SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & AGRICULTUREAGRICULTURE

INTEGRATED RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT INTEGRATED RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT (IRBM) (IRBM)

3rd ROUND TABLE MEET On

Climate change, Agriculture, Sustainable development and public leadership

atSathyabama University Campus

Chennai

4th and 5th February, 2011

Vivekananda Research and Training Institute Vivekananda Research and Training Institute Mandvi – Mandvi – KachchhKachchh

Excel Group – Corporate Philosophy

Self-sufficiency for Country

Innovation

Excel Group Corporate

Philosophy

Responsible Behaviour

Care for All Stakeholders

Healthy Corporate Management Practices &

Systems

Faith in People, Capacity Building

Ethical Conduct

Not Philanthropy alone, active

participation in CSR

Choice of Businesses & New InitiativesGuiding Principles

Guiding Principles

National & Global Outlook

Relevance to Social needs and

problems

Various Segments served eg. Agri & food, water, energy,

waste management

Basic needs of Humans &

Environment

Programmes & Services

Water Harvesting

and Irrigation

Agriculture development & Allied Activities

Animal Husbandry and Dairy

Environment, Plantation &

New Plant Varieties

Drought Proofing

Programme

Renewable Energy &Energy

Conservation

Rural Employment Training-cum-Production

Programme

Education and Vocational Training

Women empowerment

Extension Services

Disaster Mitigation & Rehabilitation

Activity

Socio-Economic Development in Tribal

Areas

Quality Healthcare ServicesExcel’s

NGOs

Input & Market linkages – Agrocel, KCSProcessing & value addition – Agrocel-TranschemFarm Tool & Equipment Bank – Transpek, SFT, VRTIFood Grain preservation and Storage – ECCLInformation Guidance – Kisan MitraWater Management – VRTI, AgrocelHealth & Nutrition Management – SFT, Sahajanand HospitalEducation & Training – VRTI (as a nodal agencyWeather related information – ICCSIR, VRTIArea Planning – VRTI, ACTDisasters Management – Abhiyan, VRTIPasture Development and Fodder Management - VRTI

Services

Take care of the earth and she will take care of you

“Men are born from you and function on you. You support the men and the animals

The trees and plants firmly stand on you. The sea, the rivers and other water reservoir are found on you. The forest animals roam on you.

The birds of various kinds fly over you. The hills and mountain

with rich forest stands on you. The rice and barley grow on you. The rich deposits of gold and other minerals are found on you. The autumn winter and rainy season enrich you. The breezes moves on you spreading the fragrant flower dust and gently moving the trees.

O prithivi, you are my mother and I am your son.”

- Prithvi Sukta of Atharva Veda

Mission For The Current Decade

To Contribute in reduction of CO2 levels in the atmosphere from 380

ppm to 280 ppmthrough

Photosynthesis for the betterment of all living beings

& survival of our mother earth.

Save the EarthBy

PromotingPhotosynthesis

Save the Earth, There is no Planet B

Changes in rain fall pattern causing flood, draught and increased risk in farmingPoor & small farmers are becoming more vulnerableSoil fertility is reducingGround water levels are reducing dangerously Sea levels are risingInflation due to rise in food pricesSerious health issuesDevelopment has become economy centered on GDP base, resulting in non-inclusive growthSocial & ecological values are not considered in development

Burning Issues of Current Decade

Biomass productions – crops, grasses and treesAppropriate land and water management by millions of farmers especially small and marginal farmers

Even Urban agriculture

Solutions Can Come From

An integrated approach to planning using the whole River Basin as a basis for holistic & sustainable planning, can provide a good solution to ensure Economic, Social and Environmental sustainability.

River Basin

If the River basin is seen from the perspective of an Agro-Industrial Complex with responsible use of natural assets & resources, for providing renewable resources as Raw Materials, to which value addition is done by appropriate processes & technologies, it can lead to the objectives narrated above

Agro Industrial Complex

Aim: To create an integrated and sustainable

development model on Rukmavati river basinObjectives:• To understand potential of various natural resources like water,

land, vegetation etc. within the basin and educate the stakeholders about the situation

• To understand issues and challenges of the river basin management

• To understand existing socio-economic status from its problems and perspective point of view

• To institutionalize decentralized and people centered resource management mechanism

• To generate economic well being along with human well being and environmental well being

• To mange micro climate in the basin area

A Case StudyA Case Study

Rukmavati River Basin, Kutchh District, GujaratRukmavati River Basin, Kutchh District, GujaratAims and ObjectivesAims and Objectives

04/24/23 14

RUMAVATI RIVER BASINRUMAVATI RIVER BASIN

April 24, 20231515

Dahinsara

Kurbai

Don

Maska

Bheraiya

Asambiya Mota

Samatra

Punadi

Koday

Bhadai Moti

Mandvi

DrainageRiver BedWaterbody

Rukamavati Wshed

Stdudy Villages

4 0 4 8 Kilometers

N

No of Villages : 46

Total population : 108033

Total area : 59075 Ha.

Total Agri. Area : 33477 Ha. (Irri.Area : 10268 Ha).

Culti. waste land : 5649 Ha

Forest area : 4282 Ha.

Other Land : 15671 Ha.

BASIN AREA PROFILEBASIN AREA PROFILE

April 24, 2023 1616

• In the upper part of the basin, sand stone aquifer was very good source of water and similarly in the lower side sandy aquifer, in the past decades (Map)

• Farmers were traditionally irrigating their fields though flood irrigation and wasted ground water blindly

• By the time, to meet the irrigation demand, ground water extraction is increased rapidly with development of technologies like drilling of tube wells, Submersible pups etc..

• During the same period rain fall in the area was very low (Ave.350mm/ year)

• Consequently, water level gone down dangerously and at present in the lower part, level is far bellow the mean sea level which cause salinity ingress in costal aquifer (Hydrograph)

• In spite of that still only 31 % of total agri. land is having irrigation facilities while 69% is remain as rain fed or non irrigated

• Due to salinity ingress agricultural and horticultural crops are badly affected viz. Salinization of soil etc, decreased productivity

Historical background and factors leading to the current situation

Mota

Nagalpar

Nani

Rayan Moti

Mamaymora

Ludva

Vadasar

Asambiya Nana

Goniyasar

Rampar

Bheraiya

Durgapar

Jamthada

VinganiyaNabhoi

Darashadi

Jakhaniya

Kojachora

Samatra

Sarli

DhokdaAsambiya Mota

Bhadai Moti

Ajapar

Kurbai

Dahinsara

Dhunai

Vandhay

Vekra

Punadi

Vandh

Don

Koday

Mandvi

Geology

Bhuj FormationDeccan Trap

Jhuran FormationJumara Formation

Kankavati SeriesMadh Series

Recent

Study VillagesWatershed

6 0 6 12 Kilometers

N

April 24, 2023 19

Approach and Methodology

There are three phases of the entire project

Planning phaseImplementation phaseManagement phase

April 24, 2023 20

Selection of local youth as para engineers Intensive Training of selected para engineers. Mapping of basin area. . (Base map-land use map, Water Resource

Map, Geomorphology, Geo hydrology , Water level & Water quality map etc..)

Detail Basin Survey - ( Agriculture - Surface water - Animal husbandry - Rain fed farming-Irrigated farming (Through wells, Ponds, Dams, Canals etc.)- Well inventory- Food and fodder)

Formation of different types of groups Linkages & integration with various resources & & creating services Data Analysis: Analysis of data for strategic planning. Village wise Action plan with villagers through PRA (Participatory

Rural appraisal) Water harvesting structures - 25 structures completed and 13 in

progr.

PLANNING PHASE

PRA PHOTOGRAPHSPRA PHOTOGRAPHS

Over flowing check dam- Over flowing check dam- NagalparNagalpar

Impacts of rain water harvesting

Water level rise:Water level (m) Minimum Maximum

Pre monsoon 06 170

Post monsoon 03 165

Water level rise in basin area due to ground water recharging : 1.0 to 8.0 meters

Average rise : 4.0 m

Improvement in water quality

TDS (ppm) Minimum MaximumPre monsoon 882 9080

Post monsoon 326 4180

pH Minimum MaximumPre monsoon 7.14 9.14

Post monsoon 7.06 8.81

Water samples collected from monitoring wells show the following result

TDS (ppm) value reduced due to ground recharge from 190 ppm to 6815 ppm

pH value reduced due to ground recharge from 0.11 to 1.21

April 24, 2023 26

IMPLEMENTATION PHASE

For proper implementation, basin is divided into five clusters based on hydro- geological characteristics and problems of the area

We will adapt suitable strategy to overcome the problems for each cluster

Activates as per strategy will be carried out through linkages with Govt. departments and other funding agencies

Groups formed during planning phase will be involved in each stage of implementation

CLUSTER -1

CLUSTER -2

CLUSTER -3

CLUSTER -4

CLUSTER -5

GEOLOGY PROBLEMS BROAD STRATEGY

ACTIVITIES

Juran & Jumara formations - Sand stone - Shale - clay

-Negligible Ground water- Low permeability - Excessive over land flow, head ward erosion

Surface water storage and recharging of isolated sst. Patches for dinking water

1. Soil Water conservationWells and tanks for drinking water , Silt trap, Gabion, ST.2. AgricultureRain fed area treatment, F.B & W.W, F.P, soil moisture conservation, grass land Dev. in forest area through JFM

CLUSTER - ICLUSTER - I

VILLAGES

Vandhay, Kurbai, Ajapar,Vadasar, Viganiya, Sarli, Samatra, Deaslpar, Nabhoi, Bidada Padar and Forest area

GEOLOGY PROBLEMS BROAD STRATEGY

ACTIVITIES

Bhuj formations - Sand stone

- Deep Ground water- Over exploitation of water- High Fe Impurity in water

Ground water recharge ,Judicious use of ground water, Participatory aquifer management( Shared aquifer, Demo of participatory ground water management)

1. Soil Water conservation Recharge structures like CD, PT, etc.2. Agriculture Promotion to micro irrigation and other water saving techniques.Promotion to Horticultural crops

CLUSTER - IICLUSTER - II

VILLAGES

Bheraiya, Ludva, Jamathda, Vekra, Rampara, Dahinsra and Dhunai

GEOLOGY PROBLEMS BROAD STRATEGY

ACTIVITIES

Deccan Trap, Madh series - weathered basalt - Laterite - Bentonite - Bauxite - clay

- Inadequate water availability- Inadequate irrigation facilities-Land degradation due to mining

Shallow aquifer recharge through micro watershed development (ridge to valley concept) , ground water management, land reclamation

1. Soil Water conservation CCT, ST, Gully plug, Gabion, CD, PT, Vegetative measures2. AgricultureRain fed area treatment, F.B & W.W, F.P, soil moisture conservation, grass land Dev. in forest area

CLUSTER - IIICLUSTER - III

VILLAGES

Darsadi, Momay Mora, VandhKojachora, Punadi

GEOLOGY PROBLEMS BROAD STRATEGY

ACTIVITIES

Kankavati& Madh series - Sand stone - Laterite - clay

- Deep Ground water- Over exploitation- Quality degradation-Prone to seawater ingression

Surface recharge, Injection recharge, sub surface recharge and water management, Roof top rain water harvesting.

1. Soil Water conservationCD, Injection well, subsurface structures, well recharge, Percolation tanks etc.2. Agriculture Micro irrigation, Water management through PIM , Promo. to HorticultureAgri .practices

CLUSTER - IVCLUSTER - IV

VILLAGES

Bhadai Moti, Dhokada, Don,Goniyasar nana, Goniyasar Mota,Asambiya Mota, Asambiya Nana,Koday/Madanpura, Jakhaniya, Talvana

GEOLOGY PROBLEMS BROAD STRATEGY

ACTIVITIES

Recent - Alluvium - Sand

-Salinity ingress-Over explo. Of Ground water

Salinity prevention activities, RRWH for drinking water, experiment of shallow zone recharge

1. Soil Water conservationCD, PT, Existing well/Bore well rechargeRRWHS etc2. AgricultureSoil reclamation , revival of Salt affected , Promo. to micro irrigation and Horticulture

CLUSTER - VCLUSTER - V

VILLAGES

Durgapar, Vada, Bharapar, MandviRayan nani, Rayan Moti, Nagalpar,Maska

Common activitiesCommon activities• Awareness generation• Capacity building of stakeholders through

training, workshop, seminar and exposure visits

• SHG group formation and micro enterprises• Prosumer societies• Joint forest management activities wherever

forest area is existed• CBO formation• Agro- industrial complex

MANAGEMENT PHASEMANAGEMENT PHASE• As per our experience involvement of community from

planning to operation and management of common asset is essential

• We are in process of development of Self sustainable river management institution that have two units such as decision making unit and service providing unit.

• Para engineer will be in basin level institute• After completion of the project, we will act as a

facilitator and provide guidance to basin level institute

Positive impact on climate change

Natural resource management• Soil moisture conservation• Soil reclamation• Water harvesting and it’s management

Restored fresh water eco-systemIncreased soil fertilityIncreased crop productivity

Agri./Horticulture development and greenery in the basin

More photosynthesis

CO2

Fixation

Capacity of framers though trainings for..• Balance cropping and biomass planning• Mixed farming with animal husbandry, Dairy, Fishery poultry etc.

Solid and liquid waste management• Composting, recycling etc.

Reduction in METHANEgeneration

April 24, 2023 36

The main expectation from this project is to demonstrate successful

model of river basin management that can be replicated

Each cluster of the basin will be self reliant on their drinking water, food ,fodder and fuel requirement

Improvement of water quality as per drinking and irrigation norms

Green cover on the land will be restored

Finally contribute to improve GDP of the basin area, improve happiness index & Human Development Index of this basin area.

River Basin v/s WatershedRiver Basin v/s WatershedDetails Watershed

Management River basin Management

Project Area 1000 to 5000 hectares 60000 hectares

Time Period 4 – 7 years 10 years

People’s participation Planning approval at District level

Planning approval trough grass root democracy

Concept of food & fodder balance

Not integrated Integrated for self sustain basin approach

Cluster relations Only for single watershed

Study of relative link with different watersheds of a river basin

April 24, 2023 38

THANKSTHANKS