sustainable intensification of maize legume cropping systems for food security in eastern and...
DESCRIPTION
A presentation made at the WCCA 2011 event in Brisbane, Australia.TRANSCRIPT
Sustainable Intensification of Maize Legume cropping
systems for food security in Eastern and Southern Africa
SIMLESA The Why, How and Where
Geographic focusEthiopia
Kenya
Malawi
Mozambique
South Africa
Tanzania
Mulugetta Mekuria; Prasanna B, Rodriguez D , Shiferaw B, Wall P,
Dixon J,Dimes J, Potgieter A
Problem settingWhy SIMLESA and Origins of Program idea• Persistent hunger & poverty in east and southern Africa
* droughts and famine* food (price) crisis …. which persists* global financial crisis (GFC)
• History of Australian contributions to food security since the middle of the last century:
* establishment of FAO; and ongoing support* establishment of CGIAR; and ongoing support
• Current widespread concerns in Australia over negative effects of food price crisis on hunger and poverty
* initial contributions through multilateral institutions • During 2008 additional budget allocations sought forspecific food security
programs in Asia and Africa (including one part focused on maize-legume
systems
Clusters of food insecuritySIMLESA Countries
http://apsrunet.apsim.info/simlesa/
Potgieter, Davis and Rodriguez, 2010
Low productivity of maize-legume cropping systems
Lack of functioning input and output value chains
Poor availability of improved seeds
Scarce agricultural research capacity
Why are we where we are?
Dual Challenge to SSATo double food production, and significantly increase incomes
and livelihood opportunities, while• Ensuring resilience and sustainability of farming systems on
essentially the same land area, • Adapting to climate change and the increases in costs of
fertilizer, water, and labor.SIMLESA goes right to the heart of this challenge
More productive, resilient and sustainable
smallholder maize-legume practices,
tactics and strategies
SIMLESA aims at increasing farm-household food security and productivity, in the context of climate risk and change, through the development of more resilient, profitable and sustainable
maize-legume farming systems
Mainstreaming Gender, M&E , Spill overs, Scaling out and capacity building
Socio-economic characterization
Input and output
value chain
Whole farm resource allocations
Improved range of maize and legume varieties available for smallholders
30% increase in maize and legume yields and 30% reduction in risk500,000 households over the next 10 years
3 IsINTEGRATION (SYSTEMS)
INNOVATION PLATFORMS
IMPACT ORIENTATION
Program Leader
v
Farmer-to-farmer exchanges SIMLESA, 2010
Baseline surveys, and SE studies
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Arumeru Karatu Hanang
Reported Farmers' Sources of Income
other
craft
petty trade
beer brewing
self-employment
remittance
hiring-out labour
livestock sales
vegetable sales
crop sales
Farming systems modelling
Researcher and extension
training
Researcher managed trials
On-farm trialsFarmer-
managed trials
Farmers experimentingCommunity
awareness meetings
Governance and Organization
Project Steering Committee
Project Management: CIMMYT
EIAR Ethiopia
KARI Kenya
MoAMalawi
IIAM Mozambi
q
MoATanzania
ASARECA CIMMYT
ICRISAT-TL2
Australian Partners
South African Partners
Objective 1: Major achievements-2010
Household baseline survey• Baseline survey completed in all the five countries and on-going in Malawi
• Interviewed 4600 farm households randomly selected
• 29 districts located in two agro-ecological zones and maize-pigeon pea, maize-beans, and maize-groundnuts , maize-soya beans cropping system
• More than 580 villages
• Community survey data collected from these villages
Ethiopia
Kenya
Malawi
Moz
ambi
que
Achievements in Objective 2 (CA)• Ethiopia: Second season 2011/2012 progressing vey Field days ongoing• Kenya and Tanzania Season two crops mid season stage-
Field days being organized• Malawi and Mozambique-First Season results reported
Field Day –Hawassa –Ethiopia16 August 2011
Objective 2: Establishment of on-farm exploratory trials by farmers
Country Farmer groups # of Exploratory trialsEthiopia 9(12) 47 (58 in Year2)
Kenya 8 48
Tanzania 8 48
Malawi 6 36
Mozambique 6 36
Total 37 215
• Innovative relay & intercrop cropping systems tested for Queensland
• Stress characterisation for Queensland
• 2 NARS trained on BNF
• More than five congress publications submitted
Achievements in Objective 2 (CA)
Field Visit Kenya 16 June
Ethiopia Kenya Malawi Mozambique Tanzania
Hybrids BH661BH543
KH500-39EKDH3WH105KH500QKH631QH624H520KH533AKM0406
MH26MH27
CZH0511Olipa
Selian H308Selian H208SAH779SAH638SAH636
OPVs Melkassa 2Melkassa 6QGibe 2Gibe 3
KDV1Embu SynthKKSynth2 WS303KM0403
ZM523 ZM623 ZM309 ZM721
ZM523TsanganoChinaca
SA523SA525
Identification of pre-release (within NVMTs) or newly released hybrids and OPVs with potential suitability for the targeted farming system
Objective 03
Farmers’ assessment of newly released and pre-released maize varieties • Assessment was done for newly released varieties, pre-released
varieties, and farmer maize varieties • Evaluation involves socio-economists, maize breeders and
agronomists in collaboration with farmers and extension staff
Capacity building• Graduate level training/scholarships -AusAID and ACIAR
– 5 PhD enrolled in 2011 in Austrian Universities– 30+Msc,3 PhDs registered in local Universities– 2012 Candidates being selected
• Specific short term training in – CA Principles for research ,extension, NGO,staff and
farmers– socio economics, M&E, Impact assessment for NARS– breeding and seed systems – Gender Mainstreaming– APSIM
• Vehicles for all NARS, Laptops, moisture meters, digital cameras, jap planters, GPS units
For SIMLESA to succeed, it must draw on appropriate component technologies
• CA based practices• Drought tolerant maize• More productive legume varieties• Postharvest technologies• Improved integration of livestock options• Cell-phone managed insurance approaches
The Challenge:How do we combine them so they
optimize food security, incomes, resilience and sustainability?
For SIMLESA to succeed, it must align with realistic value chains
• Seed supply• Fertilizer supply• Equipment for CA based
technologies• Postharvest technologies• Insurance providers• Price information providers• Traders and processors
…Do you know them? Are the
appropriate providers involved?
What are we targeting? – Farms that strongly base their food and income
security on maize and legumes What do we do? –
Interventions that maximize farm-level productivity, income, resilience and sustainability in these
farming systems, based on farmers own resources and long
realistic value chains.
How do we work? – Innovation systems approach which means strong partnership with relevant actors
Looking at the bigger picture: