suds research dr martin mansell school of engineering and science university of paisley
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SUDS Research
Dr Martin MansellSchool of Engineering and Science
University of Paisley
Current Research
• Frequent Storm Storage Unit
• Water Balance of Paved Surfaces
Frequent Storm Storage Treatment Unit Plan
HIGH LEVELOVERFLOW PIPE
150MM DIA PERFORATED PIPE
45 DEGREE BENDS
COURSE SAND / GRAVELFILTER MATERIAL
PRE FORMED PLASTIC VOID FORMER1000x400x500
TERRAM 3000 GEOTEXTILE
FINE SAND FILTER MATERIAL 1200x1200 BRICK MANHOLE
OUTGOING PIPE 450MM DIA
1200MM DIA CATCHPIT 1200MM DIA MANHOLE
1000x400x500
PRE FORMED PLASTIC VOID FORMER
COURSE SAND / GRAVELFILTER MATERIAL
TERRAM 3000 GEOTEXTILE
150MM DIA PERFORATED PIPE
FINE SAND FILTER MATERIAL
1200x1200 BRICK MANHOLE
500 1000 500 1000 1200 1000 1000500 500
600
150
150
300
500
300
EGL
(INCOMING PIPES)
150MM DIA SW PIPE(OUTGOING PIPE)
CONNECTING PIPE
void formers
10mm gravel
sand
porous pipes
geotextile membrane
central chamber
area for 2D modelling
Frequent Storm Storage Treatment Unit Section
HIGH LEVELOVERFLOW PIPE
150MM DIA PERFORATED PIPE
45 DEGREE BENDS
COURSE SAND / GRAVELFILTER MATERIAL
PRE FORMED PLASTIC VOID FORMER1000x400x500
TERRAM 3000 GEOTEXTILE
FINE SAND FILTER MATERIAL 1200x1200 BRICK MANHOLE
OUTGOING PIPE 450MM DIA
1200MM DIA CATCHPIT 1200MM DIA MANHOLE
1000x400x500
PRE FORMED PLASTIC VOID FORMER
COURSE SAND / GRAVELFILTER MATERIAL
TERRAM 3000 GEOTEXTILE
150MM DIA PERFORATED PIPE
FINE SAND FILTER MATERIAL
1200x1200 BRICK MANHOLE
500 1000 500 1000 1200 1000 1000500 500
600
150
150
300
500
300
EGL
(INCOMING PIPES)
150MM DIA SW PIPE(OUTGOING PIPE)
CONNECTING PIPE
Storage Unit Rig
Water Levels in Tank
run 30/08 inflow 2.65l/s
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
distance from outlet (m)
manom
ter
level (
cm
) 1.5
2.5
3.5
6.5
15.5
31.5
120.0
263.0
390.0
time (mins)
Water Levels in Sand and Gravel
water level run 30/08
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400mins.
man
omet
er le
vel (
cm)
0.00
0.40
0.80
1.20
1.60
2.00
2.40
2.80
inlo
w (
l./se
c.)
sandgravelInflow
Water Quality Results
Location Time(mins.)
pH Sus. solids (mg/L)
BOD (mg/L)
COD(mg/L)
inlet 1.7 4.77 59 15 47
inlet 3.8 4.88 50 234 386
outlet 9.9 3.59 11 71 126
outlet 55 3.62 2.8 < 3 <10
outlet 239 3.59 2.4 < 3 <10
Metal Concentration
metal concentration
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Al Ba Ca Co Cu Fe K Mg Mn Na Ni S Si Sr Zn
con
cen
trat
ion
(m
g/l)
average inlet
average outlet
Salt Concentration
Outflow
0.000
0.020
0.040
0.060
0.080
0.100
0.120
0 100 200 300 400 500mins.
Out
flow
(l/s
ec)
and
Mas
s F
low
(g/
sec.
)
0.00
0.80
1.60
2.40
3.20
4.00
4.80
Sal
t C
once
ntra
tion
(g/l)
mass flow obs outflow salt conc
Issues to be Resolved
• Sediment in pipe
Issues to be Resolved
• Loss of Voids• Treatment Efficiency (esp metals)• Groundwater interaction• Surcharging• Long term Maintenance
Water Balance Principles
Depression storage
S
Infiltration
I
Paved surface
Soil
Filter Drain
Runoff
R
Evaporation
E
Precipitation
P
infiltrationjoint flow
c) Rough relief surface
E
I
RMC(%)
MC(%)
b) Medium relief surface
E
I
MC(%)
Depth
Infiltration
MC(%)
Depth
Evaporation
MC(%)
MC(%)
Depth
Infiltration and Evaporation profile for different surface types
a) Smooth relief surface
E
I
R
Surface Texture
Infiltration
EvaporationPrecipitationRunoff
Brick weighing to measure the infiltrated water
Cross section of brick slab investigated
Measurement of Water Balance under Field Conditions
5 Slabs under Field Conditions
Brick, Concrete, Asphalt slabs
Weather Station
Rainfall raingauge Runoff gauge Respective cubes
Water Balance Model
Q1
Q2
S2S2max
Infiltration (I)
Precipitation (P)Evaporation (E)
Runoff (R)
S1S1max
Joint Flow (J)Q1
Cross section of paved surface
Water Balance Model
Infiltration and Storage
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
hours
flow
mm
/hr
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
sto
rag
e m
m
Infiltration
rainfall
Storage S1
Water Balance Model
Runoff
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175
hours
runo
ff (m
m/h
r)
runoff model
observed runoff