GOOD AFTERNOON

SUMMER TRAINING AT DOORDARSHAN KENDRA

GUWAHATI

Presented ByShreya BoroRoll No. DC2010BTE4137ECE 7B

IntroductionDoordarshan is the largest broadcasting

organization in India.It provides two free air channels DD-1 and DD News.It originates the programmes and telecast on channel.The experimental telecast was started on 15 September

1959 in Delhi.As a National Broadcaster came into existence in 1982.

Various Sections of Doordarshan Kendra

1. Studio2. MSR3. ENG4. Editing5. Earth Station6. Transmitter7. Terrestrial transmission

StudioTelevision signals for broadcasting are

originated by cameras ,recorded at the studios and replayed by video tape recorders, mixed in studio vision mixers and finally distributed for transmission.

Action in this includes staging, lightening, performance by artists .

Studios are acoustic treated to provide good quality of sound.

Very efficient air conditioning is required for the heat dissipation by the studio lights.

Types of StudioMain StudioCB Studio

Main StudioThis studio is mainly used for all major recordings and

live interactive program using Phone in console.This studio is fully digitalized with four camera setup. It is having different types of Microphone and equipped

with different lights including cool lights used as per production requirement.

Main Studio

Continuity Booth Studio(CB Studio)This studio is mainly used for live transmission of NEWS

programs.Some discussion type as well as anchoring

program is also generated from this studio.The size of CB studio is much smaller compared to the

main studio.

CB Studio

Teleprompter camera

Master Switching RoomTechnical hub of

broadcast operation.It is the final point before

a signal is transmitted over-the-air for terrestrial television.

It includes video monitors, satellite receivers, transmission equipment etc.

Block diagram showing position of MSR:Studio camera

PCR MSR

Earth station

Satellite

Terrestrial Transmitte

rAntennaTV

ENGENG stands for electronic news gathering. The purpose of ENG is to gather news from different

outside locations. Cameras used in ENG section are small and light weight. These cameras are called camcoders.

The cameras used in ENG have three sections :-

A camera lens and optics:- to form optical image

A transducer or pick up device:- to convert optical image into electrical signal.

Electronics:- to process the output of transducer.

EditingThe process of correcting, altering, shortening etc to

prepare a programs for publication is known as Editing.There are two types of editing:

1. Linear Editing (LE)

2. Non-Linear Editing (NLE)

Linear Editing

Non linear editing:Video

Digitalize the video(AVI)

Capture Store in the

Gallery

Drag and drop clips in

timeline

Edit in time line

Making movie Point to tape

Earth StationIt is the major section. Equipment operates in frequency range of 5.85Ghz to

6.42Ghz for transmit.For receiving 3.625Ghz to 4.2Ghz. The antenna consists of antenna control unit, receiver, up

convertor system, high power amplifier.Transmission system carries digital base band system

signals from studio to earth station site to minimize the noise interface.

For connectivity optical fiber is used.

TransmitterDoordarshan Kendra, Guwahati has two (2) nos. of 10

KW solid state transmitters meant for terrestrial transmission.

The studio program is received by the transmitter through the satellite as well as microwave link.

The programme is relayed through the dielectric antennas installed on the 150 Mtr. (RCC + Steel) towers, which is a landmark civil structure in Guwahati city.

Diesel Generator sets are available for providing power to the transmitters in case of normal power failure.

Terrestrial Transmission:It is a mode of television broadcasting which does not

involve satellite or cable rather it uses radio waves. Here the video is amplitude modulated and sound is

frequency modulated.Spectrum distribution: primarily 12 channels

Band I: 40-60 MHz(4 channels)

Band II: 88-108MHz(FM broadcasting)

Band III: 174-230 MHz(8 channels)

Conclusion I am thankful to the in-plant training programme in-

charge of Doordarshan Kendra Guwahati for allowing me to do the training in their organization. I am also thankful to our TPO officer and the concerned staff of Department of electronics and communication engineering, DBCET for allowing me to participate in this training programme.

THANK YOU & Have a nice

day