sustainable transport and infrastructure policies in latin america … · 2011-05-16 ·...
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0 Ric
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Ricardo J. Sánchez ChiefInfrastructure Services UnitNatural Resources and Infrastructure Division
Time for Equality, Infrastructure and Transport
Sustainable transport and infrastructure policies in Latin America
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Ric
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Time for Equality, Transport and Infrastructure
Public policies in Latin America
ECLAC / NRID work plan
Contents
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Transport Infrastructure and Development
Global experience, both theoretically and empirically analyzed, gives
valuable results regarding the positive relationship between the
provision of infrastructure
and economic and social development.
Although in the past several questions were raised about the forms of
measurement and empirical results, now it is recognized
that there is a
positive relationship, and that the presence of improvements in
infrastructure helps to explain growth differentials among regions or
countries.
The services
provided from the infrastructure complement that
relationship, concluding that improved infrastructure services depend,
among other factors, of appropriate conditions in their supply, and
both supporting improvements in productivity
and competitiveness
of
a country or region, contributing to economic growth.
In the current design, we can no longer considering the infrastructure on
one side and the other services, as it was traditionally. Is the definition
of infrastructure services which play a role in the economic and
social development.
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Infrastructure Action and Transport
Economic Growth
Infrastructure services increase productivity / reduce production costs
Inequality and poverty
Access to infrastructure services (including transport) has more
positive effect
on income and welfare of the poorest segments. Public services and
universal access.
Better access to markets (working, for example)Improving human capital: directly (access to safe water, sanitation) or indirectly (transportation to school, hospital, entertainment, etc.).
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Infrastructure Stock and Economic Development
AGO
ARE
ARG
AUSAUT
BDI
BEL
BENBFABGD BGR
BHR
BLR
BOL
BRA
BWA
CAF
CAN
CHE
CHL
CHN
CIVCMRCOG
COLCRI
CYP
CZEDEUDNK
DOM
DZAECU
EGYESP
ESTETH
FINFRA
GAB
GBR
GHA
GIN
GMBGNB
GRC
GTM
HKG
HND
HRVHTI
HUNIDNIND
IRL
IRN
IRQ
ISLISRITA
JAM
JOR
JPN
KAZKEN
KGZ
KOR
LBY
LKA
LTU
LUXLVAMAR
MDG
MEX
MLT
MRTMWI
MYS
NER
NGA
NIC
NLD
NOR
NPL NZL
OMN
PAK PAN
PERPHL
POL
PRT
PRY
QAT
ROM
RUS
RWA
SAU
SDN
SEN
SGP
SLE
SLVSVK
SVNSWESYR
TCDTGO
THA
TTOTUN
TUR
TWN
TZA
UGA
UKR
URY
USA
VENYEM
YSR
ZAF
ZAR
ZMBZWE
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
Infrastructure Stock Index (WB)
Gro
wth
of r
eal p
c G
DP
(%)
Infrastructure Stock and Income Inequality
ZWE
ZMBZAF
YSR
VEN
USA
URY
UKR
UGATZA
TWN
TUR
TUN
TTOTHA
SWE
SVN
SVK
SLV
SLE
SGP
SEN
RWA RUSROM
PRY
PRT
POL
PHL
PER
PAN
PAK
NZL
NPL
NOR
NLD
NICNGA
NER
MYS
MRT
MEX
MDG
MAR
LVA
LUX
LTU
LKA
KORKGZ
KEN
KAZ JPN
JOR
JAM
ITA
ISR
IRQ
IRN
IRL
INDIDN
HUNHRV
HND
HKG
GTM
GRC
GNB
GIN
GHA
GBR
FRA
FIN
ETH
EST
ESP
EGY
ECU
DZA
DOM
DNKDEU
CZECYP
CRI
COL
CIV
CHN
CHL
CHECAN
BWA
BRA
BOL
BLR
BGR
BGD
BFA
BELAUT
AUS
ARG
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
55.0
60.0
65.0
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Infrastructure Stock Index (WB)G
ini C
oeffi
cien
t
Source: Luis Servén 2008
If one considers the relationship between quality of infrastructure,real GDP per capita and the inequality of income distribution
trends are the same in each case
Infrastructure, Development and Equity
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Time for Equality, Transport and Infrastructure
Public policies in Latin America
ECLAC / NRID work plan
Contents
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1)Physical tightness or shortage
2)High dispersion and multiplicity of views
3)Failures or institutional and regulatory obstacles
4)Weakness and / or lack of sustainability criteria
5)Also…
Diagnosis and Major Infrastructure Challenges in Latin America
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The Infrastructural Gap
0
50
100
150
200
250
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
p
2010
p
Brecha Efectivo NecesarioSupply DemandGap
Source: ECLAC, 2010
Estimate of the infrastructure gap in transport in Latin America (base 1995 = 100)
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icar
do J
. Sán
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EP
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| Nac
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s U
nida
s R
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do.S
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EC
LAC
.org
NRID / ISU Keywords
Time for Equality and economic and social development:
–
Full development
–
Equal rights
Public policies:
–
Comprehensive vision and approach–
Sustainability
Sustainable transport and infrastructure services (both long and short distances, passengers and freight):
–
Modal shift
–
Co‐modality
–
Technical regulations (emissions, fuel, engines, etc.)
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For us, the main challenge is to align the conception, design, implementation
and monitoring and control of policies related to infrastructure and services to maximize their impact on development,
requiring the review of its policies for infrastructure services.
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@E
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C.o
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Ric
ardo
J. S
ánch
ez |
CE
PA
L | N
acio
nes
Uni
das
Ric
ardo
.San
chez
@E
CLA
C.o
rg
Time for Equality, Transport and Infrastructure
Public policies in Latin America
ECLAC / NRID work plan
Contents
12 Ric
ardo
J. S
ánch
ez |
CE
PA
L | N
acio
nes
Uni
das
Ric
ardo
.San
chez
@E
CLA
C.o
rgR
icar
do J
. Sán
chez
| C
EP
AL
| Nac
ione
s U
nida
s R
icar
do.S
anch
ez@
EC
LAC
.org
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ThankYou!
Ricardo J. Sánchez
ChiefInfrastructure Services Unit
Natural Resources and Infrastructure Division United Nations ECLAC
+56 2 210-2131
[email protected]://www.eclac.org/transporte