studying fashion using digital historical newspapers · why language matters. how to cite...
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Studying Fashion Using Digital Historical Newspapers
Sarah “Moxy” Moczygemba
Outreach and Promotion Coordinator, FPRDNP
What is Digitization?
• Creation of a digital version of an analog source• For example: sound, image, object
• Why digitize?• Preservation
• Including avoiding obsolescence
• Broader access
• Teachable Content
• Newspapers an excellent candidate for digitization
Source: 2010 Smithsonian Digitization Plan https://www.si.edu/content/pdf/about/2010_SI_Digitization_Plan.pdf
Optical Character Recognition
• Automated process that converts printed text into computer readable text
• Chronicling America and other databases I’ll discuss are fully searchable
• Not perfect technology• Extraneous marks on page
• Unusual Fonts
• Misreading text or combining words
• This means that it isn’t as accurate as a search engine (like Google)
• Be patient with searches and think outside of the box.
From The Pensacola Journal August 16, 1908. Article retrieved from Chronicling America.
Search Term: Catholic
Search Term: Thailand
From The Monroe City Democrat (Monroe City, MO) August 22, 1907 Image Retrieved from Chronicling America
Tips and TricksWhen searching think about…
• Vocabulary• Historic spelling and typos• Change in terms
• Search parameters • Change scope to get more useful results
• Diversify name searches
• Affiliated organizations, businesses, and governing bodies
From the Pensacola Journal (Pensacola, Fla.) November 8,1914. Article retrieved from Chronicling America.
From The weekly true Democrat (Tallahassee, Fla.) October 26, 1906. Article retrieved from Chronicling America.
Some Digital Newspaper Repositories
• Proquest• Institutional Affiliation Required
• Access Newspaper Archive Academic Library Edition• Institutional Affiliation Required
• Readex/Newsbank• Institutional Affiliation Required
• LexisNexis• Institutional Affiliation Required, UF discontinuing subscription
• Google News• Open Access
• Florida Digital Newspaper Library• Open Access
• Chronicling America• Open Access
ProQuest
• Both historical and contemporary
• Historical Database includes long runs of papers we now identify as being important
• Shorter runs of other newspapers• Typically from last 40 years
• Good for period between 1923 and 1990s
ProQuest
ProQuest
Access Newspaper Archive Academic Library Edition
• Can think of as reverse ProQuest• Small local papers
• Also during “black hole” of digitization
Readex/Newsbank
• Two services run by the same company
• Newsbank is mostly more current papers
• Readex is historical• Multiple Services including
• World Newspaper Archive
• America’s Historical Archive
Google News Archive
• Ran from 2008-2011
• A million pages from over 2000 papers
• Best described as spotty global coverage
• https://news.google.com/newspapers
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/newspapers
Contributing Partners
National Digital Newspaper Program
• “ a partnership between the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) and the Library of Congress (LC), is a long-term effort to develop an Internet-based, searchable database of U.S. newspapers with descriptive information and select digitization of historic pages. Supported by NEH, this rich digital resource will be developed and permanently maintained at the Library of Congress. An NEH award program will fund the contribution of content from, eventually, all U.S. states and territories”
IngestAll content: 1)Chronicling America (ChronAm)
chroniclingamerica.loc.gov2)Florida & Puerto Rico Digital Newspaper Project
ufdc.ufl.edu/ndnp
English content:• Florida Digital Newspaper
Library (FDNL) ufdc.ufl.edu/newspapers
Spanish content:• Digital Library of the Caribbean
(dLOC)dloc.com
• Biblioteca Digital Puertorriqueñabibliotecadigital.uprrp.edu/cdm
Content & Functionality
Advanced Search
About the Papers
Why Language Matters
How to Cite Historical
Newspapers
• Cite like you would any other newspaper following the guidelines of a particular style (APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.)
• Including the date you accessed it
• Provide the persistent/permalink available via the scissors icon in the page view.
• Permalink is for the entire page
• From this page you can also download image and print
Chronicling America Examples
From the El Paso herald (TX) http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn88084272/1921-01-12/ed-1/seq-15/January 12, 1921.
From The Hawaiian star http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82015415/1905-10-21/ed-1/seq-2/October 21, 1905
From The Ocala Evening Star http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn8402762
1/1911-09-08/ed-1/seq-5/ September 8, 1911
Stetson Brand
From The Ocala Evening Star http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84027621/1901-11-18/ed-1/seq-1/ November
18, 1901
From The Pensacola Journal http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87062268/1912-11-17/ed-1/seq-17/
November 17, 1912
Outside Advertisements
From The Palatka Daily News http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn8907004
9/1886-10-28/ed-1/seq-1/ October 28, 1886
From the Pensacola Journal http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87062268/1911-12-24/ed-1/seq-13/ December 24, 1911
Outside Advertisements
From The Ocala Evening Star http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84027621/1902-06-21/ed-1/seq-1/
June 21, 1902
Outside Advertisements-Popular Fiction
From The Pensacola Journal http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87062268/191
2-02-15/ed-1/seq-9/ February 15, 1912
From the Ocala Evening Star http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84027621/1911-12-16/ed-1/seq-4
December 16, 1911
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Contact Us
Melissa EspinoProject Coordinator
Sarah “Moxy” MoczygembaOutreach & Promotion Assistant