surface water (lakes, streams, ponds, wetlands, etc.)
Post on 21-Dec-2015
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Surface Water(Lakes, streams, ponds, wetlands, etc.)
Surface Water(Lakes, streams, ponds, wetlands, etc.)
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The total area from which a stream draws its water.
The boundaries of the drainage area are called drainage divides
The total area from which a stream draws its water.
The boundaries of the drainage area are called drainage divides
Drainage Basin(Watershed)
Drainage Basin(Watershed)
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Major North
American Drainage Basins & Divides
Major North
American Drainage Basins & Divides
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Discharge:17,500 m3/sec
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Colorado River Colorado River Drainage BasinDrainage Basin
Continental Continental DivideDivide
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Bottom Line:Bottom Line:
• Know your watershed - everything that is in the watershed can end up in the stream.
• The precipitation, evaporation, and % runoff of the basin will determine how much water is available.
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Groundwater
Groundwater
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GW Recharge Area(Infiltration)
GW Discharge
GW Flow
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Porosity = The percent void space in a rock or
sediment
Porosity = The percent void space in a rock or
sediment
Permeability = The ability of a material to transmit
a fluid
Permeability = The ability of a material to transmit
a fluid
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Unsaturated Zone:Unsaturated Zone:Pores include both air and water
Saturated Zone:Saturated Zone:Pores filled with
water
Groundwater Table
Groundwater
Recharge
Groundwater
Recharge
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AquiferAquifer
= A geologic unit capable of storing and transmitting water in sufficient quantities to
supply wells
Generally not an “underground cave”
= A geologic unit capable of storing and transmitting water in sufficient quantities to
supply wells
Generally not an “underground cave”
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Groundwater Flow & Discharge
Groundwater Flow & Discharge
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U.S. Groundwater Withdrawals: 1950-1995U.S. Groundwater Withdrawals: 1950-1995
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Groundwater ImpactsGroundwater Impacts
1. Groundwater depletion
2. Land subsidence
3. Saltwater intrusion
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Groundwater Use and SupplyGroundwater Use and Supply
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Groundwater ImpactsGroundwater Impacts
1. Groundwater depletion
2. Land subsidence
3. Saltwater intrusion
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Groundwater ImpactsGroundwater Impacts
1. Groundwater depletion
2. Land subsidence
3. Saltwater intrusion
Venice, Italy
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Groundwater ImpactsGroundwater Impacts
1. Groundwater depletion
2. Land subsidence
3. Saltwater intrusion
San Joaquin Valley, CA
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The Winter Park Sinkhole, FloridaThe Winter Park Sinkhole, Florida
(Photo by Leif (Photo by Leif Skoogfors)Skoogfors)
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Groundwater ImpactsGroundwater Impacts
1. Groundwater depletion
2. Land subsidence
3. Saltwater intrusion
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SolutionsSolutions
Find Moreor
Use Less
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SolutionsFinding More Water
SolutionsFinding More Water
1. Enhanced Recharge2. Other Sources
• Desalination• Icebergs
3. Dams
Recharge Pond, Long Island
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SolutionsFinding More Water
SolutionsFinding More Water
1. Enhanced Recharge2. Other Sources
• Desalination• Icebergs
3. Dams
Desalination Plant
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SolutionsFinding More Water
SolutionsFinding More Water
1. Enhanced Recharge2. Other Sources
• Desalination• Icebergs
3. Dams
Icebergs
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SolutionsFinding More Water
SolutionsFinding More Water
1. Enhanced Recharge2. Other Sources
• Desalination• Icebergs
3. Dams
Ross Dam, WA
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SolutionsUsing Less Water
SolutionsUsing Less Water
1. Use Less Water2. Improved Efficiency
• Agriculture• Home Use
3. Water Reclamation & Reuse
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SolutionsUsing Less Water
SolutionsUsing Less Water
1. Use Less Water2. Improved Efficiency
• Agriculture• Home Use
3. Water Reclamation & Reuse
Grow Local
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SolutionsUsing Less Water
SolutionsUsing Less Water
1. Use Less Water2. Improved Efficiency
• Agriculture• Home Use
3. Water Reclamation & Reuse
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Drip Irrigation
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SolutionsUsing Less Water
SolutionsUsing Less Water
1. Use Less Water2. Improved Efficiency
• Agriculture• Home Use
3. Water Reclamation & Reuse
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
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QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
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SolutionsUsing Less
Water
SolutionsUsing Less
Water
1. Use Less Water2. Improved Efficiency
• Agriculture• Home Use
3. Water Reclamation & Reuse QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Rooftop Harvesting - King Street Center, Seattle