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TRANSCRIPT
Suppor&ng Sustainability Aspects
in So4ware Engineering CompSust‘12, 6th of July 2012 Birgit Penzenstadler Technische Universität München
Sustainability in SE – why? • Problem: Scarce resources • Current solu&ons:
– Green IT – Efficient algorithms and opera&ons – Green by IT
How to perform SE for Green IT and Green by IT?
2
Overview
• What sustainability means in SE: DefiniNon • How to tackle it: A framework • Where to go from here: Conclusions
3
Definition of Sustainability • ”The capacity to endure” • Brundtland1 “Sustainable development is development that – meets the needs of the present – without compromising the ability of future generaNons to meet their own needs.”
• Goodland2 Human, Social, Economic, Environmental
• Absolute def. of sustainability 1) United NaNons Report „Our common future“, 1987 2) Encyclopedia of global environmental change, Wiley & Sons 2002
4
• Absolute definiNon + relaNve definiNon: Scope (context) defined by – System (S) – FuncNon (F) – Time horizon (T)
• Absolute definiNon of sustainability – S: Humanity in its ecosystem – F: SaNsfacNon of needs – T: MulNple generaNons
àRelaNve definiNon?
Sustainability in context of SE
5
Where is sustainability relevant in SE?
1. “System” = Sogware Company 1. Development Process Aspect
à Hardware, QA, energy 2. Maintenance Process Aspect
à Knowledge management 2. “System” = Sogware System
1. System ProducNon Aspect à Assembly, components, logisNcs
2. System Usage Aspect à Effects in applicaNon domain
6
Overview
• What sustainability means in SE: DefiniNon • How to tackle it: A framework • Where to go from here: Conclusions
7
How to tackle it: A framework Environment & System Context
Requirements Analysis Methods
Requirements ArNfact Model
Quality Model
Goal Model
Literature Survey
Interview Study
Feasibility Studies
DisseminaNon
Founda'on Concepts Evalua'on
Concept: Goal Model Environment & System Context
Requirements Analysis Methods
Requirements ArNfact Model
Quality Model
Goal Model
Literature Survey
Interview Study
Feasibility Studies
DisseminaNon
Founda'on Concepts Evalua'on 9
Generic Sustainability Model
exemplary and incomplete
<Dimension>Economic
Sustainability
<Dimension>Technical
Sustainability
<Dimension>Environmental Sustainability
<Dimension>Human
Sustainability
<Dimension>Social
Sustainability
<Value>long-term
profit
<Activity>long-term strategy
<Value>healthy
environment
<Value>human health
<Value>human capital
<Value>community
<Value>trust
<Regulation>human rights
<Regulation>millenium goals
<Value>long-term
use
<Value>education
<Activity>education programs
<Activity>optimize resource
consumption
<Activity>reduce
<Activity>reuse
<Activity>recycle
<Activity>mentoring
<Activity>knowledge
management
<Activity>use sustainable
resources
......... ......
<Goal>Sustainability
<Indicator>continuous
ROI
<Activity>Restoration
<Value>maintain
ability <Value>conservation of biodiversity
• 5 dimensions • Decompose into values and supporNng acNviNes
Environmental SustainabilityHuman SustainabilitySocial Sustainability
Economic Sustainability Technical Sustainability
10
Generic Sustainability Model
exemplary and incomplete
<Dimension>Economic
Sustainability
<Dimension>Technical
Sustainability
<Dimension>Environmental Sustainability
<Dimension>Human
Sustainability
<Dimension>Social
Sustainability
<Value>long-term
profit
<Activity>long-term strategy
<Value>healthy
environment
<Value>human health
<Value>human capital
<Value>community
<Value>trust
<Regulation>human rights
<Regulation>millenium goals
<Value>long-term
use
<Value>education
<Activity>education programs
<Activity>optimize resource
consumption
<Activity>reduce
<Activity>reuse
<Activity>recycle
<Activity>mentoring
<Activity>knowledge
management
<Activity>use sustainable
resources
......... ......
<Goal>Sustainability
<Indicator>continuous
ROI
<Activity>Restoration
<Value>maintain
ability <Value>conservation of biodiversity
11
Instance
12
How to instantiate a Company-specific Sustainability Goal Model
<Activity>optimize resource
consumption
<Activity>knowledge
management<Activity>
agile practices
<Activity>long-term strategy
<Activity>reuse old hardware
<Activity>reduce waste
Process View: Development & Evolution
- building- infrastructure- equipment- waste
- business plan- long-term investors
- educational offers- best practices- mentoring- culture of trust
<Activity>establish
incentives for less resource consumption
<Goal>Sustainability
<Dimension>Economic
Sustainability
<Value>company-
specific goal
...
...
<Goal>Sustainability
<Dimension>EnvironmentalSustainability
<Value>Reduce resource
consumption by 30% within 12 months
for each dimension:
instantiate values:
value instantiated as goal:
Example Instance of a Company-specific Sustainability Goal Model
chosen dimension:
Process View: Development & Evolution
<Activity>recycle
packaging for own shipping
<Activity>design partially offline
<Indicator>physical waste
<Indicator>energy bill
<Indicator>bought
items list
<Activity>choose energy-efficient patterns
<Dimension>Environm.
Sustainability
<Value>company-
specific goal
<Dimension>Social
Sustainability
<Value>company-
specific goal
Concept: Quality Model Environment & System Context
Requirements Analysis Methods
Requirements ArNfact Model
Quality Model
Goal Model
Literature Survey
Interview Study
Feasibility Studies
DisseminaNon
Founda'on Concepts Evalua'on 13
AcNvity-‐based Quality Model
...
Checklists
ReportsTools
Quality Model
Developer
Quality Engineer
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Artifacts
respects
uses
designsreviews
generate
defines
generates
educates
configu
resDo
mai
n
Cont
ext
Prod
uct
Legi
sl.Pl
atfo
rmPr
oces
s...
Entiti
es
Activities Sustainability
Hardware
Define Constraints
Knowledge
Design 4 S.
Architect.
...Us
er
Assess S.
Infrastruct.
OutputInput
Interaction
Abilities
LawsStandards
Analyse Risks
Analyse Life Cyc ...
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++
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+
+
+
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+
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Impact of entity on activity (exemplary)
read
s
14
Overview
• What sustainability means in SE: DefiniNon • How to tackle it: A framework • Where to go from here: Conclusions
15
Conclusion
Summary • Def. of Aspects of Sustainability in SE • SupporNng Framework (especially Requirements Eng. and Quality Ass.)
Thank you.
16
Birgit Penzenstadler [email protected]
hpp://www4.in.tum.de/~penzenst
Future • Research collaboraNons • Industry collaboraNons • IntegraNon into teaching