SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMSBABA HASSAN DIN MAUSOLEUM

ARCHITECT: KAMIL KHAN MUMTAZ

INTRODUCTION

• Tombs of two Sufi saints, located in a residential area of Baghbanpura Lahore.

• The project is based on traditional design principles and building construction materials and techniques.

• The structure is in burnt brick and lime mortar.• Interior finishes include lime plaster and fresco work.

Facade

DESIGN PROPERTIES

• N-S Oriented • Double Heighted Internal Spaces• Thick Internal and External Walls (thermal mass)• Double Dome (thermal mass)• Basement

S

N

WE

The Mausoleum

DOUBLE HEIGHTED ROOMS

THICK WALLS

DOUBLE DOME

The cavity of the double dome acts as a thermal insulator

BASEMENTS

Useful for Thermal Regulations

THE CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

• White marble

• Burnt brick and lime mortar

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE BUILDING MATERIALS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY

BRICK• Appropriate, less carbon footprint• Burnt brick has much higher thermal

mass as compared to other building construction materials.

• Its time lag is increased.• The heat takes several hours to reach

the other surface of the wall and thus the enclosed space remains cool.

WHITE MARBLE• The reflective white marble tiles of the

courtyard floor and the lime polish of the walls are very helpful in thermal regulation since they absorb very few incoming rays and reflect most of them.

• They do not let the heat penetrate through them.

• Help in keeping the temperature low.

TECHNIQUES

• Courtyard (courtyard effect)• Opening from the basement (stack effect)• Air movement within the Dome• Stylized Vents• Lattice Screens

COURTYARD

• Prevents solar radiations from reaching the interior structure

• The courtyard remains shaded almost all day specially during the morning and evening

• In the evening, air temperature falls when re-radiation of heat occurs. The temperature of air in the courtyard rises due to the day long heated floor of the courtyard and walls of the building, this gives an up rise to the hot air and finally a cool air replaces the space evacuated by the hot air. This makes the courtyard a cooler space.

The Courtyard Effect

tombtomb Courtyard(relatively lower temperature)

STACK EFFECT

The double heighted wall, domed roof and ventilators near the dome make the hot air rise in the main chamber of the mausoleum. Cool air comes from the basement through an opening in the floor to replace this evacuated space. This movement of air causes the stack effect.

Ventilators

Opening from the basement

Basement

Ground Floor

Internal Dome

The Stack Effect

DOME

MOVEMENT OF AIR INSIDE A DOME

VENTS

• The vents are placed higher and are slightly sloped towards the inside so that the air could leave easily to the outside.

• In the basement the ventilators are like funnels which are meant for the air passage during natural ventilation..

• Only diffused light can pass through these ventilators

LATTICE SCREENS

• Lattice screens are best for air passage and flow and allows diffused light both into the ground floor and basement chambers.

LEVEL

• Venture's Effect

ODOUR

• The bathrooms are separated from the rest of the buildings.

• It is in the form of a closed loop with the top open.

• It has ventilators above each door.

CONCLUSION

The structure is energy efficient because of the:

1. Materials used for construction2. Design strategies, and3. Traditional techniques

THANK YOU

BIBI SOSAN SANA SHAHZADASHFAQ REHMAT SANIA ZEHRA KIRAN JAVED