sultanate architecture

“He who holds Delhi, holds India”

Mamluks (1191-1290 A.D.)

*Khaljis (1290-1320 A.D.)

*Tughlaqs (1320-1413 A.D.)

*Sayyids (1414-1451 A.D.)

*Lodis (1451-1526 A.D.)

Mamluks

Qutubuddin Aibak

Illtutmish

Balban

Dhai din ka JhonpraQuwwat-ul-Islam Qutub Minar

Quwwat-ul-Islam (Extension)Qutub Minar (Extension)Sultan Ghari’s TombIlltutmish’s TombLal Mahal

Balban’s Tomb

Quwwat-ul IslamMosque

Qutub Minar

Initial Style of Construction of Dome and Arch

Stellate

Circular

Start-Shaped

Round

Round

Qutub Minar: Projections

Stalactite bracketing underneath the balconies by which the projections are

supported and their weight transmitted to the body of the structure. It is

represented by means of cluster of miniature arches, or small alcoves, with

brackets in between.

Sultan Ghari’s Tomb(considered as the first Muslim tomb built in India)

Illtutmish’s Tomb

Lal Mahal

Balban’sTomb

Khaljis

Alauddin Khalji

Alai MinarAlai DarwazaJamaat Khana MosqueCity of Siri & the FortHauz Khas

1

2

3

1. Qutubuddin Aibak2. Illtutumish3. Alauddin Khalji

Jamaat Khana Mosque

Lal Mahal

Jamaat Khana

Tilangani’s Tomb

Kalan Masjid

Chaunsath Khamba

Jamaat Khana Mosque

Siri

Hauz Khas

Tughlaqs

Ghiyasud-din Tughlaq

Mohammed bin Tughlaq

Firoz Shah Tughlaq

City of Tughlaqabad Tomb of Ghiyasud-din Tughlaq

AdilabadSatpulaCity of JahanpanahBijai MandalDaulatabadFiruzabad

MosquesTombs

Tughlaqabad construction started on 1321 A.D. and was completed in 1323 A.D. It is irregular half hexagon in shape.Walls of the fort are built of massive blocks of stones. Bastions at the corners of the fort. Tughluqabad is divided into three parts;1) the wider city area with houses built along a rectangular grid between its gates2) the citadel with a tower at its highest point known as Bijai-Mandal and the remains of several halls and a long underground passage3) the adjacent palace area containing the royal residences. A long underground passage below the tower still remains.

Tomb of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq was situated in the midst of an artificial lake fed by overflowing water by the river which also acted as a natural tool for defense. It is surrounded by a pentagonal outwork and is connected to the fortress through a causeway. The walls are inclined to an angle of around 75 deg. ( a slope of 2.33p per foot@38.5feet high).

Adilabad

This is a pendant fort to the Tughlaqabad built by Mohammad bin Tughlaq who called himself “Adil” meaning “just” . The citadel is built on an elevated position. Main gateway is also the entrance to the citadel. It was connected to the Tughlaqabad Fort through a waterway. In the citadel of this fort was the famous palace of Hazar Sathun or the palace of thousand pillars. The pillars were of marble or wood.

Muhammad bin Tughlaq enclosed the whole of the are lying between Qila Rai Pithora and Siri and formed a new city called Jahanpanah not to protect it from other invaders but just to perpetuate his name as the founder of a new city.

There were 13 gates to the city.Was spcially designed for reigning sultan for his intention to connect all 4 cities but sadlt he abandoned its completion.

Bijai Mandal: Used as a tower and a royal stand on gala occasions.

Satpula: A water reservoir

Daulatabad is a 14th century fort city in Maharashtra, India, about 16 kilometers northwest of Aurangabad. The place, was once as known as Deogiri.Starting 1327, it famously remained the capital of Tughlaq dynasty, under Muhammad bin Tughluq (r. 1325-1351), who also changed its name, and forcibily moved the entire population of Delhi here, for two years, before it was abandoned due to lack of water.

Firuzabad

The city was founded in 1400 by Firuz Shah Tughlaq. The site is located on the banks of the Yamuna riverand consists of massive fortification walls which enclose the city on three sides. There are several buildings still standing within the city, the most impressive being the Jami Masjid which includes a huge rectangular courtyard entered via a domed gateway. Next to the Jami Masjid is the main palace area which comprises a series of interconnecting courtyards enclosed within high walls. Other standing monuments include several vaulted chambers, bath houses and a small mosque. The buildings are built in the local Sultanate style with flattened domes, bulbous finials and tapering bartered walls. There is also a notable Central Asian influence in the layout and architecture of the city.

Firuzabad

Tomb of Tilangani

Firuz Shah Tughlaq’s tomb is in the middle of a madrasa he commissioned, overlooking a tank of water known as Hauz Khas. The tomb's plain style is faithful to the austerity of much of Tughlaq building. The simple 15 foot square structure is built of ashlar walls finished with lime plaster with arched entrances and merlons along the parapet. Above the parapet rises an octagonal drum, which supports a shallow and slightly pointed dome.