sugar beet yields and soil moisture measurements in an alley
TRANSCRIPT
SUGAR BEET YIELDS AND SOIL MOISTURE
MEASUREMENTS IN AN ALLEY CROPPING SYSTEM
JACONETTE MIRCK, MICHAEL KANZLER, CHRISTIAN BOEHM, DIRK FREESE
BRANDENBURG UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY COTTBUS-SENFTENBERG
EURAF AGROFORESTRY 2016
MAY 23-25TH 2016
OUTLINE
• Interactions tree and crop component
• Objectives
• Field site in Neu Sacro
• Materials and methods sugar beet yield measurements
• Results yield measurements
• Material and methods soil moisture measurements
• Results Soil moisture
• Conclusions
© Mirck 2015
© Mirck 2015
MICRO CLIMATE ALLEY CROPPING SYSTEMS
Wind speed
Shade
Wind and water erosion
Temperature extremes
Evaporation
Dew
Soil moisture of topsoil Delayed snow melt
(Gruenewald et al. 2010)
OBJECTIVES
• Determine the effect of tree hedgerows on sugar beet yield.
• Correlate soil moisture values with sugar beet yields
EXPERIMENTAL SITE IN NEU SACRO (LAUSITZ)
© Kanzler, 2015
96m 48m
24m
96m 48m Source: Freese
WEATHER
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Mon
thly
Prec
ipita
tion
(mm
)
0
20
40
60
80
1001985-2014Reference Site96m 48m 24m
METHODS – SUGAR BEET YIELDS
• Harvest between 30th Sept and 6th Oct 2015
• 3 western crop alleys, reference site
• Sampling plots 3-5 m2, consisted of 3 rows and 8 sugar beets long
• 96m and 48m: 3m, 12m lee- and windward side and middle
• 24m: 3m lee- and windward and middle
• Reference site: sugar beet area
• 6 replications • Avoided sand pockets
Sampling Plot
N
100 m
Sugar Beet area
Agroforestry Reference
96m 48m
24m
METHODS – SUGAR BEET YIELDS
X O X X X X X X X X X X O X
X = Sugar beet for fresh weight:
Plot design:
O = Sugar beet for dry weight:
1
2
1
2
1 2 2
1
105 °C
RESULTS – YIELD BEETS
Lee- ward
Wind- ward
EXPERIMENTAL SITE IN NEU SACRO (LAUSITZ)
0.75m 0.75m 0.75m 0.75m 1.8m 1.8m 1.8m
8.4m 1.3m 1.3m
Buffe
r zon
e
Buffe
r zon
e
RESULTS – YIELD AGROFORESTRY VS REFERENCE, 96M
A
Distance
0 20 40 60 80
Suga
r Bee
t Yie
ld (M
g/ha
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
MeasuredExtrapolated
RESULTS – YIELD AGROFORESTRY VS REFERENCE, 96M
A
Distance
0 20 40 60 80
Suga
r Bee
t Yie
ld (M
g/ha
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
MeasuredExtrapolated
19.25
RESULTS – YIELD AGROFORESTRY VS REFERENCE, 96M
A
Distance
0 20 40 60 80
Suga
r Bee
t Yie
ld (M
g/ha
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
MeasuredExtrapolated
19.25
16.44
RESULTS – YIELD AGROFORESTRY VS REFERENCE, 96M
A
Distance
0 20 40 60 80
Suga
r Bee
t Yie
ld (M
g/ha
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
MeasuredExtrapolated
19.25
16.44 17.27
RESULTS – YIELD AGROFORESTRY VS REFERENCE, 96M
A
Distance
0 20 40 60 80
Suga
r Bee
t Yie
ld (M
g/ha
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
MeasuredExtrapolated
19.25
16.44 17.27
@90% area 5%
RESULTS – YIELD AGROFORESTRY VS REFERENCE, 48M
B
Distance
0 10 20 30 40
Suga
r Bee
t Yie
ld (M
g/ha
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
MeasuredExtrapolated
20.37
16.44 16.57
RESULTS – YIELD AGROFORESTRY VS REFERENCE, 48M
B
Distance
0 10 20 30 40
Suga
r Bee
t Yie
ld (M
g/ha
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
MeasuredExtrapolated
20.37
16.44 16.57
@81% area 1%
RESULTS – YIELD AGROFORESTRY VS REFERENCE, 24M
C
Distance
0 5 10 15 20
Suga
r Bee
t Yie
ld (M
g/ha
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
MeasuredExtrapolated
18.94
16.44
12.99
RESULTS – YIELD AGROFORESTRY VS REFERENCE, 24M
C
Distance
0 5 10 15 20
Suga
r Bee
t Yie
ld (M
g/ha
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
MeasuredExtrapolated
18.94
16.44
12.99 @69% area -21%
METHODS – SOIL MOISTURE • Used TRIME TDR Sensor (IMKO), 15 cm
depth • Between Jun 1 and Aug 24 • Bi-weekly basis • 4 transects covering 96m, 48m and 24m
alleys
2 3 5 6 8 9 11 12
53 52 50 49 47 46 44 43
56 57 59 60 62 63 65 66
107 106 104 103 101 100 98 97
14 15 19 20
41 40 36 35
68 69 73 74
95 94 90 89
22 23 25 26
33 32 30 29
76 77 79 80
87 86 84 83
Pappel
Pappel
Pappel
Pappel
7
48
61
102
24
31
78
85
17
38
71
92
13
42
67
96
54
1
82
81
28
27
88
75
34
21
55
108
3 9 21 21 39 39 48 9 3 9 3 9 24 3 9 9 3 3 12 12
4
51
58
105
10
45
64
99
16
39
70
93
18
37
72
91
12 12 12
96m 48m 24m
Distance from Hedgerow
SOIL MOISTURE RESULTS
CONCLUSIONS • Lower sugar beet yields close (3m) to hedgerow due to
• Competition for light, water and nutrients
• Weed competition
• Lack of soil tillage
• Greater sugar beet yields at 12m distance due to • Reduced temperature extremes
• Reduced evapotranspiration
• Reduced erosion
• Greater soil moisture values for 48m alley close to hedgerow on leeward side agreed with greater sugar beet yields at 3m and 12m from hedgerow
• Sugar beet yields per ha in comparison to reference site: • 96m at 90% area +5%
• 48m at 81% area +1%
• 24m at 69% area -21%
www.agforward.eu
Acknowledgements Thanks to Michael Kanzler, Christian Böhm, Penka Tsonkova, Diana Seserman, Julius Werwol, Maria Piehl, Martin Beesk, Anika Lemm and Erik Weiss
Thank you for your attention!
European Union’s Seventh Framework Program for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 613520
Brandenburg Research Academy and International Network – Marie Curie Co-Fund