SUMMARY CV OF HARALD WINKLER Personal details Name: Harald Winkler Born: 1 March 1964 Nationality: South African

Harald.Winkler@uct.ac.za Tel: +27 21 650-2100 Cell: +27 84 776 8473

Education 2002 – 2006 PhD (University of Cape Town, UCT) 1996-1998 MSc in Energy and Resources (University of California, Berkeley) 1987-89 MA in Religious Studies (UCT), degree awarded with distinction 1986 BA Honours in Religious Studies (UCT), degree awarded in the first class 1983-85 BA in Sociology and African Politics (Wits), distinction, silver medal

Work experience Current (since 2000) Professor: Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town Harald’s research interests are focused around climate policy, at international and national level. He led the research work underpinning South Africa’s Long-Term Mitigation Scenarios (LTMS). His recent work includes work with other developing countries to share the LTMS experience in a programme called MAPS – Mitigation Action Plans and Scenarios. He developed the proposal of sustainable development policies and measures (SD-PAMs). Research areas have included equity and future commitments to climate action; economics of climate change mitigation; energy scenarios for South Africa and Cape Town; the links between sustainable development and climate change; renewable energy and mitigation. Harald led ERC’s climate change group until 2013, and served a five-year terms as ERC Director from April 2013 to March 2018, thereafter reverting to his role as Professor at ERC. Previous work experience 1998 - 2000 Associate: Environmental Scientist, Common Ground Consulting 1995 - 1996 Deputy Director, Regional Land Claims Commission 1990 - 1994 Fieldworker and Coordinator, Transvaal Rural Action Committee (TRAC) 1987-89 Research assistant and tutor in the Dept. of Religious Studies, (UCT)

Publications I have published over 60 articles in peer-reviewed journals (of which 50 in international journals, which includes three guest editorials, and 13 in local journals, all either ISI or SAPSE-listed), as well as 13 chapters in peer-reviewed books, published two books and three edited volumes. Many research reports include my inputs, including several published by international organizations such as UNEP, UNDP, UNDESA, OECD, GIZ and TERI. Academic ratings include NRF B2 (“internationally acclaimed researcher”) and h-index of 20 on Scopus and 34 by Google Scholar; see further details on page 4 below). I frequently am invited to give presentations based on my research at international, national and local events, often directly informing energy policy and climate negotiations.

Teaching Harald has taught on energy and climate change at the University of Cape Town since 2000, while based at a research centre. He has supervised Masters and PhD students in the areas of energy and climate change research. He helped develop a course on Energy and Climate Change (MEC 5090Z) at the University of Cape Town (UCT). He has also taught on other Energy Research Centre courses, notably Introduction Energy Policy & Sustainable Energy (MEC5091Z), and UCT’s African Climate and Development Initiative’s courses (EGS5031F and EGS5032F) on mitigation, as well as occasional guest lectures. Prof Winkler has been asked to externally examine post-graduate theses by several Universities locally and internationally.

Membership of Committees, Panels, Boards • Joint Editor-in-Chief of Climate Policy (from 2017) • Member of High Level Economic Commission on Carbon Prices, co-chaired by Nobel Laureate Joseph

Stiglitz and Lord Nicholas Stern (Nov 2016 to April 2017), see Research Reports under publications • Member of the Academy of Science of South Africa (from 2016) • Editorial Boards of international journals Climate Policy (from 2006), Climate and Development (from

2008), Current Opinions in Environmental Sustainability (from 2009), Global Environmental Politics (from 2012-2017) and Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies (from 2013).

• Lead author on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth and Fifth Assessment Reports. From 2004

• Member of the South African delegation to the negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. From 2004 to 2015.

• International jury member for WWF Earth Hour City Challenge, 2015 • Board member of the South African Weather Services. 2008 – 2011. • Board member: Sustainable Energy Africa. 2002 – 2012 • Member of the City of Cape Town’s Climate Change Think Tank. From 2009. • Member of the Methodology Panel of the CDM Executive Board, April 2002 – July 2004 • Member of the Standards Advisory Board of the WWF Carbon Label for CDM projects; 2002 – 2005

Awards • In 2007, the IPCC as a collective was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize together with Al Gore; I was one

of hundreds of IPCC lead authors, over two assessments, and the IPCC assessments are acclaimed by the global scientific community as state of knowledge.

• Winner, National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) Awards: winner 2017/18 special annual theme award Sustainable Energy For All (SE4ALL); finalist 2014/15 in the category NSTFGreenMatter

• Research award by UCT Department of Mechanical Engineering, top publisher in 2014 • Mail & Guardian Climate Leader (2014) • National Research Foundation (NRF) rating: B2 “internationally acclaimed researcher” (from 2012) • Fulbright Scholarship for MSc (Berkeley) (1996-98) • Silver Medal proxime accesit for BA class of 1985 (University of Witwatersrand, 1985)

International conferences – scientific steering committee roles • Co-organiser of international conference ‘1.5 Degrees: Meeting the challenges of the Paris Agreement,

20-22 September 2016, University of Oxford • Co-organiser of international conference ‘Fossil Fuel Supply and Climate Change Policy’, 26–27

September 2016, Queen’s College, Oxford • Co-convenor on ‘Long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies’ for Climate Change

Expert Group (CCXG), Global Forum on the Environment and Climate Change,; OECD conference centre, 13-14 September 2016, Paris

• Co-convenor large parallel session at international scientific conference on "Our Common Future under Climate Change"; invited by Scientific Steering Committee, July 2015.

Full curriculum vitae of Harald Winkler Contents

PERSONAL AND CONTACT DETAILS ............................................................................................................... 1EDUCATION AND QUALIFICATIONS ................................................................................................................ 1

UNIVERSITY DEGREES ............................................................................................................................................. 1SCHOLARSHIPS AND MERIT AWARDS ........................................................................................................................ 1SCHOOLING AND OTHER EDUCATION........................................................................................................................ 2

WORK EXPERIENCE ............................................................................................................................................ 2POSITIONS HELD ..................................................................................................................................................... 2MEMBERSHIP OF ORGANISATIONS AND ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................... 3REVIEWS AND EDITORIAL BOARDS ........................................................................................................................... 3

RESEARCH .............................................................................................................................................................. 4PUBLICATIONS ........................................................................................................................................................ 4RESEARCH REPORTS (SELECTED) ........................................................................................................................... 11PRESENTATIONS OF RESEARCH .............................................................................................................................. 14ACADEMIC THESES................................................................................................................................................ 18POPULAR PUBLICATIONS ....................................................................................................................................... 18

TEACHING AND SUPERVISION ........................................................................................................................ 18SUPERVISION OF POST-GRADUATE STUDENTS ......................................................................................................... 18COURSES TAUGHT ................................................................................................................................................. 19

MANAGEMENT AND FUND-RAISING .............................................................................................................. 20POSITIONS IN UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION ............................................................................ 20FUND-RAISING FOR ERC RESEARCH PROJECTS ....................................................................................................... 21

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Personal and contact details Personal details Contact details

Name Harald Ernst WINKLER

Prof. Harald Winkler Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town

Date of birth 1 March 1964 E-mail Harald.Winkler@uct.ac.za Nationality South African Tel +27 21 650-2100

Sex Male Fax Cell

+27 21 6502830 084 7768473 (+27 71 484-2531 when travelling)

Marital status

Married Web site www.erc.uct.ac.za

Number of children

Two Postal address

Physical address

Energy Research Centre University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Rm 6.31, Menzies Bldg University of Cape Town Upper Campus Rondebosch

Education and qualifications

University degrees 2002 – 2006 PhD (Energy Studies), University of Cape Town (UCT, graduated June 2006) Thesis title: Energy for sustainable development in South Africa’s residential and electricity sectors: Implications for mitigating climate change 1996-1998 MSc in Energy and Resources, University of California, Berkeley Inter-disciplinary degree, with focus on environmental science and ecological economics. 1987-89 MA in Religious Studies (UCT) 1986 BA Honours in Religious Studies (UCT) 1983-85 BA in Sociology and African Politics (Wits) 1982 Post-matric year in Germany, including Abitur [German university entrance

exam], volunteer work and travelling

Scholarships and merit awards 1996-98 Fulbright Scholarship for MSc (Berkeley) 1988 MA awarded with distinction (UCT) 1987-88 HSRC grant for MA (UCT)

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1986 BA Honours awarded in the first class (UCT) 1985 BA awarded with distinction, awarded Silver Medal proxime accesit (Wits) 1983 University Entrance Scholarship (Wits)

Schooling and other education 1970-1981 Attended the Deutsche Schule Johannesburg

JMB Matric with `A' Aggregate, 5 distinctions Part-time studies 1994 Information Systems 103-6 (UNISA)

(End-User Computing) 1991-93 Geography I, II and III (UNISA)

passed I (84%), II (75%), III (71%) 1992 Environmental Management for Development Planning

(IMA at University of Sussex) completed a short course offered by a British consultancy on environmental management, run at the University of Sussex, Brighton, England

Work experience

Positions held Current (since June 2000) Professor and Director: Energy Research Centre, 1 University of Cape Town • Climate change mitigation • Energy and climate policy • Analysing the economics of climate change • Clean Development Mechanisms, in particular baselines, monitoring and sustainable

development • Writing research reports, journal articles, conference papers, presentations • Leader of ERC’s energy, environment and climate change group (2004-2013) • Director of ERC 2013 – 2018 (five year term), then reverted to post of Professor

1998 - 2000 Associate: Environmental Scientist Common Ground Consulting 1995 - 1996 Deputy Director, Regional Land Claims Commission

Regional Land Claims Commission (Eastern Cape & Free State) 1990 - 1994 Fieldworker and Coordinator

Transvaal Rural Action Committee (TRAC) 1989 Research assistant in the Department of Religious Studies

University of Cape Town 1987-88 Tutor in the Department of Religious Studies

1 Started as a Senior Researcher in the then Energy & Development Research Centre. This merged in 2003 with the Energy Research Institute, becoming the Energy Research Centre.

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University of Cape Town

Membership of organisations and activities My responses to social needs are based on specialist advice, providing research-based policy formulation in my areas of expertise. The interactions take the form of specific inputs and serving on committees and other bodies.

• Board member of the South African Weather Services. From 2008 - 2011 • Lead author on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2 Fourth

Assessment Report, chapter 12 “Sustainable development and mitigation” (Working Group III). From 2004.

• Member of the South African delegation to the negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. From 2004.

• Member of the “Panel on guidelines for methodologies for baselines and monitoring plans” (Methodology Panel) of the Executive Board of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The 12-member expert panel provides guidance to the Board on technical issues relating to baseline and monitoring methodologies. From April 2002 – July 2004.

• Member of the Standards Advisory Board (SAB) of the WWF Carbon Label for CDM projects. The SAB provides guidance on developing standards to ensure CDM projects of high quality. 2002 – 2005.

• Board member: Sustainable Energy Africa (non profit organization) 2002 – 2011. • Member of the South African Climate Action Network (individual membership). • Member of the National Committee on Climate Change (stakeholder forum); repeated

briefings for NCCC members • Member of the City of Cape Town’s Climate Change Think Tank. From 2009-11. • Member of the Ministerial Advisory Committee on the Green Economy, invited by

the Minister of Finance, Economic Development and Tourism of the Provincial Government of the Western Cape. 2010-11.

• Member of international jury for Earth Hour City Challenge, organized by WWF-International. 2015.

Reviews and editorial boards

Editorial Board Member of editorial boards of international journals

• Climate Policy (from 2006) • Climate and Development (from 2008) • Current Opinions in Environmental Sustainability (from 2009) • Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies (from 2013) • Global Environmental Politics (from 2015)

2 The IPCC is the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Note that it is an intergovernmental panel, not an international committee. Authors have to first be nominated by their country. Nominees are then considered by the IPCC Bureau and invited to serve for a particular report. I was invited to serve as a Lead Author for the Fourth Assessment Report, in Working Group III dealing with mitigation. Further details on the IPCC is included in the Supplementary Material.

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Journal reviews Journals which have invited reviews

• Climate Policy • Energy Policy • The Energy Journal • Climatic Change • Climate Change Science and Policy • International Environmental Agreements • Journal of Environment and Development • Journal of Energy in Southern Africa • South African Journal of Economics • South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences • Current Anthropology

Academic ratings • National Research Foundation (NRF) rating: B2 (for 2018 to 2023). The B category

is defined by the NRF as “internationally acclaimed researcher” or more fully “Researchers who enjoy considerable international recognition by their peers for the high quality and impact of their recent research outputs.”

• Scopus (July 2018) Author ID: 7201676551 o H-index: 20 o 1500 total citations by 1266 documents o Co-authors: 123

• Google scholar statistics (in March 2018)

https://scholar.google.co.za/citations?user=p2hTc1IAAAAJ&hl=en o H-index: 34 (25 for publications since 2013) o i10-index: 83 (60) o Citations 4616 (2780 since 2013)

Invitations to give keynote addresses The following list includes invitations by conference orgasnisers to give keynote speeches or addresses, or chair sessions (from 2017):

• 7th Global Conference on Global Warming, Izmir, Turkey, 24-28 June, 2018 • Chair session on "Sustainable Development" session at WindAc Africa, 14-15

November 2017

Research

Publications Selected publications are downloadable from http://www.erc.uct.ac.za/Staff/winkler.htm

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International journals (ISI-listed) 1. Klinsky, S & Winkler, H 2018. Building equity in: strategies for integrating equity into

modelling for a 1.5°C world. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 376 (2119). http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160461.abstract

2. Jotzo, F, Depledge, J & Winkler, H 2018. US and international climate policy under President Trump. Editorial Climate Policy 18 (7): 813-817. 2018/08/09. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2018.1490051

3. Kartha, S, Athanasiou, T, Caney, S, Cripps, E, Dooley, K, Dubash, N K, Fei, T, Harris, P, Holz, C, Lahn, B, Moellendorf, D, Müller, B, Roberts, J T, Sagar, A D, Shue, H, Singer, P & Winkler, H 2018. Cascading biases against poorer countries. Comment on Robiou du Pont et al. Paper #NCLIM-17040595B. Correspondence to Nature Climate Change 8: 348–349. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0152-7

4. Winkler, H & Depledge, J 2018. Fiji-in-Bonn: will the ‘Talanoa spirit’ prevail? Editorial Climate Policy 18 (2): 141-145. 2018/02/07. 10.1080/14693062.2018.1417001

5. Winkler, H, Höhne, N, Cunliffe, G E, Kuramochi, T, April, A & de Villafranca Casas, M J 2017. Countries start to explain how their climate contributions are fair: more rigour needed. International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics online (Special Issue on Climate Justice and 1.5°C). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10784-017-9381-x

6. Winkler, H., Mantlana, B., & Letete, T. (2017). Transparency of action and support in the Paris Agreement Climate Policy 17 (7): 853-872 DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2017.1302918 .

7. Spalding-Fecher, R, Joyce, B & Winkler, H 2017. Climate change and hydropower in the Southern African Power Pool and Zambezi River Basin: system-wide impacts and policy implications. Energy Policy 103: 84–97. DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2016.12.009

8. Jotzo, F., Winkler, H., & Depledge, J. (2017). A new era for climate policy. Editorial. Climate Policy, 17(2), 111-112, 10.1080/14693062.2016.1276326.

9. Rogelj, J, den Elzen, M G J, Höhne, N, Fransen, T, Fekete, H, Winkler, H, Schaeffer, R, Sha, F, Riahi, K & Meinshausen, M 2016. Paris Agreement climate proposals need boost to keep warming well below 2°C Nature 534 (30 June): 631-639. doi:10.1038/nature18307

10. Winkler, H, Delgado, R, Palma, R, Pereira, A O, Vasquez Baos, T G, Moyo, A, Wills, W & Salazar, A A V 2016 online. Information for a developmental approach to mitigation: linking sectoral and economy-wide models for Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru and South Africa. Climate and Development. doi: 10.1080/17565529.2016.1174660.

11. Altieri, K, Trollip, H, Caetano, T, Hughes, A, Merven, B & Winkler, H 2016 online. Achieving development and mitigation objectives through a decarbonization development pathway in South Africa. Climate Policy. doi: 10.1080/14693062.2016.1150250.

12. Winkler, H & Dubash, N 2016. Who determines transformational change in development and climate finance? Climate Policy 16 (6): 783-791. DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2015.1033674

13. Winkler, H, Boyd, A, Torres Gunfaus, M & Raubenheimer, S 2015. Reconsidering development by reflecting on climate change International Environmental Agreements 15 (4): 369-385. DOI 10.1007/s10784-015-9304-7.

14. Betsill, M, Dubash, N K, Paterson, M, Van Asselt, H, Vihma, A & Winkler, H 2015. Building productive links between the UNFCCC and the broader global climate governance landscape. Global Environmental Politics 15 (2): 1-18.

15. Winkler, H & Rajamani, L 2014. CBDR&RC in a regime applicable to all. Climate Policy 14 (1): 102-121 DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2013.791184

16. Boyd, A, Rennkamp, B, Dane, A & Winkler, H 2014. Current approaches to MRV in South Africa: a scoping study. Climate Policy 14 (3): 397-416.

17. Winkler, H 2014. Introduction: Emerging lessons on designing and implementing mitigation actions in five developing countries. Guest editorial. Climate and Development 6 (Special Issue on mitigation actions in five developing countries - Supplement 1): 1-3.

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18. Coetzee, K & Winkler, H 2014. The international policy context for mitigation actions. Climate and Development 6 (Special Issue on mitigation actions in five developing countries - Supplement 1): 4-11.

19. Tyler, E, Boyd, A, Coetzee, K & Winkler, H 2014. A case study of South African mitigation actions. Climate and Development 6 (Special Issue on mitigation actions in five developing countries - Supplement 1): 49-58.

20. Garibaldi, J A, Winkler, H, La Rovere, E L, Cadena, A, Palma, R, Sanhueza, J E, Tyler, E & Torres Gunfaus, M 2014. Comparative analysis of five case studies: commonalities and differences in approaches to mitigation actions in five developing countries. Climate and Development 6 (Special Issue on mitigation actions in five developing countries - Supplement 1): 59-70.

21. Ebi, K, Hallegatte, S, Kram, T, Arnell, N W, Carter, T R, Edmonds, J, Kriegler, E, Mathur, R, O'Neill, B C, Riahi, K, Winkler, H, Van Vuuren, D & Zwickel, T 2014. A new scenario framework for climate change research: Background, process, and future directions. Climatic Change 122: 363-372 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-013-0912-3.

22. Kriegler, E, Edmonds, J, Hallegatte, S, Ebi, K, Kram, T, Riahi, K, Winkler, H & Van Vuuren, D 2014. A new scenario framework for climate change analysis: The role of shared climate policy assumptions Climatic Change 122: 401–414 DOI :10.1007/s10584-013-0971-5.

23. Van Vuuren, D, Kriegler, E, O'Neill, B, Ebi, K L, Riahi, K, Carter, T R, Edmonds, J, Hallegatte, S, Kram, T & Winkler, H 2014. A new scenario framework for Climate Change Research: scenario matrix architecture. Climatic Change 122: 363–372 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-013-0906-1.

24. Klinsky, S & Winkler, H 2014. Equity, sustainable development, and climate policy. Editorial. Climate Policy 14 (1): 1-7 DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2014.859352.

25. Winkler, H, Letete, T & Marquard, A 2013. Equitable access to sustainable development: operationalizing key criteria. Climate Policy. 13 (4): 41-431

26. Tyler, E, Boyd, A, Coetzee, K, Torres Gunfaus, M & Winkler, H 2013. Developing country perspectives on ‘mitigation actions’, ‘NAMAs’, and ‘LCDS’. Climate Policy 13 (6): 770-776.

27. Rahlao, S, Mantlana, B, Winkler, H & Knowles, A 2012. South Africa’s national REDD+ initiative: assessing the potential of the forestry sector on climate change mitigation. Environmental Science and Policy 17: 24-32.

28. Winkler, H, Hughes, A, Marquard, A, Haw, M & Merven, B 2011. South Africa’s greenhouse gas emissions under Business-as-Usual: The technical basis of ‘Growth without Constraints’ in the Long-Term Mitigation Scenarios. Energy Policy. 39 (10): 5818–5828.

29. Vorster, S, Winkler, H & Jooste, M 2011. Mitigating climate change through carbon pricing – the emerging policy debate in South Africa. Climate and Development 3 (3): 242–258.

30. Winkler, H, Simões, A F, La Rovere, E L, Alam, M, Rahman, A & Mwakasonda, S 2011. Access and affordability of electricity in developing countries, World Development 39 (6): 1037–1050.

31. Winkler, H & Beaumont, J 2010. Fair and effective multilateralism in the post-Copenhagen climate negotiations. Climate Policy 10: 638–654.

32. Winkler, H, Jooste, M & Marquard, A 2010a. Structuring approaches to pricing carbon in energy- and trade-intensive sectors in South Africa. Climate Policy 9: 527–542.

33. Winkler, H & Marquard, A 2010. Putting a price on carbon in the context of development. Editorial Climate Policy 9: 489–493.

34. Sathaye, J, Lecocq, F, Masanet, E, Najam, A, Schaeffer, R, Swart, R & Winkler, H 2009. Opportunities to change development pathways toward lower greenhouse gas emissions through energy efficiency Energy Efficiency 2 (4): 317 - 337

35. Winkler, H, Hughes, A & Haw, M 2009. Technology learning for renewable energy: Implications for South Africa’s long-term mitigation scenarios. Energy Policy 37: 4987–4996.

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36. Winkler, H, Vorster, S & Marquard, A 2009. Who picks up the remainder? Mitigation in developed and developing countries. Climate Policy 9: 634–651.

37. Winkler, H & Marquard, A 2009. Changing development paths: From an energy-intensive to low-carbon economy in South Africa. Climate and Development 1 (1): 47-65.

38. Winkler, H, 2008. Measurable, reportable and verifiable: the keys to mitigation in the Copenhagen deal. Climate Policy 8: 534–547.

39. Winkler, H, Höhne, N & Den Elzen, M 2008 Methods for quantifying the benefits of sustainable development policies and measures (SD-PAMs). Climate Policy 8 (2): 119–134

40. Winkler, H & Vorster, S 2007. Building bridges to 2020 and beyond: the road from Bali. Climate Policy 7 (3): 240–254.

41. Winkler, H, Baumert, K, Blanchard, O, Burch, S & Robinson, J 2007. What factors influence mitigative capacity? Energy Policy 35 (1): 692–703.

42. Den Elzen, M, Höhne, N, Brouns, B, Winkler, H & Ott, H E 2007. Differentiation of countries’ future commitments in the global climate regime. An assessment of the “South–North Dialogue” Proposal. Environmental Science and Policy 10: 185 - 203.

43. Ellis, J, Winkler, H, Morlot, J C & Gagnon-Lebrun, F 2007. CDM: Taking stock and looking forward. Energy Policy 35 (1): 15-28.

44. Winkler, H, Howells, M & Baumert, K 2007. Sustainable development policies and measures: institutional issues and electrical efficiency in South Africa. Climate Policy 7 (3): 212–229.

45. Winkler, H, Brouns, B & Kartha, S 2006. Future mitigation commitments: Differentiating among non-Annex I countries. Climate Policy 5 (5): 469-468.

46. Winkler, H 2005. Renewable energy policy in South Africa: Policy options for renewable electricity. Energy Policy 33 (1): 27-38.

47. Winkler, H., Davidson, O., Mwakasonda, S., 2005. Developing institutions for the Clean Development Mechanism: African perspectives. Climate Policy 5, 209-220.

48. Spalding-Fecher, R, Winkler, H & Mwakasonda, S 2005. Energy and the World Summit on Sustainable Development: What next? Energy Policy 33 (1): 99-112.

49. Sathaye, J, Murtishaw, S, Price, L, Lefranc, M, Roy, J, Winkler, H & Spalding-Fecher, R 2004. Multiproject baselines for evaluation of electric power projects. Energy Policy 32 (11): 1303-1317

50. Winkler, H, Spalding-Fecher, R & Tyani, L 2002. Comparing developing countries under potential carbon allocation schemes. Climate Policy 2 (4): 61-87

International journals (not ISI-listed) 1. Winkler, H 2007. Energy policies for sustainable development in South Africa. Energy

for Sustainable Development XI (1): 13-21.

SA journals (ISI and / or SAPSE lists) 1. Winkler, H 2017. Reducing energy poverty through carbon tax revenues in South Africa.

Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 28 (3): 12-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2017/v28i3a2332

2. Cohen, B & Winkler, H 2014. Greenhouse gas emissions from shale gas and coal for electricity generation in South Africa. South African Journal of Science 110 (3/4): 31-35.

3. Tait, L & Winkler, H 2012. Estimating greenhouse gas emissions associated with achieving universal access to electricity for all households in South Africa. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 23 (4): 8-17.

4. Winkler, H & Marquard, A 2011. Analysis of the economic implications of a carbon tax. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 22 (1): 55-68.

5. Rosenberg, S & Winkler, H 2011. Policy review and analysis: Energy efficiency strategy for the Republic of South Africa. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 22 (4): 67-79.

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6. Winkler, H & Van Es, D 2007. Energy efficiency and the CDM in South Africa: Constraints and opportunities. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 18 (1): 29-38.

7. Winkler, H, Borchers, M, Hughes, A, Visagie, E & Heinrich, G 2006. Policies and scenarios for Cape Town's energy future: Options for sustainable city energy development. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 17 (1): 28-41.

8. Winkler, H 2005. Climate change and developing countries. South African Journal of Science 101: 355-364.

9. Winkler, H 2004. National policies and the CDM: Avoiding perverse incentives. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 15 (4): 118-122.

10. Winkler, H, Spalding-Fecher, R, Tyani, L & Matibe, K 2002. Cost-benefit analysis of energy efficiency in urban low-cost housing. Development Southern Africa 19 (5): 593-614.

11. Winkler, H & Thorne, S 2002. Baselines for suppressed demand: CDM projects contribution to poverty alleviation. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 5 (2): 413-429.

12. Winkler, H & Mavhungu, J 2002. Potential impacts of electricity industry restructuring on renewable energy and energy efficiency. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 13 (2): 43 - 49.

13. Winkler, H, Spalding-Fecher, R, Sathaye, J & Price, L, 2001, Multi-project baselines for potential Clean Development Mechanism projects in the electricity sector in South Africa. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 12 (4): 449-457.

Peer-reviewed book chapters 1. Labintan, C, Winkler, H & Obayelu, A E 2018. Biofuel production and its

implications in a transitive low carbon development country: The case of South Africa. Chapter 4 in A E Obayelu (Ed). Food systems sustainability and environmental policies in modern economies Hershey, Pennsylvania, IGI Global: 71-88.

2. Winkler, H 2017. Mitigation (Article 4), chapter 9 in D Klein, P Carazo, J Bulmer, M Doelle and A Higham (eds). The Paris Agreement on climate change: Analysis and commentary. ISBN: 9780198803768. Oxford, Oxford University Press: 135-159.

3. den Elzen, M G J, Fransen, T, Höhne, N, Winkler, H, Schaeffer, R, Sha, F, Garg, A, with Cunliffe, G, Fekete, H, Ge, M, Grassi, G, Roelfsema, M, Rogelj, J, Sterl, S & Vasquez, E 2015. The emissions gap in 2025 and 2030. UNEP (ed). The emissions gap report 2015: A UNEP synthesis report. Nairobi, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP

4. Winkler, H 2010. An architecture for long-term climate change: North-South cooperation based on equity and common but differentiated responsibilities. pp. 97-115 in F Biermann, P Pattberg and F Zelli (eds). Global climate governance beyond 2012: Architecture, agency and adaptation, Cambridge University Press.

5. Winkler, H 2009. Mitigation is an energy issue in South Africa. in R Zipplies (ed). Bending the curve: Your guide to tackling climate change in South Africa. Cape Town, Africa Geographic 120-137.

6. Winkler, H & Zipplies, R 2009. Taking on a fair share: The goliath of Africa’s emissions. in R Zipplies (ed). Bending the curve: Your guide to tackling climate change in South Africa. Cape Town, Africa Geographic 108-119. ISBN: 978 06 2041 542 2

7. Sathaye, J, Najam, A, Cocklin, C, Heller, T, Lecocq, F, Llanes-Regueiro, J, Pan, J, Petschel-Held, G, Rayner, S, Robinson, J, Schaeffer, R, Sokona, Y, Swart, R & Winkler, H 2007. Sustainable development and mitigation. Chapter 12. in B Metz, O D Davidson, P Bosch, R Dave and L M Meyer (eds). Climate Change 2007: Mitigation, Contribution of Working Group III to the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report, Cambridge University Press.

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8. Winkler, H, Mukheibir, P & Mwakasonda, S 2006. Sustainability of electricity and climate change in South Africa. K Halsnaes and A Garg (eds). Sustainable development, energy and climate change: Methodological issues and case studies from Brazil, China, India, South Africa, Bangladesh and Senegal. ISBN 87-550-3452-6. Roskilde, UNEP Risø Centre.

9. Mwakasonda, S & Winkler, H 2005. Carbon capture and storage in South Africa. Chapter 6 in R Bradley, K Baumert and J Pershing (eds). Growing in the greenhouse: Protecting the climate by putting development first. Washington DC, World Resources Institute: 94-109. ISBN 1-56973-601-4.

10. Baumert, K & Winkler, H 2005. SD-PAMs and international climate agreements. Chapter 2. R Bradley, K Baumert and J Pershing (eds). Growing in the greenhouse: Protecting the climate by putting development first. Washington DC, World Resources Institute: 15-23.

11. Turpie, J, Winkler, H & Midgley, G F 2004. Economic impacts of climate change in South Africa: A preliminary assessment of unmitigated damage costs. J Blignaut and M de Wit (eds). Sustainable options: Development lessons from applied environmental economics. Cape Town, University of Cape Town press: Chapter 6.

12. Winkler, H, Spalding-Fecher, R, Mwakasonda, S & Davidson, O 2002. Sustainable development policies and measures: starting from development to tackle climate change. K Baumert, O Blanchard, S Llosa and J F Perkaus (eds). Building on the Kyoto Protocol: Options for protecting the climate. Washington DC, World Resources Institute: 61-87.

13. Winkler, H, Spalding-Fecher, R & Tyani, L 2002. What could potential carbon emissions allocation schemes and targets mean for South Africa?: 153-175. In O Davidson and D Sparks (ed.s), 2002, Developing energy solutions for climate change: South African research at EDRC, Energy & Development Research Centre, University of Cape Town

Books 1. Winkler, H 2010. Taking action on climate change: Long-term mitigation scenarios for

South Africa. Cape Town, UCT Press. 2. Winkler, H 2009. Cleaner energy, cooler climate: Developing sustainable energy

solutions for South Africa Cape Town, HSRC Press.

Edited books and books based on special issues of journals 1. Winkler, H & with Coetzee, K (Eds) 2015. Climate change mitigation actions in five

developing countries. Book version of Special Issue of Climate and Development. Abingdon, Routledge.

2. Winkler, H & Marquard, A (eds) 2010. Putting a price on carbon in South Africa and other developing countries. Book version of Special Issue of Climate Policy, guest editors. London, Earthscan.

3. Winkler, H (ed) 2006. Energy policies for sustainable development in South Africa: Options for the future. Contributors: O Davidson, H Winkler, A Kenny, G Prasad, D Sparks, M Howells, T Alfstad, S Mwakasonda, B Cowan and E Visagie. ISBN: 0-620-36294-4. Cape Town, Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

Conference paper in published proceedings 1. Winkler, H, Jooste, M & Marquard, A 2010. Structuring approaches to pricing carbon in

energy- and trade-intensive sectors: Options for South Africa. H Winkler, A Marquard and M Jooste (eds) Putting a price on carbon: Economic instruments to mitigate climate change in South Africa and other developing countries, Proceedings of a conference held

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on 23-24 March 2010 in Cape Town. ISBN 978–0–7992–2357-6, Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town. pp. 127-150.

2. Taviv, R, Wise, R, Van der Merwe, M & Winkler, H 2008. Potential for, and costs of, reducing greenhouse gas emissions from nonenergy sources in South Africa. Science real and relevant: 2nd CSIR Biennial Conference. CSIR International Convention Centre Pretoria, 17 & 18 November 2008.

3. Spalding-Fecher, R, Winkler, H, Dick, A, Jeftha, L & Laitner, J A 2003. Modeling economy-wide impacts of investments in industrial energy efficiency: a South African Case Study. Proceedings of the ACEEE Summer Study on Industrial Energy Efficiency (vol. 6), Washington DC, American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy. ISBN no 6-219 - 6-230. .

4. Winkler, H 2001. Energy-Efficiency In Low-Cost Housing: Costs And Benefits Of Global And Local Externalities, proceedings of the Domestic Use of Energy conference, 10-12 April 2001, Cape Technicon.

5. Spalding-Fecher, R, Winkler, H & Tyani, L 2001. Affordability of energy efficient low cost housing - estimating financing and grant requirements. Proceedings of the Domestic Use of Energy conference, Cape Town, 10-12 April. Cape Technikon. pp. 17-20.

Reports published by international organisations

1. Edkins, M, Marquard, A and Winkler, H, 2010. South Africa’s renewable energy policy roadmaps. Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town. Prepared for UNEP.

2. Edkins, M, Marquard, A and Winkler, H, 2010. Assessing the effectiveness of national solar and wind energy policies in South Africa. Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town. Prepared for UNEP.

3. Edkins, M, Winkler, H, Marquard, A and Spalding-Fecher, R. 2010. External cost of electricity generation: Contribution to the Integrated Resource Plan 2 for Electricity

4. Edkins, M T, Winkler, H & Marquard, A 2009. Large-scale rollout of concentrating solar power in South Africa Cambridge, Climate Strategies. http://www.eprg.group.cam.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/edkins_csp.pdf last accessed 19 September 2009.

5. Winkler, H & Marquard, A 2009. Diversification of the productive system in South Africa. Text box in UNDESA (Ed). World Economic and Social Survey 2009: Promoting development, saving the planet. New York, United Nations.

6. Winkler, H 2008. Climate change mitigation negotiations, with an emphasis on options for developing countries. in C Carpenter (ed). The Bali road map: Key issues under negotiation. An Environment & Energy Group publication. New York, United Nations Development Programme. http://www.undp.org/climatechange/docs/UNDP_Mitigation.pdf Accessed 17 October 2008.

7. Ward, M, (ed.), Streck, C, Winkler, H, Jung, M, Hagemann, M, Höhne, N & O’Sullivan, R 2008. The role of sector no-lose targets in scaling up finance for climate change mitigation activities in developing countries. International Climate Division of UK-DEFRA. London, Dept for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.

8. Winkler, H & Marquard, A 2007. Energy development and climate change in South Africa: Decarbonising growth in South Africa. Occasional paper 2007/40, for UNDP's Human Development Report 2007/8: Fighting climate change: Human solidarity in a divided world. New York, Human Development Report Office. http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2007-2008/papers/winkler_harald%20and%20marquard_andrew.pdf .

9. Winkler, H, Mukheibir, P, Mwakasonda, S, Garg, A & Halsnaes, K 2007. Electricity supply options, sustainable development and climate change priorities: Case studies for South Africa. ISBN: 978-87-550-3629-1. Roskilde, UNEP Risø Centre.

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10. Ellis, J, Corfee-Morlot, J & Winkler, H 2004. Taking stock of progress under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Paris, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development/International Energy Agency.

11. Ott, H E, Winkler, H, Brouns, B, Kartha, S, Mace, M, Huq, S, Kameyama, Y, Sari, A P, Pan, J, Sokona, Y, Bhandari, P M, Kassenberg, A, La Rovere, E L & Rahman, A 2004. South-North dialogue on equity in the greenhouse. A proposal for an adequate and equitable global climate agreement. Eschborn, Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit.

12. Chandler, W, Schaeffer, R, Dadi, Z, Shukla, P R, Tudela, F, Davidson, O, Alpan-Atamer, S, Secrest, T J, Logan, J, Szklo, A S, Schuler, M E, Kejun, Z, Yuezhong, Z, Huaqing, X, Mwakasonda, S, Spalding-Fecher, R, Winkler, H & Mukheibir, P 2002. Climate change mitigation in developing countries: Brazil, China, India, Mexico, South Africa, and Turkey. Arlington, Pew Center on Global Climate Change.

Research reports (selected) § Stiglitz, J, Stern, N, Duan, M, Edenhofer, O, Giraud, G, Heal, G, La Rovere, E L, Morris,

A, Moyer, E, Pangestu, M, Shukla, P R, Sokona, Y & Winkler, H 2017. Report of the high-level commission on carbon prices. Supported by the World Bank Group; Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maitrise de l'Energie; Ministere de la transition ecologique et solidaire, Republique Francaise. Washington, Carbon Pricing Leadership Coalition. https://www.carbonpricingleadership.org/report-of-the-highlevel-commission-on-carbon-prices

§ Merven, B, Arndt, C & Winkler, H 2016. The development of a linked modelling framework for analysing socio-economic impacts of energy and climate policies in South Africa. UNU WIDER working paper. Cape Town and Washington, United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER).

§ Trollip, H, Caetano, T, Hughes, A, Altieri, K, Merven, B & Winkler, H 2015. Pathways to deep decarbonisation: South Africa chapter. part of DDPP 2015 final report of the Deep Decarbonization Pathways Project. Cape Town, Paris and New York, Energy Research Centre, with Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) and Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations (IDDRI).

§ Winkler, H, Delgado, R, Palma, R, Pereira, A O, Vasquez Baos, T G, Moyo, A, Wills, W & Salazar, A A V 2014. Information for a developmental approach to mitigation: Linking sectoral and economy-wide models for Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru and South Africa. Joint paper for CDKN project on Linking sectoral and economy-wide models. Cape Town, Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town. Http://www.erc.uct.ac.za.

§ Trollip, H, Winkler, H & Merven, B 2014. Pathways to deep decarbonsiation: South Africa chapter. part of DDPP 2014 interim report of the Deep Decarbonization Pathways Project. Cape Town, Paris and New York, Energy Research Centre, with Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) and Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations (IDDRI). http://unsdsn.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/DDPP_2014_report_South_Africa_chapter.pdf.

§ Martin, B & Winkler, H 2014. Procurement models applied to independent power producer programmes in South Africa. Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town. http://www.erc.uct.ac.za/Research/publications/14-Martin-WInkler-Procument_models_for_IPPs.pdf

§ Merven, B, Moyo, A, Stone, A, Dane, A & Winkler, H 2014. The socio-economic implications of mitigation actions in the power generation sector and carbon taxes in South Africa. Working paper for CDKN project on Linking sectoral and economy-wide models. Cape Town, Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town. Http://www.erc.uct.ac.za

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§ Winkler, H 2014. International requirements for transparency of mitigation actions. Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town. http://www.erc.uct.ac.za/Research/publications/14-Winkler-Transparency_of_MAs.pdf

§ Wlokas, H L, Rennkamp, B, Torres Gunfaus, M, Winkler, H, Boyd, A, Tyler, E & Fedorsky, C 2012. Low Carbon Development and Poverty: Exploring poverty alleviating mitigation action in developing countries. Research Report for MAPS (Mitigation Action Plans and Scenarios). Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town. http://www.mapsprogramme.org/knowledge-sharing/research_lce-and-poverty-paper_120330/

§ Winkler, H & Marquard, A 2012. Methodologies for carbon budgets in South Africa. Report prepared for Sustainable Energy Africa's low -carbon economy work programme in support of the National Planning Commission Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

§ Boyd, A, Rennkamp, B, Winkler, H, Larmour, R, Letete, T, Rahlao, S & Trikam, A 2011. South African approaches to measuring, reporting and verifying: A scoping report. Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

§ Arnell, N, Kram, T, Carter, T, Ebi, K, Edmonds, J, Hallegatte, S, Kriegler, E, Mathur, R, O'Neill, B, Riahi, K, Winkler, H, Van Vuuren, D & Zwickel, T 2011. A framework for a new generation of socioeconomic scenarios for climate change impact, adaptation, vulnerability and mitigation research. Draft for comments. http://www.isp.ucar.edu/sites/default/files/Scenario_FrameworkPaper_15aug11_0.pdf

§ Marquard, A, Trollip, H & Winkler, H 2011. Opportunities for and costs of mitigation in South African economy. Paper for the climate change response science-policy dialogue series. Pretoria, Department of Environmental Affairs.

§ Winkler, H, Letete, T & Marquard, A 2011. A South African approach - responsibility, capability and sustainable development. BASIC experts (Ed). Equitable access to sustainable development: Contribution to the body of scientific knowledge. Beijing, Brasilia, Cape Town and Mumbai, BASIC expert group.

§ Winkler, H, Marquard, A, Tyler, E, Visser, M & Brick, K 2009. Economics of climate change: Context and concepts related to mitigation. Cape Town, Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town. www.erc.uct.ac.za/Research/ECCM/ECCM-intro.htm accessed 30 April 2009.

§ Winkler, H & Marquard, A 2009. Analysis of the implications of a carbon tax. Cape Town, Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

§ Witi, J, Davis, S, Winkler, H & Marquard, A 2009. Low carbon society project: A South African case study. Cape Town, Energy Research Centre.

§ Winkler, H, Marquard, A & Letete, T 2009. Analysis of possible quantified emission reduction commitments by individual Annex I Parties Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

§ Winkler, H (ed) 2007. Long Term Mitigation Scenarios: Technical Report. Prepared by the Energy Research Centre for Department of Environment Affairs and Tourism, Pretoria.

§ Winkler, H, Howells, M & Alfstad, T, 2005. South African energy policies for sustainable development. Report for the International Atomic Energy Agency. Cape Town: Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

§ Winkler, H, Howells, M & Baumert, K 2005. Sustainable development policies and measures: Institutional issues and electrical efficiency in South Africa. Washington DC: Center for Clean Air Policy.

§ Winkler, H, Borchers, M, Hughes, A, Visagie, E & Heinrich, G 2005. Cape Town energy futures: Policies and scenarios for sustainable city energy development. Report done for the COMMEND network. Cape Town: Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

§ Ellis, J, Corfee-Morlot, J & Winkler, H 2004. Taking stock of progress under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). COM/ENV/EPOC/IEA/SLT(2004)4/FINAL. Paris,

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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development/International Energy Agency. www.erc.uct.ac.za/recentpub.htm.

§ Ott, H E, Winkler, H, Brouns, B, Kartha, S, Mace, M, Huq, S, Kameyama, Y, Sari, A P, Pan, J, Sokona, Y, Bhandari, P M, Kassenberg, A, La Rovere, E L & Rahman, A 2004. South-North dialogue on equity in the greenhouse. A proposal for an adequate and equitable global climate agreement. Eschborn, Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit. www.erc.uct.ac.za/recentpub.htm.

§ Mqadi, L, Winkler, H & Kallhauge, A C 2004. South Africa beyond Kyoto. Stockholm, Swedish Energy Agency.

§ Winkler, H 2004. Climate change overview. Final draft input to an evaluation of the GEF climate change programme. Cape Town, Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

§ EDRC 2003, Policies and measures for energy efficiency and renewable energy. Report for the Sustainable Energy & Climate Change Partnership. Cape Town, Energy & Development Research Centre, University of Cape Town. (HW on renewable energy and SA experience)

§ Davidson, O, Mwakasonda, S, Spalding-Fecher, R & Winkler, H 2002. Developing country actions report: South Africa. Energy & Development Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

§ Shukla, P R, Tudela, F, Davidson, O, Mwakasonda, S, Spalding-Fecher, R, Winkler, H, Mukheibir, P, Alpan-Atamer, S, Chandler, W, JSecrest, T, Logan, J, Schaeffer, R, Szklo, A S, Schuler, M E, Dadi, Z, Kejun, Z, Yuezhong, Z, Huaqing, X, 2002. Climate change mitigation in developing countries: Brazil, China, India, Mexico, South Africa, and Turkey. Pew Center on Global Climate Change, Washington DC.

§ Winkler, H & Spalding-Fecher, R 2002. The Johannesburg Plan of Action: a strategic opportunity. Energy sector discussion paper prepared for Development Bank of Southern Africa. Cape Town, Energy & Development Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

§ Borchers, M, Qase, N, Gaunt, T, Mavhungu, J, Winkler, H, Afrane-Okese, Y & Thom, C 2001. National Electrification Programme evaluation: Summary report. Evaluation commissioned by the Department of Minerals & Energy and the Development Bank of Southern Africa. Cape Town, Energy & Development

§ Winkler, H, Mwakasonda, S, Spalding-Fecher, R & Davidson, O 2001. Climate Change and the World Summit on Sustainable Development: background briefing document. Cape Town, Energy & Development Research Centre, University of Cape Town. January.

§ Spalding-Fecher, R, Mwakasonda, S, Winkler, H & Davidson, O 2001. Energy and the World Summit on Sustainable Development: background briefing document. Cape Town, Energy & Development Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

§ Turpie, J, Winkler, H, Spalding-Fecher, R & Midgley, G F 2001. Economic impacts of climate change in South Africa: A preliminary analysis of unmitigated damage costs. Cape Town, Southern Waters Ecological Research & Consulting and Energy & Development Research Centre.

§ Winkler, H & Mavhungu, J 2001. Green power, public benefits and electricity industry restructuring. Energy & Development Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

§ Winkler, H, Spalding-Fecher, R & Tyani, L 2001. What could potential carbon emissions allocation schemes and targets mean for South Africa? Energy & Development Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

§ Winkler, H, Spalding-Fecher, R, Afrane-Okese, Y & Davidson, O 2000. Potential multi-project baselines in the power sector in South Africa. Cape Town, Energy & Development Research Centre and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.

§ Winkler, H, Spalding-Fecher, R, Tyani, L & Matibe, K 2000. Cost-benefit analysis of energy-efficiency in low-cost housing. In D Irurah (ed.) 2000. Energy & Development Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

§ Common Ground Consulting 2000. Palmiet Catchment Management Plan: Draft for Discussion, Palmiet Steering Committee

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§ Common Ground Consulting 1999. Port of Durban Proposed Container Terminal Expansion: Environmental Impact Report, Study commissioned by Portnet, Durban, considered by Stakeholder Forum, for submission to the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism

§ Common Ground Consulting 1999. Management Policy for the Cape Peninsula National Park

External reviews of research reports International organisations that have invited reviews of chapters, papers and tools

• Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change – Synthesis Report for Fourth Assessment

• World Resources Institute – review of Climate Analysis Indicator Tool (CAIT) • International Energy Agency (IEA) – review of World Energy Outlook 2006 ‘Beyond

the Alternative Policy Scenario’ • Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD): Annex I Expert

Group • American Council for an Energy Efficiency Economy (ACEEE): Summer Study

programme

Presentations of research • Common but differentiated responsibilties and respective capabilities: Current situation,

3 possible approaches and implications, Invited presentation at side event organised by Oxfam on Closing the equity gap, Doha, 28 November 2012

• Low carbon energy development. Invited presentation at Future Earth, Cape Town, 1 November 2012.

• Long-Term Mitigation Scenarios: The South African experience presentation with Stefan Raubenheimer to a meeting of government officials, Brasilia, Ministry of Environment, 19 September 2012

• MAPS, in the context of NAMA development. Presentation with Anya Boyd and Marta Torres at side event to UNFCCC negotiations hosted by climatepolicy, Bonn, 19 May 2012

• New market mechanism and sustainable development. Presentation at side event to UNFCCC negotiations, hosted by Wuppertal Institute, Bonn, 18 May 2012

• Planning for low-carbon development: Coal, renewables and co-benefits. Presentation at Centre for Policy Studies, New Delhi, 11 April 2012

• Methodologies for carbon budgets in South Africa. Presentation with Andrew Marquard at roundtable of Sustainable Energy Africa low-carbon economy work programme in support of the National Planning Commission, 5 April 2012

• Outcomes of COP 17 and CMP7, Keynote Address at the Domestic Use of Energy conference, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 3 April 2012

• Reflections on Durban, invited presentation at Perspectives on COP17 meeting convened by the Diocese of Cape Town Environmental Group and the Southern African Faith Commuities’ Environment Institute, 8 March 2012

• What happened in the climate negotiations in Durban: Focus on mitigation. ACDI / SEA / CPSL seminar, University of Cape Town, 24 January 2012

• Equitable access to sustainable development. Presentation of a joint paper by experts from BASIC countries (Brazil, South Africa, India, China) for the BASIC Expert Group, side event at COP-17, Durban, 3 December 2011

• Climate change negotiations – COP 17 and CMP 7 in Durban Invited presentation to Climate Change Media Training Workshop, Western Cape Government, 8 November 2011

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• Climate change mitigation in the context of development Inaugural lecture as Professor at UCT, 17 August 2011

• Panelist in discussion at G20 Development Conference Infrastructure for Inclusive Growth, 29 June 2011

• Presentation on behalf of the South African delegation on South Africa’s commitment to act, at a UNFCCC Workshop on nationally appropriate mitigation actions submitted by developing country Parties, underlying assumptions, and any support needed for implementation of these actions, as requested by decision 1/CP.16, paragraph 51, Bangkok, 4 April 2011

• Exploring policy implications and ‘tough choices’ in the transition to a low-carbon and climate resilient economy and society: Energy and electricity. Invitited presentation at a high-level dialogue on a transition to a low-carbon economy, National Planning Commission, 1 March 2011

• Climate change mitigation Invited presentation to National Treasury, Pretoria, 18 November 2010

• Energy and climate policy: From the minerals-energy complex to a low-carbon and climate resilient economy and society, Presentation at a joint ERC and School of Economics seminar at UCT, 19 October 2010

• What does a carbon-constrained future look like? And what does it mean for fossil fuel-based utilities like Eskom? Invited presentation to the Eskom Top60 break-away, 15 July 2010

• Equity in the Greenhouse: Starting from development in fighting climate change. Invited presentation to Development Dialogue, convened by Isandla, 1 July 2010

• What really happened in Copenhagen? COP 15: A debrief. Invited presentation to conference convened by Central Energy Fund, 20 April 2010

• Participant (no presentation) at Delhi High Level Conference on Climate Change: Technology Development and Transfer, co-organised by Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, and UNDESA, October 22-23, 2009

• Aiming at Copenhagen. Presentation at ERC seminar, for broader UCT and Cape Town audience, 5 August 2009

• Copenhagen and pro-poor development, invited presentation to Environment Seminar at UCT Law Faculty, 7 May 2009

• Quantified emission reduction commitments by individual Annex I Parties Presentation on behalf of South Africa; UNFCCC workshop on ‘Issues relating to scale of emission reductions to be achieved by Annex I Parties’, Ad hoc Working Group on further commitments for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol, seventh session, Bonn, Germany, 27 March 2009

• Economics of climate change: Context and concepts related to mitigation, presentation at ERC workshop at the 2009 Climate Change Summit, Midrand, 4 March 2009

• A Carbon tax for South Africa? Presentation by Andrew Marquard and Harald Winkler at a side event on ‘Putting a price on carbon’ at the 2009 Climate Change Summit, Midrand, 3 March 2009

• Mitigation in the context of development, Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, invited presentation at Humboldt Conference, 14 January 2009, Kirstenbosch, Cape Town

• Trends in energy and global climate change: Implications for South Africa, invited keynote address, Sustainable Energy Africa seminar, Cape Town, 19 January 2009

• Mitigation: dealing with the root cause of climate change, presentation to a course organized by Sustainable Energy Africa for local government, on ‘Energy and sustainable urban development’, 10 November 2008

• Introduction of climate policy challenges and opportunities for land-use projects, invited presentation to workshop by the Climate Action Partnership, 8 September 2008, Kirstenbosch, Cape Town

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• Long-Term Mitigation Scenarios: Challenges and opportunities of fighting climate change challenge, Presentation to Institute for Futures Research’s Annual Cape Town Conference, 1 August 2008

• Mitigation is an energy issue in South Africa presentation at Goedgedacht Forum for Social Reflection, on ‘Setting energy policy that will unlock South Africa’s economic potential in a low-carbon era’, Goedgedacht, Western Cape, 19 July 2008.

• Mitigation: dealing with the root cause of climate change, lecture to Masters course in UCT Conservation Biology on ‘Climate change impacts: Transforming society’, 26 June 2008

• Why does the world need carbon planning? Invited address to the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum, Plenary Meeting 14 April 2008, Cape Town

• Measurable, reportable and verifiable: Sustainable development policies and measures, invited presentation to the Annex I Expert Group, organized by the OECD, Paris, 5-6 May 2008

• Sustainable development policies and measures: A strategic approach to long-term cooperative action now, up to and beyond 2012, presentation as an expert from South Africa, at workshop on Sectoral Approaches, Major Economies Meeting, 16 April 2008, Paris

• Options for climate change mitigation in South Africa’s electricity sector, invited presentation to Eskom Research Conference, Midrand, 6 March 2008.

• Architecture for long term climate change cooperation based on equity and common but differentiated responsibilities, invited presentation to an International Workshop on ‘Adaptation and Mitigation Options for Global Cooperation Developing Countries’ Perspectives’, organized by The Energy Research Institute (India), New Delhi, 25-26 February 2008

• Science, politics and the South African context of climate change lecture at UCT Summer School course on ‘Climate change impacts: Transforming society’, 28 January 2008

• Sustainable development policies and measures: Approaches, financing and post-2012, invited presentation at an OECD-organised side-event at COP-13 in Bali Indonesia, 7 December 2009

• Climate change mitigation in South Africa: Challenges and opportunities, invited presentation to the Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability (CURES) Climate Change workshop, Johannesburg, 21 October 2007

• Policies for sustainable development: Approaches, examples, financing and post-2012 invited presentation at ‘CDM 2.0’ conference, Brussels, 15th October 2007

• South African policy responses and options, invited presentation to Prince of Wales’ Business and Environment Programme executive seminar, Cape Town, 22 May 2007.

• Mitigation (bending the curve). Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, presentation at ERC seminar on the IPCC’s Fourth Assessment Report, University of Cape Town, 8 May 2007

• Climate change, global response & UNFCCC negotiations, invited by Designated National Authority for the CDM to give opening presentation at Western Cape CDM Provincial Workshop, 3 October 2006, Cape Town.

• Sustainable development policies and measures: Concept and methods for a strategic approach for enhancing the climate regime post-2012; invited to speak in plenary of an international workshop on "Integrated development and climate policies: how to realise benefits at national and international level?”; hosted by MNP (Netherlands), IDDRI (France), ERC, UNEP Riso Centre, Plant Research Institute and IGES (Japan), 20-22 September 2006, Paris.

• Advancing development goals in a sustainable manner, invited to speak at Chatham House, conference Climate change in a post-2012 world; 26-27 June 2006, London.

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• Sustainable development and mitigation, invited to present findings of IPCC chapter to plenary of an international Industry Expert Review Meeting to IPCC AR4 WGIII, 17-19 January 2006, co-hosted by Eskom and IPCC, Cape Town.

• Sustainable development policies and measures and post -2012 climate regime; invited by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (Canada), to present at their event on ‘Canada and the Post-2012 Climate Change Regime’ during COP-11, 3 December 2005, Montréal.

• Climate change mitigation in South Africa: Challenges and opportunities; invited to speak at plenary of the first major stakeholder conference on climate change, National Climate Change Conference, 17-19 October 2005, Midrand.

• Sustainable development policies and measures; invited to present in plenary at a Dialogue on Future International Actions to Address Global Climate Change, hosted by Govt of Peru and Center for Clean Air Policy; 9-12 October 2005, Lima.

• Overview of different approaches to future commitments; invited to present to SASOL energy scenarios workshop, 23 November 2004, Johannesburg.

• Equity in the greenhouse; invited by DG Environment to present to the European Commission to discussions with several Directorates-General, on post-2012 climate policy for the EU; 27 October 2004, Brussels.

• Overview of different approaches to future commitments: Implications for South Africa, presentation to the first debate on the issue at the National Committee on Climate Change, 19 August 2004, Pretoria.

• Differentiation and mitigation commitments; invited to present in plenary at a Dialogue on Future International Actions to Address Global Climate Change, hosted by Govt of Mexico and Center for Clean Air Policy; 16 - 19 November 2004, Mexico City.

• Future commitments and implications for Southern Africa, invited to present to the Southern African Regional Climate Action Network (NGO network); 26 August 2004, Johannesburg.

• CDM as a bridge to the future: Relevance of experience to date for future actions; invited by the OECD to present at their event at the Subsidiary Body Meeting to the UNFCCC, 17 June 2004, Bonn.

• Poverty and climate change: links to adaptation and mitigation; invited to present in plenary at a Dialogue on Future International Actions to Address Global Climate Change, hosted by Govt of Sweden and Center for Clean Air Policy; 16 - 19 November 2004, Sigtuna, Sweden.

• City policies and measures for sustainable energy; invited to present at the City Energy Strategies Conference 19 - 21 November 2003, Cape Town.

• Sustainable development policies and measures; invited plenary presentation at an International Workshop, on Preventing Dangerous Climate Change, Adaptation, Equity and Sustainable Development; hosted by WWF International and Tsinghua University; 27-28 October 2003, Beijing.

• Hybrid Carbon Intensity and Sustainable development policies and measures / sectoral CDM, invited plenary presentation at a Dialogue on Future International Actions to Address Global Climate Change, hosted by South Korea and Center for Clean Air Policy; 20-23 October 2003, Jeju Island, Korea.

• Socio-economic dimensions of climate change; invited to present at South Africa-United States bilateral meeting on climate change, 28-29 July 2003, near Pretoria.

• Applying ‘approved’ methodologies, invited plenary presentation to Joint Workshop of the CDM Executive Board, Accreditation Panel and Methodolory Panel; 21-22 March 2003, Bonn.

• Will power sector reform be bad for climate change? Presentation at COP-8 on Electricity Restructuring and the Climate Agenda: A Missing Link; 31 October 2002, New Delhi.

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• Baselines for CDM projects; invited to presented at international Project Development Forum hosted by World Business Council on Sustainable Development and Eskom, 7 & 8 May 2002, Midrand.

• South Africa’s situation relating to climate change and energy; Presentation to a joint session of the Parliamentary Portfolio Committees on Minerals & Energy, Environment & Tourism, Trade & Industry; 28 August 2001, Cape Town.

• Potential Standardised Baselines in the Power Generation Sector in South Africa; presentation at side-event during COP-6, 14 November 2000; Den Haag.

Academic theses 2006 Energy policies for sustainable development in South Africa’s residential and electricity sectors: Implications for mitigating climate change, PhD thesis, University of Cape Town 1998 Land Capability Classification on the West Coast of South Africa (using GIS), MSc thesis, Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley 1989 The Divided Roots of Lutheranism: A Critical Overview of the Social History of the German-Speaking Lutheran Missions and the Churches originating from their Work in South Africa, MA thesis, Department of Religious Studies, University of Cape Town 1987 The Social Basis of the Reformation, honour thesis, Department of Religious Studies, University of Cape Town

Popular publications Publishing in newspapers, magazines, newsletters and other popular publications brings research findings to the public attention. From 2007 to 2011, I started writing a monthly column on energy and climate change issues, titled Hot Spot, for Engineering news. The column was also published on the web, see http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/page/dr-harald-winkler From time to time, I have written op-ed and other pieces in newspapers and other forms of popular media. I actively contribute to the ERC blog http://ercblogs.co.za/ as well the MAPS web-site www.mapsprogramme.org

Teaching and supervision

Supervision of post-graduate students

Current students • Thapelo Letete, PhD (supervisor, co-supervisor Brian Mantlana, DEA) • Bruno Merven, PhD (co-supervisor, main supervisor Channing Arndt, UNU-WIDER) • Heather Mahachi, MSc (ACDI); Towards zero emissions and zero poverty; an

analytical comparison of Mexico, India and South Africa’s low emissions development strategies

• James Reeler, MSc (ACDI), quantitive analysis of income inequality and climate change mitigation.

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• Michelle du Toit. MPhil (Environmental Humanities), The Implementation of Africa’s NDCs: Who knows best? (co-supervisor; primary supervisor Horman Chitonge)

Graduated students 2018 Randall Spalding-Fecher, PhD, Impact of climate change and irrigation development on hydropower supply in the Zambezi River Basin, and implications for power sector development in the Southern African Power Pool 2017 Brenda Martin, MPhil The politics of electricity planning in South Africa: A review

of dominant advocacy coalitions seeking to influence the Integrated Resource Plan of 2010 (IRP2010), and its update in 2013.

2016 Kim Coetzee, PhD, The Elephant in the Room: The Rise and Role of India in the Climate Change Negotiations (supervisor, co-supervisor Karen Smith, UCT Political studies)

2010 Jongikhaya Witi, MSc, low carbon society in SA 2010 Anya Boyd, MSc, technology mechanism bottom-up (co-supervisor) 2009 Warren Morse, MSc, requirements of large-scale CSP in SA 2009 Alastair Stewart – MSc, solar water heaters 2008 Jonathan Manley – MSc, post-2012 climate policy 2006 Rebecca White – MPhil thesis (Environmental & Geographical Science): wind

economics in the Western Cape 2005 Ndumiso Dlamini – MSc thesis: Energy indicators for sustainable development 2001 Jason Schäffler – MSc thesis: distributed wind generation (co-supervisor)

External examiner and review • PhD thesis by Dieter Mayr, 2015, University of Natural Resources and Life

Science, Vienna, Austria; “Integrated policy analysis of residential photovoltaics”

• PhD proposal by Ricardo Delgado, 2015, UniAndes, Bogota, Colombia • “Methodological proposal for evaluation of economic impacts of climate

change mitigation and adaptation measures in the Colombian energy sector”, • External assessment of Assoc Prof J P A Brew Hammond - Promotion to

Professor, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), 2013.

• PhD thesis by Roula Inglesi-Lotz, 2011, University of Pretoria, “A sectoral benchmark-and-trade system to improve electricity efficiency in South Africa”

• PhD thesis by WP Nel, 2009, University of Johannesburg, “Impacts of primary energy constraints in the 21st century”

• MSc thesis by Lyzanne de Bruin, 2008, University of Johannesburg, “Effectiveness of passive energy interventions in improving physical learning environments in South African schools”

Courses taught

Energy & Climate Change (MEC 5090Z) During 2001-2003: Developed course together with Prof OR Davidson; taught significant sections.

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From 2004: Took over coordination of course after departure of Prof Davidson; taught intermittently after merger between EDRC and ERI. 2006 – 2009: Course convenor, revived course in 2006 after break Lectured in the course on the following topics: History and politics of climate change; long-term mitigation; mitigation in energy use – industry, transport, buildings; mitigation and energy supply – electricity and liquid fuels; climate change and sustainable development; costing and externalities; flexible mechanisms; economic instruments for mitigation; economics of CDM projects; technology transfer and climate change.

Introduction to Energy Policy (MEC 5091Z) Lectured on: energy reform, renewable energy policy; energy and climate policy; environmental economics and energy.

ACDI Masters

MPhil in Environmental & Geographical Science (EGS 508W) Short series of lectures from 2001 to 2004: history and politics of climate change; introduction to climate science; emissions and mitigation; instruments for climate change mitigation.

Management and fund-raising

Positions in University management and administration

Within Energy Research Centre (ERC) Director (Aprill 2013 – March 2018) Programme leader: Energy, Environment and Climate Change, in the Energy Research Centre (2003-2013)

Within the University of Cape Town Member of Steering Committee for the African Climate and Development Initiative (from inception in 2011 – present) Member of Free Education Planning Group (2017 – present) Member of Senate (2011 - present)

Within the Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Member of the Committee of Assessors for PhDs (2016 – present) Member of working group on Future Energy (2016 – present) Member of the Faculty Research Committee (2006 - 2015) Member of the Faculty Board (2000- present)

Within the Department of Mechanical Engineering Member of Departmental Research Committee (2015- present)

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Fund-raising for ERC research projects Prof Winkler has raised substantial funds for ERC and associated programmes. In 2010, a major programme (MAPS) was successfully proposed with SSN, with funding of US$10 million over the period mid-2010 to end 2013. The core costs to ERC from the MAPS programme are R14 million, plus other direct expenditure. From 2004 to 2012, successful project proposals for ERC had raised a total of value of over R 35 million – close to R 2 million in 2004, R 3 million in 2005 and again in 2006, R4 million in 2007, over R 2.5 million in 2008, in 2009 R 4 million. The values are attributed to years in which contracts were signed, but often the work runs over year-ends. Other ERC colleagues have been involved in proposal writing, particularly from my research group, but these are projects which I have led / been primarily responsible for. The project funds have been a mix of international and national funds; with sources varying between international institutions, government and NGOs.