sustainability green remediation day 2011 with resources

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Sustainability & Green RemediationSustainability & Green Remediation

Christie Sunderrajan, P.E., CHMM

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Definitions Definitions • Green Remediation

- The practice of considering all environmental effects of remedy implementation and incorporating options to minimize the environmental footprints of cleanup actions.

• Sustainable development- development that meets the needs of

the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

• WCED "Our Common Future" (The Brundtland Report, 1987)

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Superfund Green Remediation StrategySuperfund Green Remediation Strategy

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Policy / Guidance DevelopmentPolicy / Guidance Development

• Integrating GR within current program• Policy – Consistent GR approach –

Superfund Program (UD)• Evaluate ARARs – Potential existing State

/ Fed regulations / Policies (UD)

Key Action #1: Clarify the role of green remediation in remedy selection and implementation

(UD) – Under Development(TBI) – To Be Initiated

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Resource Development / Program ImplementationResource Development / Program Implementation

• GR Resource Needs (UD)• GR Information Resources (UD)• Tools and Fact Sheets (UD)• GR Q&A’s (UD)• GR Checklists (UD)• GR Training (Implemented)• Site Specific Assistance (Implemented)

Key Action #2: Develop Protocols / Tools – Project / Program Mgrs Integrate GR practices

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• Goal 100% Renewable Energy use (UD)• Methods for increasing energy efficiency (UD)• Costs or Savings –GR strategies/practices (UD)• Fact sheet for Green Power (UD)• Increase use of renewable energy – remote locations

(UD)• Financing GR RD&D and Initial Deployment (UD)• National Standards/Certification Process (UD)

Key Action #3: Identify Options Enabling Use of GR Practices


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• Fact Sheet – Clean Fuel and Emission Technologies (Implemented)

• Contract Language – Clean Fuel and Emission Technologies (UD)

• Recovering and using methane gas from landfills on Superfund sites (UD)

Key Action #4: Address Air Pollutants & Diesel Emissions

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Diesel Retrofit TechnologiesEmission Reduction and ControlDiesel Retrofit TechnologiesEmission Reduction and Control

PM HC CO NOx Cost Range

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)*

20-40% 40-75% <60% - $1,000 -$2,000

Diesel Particulate Matter Filter (DPF)*

95% 90% 90% - $8,000

Partial Diesel Particulate Filter (pDPF)

50% 75% 75% - $4,000 -$8,000

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)

- - - 65% $12,000 $20,000

* DOC & DPF combined provides higher performance and cost

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Typical test filter – no DPF

Test filter – with DPF

Unused test filter

Diesel Particulate Filter Emissions ReductionsDiesel Particulate Filter Emissions Reductions

Dozer with diesel particulate filter

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• Database of Innovative GR Pilot Projects (UD)• Template – GR Analysis Template (UD)• GR Factors into Remedy Optimization

Evaluations (Implemented)• RE-Powering Potential Support (UD)

Key Action #5: Develop Pilot Projects to Evaluate / Demonstrate GR Applications

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Profiles of Green RemediationProfiles of Green Remediation

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Green Remediation Profile: Ferdula Landfill, Frankfort NYGreen Remediation Profile: Ferdula Landfill, Frankfort NY

• Soil vapor extraction relying on wind power to draw vacuum from landfill vents

• Exclusively off-grid operations providing a pulsed effect for carbon removal of VOCs

• VOC concentrations in soil gas reduced over 90% in five years of operation

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• Contract Language –GR Practices per remedy selection (UD)

• Contract Language – Require reporting of selected activities (UD)

• GR Contracting Tool Kit (Implemented)• Terms & Conditions – Assistance

Agreements (UD)• Use of existing fed agreements and

establish new agreements (UD)• Local expertise in green cleanups -

develop and retain local workers (UD)

Key Action #6: Establish Opportunities in Contracts / Assistance Agreements – GR Practices

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• Communication Plan – Consistent GR messages (UD)• Outreach to Contractors / Industry (UD)• Partner – Promote National Use of GR Strategies

(Implemented)• Engage local communities – assessing / implementing

options (TBI)

Key Action #7: Communicate and share success stories and lessons learned

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NY Success StoriesNY Success Stories

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Other Areas – Lessons LearnedOther Areas – Lessons LearnedSolar panels at Pemaco site, CA

Examples from electrical bill:~$.46/kWh generating 6,172 kWh for year

saved approximately $2,839 for year or $236.44 per month in energy charges.Average usage of electricity inside the treatment

plant is equal to 126,741 kWh/month

Check State Sponsored Rebate PlansSecurity Issues

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Nebraska Pilot ProjectNebraska Ordnance Plant SiteNebraska Pilot ProjectNebraska Ordnance Plant Site

• Why Nebraska?- Favorable wind conditions – 6.5 meters/sec mean

intensity. - Favorable Geology - highly transmissive Pleistocene

sand and gravel deposits. • Purpose

- Quantify the reduction of power requirements by comparison with historic power use data.

- Calculate the mass of VOCs removed during the demonstration period.

- Identify system enhancements and recommend new follow-on studies.

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Nebraska Project:Nebraska Project:

• Ground Water circulation wells – air stripping and UV treatment

- Meets 26% of 767 kWh/month needs using 10-kW wind turbine

• Electrical savings $40,000 over 15 years- Tied-in to the grid

• Managing the system to recover total capital costs

- Using as education opportunity Missouri U of Sci & Tech students

- Improved freeze-proofing may cut costs by 50%

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Superfund Green Remediation StrategySuperfund Green Remediation Strategy

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Program EvaluationProgram Evaluation

• Evaluate Sustainability - Compile / Analyze Existing Tools / Metrics (Implemented)

• Agency Methodology - site-specific evaluation measures / metrics (UD)

• Evaluation Modules – GR Strategies (UD)

Key Action #8: Establish a Roadmap – Environmental Footprint – Project Level

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Screening CriteriaContaminated Lands MappingScreening CriteriaContaminated Lands Mapping

Clean and Renewable Energy Sources

• Biomass:- Residues from crops, forests

and mills; methane; urban wood waste and dedicated energy crops

- Dry-Mill Corn Ethanol

• Wind: - Non-Grid, Community, and

Utility

• Solar: - Non-Grid, Community and

Utility- Community and Utility

Preliminary Screening Criteria

• Availability & quality of solar, wind, biomass

• Acreage• Distance to electric

transmission lines• Distance to graded roads• Slope and aspect of property

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Energy Use Energy Use

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Program EvaluationProgram Evaluation

• Program Baseline estimate (UD)• Evaluate EPA’s GR Strategy – performance goals,

objectives and measures (UD)• Address Gaps in measures or metrics (UD)• Develop Tools and guidance (UD)

- Effects of environmental footprints of remediation- Option comparison methods

Key Action #9: Evaluate Footprints of Superfund Cleanups

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Sustainability in Site CleanupsSustainability in Site Cleanups

• GR “…involves more than merely adopting a specific technology or technique.” Source:

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EPA Region 2 –Touchstone PracticesEPA Region 2 –Touchstone Practices

• Use of 100% of electricity from renewable sources

• Maximize the amount of materials reduced, reused or recycled

- “Green Concrete” - Concrete made with Coal Combustion Products (CCP)

- C&D materials- Organic materials generated on site

• Methane capture at landfill sites• Clean diesel fuels and technologies

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NYSDEC DER-31NYSDEC DER-31

• Consider the major GR concepts• Implement easy GR techniques

- Renewable energy- Vehicle idling- Design cover systems- Beneficial reuse of materials (BUD process)- Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD)

• Qualitative & Quantitative Assessments of alternatives

• Documentation of Efforts

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WITH, not against…WITH, not against…• Not a substitute • Evaluate with remedy selection criteria *

- Overall protection of human health and the environment.

- Compliance with ARARs, standards, criteria and guidance

- Long-term effectiveness and permanence.

- Reduction of toxicity, mobility, or volume through treatment.

- Short-term effectiveness. - Implementability. - Cost effectiveness- Community acceptance. - Land Use

* 40 CFR 300.430 and 6 NYCRR 375-1.8(f)

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Source:

Some Examples of Greener ApproachesSome Examples of Greener Approaches

Cleanup, Remediation, and

Waste Management

Deconstruction, Demolition, and

Removal

Design and Construction for

Reuse

Sustainable Use and Long Term

Stewardship

• Reuse/recycle deconstruction and demolition materials

• Reuse materials on site whenever possible

• Consider future site use and reuse existing infrastructure

• Preserve/Reuse Historic Buildings

• Use clean diesel and low sulfur fuels in equipment and noise controls for power generation

• Retain native vegetation and soils, wherever possible

• Protect water resources from runoff and contamination

• Power machinery and equipment using clean fuels

• Use renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and methane to power remediation activities

• Improve energy efficiency of chosen remediation strategies

• Select remediation approaches, such as phytoremediation, that reduce resource use and impact on air, water, adjacent lands, and public health

• Employ remediation practices that can restore soil health and ecosystems and, in some cases, sequester carbon through soil amendments and vegetation

• Use Energy Star, LEED, and GreenScapes principles in both new and existing buildings

• Reduce environmental impact by reusing existing structures and recycling industrial materials

• Incorporate natural systems to manage stormwater, like green roofs, landscaped swales, and wetlands

• Incorporate Smart Growth principles that promote more balanced land uses, walkable neighborhoods, and open space

• Create ecological enhancements to promote biodiversity and provide wildlife habitat and recreation

• Reduce use of toxic materials in manufacturing, maintenance, and use of buildings and land

• Minimize waste generation, manage waste properly, and recycle materials used/generated

• Maintain engineering and institutional controls on site where waste is left in place

• Reduce water use by incorporating water efficient systems and use native vegetation to limit irrigation

• Maximize energy efficiency and increase use of renewable energy

• Take appropriate steps to prevent (recontamination)

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Some Greener ApproachesSome Greener Approaches

• Anaerobic Bioaugmentation• Alternative Absorbent Media• Phyto-Remediation

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Anaerobic BioaugmentationAnaerobic Bioaugmentation

• DAY Site with TCE / PCE in Groundwater• Degradation of chloroethenes by anaerobic bacteria

http://www.apec-vc.or.jp/

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Alternative Absorbent MediaAlternative Absorbent Media

• Terrenew (affiliation with Cornell University)- MetalMaster – binds and retains heavy metal

ions • DAY Sites:

- Remediation: Chromium Contamination in Groundwater – Pump & Treat System

- Industry: Wastewater treatment

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Phyto-RemediationPhyto-Remediation

• DAY Site: Hybrid Poplars planted with amended soil around plating facility

• Within 6-months, observed decreasing trend of VOCS

• Continuing Evaluation…- Root growth of trees

expect to maintain the reduction

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Resources

Green Remediation Resources

www.dayenvironmental.com January 2011

EPA

• EPA's Superfund and Green Remediation (http://www.epa.gov/superfund/greenremediation)

• EPA’s Clean-Up Information (CLU-IN) website: http://www.clu-in.org/greenremediation/

o EPA Regional Policies: http://www.clu-in.org/greenremediation/regions/index.cfm

o Evaluation Tools: web‐based calculators, software models, and supplemental materials for potential use in evaluating the environmental "footprint" http://www.clu-in.org/greenremediation/subtab_b3.cfm

o Profiles of GR: http://www.clu-in.org/greenremediation/tab_d.cfm

o Green Response Action Contracting and Administrative Toolkit. Latest update: http://www.clu-in.org/greenremediation/docs/Green_RR_Action_Contract_Admn_Toolkit_10-08-2010_update.pdf\

o RE-Powering America's Land (includes Google Earth Mapping): http://www.epa.gov/renewableenergyland/maps_incentives.htm

• EPA’s Technology Primer, Incorporating Sustainable Environmental Practices into Remediation of Contaminated Sites (USEPA, 2008c) (http://www.epa.gov/tio/download/remed/green-remediation-primer.pdf)

• EPA’s Principles for Greener Cleanups (USEPA, 2009b) (http://www.epa.gov/oswer/greencleanups/principles.html)

• Smart Energy Resource Guide (SERG) (http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/pubs/600r08049/600r08049.pdf)

EPA Region 2

• EPA Region 2 “Clean & Green” Policy and Touchstone Practices http://epa.gov/region2/superfund/green_remediation/

o Metrics used by Region 2: http://www.epa.gov/region02/superfund/green_remediation/metrics.html

NYSDEC

• NYSDEC Program Policy DER-31 / Green Remediation (http://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/remediation_hudson_pdf/der31.pdf)

• State incentives for Achieving Clean and Renewable Energy Development on Contaminated Lands: http://www.epa.gov/renewableenergyland/incentives.htm

sustainability green remediation day 2011 with resources

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