sulfur cycle ch 7 part 6. sulfur cycle describes the routes that sulfur atoms take though the...

Sulfur Cycle Ch 7 Part 6

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Sulfur Cycle Ch 7 Part 6

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Sulfur Cycle• Describes the routes that sulfur atoms take

though the environment

• “Sedimentary Cycle”– Much of the sulfur is tied up in underground rocks &

is primarily released through geological activity• Its then used by plants (& subsequently animals)

– Sulfur is mostly taken up by plants as sulfate (SO42-) & used for

amino acids.» It is eventually redeposited into the ground.

• Has a gaseous phase– b/c it is a non-metal

• So, it is faster than those cycles without a gaseous phase (ex. phosphorous)

Page 3: Sulfur Cycle Ch 7 Part 6. Sulfur Cycle Describes the routes that sulfur atoms take though the environment “Sedimentary Cycle” –Much of the sulfur is tied

•Much of Earth’s sulfur is stored underground in rocks & minerals

•including sulfate (SO4

2-) salts•buried deep under ocean sediments

Page 4: Sulfur Cycle Ch 7 Part 6. Sulfur Cycle Describes the routes that sulfur atoms take though the environment “Sedimentary Cycle” –Much of the sulfur is tied

Sulfur Cycle: How Does Sulfur Enter the Atmosphere?• As hydrogen sulfide (H2S)

– Colorless, highly poisonous gas

– Rotten-egg smell

– During:

• volcanic eruptions

(& hydrothermal vents)

• decomposition

– Anaerobic

» in swamps, bogs, tidal flats

• As sulfur dioxide (SO2)– Colorless, suffocating gas

– During:

• Volcanic eruptions

• Burning fossil fuels

• As sulfate (SO42-) salts

– From sea-spray

Page 5: Sulfur Cycle Ch 7 Part 6. Sulfur Cycle Describes the routes that sulfur atoms take though the environment “Sedimentary Cycle” –Much of the sulfur is tied

The Sulfur Cycle

• Certain marine algae produce large amounts of volatile dimethyl sulfide (DMS or CH3SCH3)– Serve as

condensation nuclei for water droplets

• Can affect cloud cover & climate

Page 6: Sulfur Cycle Ch 7 Part 6. Sulfur Cycle Describes the routes that sulfur atoms take though the environment “Sedimentary Cycle” –Much of the sulfur is tied

Sulfur Dioxide in the Atmosphere• Sulfur dioxide (SO2)

reacts with oxygen to produce sulfur trioxide (SO3) gas

• Reacts with water vapor to make H2SO4 (a weak sulfuric acid)– which is then carried

to Earth in rainfall (acid deposition)• Harms trees &

aquatic life

Page 7: Sulfur Cycle Ch 7 Part 6. Sulfur Cycle Describes the routes that sulfur atoms take though the environment “Sedimentary Cycle” –Much of the sulfur is tied

Human Effects on the Sulfur Cycle• 1/3 of all sulfur

released is due to human activity– Add sulfur dioxide to

atmosphere by:• Burning coal and oil

– Produces sulfuric acid

• Refining sulfur-containing petroleum

• Mining & converting sulfur-containing metallic ores into free metals

– copper, lead, & zinc

Page 8: Sulfur Cycle Ch 7 Part 6. Sulfur Cycle Describes the routes that sulfur atoms take though the environment “Sedimentary Cycle” –Much of the sulfur is tied

Ocean

Hydrogen sulfide

Industries

Volcano

Oxygen

Water AmmoniaSulfur trioxide Sulfuric acid Acidic fog and precipitation

Ammonium sulfate

Plants

Animals

Sulfate salts

Hydrogen sulfide

SulfurDecaying matterMetallicSulfidedeposits

Dimethyl sulfide

Sulfur dioxide

Fig. 3-30, p. 60

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