Support in plants
• Turgor pressure• Lignifies walls• Bundle cap• Large Vacuole• Sclerenchyma and
collenchyma tissues
Sclerenchymatissue• Fibers • Sclerieds • Vessels
Collenchyma tissue
Provides support in young plants
Callus formationWound healing in plants with the formation of parenchyma cells
Autonomic Movement ( spontaneous movement due to internal causes )
Tactic movement •Photo tactic •Chemotactic
Turgor movement •Sleep movement •Rapid movement of leaflets
Growth movement •Epinasty•Hyponasty•Nutation
Turgor movement Sleep movement in bean plant
Rapid movement in leaflets
paratonic Movement (movement due to external causes )
Tropic movement
•Phototropism•Chemotropism•Geotropism•Hydrotropism•thigmotropism •Chemotactic
Nastic movement
•Nyctinasty ( photonasty and thermonasty) •Hyponastic movement
Venus fly trap. Showing haptonastic movement
Support and movement in animals.
Types • Hydrostatic skeleton• Exoskeleton• Endoskeleton
Exoskeletonof insects and molluscs
Endoskeleton
Human skeleton (endoskeleton )
Vertebralcolumn
1. Cervical2. Thoracic3. Lumber4. Pelvic
Ribcage 12 pairs of ribsLast 2 pairs are called floating ribs
Appendicular skeleton
• Pectoral girdle ( fore limbs )
• Pelvic girdle (hind limbs)
Clavicle ScapulaSupra scapula