surah al-baqarah verse 177 chapter 2-177 part -3...2008/06/12 · surah al-baqarah –verse 177...

SURAH AL-BAQARAH – VERSE 177

CHAPTER 2-177

PART -3Quran Study Sessions

Session 5 – Salah, Zakath, Promises and Patience

Dec 08, 2019

❑ Objective

❑ To learn from each other the book of Allah (inspired by the Hadith: لمه خيركم من تعلم القرآن وعmeaning “Best among you are those who learn the Quran and teaches it”

❑ Mode

❑ Online (beyond geographical boundaries)

❑ Study circle

❑ Learn from various source: scholars, tafaseer (explanation of Quran) and share the learnings

❑ Interactive, not one way

❑ Some notes

❑ None of us claim to be scholars

❑ Any contentious issue, we will go back to scholars.

❑ Purpose of learning is to ponder over and implement in our own lives

About these Sessions

❑ Need for divine guidance

❑ Quran is words of GOD, revealed on the last Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم)

❑ Neither prose nor poetry but series of divine orations

❑ Divine orations at different times but beautifully organized

❑ What this book demands

❑ Believe in it

❑ Understand it

❑ Ponder over it

❑ Act upon

❑ Spread the message

Quick Recap on Introduction to Quran

❑ Oath by the Time to convey the importance of the message

❑ Address to Humanity

❑ Everybody is in Loss

❑ Exceptions:

❑ Believe

❑ Do good deeds

❑ Enjoin Truth

❑ Enjoin Patience

Quick Recap on Surah Al-Asr

Axis of Belief

Belief (α) Disbelief (α)

Good Deeds

Bad Deeds

Axis of Belief

Belief (α) Disbelief (α)

Good Deeds

Bad Deeds

• Conditions of Success

• Belief

Axis of Belief

Belief (α)

Disbelief (α)

Good Deeds

Bad Deeds


• Belief

• Good deeds

• Enjoin Truth

• Enjoin Patience

Axis of Belief

Belief (α)

Disbelief (α)

Good Deeds

Bad Deeds


• Belief

• Good deeds

• Enjoin Truth

• Enjoin Patience

• Loss

• Loss

• Loss

❑ Ayath ul birr

❑ Verse of Righteousness or Piety

❑ Surah Al-Baqarah verse 177 (2:177)

Definition of Righteousness

❑ Righteousness is not that you turn your faces toward the east or the west, but [true] righteousness is [in] one who believes in Allah, the Last Day, the angels, the Book, and the prophets and gives wealth, in spite of love for it, to relatives, orphans, the needy, the traveler, those who ask [for help], and for freeing slaves; [and who] establishes prayer and gives zakah; [those who] fulfill their promise when they promise; and [those who] are patient in poverty and hardship and during battle. Those are the ones who have been true, and it is those who are the righteous. [Sahih International]


❑ Not turning east or west

❑ Not just physical actions or rituals

❑ But there is a significant concept behind that

❑ Any and every concept of righteousness not acceptable

❑ Partial or different aspect not acceptable

Righteousness

❑ This verse explains:

❑ Spirit of Righteousness

External Manifestation

Internal Manifestation

❑ Sets the priorities

❑ Peak of Righteousness

Comprehensive concept of Righteousness

Best Explanation of Surah Al-Asr

Promotingfortitude

تواصى بالصبر

Promoting righteousnessتواصى بالحق

Gooddeeds

عمل صالح

Firm beliefايمان

Allah

Judgement Day

Angels

Books

Prophets

Social Welfare

Worships

Dealings

Fortitude in Poverty

Fortitude in Hardships

Fortitude in Wars

❑ Righteousness is not that you turn your faces toward the east or the west, but [true] righteousness is [in] one who believes in Allah, the Last Day, the angels, the Book, and the prophets and gives wealth, in spite of love for it, to relatives, orphans, the needy, the traveler, those who ask [for help], and for freeing slaves; [and who] establishes prayer and gives zakah; [those who] fulfill their promise when they promise; and [those who] are patient in poverty and hardship and during battle. Those are the ones who have been true, and it is those who are the righteous. [Sahih International]


Spirit of Righteousness

Internal

Manifestation

Purity of Faith

and Intention

Right

Motivation

External

Manifestation

Empathy

Worships

Dealings

Patience

Charity

• Relatives

• Orphans

• Needy

• Traveller

• Those who ask (help)

• Freeing Slaves


Internal

Manifestation

Purity of Faith

and Intention

Right

Motivation

External

Manifestation

Empathy

Worships

Dealings

Patience

Worships

• Salah (Obligatory five daily prayers)

• Zakath (Obligatory charity)

❑ Key external manifestation

❑These are five daily prayers (Fajr, Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha)

❑ Pre Dawn, Noon, Post Noon, After Sunset, and Night

❑ It is an obligation

❑ Emphasized as Establish prayers

❑ Direct communication with Allah

❑"The closest a person is to His Lord is when he is in prostration.“

Importance of Salah

❑ Helps keep clean both physically and spiritually

❑ Ablution is key to the prayers (Jabir ibn Abdullah reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “The key to Paradise is prayer, and the key to prayer is ablution.” Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi 4)

❑ Jabir ibn Abdullah reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “The parable of the five prayers is that of a river running at your door in which he cleanses himself five times a day.” Source: SahihMuslim 668

❑ Promotes Unity and removes Social ranks

❑ Keeps you Organized

Benefits of Salah

❑ Inner peace

❑ Keeps you away from Errors and Sins

❑Recite, [O Muhammad], what has been revealed to you of the Book and establish prayer. Indeed, prayer prohibits immorality and wrongdoing, and the remembrance of Allah is greater. And Allah knows that which you do. [29:45]

❑ Reminds the purpose of life

❑And I did not create the jinn and mankind except to worship Me. [51:56]

Benefits of Salah

❑ It’s a type of charity, but mandatory under certain conditions

❑Take, [O, Muhammad], from their wealth a charity by which you purify them and cause them increase, and

invoke [ Allah 's blessings] upon them. Indeed, your invocations are reassurance for them. And Allah is

Hearing and Knowing.

❑ Meaning of the word is purification as well as growth

❑ Its 2.5% of the savings

❑ It’s a bit complicated

❑Ali ibn Abi Talib reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “If you have two hundred

silver coins and a year has passed, five coins are due for alms. You will owe nothing until you own twenty

gold coins. If you own twenty gold coins and a year has passed, half of a coin is due for alms. Whatever is

extra should be calculated likewise.”) Source: Sunan Abi Dawud 1572

❑Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: No Sadaqa is payable

on the grains and dates till it (comes to the Weight) of five wasqs, or less than five heads of camels, or less

than five uqiyas (of silver). Muslim Book 5, Number 2139:

❑Always good to refer back to scholars for clarity

Zakat – The Obligatory Charity

❑ Who should pay Zakat

❑ Muslim, adult, sane

❑ Possess a certain minimum amount (nisab)

❑ Fully own them

❑ Have the possession for a complete lunar year

❑ Wealth should be able provide benefit (money, merchandise for business, gold, silver,

livestock, etc.)

❑ Free from debt


❑ Principle of Joinder of Acquisition (https://www.hidaya.org/publications/zakat-

information/)


https://www.hidaya.org/publications/zakat-information/

❑“The alms are only for the Fuqara’ (the poor), and Al-Masakin (the needy) and those employed to collect (the funds); and to attract the hearts of those who have been inclined (towards Islam); and to free the captives; and for those in debt; and for Allah’s Cause, and for the wayfarer (a traveler who is cut off from everything); a duty imposed by Allah. And Allah is All-Knower, All-Wise.” [Al-Quran 9:60]

❑ Fuqaraa: Those who own property in excess of basic necessities but below the value of Nisab.

❑ Masakeen: Persons of extreme poverty who possess no wealth whatsoever.

❑ Aamileen: (Zakat collector) Those persons who are appointed by an Islamic Head of State or Government to collect Zakat. It is not necessary that this be a needy person.

❑

Zakat Receivers

❑“Muallafatul Quloob: Those poor and needy persons who are given Zakat with the intentions of solidifying their hearts because they maybe recently converted to Islam or to bring them closer to Islam.

❑ Ar-Riqaab: slaves whose masters have agreed to set them free on a payment of a fixed amount. Zakat may be used to purchase their freedom.

❑ Ibnus-Sabeel: A traveler, who, whilst wealthy at his residence, is stranded and in need of financial assistance.

❑ Al Ghaarimeen: A person whose debts exceeds his assets and his net assets (after deducting his liabilities) is below the Nisab limit. To determine whether a person qualifies, his basic necessities of life (house, furniture, clothes, vehicle, etc.) will not be taken into account. It is conditional that the debts were not created for any un-Islamic or sinful purpose.

❑ Fi Sabeelillah: Those who are away from home in the path of Allah. Those in Jihaad, those seeking knowledge or a stranded Haji may be assist with Zakat if they are in need.

Zakat Receivers

❑Gold and Silver

❑Cash

❑Stocks

❑Mutual Funds

❑Stock Options

❑Business Merchandise Inventory

❑Private Companies, Corporations and Partnerships

❑Retirement Plans (RRSP, RESP, etc.)

❑Real Estate Investments in Property Owning

Companies

❑Accounts Receivable

Zakat payable

❑Profits from Investments

❑Trusts

❑Long-Term Insurance (Life Insurance)

❑Lump Sum Payments in Terms of Compulsory

Pension and Provident Funds

❑Severance Package

❑Income Tax

❑Liabilities which may be deducted

❑Buried Precious Metals or Minerals (Rikaz)

❑Livestock, Animals, Cows, Sheep, Camels

❑Agricultural Produce

❑ Zakat is kind of charity

❑ Is Obligatory under certain circumstances

❑ It is a form of worship

In Summary


Internal

Manifestation

Purity of Faith

and Intention

Right

Motivation

External

Manifestation

Empathy

Worships

Dealings

Patience

Dealings

• Honoring the promises

• Honoring agreements

Promises

❑ Verbal promises

❑Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Among the signs of a hypocrite are three, even if he fasts and prays and claims to be a Muslim: when he speaks he lies, when he gives a promise he breaks it, and when he is trusted he betrays.” Sahih al-Bukhari33, Sahih Muslim 59

❑ Written agreements

❑ Promise with oneself

❑ Make intention to do good deeds and eschew bad things

❑ Promise with fellow humans

❑ Rights of humans

❑ Work agreements

❑ Business dealings

❑ Promise with Allah

❑ We already made promise to Allah that we will worship Him.

Three types of Promises


Internal

Manifestation

Purity of Faith

and Intention

Right

Motivation

External

Manifestation

Empathy

Worships

Dealings

Patience

Patience

• Hardships

• Difficulties

• Wars

❑Types of Patience

❑ In hardships (financial)

❑ Difficulties

❑ In Wars

Patience

❑ Surah Asr provides overview

❑ Ayath ul Bir (2:177) defines comprehensively the righteousness

❑ Internal

❑Faith (Belief in Allah, Last Day, Angels, Books and Prophets

❑ Purity of Intention

❑Right Motivation (Positive and negative force)

❑ External

❑ Care for humans (Relatives, relatives, orphans, needy, traveler, those who ask,

freeing slaves)

❑ Worships (Establish Prayer and Give Zakat)

❑ Promises (Keep promises)Promise with oneself

Promise with fellow humans (agreements)

Promise with Allah

❑ PatienceIn Hardships

In Difficulties

In Wars

Summary

❑ https://www.hidaya.org/publications/zakat-information/

❑http://islamicpamphlets.com/the-importance-of-prayer

❑https://queriesonislam.wordpress.com/2011/07/28/quranic-verses-on-zakat-charity/

❑https://salamislam.com/practical-principles/what-philosophy-behind-prayer-islam-salat-part-1

❑ https://islamqa.info/en/answers/145600/evidence-from-the-sunnah-for-the-rate-of-zakaah-being-25

❑http://www.iium.edu.my/deed/hadith/muslim/005_smt.html

❑https://www.islamic-relief.org.uk/about-us/what-we-do/zakat/zakat-faqs/

❑https://islamqa.info/en/answers/160964/the-reward-for-keeping-a-promise-and-the-gravity-of-breaking-it

References

https://www.hidaya.org/publications/zakat-information/

http://islamicpamphlets.com/the-importance-of-prayer

https://queriesonislam.wordpress.com/2011/07/28/quranic-verses-on-zakat-charity/

https://salamislam.com/practical-principles/what-philosophy-behind-prayer-islam-salat-part-1

https://islamqa.info/en/answers/145600/evidence-from-the-sunnah-for-the-rate-of-zakaah-being-25

http://www.iium.edu.my/deed/hadith/muslim/005_smt.html

https://www.islamic-relief.org.uk/about-us/what-we-do/zakat/zakat-faqs/

https://islamqa.info/en/answers/160964/the-reward-for-keeping-a-promise-and-the-gravity-of-breaking-it

Thank You

surah al-baqarah verse 177 chapter 2-177 part -3...2008/06/12 · surah al-baqarah –verse 177...

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