Surf Zone/Beach Zone (SZ/BZ) Obstacle

Reduction

Surf Zone/Beach Zone (SZ/BZ) Obstacle

Reduction

Capt R.W. Paterson

The ThreatThe Threat384 m

20 m10 m

10 m

AL Mines (E, L)

AT mines (A, B, F, G, H)

4 strand fence

AP mine (K)

Tanglefoot

Hedgehog 1.25-m members

50 m

10 m

0.6 m

1.2 m1.3 m1.1 m0.9 m

3.0 m

30 m 30 m

Water Depth (m)Profile At Mean Tide. 6-8 ft Tidal Variations (+3-4 ft about mean tide)

10 m

30 m

1.6 m

10 m

Type 2 AL Mines (J, M)

0.3 Triple Strand Concertina Wirew/AP mines

Sea Urchins

20 m10 m

1.8

15 m

15 m

BackgroundBackground

• Currently no program of record to deal with SZ/BZ obstacles

• PGMs thought to hold some promise for a near term solution (tied to USAF support)

• Began working this problem in Germany• Invited to be part of the IPT for JDAM

Assault Breaching System (JABS)• Incorporating results from live fire tests

The Skeptics The Skeptics

• “This is a physics problem”

• “Agent based tools won’t work”

• “It’s just too hard”

PhysicsPhysics

• Mathematical representation of the behavior of the natural world– Newton’s Laws of Motion– Einstein’s Theory of Relativity

• We have physical results from live fire tests

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

Y L

ocation

180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 X Location

Bomb Hedgehog Tetrahedron

H1

H2

T4

T3

T2

T1

H3

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

Y L

ocation

180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 X Location

Bomb Hedgehog Tetrahedron

H1

H2

T4

T3

T2

T1

H3

Arena #1

Surf Zone TestsMk 82 Pond Test – Half Buried (March

2002)

20

30

40

50

60

Y L

ocation

120 130 140 150 160 170 180 X Location

Bomb Hedgehog Tetrahedron

H1H2

H3

T4

T3 T2

T1

20

30

40

50

60

Y L

ocation

120 130 140 150 160 170 180 X Location

Bomb Hedgehog Tetrahedron

H1H2

H3

T4

T3 T2

T1

Arena #2

Bomb Buried to ½L Water Depth of 3 Feet

-35

-25

-15

-5

5

15

25

35

45

Y L

ocation

140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 X Location

Bomb Hedgehog Tetrahedron Mine

H1

H2

H3

H4

T4

T3

T2T1

M1

M2M3

M4M5

-35

-25

-15

-5

5

15

25

35

45

Y L

ocation

140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 X Location

Bomb Hedgehog Tetrahedron Mine

H1

H2

H3

H4

T4

T3

T2T1

M1

M2M3

M4M5

• Note - M5 and M4 moved towards the bomb

Plume

Surf Zone TestsMk 84 Pond Test – April 2002

Mine Vulnerability to ExplosiveNeutralization VS 1.6 Anti-Tank Mine

1 10 100 1,000 10,000

Normalized Impulse

1

10

100

1,000

Norm

alized

Peak P

ressu

re

All Data Sources

KilledSurvived

26/27 NeutralizedI>200 and P>18

MK 80 Series BombsPredicted Lethal Radius (Feet) for Mines**

* Killed out to 21 feet in summer 2000 tests** Testing on-going

MineType

Bomb A

Bomb B

  Bomb C

  6’ 3’ 6’ 3’ 6’

A 20* 14 24 16 31

B 10 9 14 10 19

F 17* 12 21 14 28

G 17 12 21 14 28

H 17 12 21 14 28

Depth Depth Depth Depth Depth

The Physics Behind the ProblemThe Physics Behind the Problem

6 ft. ~ 5O’ MVMT30’ KILLED

More Mines Moved

More Mines Killed

KILL 2-3 M

~

Agent Based DistillationsAgent Based Distillations

• Digital Mathematics used to simulate the simplified behavior of our human and natural world

• Question: Can agents that represent physical objects (mines) and not people be given behaviors that simulate physics

Pythagoras ScenarioUsing Sample Data

Deep Water Shallow Very Shallow Shore

Obstacle Belts

Aim Points for 2000 lb JDAM

EFVs

Questions Questions

• Can well placed Mk 80 series bombs effectively create assault lanes?

• How precisely must landing craft navigate given varying assault lane widths?

• How does the knowledge of obstacle location affect clearance?

• How many sorties need to be flown, how many weapons need to be dropped?

New Questions from the WeekNew Questions from the Week

• What tactics need to be employed against varying threats?– Channeling – Belt strikes– Point strikes

• JDAM versus standard Mk-80• How do we create the output we

need?

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30

10 20 30 40 50

1

2

3

Drop Page Fields Here

Average of AAAV.FinalDead

Mine.location.proximity Aimpoint.location.proximity

Bomb.type

What is HappeningWhat is Happening

Total

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

Total

Drop Page Fields Here

Average of AAAV.Final.Dead

Aimpoints Mines.location.proximity

Drop More Series Fields Here

Biggest SurpriseBiggest Surprise

• Cost of Jack and Coke at Rocky Point

• $12• Dinner for 9 at Rocky Point• $453• Unexpected discovery that LESS

precision is better• Priceless