sustainable group housing projects: setting up a methodological and substantive framework for early...
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Sustainable Group Housing Projects
Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
BART JANSSENS, M.ARCH. – BREEAM AParchitect - doctoral researcher – lecturerFaculty of Design Sciences - Architecture
UA: prof. dr. A. Verbruggen, prof. ir. arch. L. Denissen, prof. dr. A. VerhetselTU Delft: prof. Dr. M. Van Dorst
RESEARCHER PROFILE
TOPIC
MOTIVATIONAMBITION & ILLUSTRATIVE PRELIMINARY RESULTS
PUBLICATIONS
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Content
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Researcher profile
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Topic
‘Group housing projects are projectssimultaneously designed andconstructed, composed of multipleprivate dwelling units in a strongcoherent whole, in a conceptual,architectural, urban, social,organizational way.’ WIM, 2009> Increasing sector in Flanders(VRIND, 2011), Belgium (Ruimte &Wonen, 2011)> Still minority in built environment
(Eurostat and Ruimte& Wonen)
‘Sustainable development isdevelopment that meets the needs ofthe present without compromising theability of future generations to meettheir own needs.’ WCED, 1987
‘Sustainable building or the GreenBuilding practice expands andcomplements the classical buildingdesign concerns of economy, utility,durability, and comfort.’ USEPA, 2009> Huge impact of built environment
Sense of urgency
‘Built environment is the human-madespace in which people live, work, andrecreate on a day-to-day basis.’ROOF & OLERU, 2008
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Motivation
Accumulation of problems
Sustainable Housing
No broad support base! Lack of / low spatial and
living quality (WIM, 2011)
Negative impact for the here and now, and the later and elsewere (hypothesis)
Sustainable Building
No broad support base! Lack of an integral,
objective and operationalframework
! Ad hoc, inefficient & ineffective design process
! Misuse of existing tools
Lack of suitable early design support tools (hypothesis)
Sustainable Group Housing Projects
Insignificant share building sector / not meanstreamNo integral approach in socalled ‘best practices’ (hypothesis)
Slow market regulation• Rigid sector > crucial role for academic research
(Bijdendijk, 2006)Societal relevance
theory∧∧∧∧
GAB ∨∨∨∨
practice
promising combination
Reference document?
Reference document?
Tailored criteria?
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Ambition - objectives
Actual objective > GAB NARROWING: THEORY - PRACTICE! Setting up a methodological and substantive framework for early design support in
view of successes in sustainable group housing projects
• Sub objective A: Building a generic methodological framework for a sustainability tool tailored for architect-designers
• Sub objective B: Determining a group housing specific substantive content of developed framework
Underlying objective > MAINSTREAMING SUSTAINABLE GROUP HOUSING• Development of an integral framework for sustainable group housing projects• Creating a starting point for a future operational tool, an interface between theory
and practice• Verifying stated hypotheses (tailored criteria for and final developed framework as
reference)
• Broadening the support base for sustainable group housing projects, group housing and sustainable building in general
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Ambition – questions and approach
Part A• What generic methodological
framework for a sustainability tool could be suitable for an architect-designer?
o Features of object, aim, actor and process?o Criteria for such a tool?o Issues of existing kinds of toolso What could be a promising concept?o Which ‘state of the art’ recommendations
should be kept in mind for the development?
Part B• What is the group housing specific
substantive content (body of knowledge) for developedmethodological framework?
Depending on the outcomes of part A
Main Questions Sub questions
ApproachInterrelation practicing architect - academician
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Ambition – methodology – strategic approach
Scie
nce
–lit
erat
ure
-
know
ledg
e
Expe
rienc
e –-
tang
ible
day
–to
–da
y re
ality
Generic methodological framework
Specific substantive body of knowledge
‘There is a great wealth of knowledge carried in the objects of our material culture. If you want to know how an object should be designed – e.g. what shapes and sizes it should have, what material it should be made from – go and look at existing examples of that kind of object, and simply (i.e. learn!) from the past.’
(Cross, 2006)
‘knowledge that resides in objects’ (Cross, 2006) (Douglas & Isherwood, 1979)
‘invention comes before theory’ \ “the world of ‘doing and making’ is usually ahead of the world of understanding – technology leads to science, not vica versa as is often believed.”(Pye, 1978)
‘metaphoric appreciation’ (Cross, 2006)
this is the work for a scientist, preferably with a background of a designer
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Ambition – methodology – part A
‘Within the field of design research, design praxiology studies the
practices and processes of design.’Cross, 1999
aimprocess
actorobject
DE
LIM
ITE
D L
ITE
RA
TUR
E S
TUD
YA
NA
LYS
IS–
SYN
THE
SIS
–R
EA
SO
NIN
G
EV
ALU
ATI
VE
LE
AP
Criteria
Issues of existingkinds of tools
Delimination of a concept
Proposition foraimed genericmethodological
framework
Set of startingpoints
VE
RIF
ICA
TIO
NP
RA
CTI
TIO
NE
RS
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Ambition – methodology – part A – preliminary results
implicit elements (IE)
explicit elements (EE)
(EE-1) BackgroundingTheory, practice, and interfacing aspects of object and aim• identification & definition• components & variables• state of the art• relationship & balance
(EE-2) Ideological conceptsPre-design considerations for problem framing and post-design referencing• overall guiding principles• quantitative rules of thumb• qualitative guiding principles
… as design recommendations
(EE-4) Compact conceptsDesign inspiration: integrated spatial nested solution generators• thematic nested measures• morphologic object component
nested measures• (Illustrative morphologic object
model based measures packages)
(EE-3) Diffuse conceptsDesign inspiration: single / multiple oriented solution generators• specification sheets of measures• schemata of cohesive
measures for guiding principles• cross guiding principle schemata
of cohesive measures
Scie
nce
–lit
erat
ure
-
know
ledg
e
Expe
rienc
e –-
tang
ible
day
–to
–da
y re
ality
(IE-1) Best real-life practice backed(IE-2) Cross structure referencing(IE-3) Suitable representation techniques(IE-4) Database of knowledge(IE-5) Building of episodic knowledge
(IE-6) Transcending the specific(IE-7) No value judgement(IE-8) Non exhaustive display(IE-9) Combinability’s(IE-10) Satisfying and optimizing
theory – practice / problem – solution gradation< GAB NARROWING >
(SE) Pre operational tool
\
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Ambition – methodology – part B
CASESTUDY RESEARCHLITERATURE RESEARCH BY DESIGN
EE-1
EE-2EE-3EE-4
SE
Body of theory
• Group housing• Sustainable
development• Sustainable
building
Synoptic table
• Sustainabilitymeasures
• Group housingfeatures
Development
• Plausibleconcepts
EE-2EE-3EE-4
verification - optimizationexplorative – descriptive - analytic – synthetical
case
case
outside the coreof the research
Impl
emen
tatio
n
Des
ign
Eva
luat
ion
Dev
elop
men
t
fragmented: thematic - component level integral: project level
Ana
lysi
s
evaluative leap
EE-1
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Ambition – methodology – part B – illustrative preliminary results
EE-2 Ideological conceptsqualitative guiding principles
EE-4 Compact conceptsspatial nested measures
EE-3 Diffuse conceptsmeasure > cohesive measures
Ghost layer, mesh, referencingdocument
Schemata, combining abilities
IDI - Opportunities forpersonalisation
SIA - Privacy regulationSCO- Public/collective/private
gradationATT- Possibilities for
recreation…
ENE - Bioclimatic designWAT - Handling of rainwaterMAT - Protection of materials
by designECO - Green & blue network…
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Ambition – limitations & outlook
Limitations• Selected literature• Focus on tangible sustainable pillars (P/P) with physical-spatial impacts on the project• Casestudyresearch on selected projects
o amount (+/- 50) o demonstration and best practice projects (self-claimed, objective?)
• Approach of an architect-researcher
Outlook• Verification generic methodological framework (part A) by working field of architect-
designers (2014)• Research by design for verification and optimization (students ‘14 – ’15)• Verification framework by working field of architect-designers• Development of the framework into a practical tool
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Publications – fundamental research, inputs part A
THE ANATOMY OF INVESTING IN ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS, Energy and Buildings, 2011
AVOIDING IRREVOCABLE INVESTMENTS IN BUILDINGS‘ ENERGY PERFORMANCE LEVELS, ISUP conference 2012, Belgium / Energy Forum 2012, Italy
FEASIBILITY OF UPGRADING THE ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF RECENT MASSIVE BRICK HOUSES, Frontiers of Architectural Research, 2014
ARCHITECTURAL AND FINANCIAL EVALUATION OF UPGRADING THE ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF RECENT MASSIVE BRICK HOUSES, PassiveHouse Symposium 2011, Belgium
EVALUATING IRREVOCABLE EE HOUSING INVESTMENTS UNDER UNCERTAINTY: A CASE STUDY, PassiveHouse Symposium 2011, Belgium
ECOLOGICAL BUILDING DESIGN MEASURES AS A POWERFUL LEVERAGE FOR SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY AND VICE VERSA: A ‘REAL-LIFE‘ PERSPECTIVE FROM GROUPED HOUSING PROJECTS, PLEA 2012, Peru
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SGHP – Setting Up a Methodological and Substantive Framework for Early Design Support
Publications – outputs
SUSTAINABILITY TOOLS FOR ARCHITECT-DESIGNERS: CRITERIA, ISSUES AND OUTLOOK, Architectural Design Conference, 2014, Turkey > Output part A
ECOLOGICAL BUILDING DESIGN MEASURES AS A POWERFUL LEVERAGE FOR SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY AND VICE VERSA: A ‘REAL-LIFE‘ PERSPECTIVE FROM GROUPED HOUSING PROJECTS, PLEA 2012, Peru
> Output part B
REVIEWING THE FIRST EUROPEAN RESIDENTIAL PROJECT RECEIVING THE ‘OUTSTANDING‘ BREEAM CERTIFICATE, PLEA 2013, Germany > Output part B
ASSESSMENT AND RATING TOOLS: A GUARANTEE FOR SUSTAINABLE SUCCESSES? Architecture and Sustainability Book Project, 2014 > Output part B
GROUP HOUSING PROJECTS AS A POWERFUL LEVERAGE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, PassiveHouse Symposium 2009, Belgium
SUSTAINABLE GROUP HOUSING PROJECTS: INTRODUCTION, INSIGHTS AND VERIFICATION WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF SURINAM, Anton De Kom University ofSurinam, 2014, Surinam
> Output part B
> Output part B
TRANSITIONAL SPACES: RECONCILING CONFLICTS IN DENSE SUSTAINABLE HOUSING PROJECTS, The European Conference on Sustainability, Energy & the Environment 3 – 6 July 2014, Brighton, United Kingdom
> Output part B
BART JANSSENS, M.ARCH. – BREEAM AParchitect - doctoral researcher – lecturerFaculty of Design Sciences - Architecture