudyOverviewActingontheALMA2030vision:• Increasingreceiversensitivity,bandwidth

• 2nd GenerationSISReceiverDevelopment -Kerr

• ExpandingALMA’sprocessingbandwidth• Quantum-LimitedVery-Wideband4-Kelvin

RFandIFAmplifiersforALMA- Noroozian• Improveddatacharacterization

• NeuralNetworkAnalysisofALMADatasets-Merenyi

• Full-fieldprimarybeammodelswillbe developedforuseinimagingsoftware• Full-MuellerMosaicImagingwithALMA,PI

SanjayBhatnagar


Four Cycle 5 Studies Commence FY2018.

NeuralNetworkanalysishighlightsdeparturesfromKeplerian diskmotioninHD142527.

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Imagingwithdifferentantennas


StudyOverviewActingontheALMA2030vision:• SISJunctionTechnologyDevelopment(Belitsky,

GARD)• EvolutionoftheALMAObservingTool(Bridger,

UKATC)• Band2+3(ESO,INAF,UManc,NAOJ,RAL,• UChile)

– PassiveComponent– InP MMICLNAsforALMABand2+3– Band2+3Prototype(internal;ongoing)

• DigitizationandDigitalSignalProcessingfor16GHzon-skybandwidth(AlainBaudry)

• DigitalALMAFrontEnd• 2SBupgradeforBand9(NOVA,Baryshev)• SolarObservations(pendingALMAMemo)• XClass/MAGIXintegrationinCASA• ARTISTprototypeinterface

EU Development Program

B2+3LNAperformance(Cuadro-Calle etal.2017)

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StudyOverviewActingontheALMA2030vision:• ALMACalibrationSource

– Calibrationatbands3,6,7• HighCriticalCurrentDensity(Jc)SIS

JunctionDeviceDevelopment(includingWidebandRF/IFandTHzdevices)

• GPUSpectrometerforTotalPowerarray(withKASI)– SupplementstheACAcorrelator– Separatesauto-correlationfrom cross-

correlation,maintaining32-bitquantizationandeliminatingre-quantizationlossinthedecimation.

EA Development Program

CompleteFluxRecoveryusing12m+7m+TP

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ImmediateFuture• Projects

– Next:FollowmanystepsinPrinciplesofALMADevelopment,• CorrelatorUpgrade,APPprobablytoBoardlate2017.• ALMABand2+orB2+3probablytoBoard2018.

• Studies– NewCallseverythreeyearsatESO(2019),probablyFY2019inNA,

yearlydiscussionsinEA

• ALMA2030

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ALMADevelopmentVision• TheALMADevelopment WorkingGroupshallproposeascience-drivenvisionforthemedium(5years)tolongerterm(5to15years)developmentofALMA

• TwonewScienceDriverswereidentified:– Disks&Planets:Theabilitytoexplorethechemicalcompositionandevolutionofdisks,includingaroundplanets,downtoscalesof1AU

– FirstGalaxies:Theabilitytoinvestigatetheearlyuniversefromtheformationofmetals(firststars)tothepeakofstarformationandtoidentifythefirstgalaxiesandimagetheirsurroundings

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DevelopmentPrioritiesToRealizetheVision

• BroaderIFbandwidth;upgradecomponents– Spectrometeranddigitizerupgrades– Receiverupgrades(B6/7,B3,B9)– Results:

• Bettercontinuumsensitivity• Improvedspectralcoverage,sensitivity

• Additionalantennas,longerbaselines,focalplanearrays– BeyondbasicDevelopment– Improvedspectralsensitivityandimaging– Widefieldimaging

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• Mielparque Kyoto,October3- 5,2017• Registerby1September• Webhttp://alma-intweb.mtk.nao.ac.jp/~diono/meetings/longBL2017/

ALMA Long Baseline Workshop


PolarizationWorkshop

• Submm/mm/cmQUESOWorkshop2017:• Centimetre-Sub-Millimetre Q&U(andV)EuropeanSouthernObservatoryWorkshop

• Garching,October25- 27,2017

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AtLAST

• AtacamaLarge-ApertureSubmm/mmTelescope(AtLAST)

• ESO-HQ,Garching b.München,Germany• January17-19,2018

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MagneticFieldsorTurbulence:Whichisthecriticalfactorfortheformationofstarsand

planetarydisks?• 6-9Feb2018,NationalTsingHuaUniversity,Hsinchu,Taiwan• Discussionsonallaspectsofstarandplanetarydiskformation,

suchas– Magneticfieldandturbulencemeasurements– Molecularcloudstructureanddynamics– Formationofprotoplanetarydisks– Chemicalcontentsofmolecularcoresanddisks– Starformationefficiency

• http://events.asiaa.sinica.edu.tw/workshop/20180206/index.php

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New Horizons in Solar Systems

A Joint NAASC-NRC ConferenceVictoria, BC, May 2019


www.nrao.eduscience.nrao.edu

The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundationoperated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.

24 ANASAC f2f Meeting – 17 May 2016URSIGASS2017

Adapted From Walter et al. 2016

Upgraded Correlator, IF, Halves Spectral Search Settings

UpgradedALMACorrelatorneedsonlyfoursettingstocoverBand6;currentlyeighttunings(Lettered,left)areneededtocoverthefrequenciesofthe[CII]lineatredshiftsof6to8intheALMAASPECSspectralscanoftheHubbleUltraDeep Field.


UpgradedCorrelatorNetsMoreLines

• ManyCOisotopomers fallwithinapartoftheHerschelHEXOSspectralscaninaportionofALMABand9(611-720GHz)showingthespectralgraspofthecurrentbaselinecorrerlator (8GHzx2polarizations)comparedtothatfromtheupgradedcorrelator(2x8GHzx2polarizations).FromTahani etal.2016.

• Forhighresolution,ALMA’scurrentconfigurationprovides58MHzspectralwindows,only~70km/sat300GHz.Withthecorrelatorupgrade,onecouldachievethesameresolutionover~550km/s.

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sustaining submillimeter science: new developmentawootten/ursigassmeeting.pdf · 2017-08-17 ·...

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