UNIT 1.2

SUBJECT PRONOUNS, SER, DEFINITE AND INDEFINITE ARTICLES, NOUN-

ADJECTIVE AGREEMENT

Personality Appearance

MAKING ADJECTIVES PLURAL

• If it ends in a vowel add –s at the end. • Alto- altos• Bonita- bonitas

• If it ends in a consonant add –es at the end • Trabajador- trabajadores • Joven- jovenes

SUBJECT PRONOUNS

Singular•yo – I•tú - you (informal)•usted - you (formal)•él - heella – she

PLURAL • nosotros we (masculine or mixed group) • nosotras we (feminine)• vosotros you-all (Spain, masculine or

mixed group) vosotras you-all (Spain, feminine)• ustedes you-all • ellos they (masculine or mixed group) ellas they (feminine)

Subject pronouns Singular Plural Yo Nosotros/

nosotras

Tú Vosotros/ vosotras

Usted

Ustedes

Él/Ella Ellos/Ellas

SER – TO BE • Permanent • Use ser to:1. Describe characteristics• ser + adjective

2. identify a person or say where he or she is from• ser + de3. Identify relationships ser + noun

Singular Plural Yo soy Nosotros (as) somos

Tú eres Vosotros (as) sois

Usted es Ustedes son

Él/ ella es Ellos/ ellas son

SER – to be

SER + DE 1. I am from Mexico. 2. You are from Costa Rica. 3. You (formal) are from Bolivia.4. He is from Peru.5. She is from Nicaragua. 6. We are from Panama.7. You all (Spain)are from Puerto Rico.8. You all are from Cuba.9. They are from Colombia. 10.They are from Chile. (fem.)

SER

• ¿De dónde eres tú?• Yo soy de (place)

• ¿De dónde es usted?• Yo soy de (place)

• ¿De dónde son ustedes?• Nosotros somos de (place)

• ¿De dónde sois vosotros?• Nosotros somos de (place)

SER

• ¿Cómo eres tú?• Yo soy (adjective)

• ¿Cómo es usted?• Yo soy (adjective)

• ¿Cómo son ustedes?• Nosotros somos (adjectives)

• ¿Cómo sois vosotros?• Nosotros somos (adjective)

SER + ADJECTIVE 1. You are nice. (masc.)2. I am pretty. (fem.)3. You (formal) are young.4. He is tall.5. She is intelligent.6. We are funny. (fem.)7. You all (Spain) are lazy. (masc.)8. You all are athletic.(mixed group)9. They are good looking. (masc.)10.They are organized. (fem.)

DEFINITE & INDEFINITE ARTICLES

•Definite articles• In English (the) is used with nouns to indicate a specific person, place, or thing

• Indefinite articles • (a, an, some) are used with nouns to indicate nonspecific people, places, or things.

Definite article Indefinite article

Masculine Singular El Un

Plural Los Unos

Feminine Singular La Una

Plural Las Unas

NOUN-ADJECTIVE AGREEMENT

• Adjectives are words that describe nouns.• In English, adjectives almost always come before the noun.• In Spanish, the adjective usually comes after the noun. • The funny students. • Los estudiantes cómicos.

• In Spanish, adjectives match the gender and number of the nouns they describe.• • Adjectives that end in –e match both

genders• El maestro inteligente• La maestra inteligente

• Many adjectives that end in a consonant match both genders• El amigo joven• La amiga joven

• Some adjectives that end in a consonant add –a to form the feminine singular. • el chico trabajador• La chica trabajadora

Singular Plural

Masculine El chico alto Los chicos altos

Feminine la chica alta Las chicas altas

UNIT 1.2 TEST

• Vocabulary• Subject pronouns• SER• Definite/ indefinite articles• Making adjectives plural• Noun/adjective agreement