Subsea Production Systems

SUBSEA PROCESSING SYSTEMS

Why Do We Need Subsea Processing?• Oil & gas fields being discovered in deeper, more remote places• Fields further away from host facilities or shore• Increased recovery factors• Improved flowrates• Improved flow assurance• Potential cost savings over use of conventional technology, second

pipeline• Improved project economics

PROCESSING• Subsea processing can be defined as any handling and treatment of the produced

fluids for mitigating flow assurance issue prior to reaching the platform or onshore.

This includes boosting, separation, solids management, heat exchanging, gas

treatment and chemical injection. Boosting system, mainly consisting of various

pumps fitted for the fluid to be transported. It is a system used for increasing

pressure in flow pipes on order to enhance flow capacity. Separation is consisting

of a bulk separator tailored for subsea use. It is a system designed for separation

fluid and gas from a multi-phase fluid. There are two major types of separation,

two phase separation to split gas and liquid and three phase separation splitting

oil, gas and water. Chemical injection some of the chemicals used is corrosion

inhibitors, workover /packer fluids hydrate and paraffin inhibitors, defamers,

solvents glycol, and diesel. These chemicals are typically used for batch

treatments; small-volume continues injections, and remedial treatments such as

workover operations

Subsea Tree•Subsea Control Module•Valves & Chokes•Temperature Sensors•Pressure Sensors•Sand Detectors•Corrosion Monitors

Subsea Electronics Module (SEM)

UMBILICAL SYSTEMS • It is a bundled arrangement of tubing, piping, and electrical

conductors in an armored sheath that is installed form the host

facility to the subsea production system equipment an umbilical

is used to transmit the control fluid san electrical current

necessary to control the functions of the subsea production and

safety equipment (tree, Valves, manifold,ect) dedicated tubes in

an umbilical are used to monitor pressure and inject fluids

( Chemicals such as methanol ) from the host facility to critical

areas within the subsea production equipment. Electrical

conductors transmit power to operate subsea electronic devices

Application:• Integrated flowline, control umbilical and

power cableAdvantages:• Simplified subsea architecture• Cheaper faster installation• Can be used as production flowline or

service line• Trace heating and monitoring

Disadvantages – • installation vessel size • jointing of super duplex offshore

INTEGRATED PRODUCTION UMBILICAL

MANIFOLD

• The manifold is an arrangement of piping and valves designed to combine, distribute, control, and often monitor fluid flow. A subsea manifold collects flow from multiple wells before transporting the fluid to host facility. Subsea manifolds are installed on the seabed within an array of wells to gather production or to inject water or gas into wells

Jumpers• It is a short pipe connector

that is used to transport production fluid between two subsea components for example, a tree and manifold and anther manifold

Subsea wellheads• Wellhead is general term used to

describe the pressure-containing component at the surface of an oil well that provides the interface for drilling, completion, and testing of all subsea operation phases the primary purpose of wellhead is provide the suspension point and pressure seals for casing strings that run from the bottom of the hole sections to the surface pressure control equipment

SUBSEA PROCESSING EQUIPMENTMULTI PHASE PUMP

Application:• Well stream energy enhancement Advantages:• Drawdown of wellhead pressure• Increased production rates• Increase reservoir recovery• Increased tie-back distance• Separated liquids evacuation

INJECTION PUMPApplication• Water injection pressure boostingAdvantages:• Increased injection rates• Increased tie-back distance• Ability to inject produced water or sea water subsea

SUBSEA GAS COMPRESSORApplication:• Subsea gas compressionAdvantages:• Drawdown of wellhead pressure• Increased production rates• Increase reservoir recovery• Increased tie-back distance• Separated gas evacuation• High tolerance for liquid droplets

COMPACT SEPARATION TECHNOLOGYApplication:• Compact gas, oil and water 2 or 3

phase separationAdvantages:• Small size and weight

SUBSEA SEPARATION SYSTEM

Gas Compressor

Separator

Water Injection Trees

Oil and Gas Export Lines

Power and Control Umbilicals

Subsea Production Trees

Booster Pump

• Separation System functionality • 2 or 3 phase separation of

wellstream• Increase production• Increase reservoir recovery• Improve flow assurance• Debottleneck flowlines, riser and

topside systems.• Re-inject produced water