sugar and fodder beets for stock and sucrose
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Sugar and Fodder Beets for Stock and Sucrose. Three Classes of Field Beets. Mangels (Mangolds, Mangel-Wurzel) Fodder Beets True Sugar Beets. History of Field Beet Cropping. Development in 17 th and 18 th century Resulted in the “Gin Craze” - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Sugar and Fodder Beets for Stock and Sucrose
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Three Classes of Field Beets
Mangels (Mangolds, Mangel-Wurzel) Fodder Beets True Sugar Beets
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History of Field Beet Cropping Development in
17th and 18th century
Resulted in the “Gin Craze”
Used as an alternate sugarmaking stock in France under Napoleon
Now a major source of sugar and ethanol stock worldwide
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Our Project Objectives:
Evaluate several non-GMO varieties for crop performance in an organic, diversified small farm setting
Develop a method of storing and processing beets, both for stock feed and value-added applications
Evaluate quality and marketability of final products and potential impacts on farm viability
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Objective #1: Cropping
2010: Cropped 5 tons of mangels (red mammoth and yellow cylindrical) on ¼ acre.
2011: Planted 1 acre beet trial plot. Heavy spring rains rotted 80% the seedbed. Plot abandoned.
2012: Planted 1 acre beet trial plot on better-drained land. Heavy spring rains rotted 40% of the seedbed. Plot carried through to harvest
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Field Beet general growing practices
Seed early (April if possible) Seek a well drained location, but beets grow in
a range of soil types Thin to one beet per 1-1.5 row feet Harvest in November for the highest weight
and sugar content Field beet classes vary in their ease of harvest On-farm winter storage of large quantities of
beets is easily accomplished with a clamp
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Our Non-GMO trial varieties
Variety Yield per Acre, tons
Sugar content at harvest
Extracted juice sugar content
Notes
Scottish Fodder Beet
20.2 13% 17% Easiest harvest
Shumway's Giant Half Sugar Type
17.2 18% 22% Strongest germination
Monsterbuck Non-GMO deer bait sugar beet
14.6 17% 21% Weakest all-around performer
Betaseed experimenal energy beet #2
18.2 18% 22%
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Storing and Feeding Field Beets
Use a “Clamp.” Feed beets whole or chop Process with a juicer and dry expelled pulp
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Nutritional Properties of Field BeetsDietary Dry Matter
Total Digestible Nutrients
Crude Protein(DDM Basis)
Neutral Detergent Fiber(DDM Basis)
Acid Detergent Fiber(DDM Basis)
Sugarbeet Pulp
26.1% 76.1 6.6 45.4 27.4
Whole Root 23.8% 86.8 3.3 15.4 6.7
Whole Tops 36.7% 65.2 10.9 50.8 24
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Our Attempted Sugar Making
Diffusion method - slicing and steeping
Centrifuge method –using a large vegetable juicer
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Sugarmaking, Part 2
Boiling (similar to maple syrup) to crystalization temperature
Pan seeding Cleaning and evaluation of crystals
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What We Learned
Field beets are a fairly easy grow if you have well-drained soil, but thinning and harvest are demanding
Non-GMO field beets had yields and nutritional parameters within standard national (GMO) ranges in an organic system
Non-GMO beet pulp is a possible value-added crop, if a drying system is available
Sugarmaking is challenging due to persistent off-flavors we were unable to eliminate
Distallation was also unsuccesful due to difficulty efficiently eliminating beet solids and the same persistent off-flavors that troubled our sugarmaking.
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Why I still think that there is money in beets after all beets have put me
through 1 acre of beets: approximately 40,000 lbs Average sugar content of sugar beets: 16% Lbs theoretical sugar per acre: 6400 Cost of fancy crystal table sugar per lb: $3 Potential value-added, per acre: $19200 Cost of a fifth of microdistilled vodka: $25 Potential fifths of vodka per acre: 3200 Potential farm/microdistillery revenue per acre:
$80,000 Dry beet pulp per acre: 4,000 lbs Cost of “Speedi Beet” per lb: $1 Potential revenue from dry beet pulp per acre: $4000