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Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2–27 February 2015
STUDY MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW
Codification Division of the United Nations Office of Legal Affairs
Copyright © United Nations, 2014
-
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2–27 February 2015
PROFESSOR MAKANE MOÏSE MBENGUE
Codification Division of the United Nations Office of Legal Affairs
Copyright © United Nations, 2014
-
INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW PROFESSOR MAKANE MOÏSE MBENGUE
Legal Instruments and Documents
1. Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, 1994 82. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, 1947 (now incorporated into GATT 1994) 163. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, 1994 484. Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, 1994 585. Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade, 1994 686. Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
1994, 1994 80
7. Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, 1994 928. Agreement on Safeguards, 1994 1169. Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes, 1994 122 Case Law 10. United States – Standards for Reformulated and Conventional Gasoline, Report of the
Appellate Body, WT/DS2/AB/R, 29 April 1996 138
11. Japan – Taxes on Alcoholic Beverages, Report of the Appellate Body, WT/DS8/AB/R, WT/DS10/AB/R, WT/DS11/AB/R, 4 October 1996
154
12. European Communities – Measures Concerning Meat and Meat Products (Hormones), Report of the Appellate Body, WT/DS26/AB/R, WT/DS48/AB/R, 16 January 1998
174
13. United States – Import Prohibition of Certain Shrimp and Shrimp Products, Report of the Appellate Body, WT/DS58/AB/R, 12 October 1998
228
14. Korea – Measures Affecting Imports of Fresh, Chilled and Frozen Beef, Report of the Appellate Body, WT/DS161/AB/R, WT/DS169/AB/R, 11 December 2000
270
15. European Communities – Measures Affecting Asbestos and Asbestos-Containing Products, Report of the Appellate Body, WT/DS135/AB/R, 12 March 2001
302
16. European Communities – Conditions for the Granting of Tariff Preferences to Developing Countries, Report of the Appellate Body, WT/DS246/AB/R, 7 April 2004
340
17. United States – Subsidies on Upland Cotton, Report of the Appellate Body, WT/DS267/AB/R, 3 March 2005
386
18. Mexico – Tax Measures on Soft Drinks and Other Beverages, Report of the Appellate Body, WT/DS308/AB/R, 6 March 2006
544
19. Brazil – Measures Affecting Imports of Retreaded Tyres, Report of the Appellate Body, WT/DS332/AB/R, 3 December 2007
568
20. United States – Measures Affecting the Production and Sale of Clove Cigarettes, Report of the Appellate Body, WT/DS406/AB/R, 4 April 2012
626
-
Agreement Establishing the World Trade
Organization, 1994
-
Page
9
AG
REE
MEN
T ES
TABL
ISH
ING
TH
EW
OR
LD T
RA
DE
OR
GA
NIZ
ATI
ON
The
Parti
esto
this
Agr
eem
ent,
Reco
gniz
ing
that
thei
r rel
atio
ns in
the f
ield
of t
rade
and
econ
omic
ende
avou
r sho
uld
be co
nduc
ted
with
a v
iew
to ra
isin
g st
anda
rds
of li
ving
, ens
urin
g fu
ll em
ploy
men
t and
a la
rge
and
stea
dily
gro
win
gvo
lum
e of
real
inco
me
and
effe
ctiv
e de
man
d, a
nd e
xpan
ding
the
prod
uctio
n of
and
trad
e in
goo
ds a
ndse
rvic
es, w
hile
allo
win
g fo
r th
e op
timal
use
of
the
wor
ld's
reso
urce
s in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
obje
ctiv
eof
sus
tain
able
dev
elop
men
t, se
ekin
g bo
th to
pro
tect
and
pre
serv
e th
e en
viro
nmen
t and
to e
nhan
ce th
em
eans
for d
oing
so
in a
man
ner c
onsi
sten
t with
thei
r res
pect
ive
need
s an
d co
ncer
ns a
t diff
eren
t lev
els
of e
cono
mic
dev
elop
men
t,
Reco
gniz
ing
furth
er th
at th
ere
is n
eed
for
posi
tive
effo
rts d
esig
ned
to e
nsur
e th
at d
evel
opin
gco
untri
es, a
nd e
spec
ially
the
leas
t dev
elop
ed a
mon
g th
em, s
ecur
e a
shar
e in
the
grow
th in
inte
rnat
iona
ltra
de c
omm
ensu
rate
with
the
need
s of
thei
r ec
onom
ic d
evel
opm
ent,
Bein
g de
siro
us o
f co
ntrib
utin
g to
the
se o
bjec
tives
by
ente
ring
into
rec
ipro
cal
and
mut
ually
adva
ntag
eous
arr
ange
men
ts d
irect
ed to
the
subs
tant
ial r
educ
tion
of ta
riffs
and
oth
er b
arrie
rs to
trad
ean
d to
the
elim
inat
ion
of d
iscr
imin
ator
y tre
atm
ent i
n in
tern
atio
nal t
rade
rel
atio
ns,
Reso
lved
, the
refo
re, t
o de
velo
p an
inte
grat
ed, m
ore v
iabl
e and
dur
able
mul
tilat
eral
trad
ing
syst
emen
com
pass
ing
the G
ener
al A
gree
men
t on
Tarif
fs an
d Tr
ade,
the r
esul
ts o
f pas
t tra
de li
bera
lizat
ion
effo
rts,
and
all o
f th
e re
sults
of
the
Uru
guay
Rou
nd o
f M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Neg
otia
tions
,
Det
erm
ined
to
pres
erve
the
bas
ic p
rinci
ples
and
to
furth
er t
he o
bjec
tives
und
erly
ing
this
mul
tilat
eral
trad
ing
syst
em,
Agr
eeas
fol
low
s:
Art
icle
I
Esta
blis
hmen
t of t
he O
rgan
izat
ion
The
Wor
ld T
rade
Org
aniz
atio
n (h
erei
nafte
r re
ferr
ed to
as
"the
WTO
") is
her
eby
esta
blis
hed.
Art
icle
II
Scop
e of
the
WTO
1.Th
e W
TO s
hall
prov
ide
the
com
mon
inst
itutio
nal f
ram
ewor
k fo
r the
con
duct
of t
rade
rela
tions
amon
g its
Mem
bers
in m
atte
rs r
elat
ed to
the
agre
emen
ts a
nd a
ssoc
iate
d le
gal i
nstru
men
ts in
clud
ed in
the
Ann
exes
to th
is A
gree
men
t.
2.Th
e ag
reem
ents
and
ass
ocia
ted
lega
l ins
trum
ents
incl
uded
in A
nnex
es 1
, 2 a
nd 3
(he
rein
afte
rre
ferr
ed t
o as
"M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
") a
re i
nteg
ral
parts
of
this
Agr
eem
ent,
bind
ing
on a
llM
embe
rs.
3. T
he a
gree
men
ts a
nd a
ssoc
iate
d le
gal
inst
rum
ents
inc
lude
d in
Ann
ex 4
(he
rein
afte
r re
ferr
edto
as
"Plu
rilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
ts")
are
als
o pa
rt of
this
Agr
eem
ent f
or th
ose
Mem
bers
that
hav
e
Page
10
acce
pted
them
, and
are
bin
ding
on
thos
e M
embe
rs.
The
Plur
ilate
ral T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
do
not c
reat
eei
ther
obl
igat
ions
or
right
s fo
r M
embe
rs th
at h
ave
not a
ccep
ted
them
.
4.Th
e Gen
eral
Agr
eem
ent o
n Ta
riffs
and
Trad
e 199
4 as
spec
ified
in A
nnex
1A
(her
eina
fter r
efer
red
to a
s "G
ATT
199
4")
is l
egal
ly d
istin
ct f
rom
the
Gen
eral
Agr
eem
ent
on T
ariff
s an
d Tr
ade,
dat
ed30
Oct
ober
194
7, a
nnex
ed to
the
Fina
l Act
Ado
pted
at t
he C
oncl
usio
n of
the
Seco
nd S
essi
on o
f th
ePr
epar
ator
y C
omm
ittee
of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns C
onfe
renc
e on
Tra
de a
nd E
mpl
oym
ent,
as s
ubse
quen
tlyre
ctifi
ed, a
men
ded
or m
odifi
ed (
here
inaf
ter
refe
rred
to a
s "G
ATT
194
7").
Art
icle
III
Func
tions
of t
he W
TO
1.Th
e W
TO s
hall
faci
litat
e th
e im
plem
enta
tion,
adm
inis
tratio
n an
d op
erat
ion,
and
fur
ther
the
obje
ctiv
es, o
f th
is A
gree
men
t an
d of
the
Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
ts, a
nd s
hall
also
pro
vide
the
fram
ewor
k fo
r the
impl
emen
tatio
n, a
dmin
istra
tion
and
oper
atio
n of
the
Plur
ilate
ral T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
.
2.Th
e W
TO s
hall
prov
ide
the
foru
m f
or n
egot
iatio
ns a
mon
g its
Mem
bers
con
cern
ing
thei
rm
ultil
ater
al tr
ade
rela
tions
in m
atte
rs d
ealt
with
und
er th
e ag
reem
ents
in th
e A
nnex
es to
this
Agr
eem
ent.
The
WTO
may
als
o pr
ovid
e a
foru
m f
or f
urth
er n
egot
iatio
ns a
mon
g its
Mem
bers
con
cern
ing
thei
rm
ultil
ater
al tr
ade
rela
tions
, and
a fr
amew
ork
for t
he im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e re
sults
of s
uch
nego
tiatio
ns,
as m
ay b
e de
cide
d by
the
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e.
3.Th
e WTO
shal
l adm
inis
ter t
he U
nder
stan
ding
on
Rul
es an
d Pr
oced
ures
Gov
erni
ng th
e Set
tlem
ent
of D
ispu
tes
(her
eina
fter r
efer
red
to a
s th
e "D
ispu
te S
ettle
men
t Und
erst
andi
ng"
or "
DSU
") in
Ann
ex 2
to th
is A
gree
men
t.
4.Th
e W
TO s
hall
adm
inis
ter t
he T
rade
Pol
icy
Rev
iew
Mec
hani
sm (h
erei
nafte
r ref
erre
d to
as
the
"TPR
M")
pro
vide
d fo
r in
Ann
ex 3
to th
is A
gree
men
t.
5.W
ith a
vie
w to
ach
ievi
ng g
reat
er c
oher
ence
in g
loba
l eco
nom
ic p
olic
y-m
akin
g, th
e W
TO s
hall
coop
erat
e, a
s ap
prop
riate
, with
the
Inte
rnat
iona
l Mon
etar
y Fu
nd a
nd w
ith th
e In
tern
atio
nal B
ank
for
Rec
onst
ruct
ion
and
Dev
elop
men
t and
its
affil
iate
d ag
enci
es.
Art
icle
IV
Stru
ctur
e of
the
WTO
1.Th
ere
shal
l be
a M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce
com
pose
d of
repr
esen
tativ
es o
f all
the
Mem
bers
, whi
chsh
all m
eet a
t lea
st o
nce
ever
y tw
o ye
ars.
The
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e sh
all c
arry
out
the
func
tions
of
the
WTO
and
take
act
ions
nec
essa
ry to
this
eff
ect.
The
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e sh
all h
ave
the
auth
ority
to t
ake
deci
sion
s on
all
mat
ters
und
er a
ny o
f th
e M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
, if
so r
eque
sted
by
a M
embe
r, in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
spec
ific
requ
irem
ents
for
dec
isio
n-m
akin
g in
this
Agr
eem
ent a
ndin
the
rele
vant
Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
t.
2.Th
ere
shal
l be
a G
ener
al C
ounc
il co
mpo
sed
of re
pres
enta
tives
of a
ll th
e M
embe
rs, w
hich
sha
llm
eet
as a
ppro
pria
te.
In t
he i
nter
vals
bet
wee
n m
eetin
gs o
f th
e M
inis
teria
l C
onfe
renc
e, i
ts f
unct
ions
shal
l be
con
duct
ed b
y th
e G
ener
al C
ounc
il.
The
Gen
eral
Cou
ncil
shal
l al
so c
arry
out
the
fun
ctio
nsas
sign
ed to
it b
y th
is A
gree
men
t. Th
e G
ener
al C
ounc
il sh
all e
stab
lish
its ru
les o
f pro
cedu
re a
nd a
ppro
veth
e ru
les
of p
roce
dure
for
the
Com
mitt
ees
prov
ided
for
in p
arag
raph
7.
8
-
Page
11
3.Th
e Gen
eral
Cou
ncil
shal
l con
vene
as ap
prop
riate
to d
isch
arge
the r
espo
nsib
ilitie
s of t
he D
ispu
teSe
ttlem
ent B
ody
prov
ided
for i
n th
e D
ispu
te S
ettle
men
t Und
erst
andi
ng.
The
Dis
pute
Set
tlem
ent B
ody
may
hav
e its
ow
n ch
airm
an a
nd s
hall
esta
blis
h su
ch r
ules
of
proc
edur
e as
it d
eem
s ne
cess
ary
for
the
fulfi
lmen
t of
thos
e re
spon
sibi
litie
s.
4.Th
e G
ener
al C
ounc
il sh
all c
onve
ne a
s app
ropr
iate
to d
isch
arge
the
resp
onsi
bilit
ies o
f the
Tra
dePo
licy
Rev
iew
Bod
y pr
ovid
ed f
or in
the
TPR
M.
The
Trad
e Po
licy
Rev
iew
Bod
y m
ay h
ave
its o
wn
chai
rman
and
sha
ll es
tabl
ish
such
rul
es o
f pr
oced
ure
as it
dee
ms
nece
ssar
y fo
r th
e fu
lfilm
ent o
f th
ose
resp
onsi
bilit
ies.
5.Th
ere
shal
l be
a C
ounc
il fo
r Tr
ade
in G
oods
, a C
ounc
il fo
r Tr
ade
in S
ervi
ces
and
a C
ounc
ilfo
r Tr
ade-
Rel
ated
Asp
ects
of
Inte
llect
ual P
rope
rty R
ight
s (h
erei
nafte
r re
ferr
ed to
as
the
"Cou
ncil
for
TRIP
S"),
whi
ch sh
all o
pera
te u
nder
the
gene
ral g
uida
nce
of th
e G
ener
al C
ounc
il. T
he C
ounc
il fo
r Tra
dein
Goo
ds sh
all o
vers
ee th
e fu
nctio
ning
of t
he M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
in A
nnex
1A
. Th
e C
ounc
ilfo
r Tr
ade
in S
ervi
ces
shal
l ov
erse
e th
e fu
nctio
ning
of
the
Gen
eral
Agr
eem
ent
on T
rade
in
Serv
ices
(her
eina
fter
refe
rred
to
as "
GA
TS")
. Th
e C
ounc
il fo
r TR
IPS
shal
l ov
erse
e th
e fu
nctio
ning
of
the
Agr
eem
ent
on T
rade
-Rel
ated
Asp
ects
of
Inte
llect
ual
Prop
erty
Rig
hts
(her
eina
fter
refe
rred
to
as t
he"A
gree
men
t on
TRIP
S").
Thes
e C
ounc
ils sh
all c
arry
out
the
func
tions
ass
igne
d to
them
by
thei
r res
pect
ive
agre
emen
ts a
nd b
y th
e G
ener
al C
ounc
il. T
hey
shal
l est
ablis
h th
eir r
espe
ctiv
e ru
les o
f pro
cedu
re su
bjec
tto
the
appr
oval
of t
he G
ener
al C
ounc
il. M
embe
rshi
p in
thes
e C
ounc
ils s
hall
be o
pen
to re
pres
enta
tives
of a
ll M
embe
rs.
Thes
e C
ounc
ils s
hall
mee
t as
nece
ssar
y to
car
ry o
ut th
eir
func
tions
.
6.Th
e C
ounc
il fo
r Tra
de in
Goo
ds, t
he C
ounc
il fo
r Tra
de in
Ser
vice
s an
d th
e C
ounc
il fo
r TR
IPS
shal
l est
ablis
h su
bsid
iary
bod
ies
as r
equi
red.
Th
ese
subs
idia
ry b
odie
s sh
all e
stab
lish
thei
r re
spec
tive
rule
s of
pro
cedu
re s
ubje
ct to
the
appr
oval
of
thei
r re
spec
tive
Cou
ncils
.
7.Th
e M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce
shal
l est
ablis
h a
Com
mitt
ee o
n Tr
ade
and
Dev
elop
men
t, a
Com
mitt
eeon
Bal
ance
-of-
Paym
ents
Res
trict
ions
and
a C
omm
ittee
on
Bud
get,
Fina
nce
and
Adm
inis
tratio
n, w
hich
shal
l ca
rry
out
the
func
tions
ass
igne
d to
the
m b
y th
is A
gree
men
t an
d by
the
Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
deA
gree
men
ts, a
nd a
ny a
dditi
onal
func
tions
ass
igne
d to
them
by
the
Gen
eral
Cou
ncil,
and
may
est
ablis
hsu
ch a
dditi
onal
Com
mitt
ees
with
suc
h fu
nctio
ns a
s it
may
dee
m a
ppro
pria
te.
As
part
of it
s fu
nctio
ns,
the
Com
mitt
ee o
n Tr
ade
and
Dev
elop
men
t sh
all
perio
dica
lly r
evie
w t
he s
peci
al p
rovi
sion
s in
the
Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
ts i
n fa
vour
of
the
leas
t-dev
elop
ed c
ount
ry M
embe
rs a
nd r
epor
t to
the
Gen
eral
Cou
ncil
for a
ppro
pria
te ac
tion.
Mem
bers
hip
in th
ese C
omm
ittee
s sha
ll be
ope
n to
repr
esen
tativ
esof
all
Mem
bers
.
8.Th
e bo
dies
pro
vide
d fo
r und
er th
e Pl
urila
tera
l Tra
de A
gree
men
ts s
hall
carr
y ou
t the
func
tions
assi
gned
to th
em u
nder
thos
e A
gree
men
ts a
nd s
hall
oper
ate
with
in th
e in
stitu
tiona
l fra
mew
ork
of th
eW
TO.
Thes
e bo
dies
sha
ll ke
ep th
e G
ener
al C
ounc
il in
form
ed o
f th
eir
activ
ities
on
a re
gula
r ba
sis.
Art
icle
V
Rela
tions
with
Oth
er O
rgan
izat
ions
1.Th
e G
ener
al C
ounc
il sh
all m
ake
appr
opria
te a
rran
gem
ents
for e
ffec
tive
coop
erat
ion
with
oth
erin
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
that
hav
e re
spon
sibi
litie
s re
late
d to
thos
e of
the
WTO
.
2.Th
e G
ener
al C
ounc
il m
ay m
ake
appr
opria
te a
rran
gem
ents
for c
onsu
ltatio
n an
d co
oper
atio
n w
ithno
n-go
vern
men
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
con
cern
ed w
ith m
atte
rs r
elat
ed to
thos
e of
the
WTO
.
Page
12
Art
icle
VI
The
Secr
etar
iat
1.Th
ere
shal
l be
a Se
cret
aria
t of
the
WTO
(he
rein
afte
r re
ferr
ed to
as
“the
Sec
reta
riat”
) he
aded
by a
Dire
ctor
-Gen
eral
.
2.Th
e M
inis
teria
l C
onfe
renc
e sh
all
appo
int
the
Dire
ctor
-Gen
eral
and
ado
pt r
egul
atio
ns s
ettin
gou
t the
pow
ers,
dut
ies,
con
ditio
ns o
f se
rvic
e an
d te
rm o
f of
fice
of th
e D
irect
or-G
ener
al.
3.Th
e D
irect
or-G
ener
al s
hall
appo
int t
he m
embe
rs o
f th
e st
aff
of th
e Se
cret
aria
t and
det
erm
ine
thei
r du
ties
and
cond
ition
s of
ser
vice
in
acco
rdan
ce w
ith r
egul
atio
ns a
dopt
ed b
y th
e M
inis
teria
lC
onfe
renc
e.
4.Th
e res
pons
ibili
ties o
f the
Dire
ctor
-Gen
eral
and
of th
e sta
ff o
f the
Sec
reta
riat s
hall
be ex
clus
ivel
yin
tern
atio
nal i
n ch
arac
ter.
In t
he d
isch
arge
of
thei
r du
ties,
the
Dire
ctor
-Gen
eral
and
the
sta
ff o
f th
eSe
cret
aria
t sha
ll no
t see
k or
acc
ept i
nstru
ctio
ns f
rom
any
gov
ernm
ent o
r an
y ot
her
auth
ority
ext
erna
lto
the
WTO
. Th
ey s
hall
refr
ain
from
any
act
ion
whi
ch m
ight
adv
erse
ly r
efle
ct o
n th
eir
posi
tion
asin
tern
atio
nal
offic
ials
. Th
e M
embe
rs o
f th
e W
TO s
hall
resp
ect
the
inte
rnat
iona
l ch
arac
ter
of t
here
spon
sibi
litie
s of t
he D
irect
or-G
ener
al a
nd o
f the
staf
f of t
he S
ecre
taria
t and
shal
l not
seek
to in
fluen
ceth
em in
the
disc
harg
e of
thei
r du
ties.
Art
icle
VII
Budg
et a
nd C
ontr
ibut
ions
1.Th
e D
irect
or-G
ener
al s
hall
pres
ent t
o th
e C
omm
ittee
on
Bud
get,
Fina
nce
and
Adm
inis
tratio
nth
e an
nual
bud
get e
stim
ate
and
finan
cial
sta
tem
ent o
f th
e W
TO.
The
Com
mitt
ee o
n B
udge
t, Fi
nanc
ean
d A
dmin
istra
tion
shal
l rev
iew
the
annu
al b
udge
t est
imat
e an
d th
e fin
anci
al s
tate
men
t pre
sent
ed b
yth
e D
irect
or-G
ener
al a
nd m
ake
reco
mm
enda
tions
ther
eon
to th
e G
ener
al C
ounc
il. T
he a
nnua
l bud
get
estim
ate
shal
l be
subj
ect t
o ap
prov
al b
y th
e G
ener
al C
ounc
il.
2.Th
e C
omm
ittee
on
Bud
get,
Fina
nce
and
Adm
inis
tratio
n sh
all p
ropo
se to
the
Gen
eral
Cou
ncil
finan
cial
reg
ulat
ions
whi
ch s
hall
incl
ude
prov
isio
ns s
ettin
g ou
t:
(a)
the
scal
e of
con
tribu
tions
app
ortio
ning
the
expe
nses
of t
he W
TO a
mon
g its
Mem
bers
;an
d
(b)
the
mea
sure
s to
be
take
n in
res
pect
of
Mem
bers
in a
rrea
rs.
The
finan
cial
reg
ulat
ions
sha
ll be
bas
ed,
as f
ar a
s pr
actic
able
, on
the
reg
ulat
ions
and
pra
ctic
es o
fG
ATT
194
7.
3.Th
e G
ener
al C
ounc
il sh
all a
dopt
the
finan
cial
reg
ulat
ions
and
the
annu
al b
udge
t est
imat
e by
a tw
o-th
irds
maj
ority
com
pris
ing
mor
e th
an h
alf
of th
e M
embe
rs o
f th
e W
TO.
4.Ea
ch M
embe
r sh
all p
rom
ptly
con
tribu
te to
the
WTO
its
shar
e in
the
expe
nses
of
the
WTO
inac
cord
ance
with
the
finan
cial
reg
ulat
ions
ado
pted
by
the
Gen
eral
Cou
ncil.
9
-
Page
13
Art
icle
VII
I
Stat
us o
f the
WTO
1.Th
e W
TO s
hall
have
leg
al p
erso
nalit
y, a
nd s
hall
be a
ccor
ded
by e
ach
of i
ts M
embe
rs s
uch
lega
l cap
acity
as
may
be
nece
ssar
y fo
r th
e ex
erci
se o
f its
fun
ctio
ns.
2.Th
e W
TO s
hall
be a
ccor
ded
by e
ach
of i
ts M
embe
rs s
uch
priv
ilege
s an
d im
mun
ities
as
are
nece
ssar
y fo
r th
e ex
erci
se o
f its
fun
ctio
ns.
3.Th
e of
ficia
ls o
f th
e W
TO a
nd th
e re
pres
enta
tives
of
the
Mem
bers
sha
ll si
mila
rly b
e ac
cord
edby
eac
h of
its
Mem
bers
suc
h pr
ivile
ges
and
imm
uniti
es a
s ar
e ne
cess
ary
for
the
inde
pend
ent e
xerc
ise
of th
eir
func
tions
in c
onne
ctio
n w
ith th
e W
TO.
4.Th
e pr
ivile
ges
and
imm
uniti
es to
be
acco
rded
by
a M
embe
r to
the
WTO
, its
off
icia
ls, a
nd th
ere
pres
enta
tives
of
its M
embe
rs s
hall
be s
imila
r to
the
priv
ilege
s an
d im
mun
ities
stip
ulat
ed i
n th
eC
onve
ntio
n on
the
Priv
ilege
s an
d Im
mun
ities
of
the
Spec
ializ
ed A
genc
ies,
app
rove
d by
the
Gen
eral
Ass
embl
y of
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
on
21 N
ovem
ber
1947
.
5.Th
e W
TO m
ay c
oncl
ude
a he
adqu
arte
rs a
gree
men
t.
Art
icle
IX
Dec
isio
n-M
akin
g
1.Th
e W
TO s
hall
cont
inue
the
pra
ctic
e of
dec
isio
n-m
akin
g by
con
sens
us f
ollo
wed
und
erG
ATT
194
7.1
Exce
pt a
s ot
herw
ise
prov
ided
, whe
re a
dec
isio
n ca
nnot
be
arriv
ed a
t by
cons
ensu
s, th
em
atte
r at i
ssue
sha
ll be
dec
ided
by
votin
g. A
t mee
tings
of t
he M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce
and
the
Gen
eral
Cou
ncil,
eac
h M
embe
r of
the
WTO
sha
ll ha
ve o
ne v
ote.
Whe
re th
e Eu
rope
an C
omm
uniti
es e
xerc
ise
thei
r rig
ht to
vot
e, th
ey sh
all h
ave
a nu
mbe
r of v
otes
equ
al to
the
num
ber o
f the
ir m
embe
r Sta
tes2
whi
char
e M
embe
rs o
f the
WTO
. D
ecis
ions
of t
he M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce
and
the
Gen
eral
Cou
ncil
shal
l be
take
n by
a m
ajor
ity o
f th
e vo
tes
cast
, unl
ess
othe
rwis
e pr
ovid
ed in
this
Agr
eem
ent o
r in
the
rele
vant
Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
t.3
2.Th
e M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce
and
the
Gen
eral
Cou
ncil
shal
l hav
e th
e ex
clus
ive
auth
ority
to a
dopt
inte
rpre
tatio
ns o
f th
is A
gree
men
t an
d of
the
Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
ts.
In t
he c
ase
of a
nin
terp
reta
tion
of a
Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
t in
Ann
ex 1
, the
y sh
all e
xerc
ise
thei
r aut
horit
y on
the
basi
s of a
reco
mm
enda
tion
by th
e C
ounc
il ov
erse
eing
the
func
tioni
ng o
f tha
t Agr
eem
ent.
The
deci
sion
to a
dopt
an
inte
rpre
tatio
n sh
all b
e ta
ken
by a
thre
e-fo
urth
s m
ajor
ity o
f th
e M
embe
rs.
This
par
agra
phsh
all n
ot b
e us
ed in
a m
anne
r th
at w
ould
und
erm
ine
the
amen
dmen
t pro
visi
ons
in A
rticl
e X
.
3.In
exc
eptio
nal c
ircum
stan
ces,
the
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e m
ay d
ecid
e to
wai
ve a
n ob
ligat
ion
impo
sed
on a
Mem
ber
by th
is A
gree
men
t or
any
of th
e M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
, pro
vide
d th
at
1 The
bod
y co
ncer
ned
shal
l be
deem
ed to
hav
e de
cide
d by
con
sens
us o
n a
mat
ter
subm
itted
for
its
cons
ider
atio
n, if
no
Mem
ber,
pres
ent
at t
he m
eetin
g w
hen
the
deci
sion
is
take
n, f
orm
ally
obj
ects
to
the
prop
osed
dec
isio
n.
2 The
num
ber o
f vot
es o
f the
Eur
opea
n C
omm
uniti
es a
nd th
eir m
embe
r Sta
tes
shal
l in
no c
ase
exce
ed th
e nu
mbe
r of t
hem
embe
r St
ates
of
the
Euro
pean
Com
mun
ities
.
3 Dec
isio
ns b
y th
e G
ener
al C
ounc
il w
hen
conv
ened
as
the
Dis
pute
Set
tlem
ent B
ody
shal
l be
take
n on
ly in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
pro
visi
ons
of p
arag
raph
4 o
f A
rticl
e 2
of t
he D
ispu
te S
ettle
men
t U
nder
stan
ding
.
Page
14
any
such
dec
isio
n sh
all
be t
aken
by
thre
e fo
urth
s4 o
f th
e M
embe
rs u
nles
s ot
herw
ise
prov
ided
for
in
this
par
agra
ph.
(a)
A re
ques
t for
a w
aive
r con
cern
ing
this
Agr
eem
ent s
hall
be su
bmitt
ed to
the
Min
iste
rial
Con
fere
nce
for c
onsi
dera
tion
purs
uant
to th
e pr
actic
e of
dec
isio
n-m
akin
g by
con
sens
us.
The
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e sh
all e
stab
lish
a tim
e-pe
riod,
whi
ch s
hall
not e
xcee
d 90
day
s,to
con
side
r the
requ
est.
If c
onse
nsus
is n
ot re
ache
d du
ring
the
time-
perio
d, a
ny d
ecis
ion
to g
rant
a w
aive
r sh
all b
e ta
ken
by th
ree
four
ths4
of
the
Mem
bers
.
(b)
A r
eque
st f
or a
wai
ver
conc
erni
ng th
e M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
in A
nnex
es 1
Aor
1B
or 1
C a
nd th
eir a
nnex
es s
hall
be s
ubm
itted
initi
ally
to th
e C
ounc
il fo
r Tra
de in
Goo
ds, t
he C
ounc
il fo
r Tr
ade
in S
ervi
ces
or th
e C
ounc
il fo
r TR
IPS,
res
pect
ivel
y, f
orco
nsid
erat
ion
durin
g a
time-
perio
d w
hich
sha
ll no
t exc
eed
90 d
ays.
At t
he e
nd o
f the
time-
perio
d, th
e re
leva
nt C
ounc
il sh
all s
ubm
it a
repo
rt to
the
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e.
4.A
dec
isio
n by
the
Min
iste
rial
Con
fere
nce
gran
ting
a w
aive
r sh
all
stat
e th
e ex
cept
iona
lci
rcum
stan
ces j
ustif
ying
the
deci
sion
, the
term
s and
con
ditio
ns g
over
ning
the
appl
icat
ion
of th
e w
aive
r,an
d th
e da
te o
n w
hich
the
wai
ver
shal
l ter
min
ate.
Any
wai
ver
gran
ted
for
a pe
riod
of m
ore
than
one
year
sha
ll be
rev
iew
ed b
y th
e M
inis
teria
l C
onfe
renc
e no
t la
ter
than
one
yea
r af
ter
it is
gra
nted
, and
ther
eafte
r ann
ually
unt
il th
e wai
ver t
erm
inat
es. I
n ea
ch re
view
, the
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e sha
ll ex
amin
ew
heth
er t
he e
xcep
tiona
l ci
rcum
stan
ces
just
ifyin
g th
e w
aive
r st
ill e
xist
and
whe
ther
the
ter
ms
and
cond
ition
s atta
ched
to th
e w
aive
r hav
e be
en m
et.
The
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e, o
n th
e ba
sis o
f the
ann
ual
revi
ew, m
ay e
xten
d, m
odify
or
term
inat
e th
e w
aive
r.
5.D
ecis
ions
und
er a
Plu
rilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
t, in
clud
ing
any
deci
sion
s on
inte
rpre
tatio
ns a
ndw
aive
rs, s
hall
be g
over
ned
by th
e pr
ovis
ions
of
that
Agr
eem
ent.
Art
icle
X
Am
endm
ents
1.A
ny M
embe
r of t
he W
TO m
ay in
itiat
e a
prop
osal
to a
men
d th
e pr
ovis
ions
of t
his
Agr
eem
ent
or t
he M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
in
Ann
ex 1
by
subm
ittin
g su
ch p
ropo
sal
to t
he M
inis
teria
lC
onfe
renc
e.
The
Cou
ncils
lis
ted
in p
arag
raph
5 o
f A
rticl
e IV
may
als
o su
bmit
to t
he M
inis
teria
lC
onfe
renc
e pr
opos
als
to a
men
d th
e pr
ovis
ions
of
the
corr
espo
ndin
g M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
in A
nnex
1 t
he f
unct
ioni
ng o
f w
hich
the
y ov
erse
e.
Unl
ess
the
Min
iste
rial
Con
fere
nce
deci
des
on a
long
er p
erio
d, f
or a
per
iod
of 9
0 da
ys a
fter
the
prop
osal
has
bee
n ta
bled
for
mal
ly a
t th
e M
inis
teria
lC
onfe
renc
e an
y de
cisi
on b
y th
e M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce
to su
bmit
the
prop
osed
am
endm
ent t
o th
e M
embe
rsfo
r acc
epta
nce
shal
l be
take
n by
con
sens
us.
Unl
ess
the
prov
isio
ns o
f pa
ragr
aphs
2, 5
or
6 ap
ply,
that
deci
sion
sha
ll sp
ecify
whe
ther
the
prov
isio
ns o
f par
agra
phs
3 or
4 s
hall
appl
y. I
f con
sens
us is
reac
hed,
the
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e sh
all f
orth
with
subm
it th
e pr
opos
ed a
men
dmen
t to
the
Mem
bers
for a
ccep
tanc
e.If
con
sens
us is
not
rea
ched
at a
mee
ting
of th
e M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce
with
in th
e es
tabl
ishe
d pe
riod,
the
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e sh
all d
ecid
e by
a tw
o-th
irds
maj
ority
of
the
Mem
bers
whe
ther
to s
ubm
itth
e pr
opos
ed a
men
dmen
t to
the
Mem
bers
for
acc
epta
nce.
Exc
ept a
s pr
ovid
ed in
par
agra
phs
2, 5
and
6, th
e pro
visi
ons o
f par
agra
ph 3
shal
l app
ly to
the p
ropo
sed
amen
dmen
t, un
less
the M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce
deci
des
by a
thre
e-fo
urth
s m
ajor
ity o
f th
e M
embe
rs th
at th
e pr
ovis
ions
of
para
grap
h 4
shal
l app
ly.
2.A
men
dmen
ts to
the
prov
isio
ns o
f th
is A
rticl
e an
d to
the
prov
isio
ns o
f th
e fo
llow
ing
Arti
cles
shal
l tak
e ef
fect
onl
y up
on a
ccep
tanc
e by
all
Mem
bers
:
4 A d
ecis
ion
to g
rant
a w
aive
r in
resp
ect o
f any
obl
igat
ion
subj
ect t
o a t
rans
ition
per
iod
or a
perio
d fo
r sta
ged
impl
emen
tatio
nth
at t
he r
eque
stin
g M
embe
r ha
s no
t pe
rfor
med
by
the
end
of t
he r
elev
ant
perio
d sh
all
be t
aken
onl
y by
con
sens
us.
10
-
Page
15
Arti
cle
IX o
f th
is A
gree
men
t;A
rticl
es I
and
II
of G
ATT
199
4;
Arti
cle
II:1
of
GA
TS;
Arti
cle
4 of
the
Agr
eem
ent o
n TR
IPS.
3.A
men
dmen
ts t
o pr
ovis
ions
of
this
Agr
eem
ent,
or o
f th
e M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
in
Ann
exes
1A
and
1C
, oth
er th
an th
ose
liste
d in
par
agra
phs 2
and
6, o
f a n
atur
e th
at w
ould
alte
r the
righ
tsan
d ob
ligat
ions
of
the
Mem
bers
, sh
all
take
eff
ect
for
the
Mem
bers
tha
t ha
ve a
ccep
ted
them
upo
nac
cept
ance
by
two
third
s of
the
Mem
bers
and
ther
eafte
r fo
r ea
ch o
ther
Mem
ber
upon
acc
epta
nce
byit.
Th
e M
inis
teria
l C
onfe
renc
e m
ay d
ecid
e by
a t
hree
-fou
rths
maj
ority
of
the
Mem
bers
tha
t an
yam
endm
ent m
ade
effe
ctiv
e un
der
this
par
agra
ph is
of
such
a n
atur
e th
at a
ny M
embe
r w
hich
has
not
acce
pted
it w
ithin
a p
erio
d sp
ecifi
ed b
y th
e M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce
in e
ach
case
shal
l be
free
to w
ithdr
awfr
om th
e W
TO o
r to
rem
ain
a M
embe
r w
ith th
e co
nsen
t of
the
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e.
4.A
men
dmen
ts t
o pr
ovis
ions
of
this
Agr
eem
ent
or o
f th
e M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
in
Ann
exes
1A
and
1C
, oth
er t
han
thos
e lis
ted
in p
arag
raph
s 2
and
6, o
f a
natu
re t
hat
wou
ld n
ot a
lter
the
right
s an
d ob
ligat
ions
of
the
Mem
bers
, sha
ll ta
ke e
ffec
t for
all
Mem
bers
upo
n ac
cept
ance
by
two
third
s of
the
Mem
bers
.
5.Ex
cept
as
prov
ided
in p
arag
raph
2 a
bove
, am
endm
ents
to P
arts
I, I
I an
d II
I of
GA
TS a
nd th
ere
spec
tive
anne
xes
shal
l tak
e ef
fect
for t
he M
embe
rs th
at h
ave
acce
pted
them
upo
n ac
cept
ance
by
two
third
s of t
he M
embe
rs an
d th
erea
fter f
or ea
ch M
embe
r upo
n ac
cept
ance
by
it. T
he M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce
may
dec
ide
by a
thre
e-fo
urth
s m
ajor
ity o
f the
Mem
bers
that
any
am
endm
ent m
ade
effe
ctiv
e un
der t
hepr
eced
ing
prov
isio
n is
of
such
a n
atur
e th
at a
ny M
embe
r w
hich
has
not
acc
epte
d it
with
in a
per
iod
spec
ified
by
the
Min
iste
rial
Con
fere
nce
in e
ach
case
sha
ll be
fre
e to
with
draw
fro
m t
he W
TO o
r to
rem
ain
a M
embe
r w
ith th
e co
nsen
t of
the
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e.
Am
endm
ents
to
Parts
IV
, V a
ndV
I of G
ATS
and
the
resp
ectiv
e an
nexe
s sha
ll ta
ke e
ffec
t for
all
Mem
bers
upo
n ac
cept
ance
by
two
third
sof
the
Mem
bers
.
6.N
otw
ithst
andi
ng th
e ot
her p
rovi
sion
s of
this
Arti
cle,
am
endm
ents
to th
e A
gree
men
t on
TRIP
Sm
eetin
g th
e re
quire
men
ts o
f pa
ragr
aph
2 of
Arti
cle
71 t
here
of m
ay b
e ad
opte
d by
the
Min
iste
rial
Con
fere
nce
with
out f
urth
er f
orm
al a
ccep
tanc
e pr
oces
s.
7.A
ny M
embe
r acc
eptin
g an
am
endm
ent t
o th
is A
gree
men
t or t
o a
Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
tin
Ann
ex 1
sha
ll de
posi
t an
inst
rum
ent o
f ac
cept
ance
with
the
Dire
ctor
-Gen
eral
of
the
WTO
with
inth
e pe
riod
of a
ccep
tanc
e sp
ecifi
ed b
y th
e M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce.
8.A
ny M
embe
r of t
he W
TO m
ay in
itiat
e a
prop
osal
to a
men
d th
e pr
ovis
ions
of t
he M
ultil
ater
alTr
ade
Agr
eem
ents
in
Ann
exes
2 a
nd 3
by
subm
ittin
g su
ch p
ropo
sal
to t
he M
inis
teria
l C
onfe
renc
e.Th
e de
cisi
on to
app
rove
am
endm
ents
to th
e M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ent i
n A
nnex
2 s
hall
be m
ade
by c
onse
nsus
and
thes
e am
endm
ents
shal
l tak
e ef
fect
for a
ll M
embe
rs u
pon
appr
oval
by
the
Min
iste
rial
Con
fere
nce.
Dec
isio
ns to
app
rove
am
endm
ents
to th
e M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ent i
n A
nnex
3 s
hall
take
eff
ect f
or a
ll M
embe
rs u
pon
appr
oval
by
the
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e.
9.Th
e M
inis
teria
l C
onfe
renc
e, u
pon
the
requ
est
of t
he M
embe
rs p
artie
s to
a t
rade
agr
eem
ent,
may
dec
ide
excl
usiv
ely
by c
onse
nsus
to a
dd th
at a
gree
men
t to
Ann
ex 4
. Th
e M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce,
upon
the
requ
est o
f th
e M
embe
rs p
artie
s to
a P
luril
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ent,
may
dec
ide
to d
elet
e th
atA
gree
men
t fro
m A
nnex
4.
10.
Am
endm
ents
to
a Pl
urila
tera
l Tr
ade
Agr
eem
ent
shal
l be
gov
erne
d by
the
pro
visi
ons
of t
hat
Agr
eem
ent.
Page
16
Art
icle
XI
Ori
gina
lMem
bers
hip
1.Th
e co
ntra
ctin
g pa
rties
to
GA
TT 1
947
as o
f th
e da
te o
f en
try i
nto
forc
e of
thi
s A
gree
men
t,an
d th
e Eu
rope
an C
omm
uniti
es, w
hich
acc
ept t
his
Agr
eem
ent a
nd th
e M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
and
for w
hich
Sch
edul
es o
f Con
cess
ions
and
Com
mitm
ents
are
ann
exed
to G
ATT
199
4 an
d fo
r whi
chSc
hedu
les o
f Spe
cific
Com
mitm
ents
are a
nnex
ed to
GA
TS sh
all b
ecom
e orig
inal
Mem
bers
of t
he W
TO.
2.Th
e le
ast-d
evel
oped
cou
ntrie
s re
cogn
ized
as
such
by
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
will
onl
y be
requ
ired
to u
nder
take
com
mitm
ents
and
con
cess
ions
to th
e ex
tent
con
sist
ent w
ith th
eir i
ndiv
idua
l dev
elop
men
t,fin
anci
al a
nd tr
ade
need
s or
thei
r ad
min
istra
tive
and
inst
itutio
nal c
apab
ilitie
s.
Art
icle
XII
Acc
essi
on
1.A
ny S
tate
or s
epar
ate
cust
oms
terr
itory
pos
sess
ing
full
auto
nom
y in
the
cond
uct o
f its
ext
erna
lco
mm
erci
al re
latio
ns a
nd o
f the
oth
er m
atte
rs p
rovi
ded
for i
n th
is A
gree
men
t and
the
Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
deA
gree
men
ts m
ay a
cced
e to
this
Agr
eem
ent,
on te
rms t
o be
agr
eed
betw
een
it an
d th
e W
TO.
Such
acc
es-
sion
sha
ll ap
ply
to th
is A
gree
men
t and
the
Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
ts a
nnex
ed th
eret
o.
2.D
ecis
ions
on
acce
ssio
n sh
all b
e tak
en b
y th
e Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e. T
he M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce
shal
l app
rove
the
agre
emen
t on
the
term
s of
acc
essi
on b
y a
two-
third
s m
ajor
ity o
f the
Mem
bers
of t
heW
TO.
3.A
cces
sion
to
a Pl
urila
tera
l Tr
ade
Agr
eem
ent
shal
l be
gov
erne
d by
the
pro
visi
ons
of t
hat
Agr
eem
ent.
Art
icle
XII
I
Non
-App
licat
ion
of M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
betw
een
Part
icul
ar M
embe
rs
1.Th
is A
gree
men
t an
d th
e M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
in
Ann
exes
1 a
nd 2
sha
ll no
t ap
ply
as b
etw
een
any
Mem
ber
and
any
othe
r M
embe
r if
eith
er o
f th
e M
embe
rs, a
t the
tim
e ei
ther
bec
omes
a M
embe
r, do
es n
ot c
onse
nt to
suc
h ap
plic
atio
n.
2.Pa
ragr
aph
1 m
ay b
e in
voke
d be
twee
n or
igin
al M
embe
rs o
f th
e W
TO w
hich
wer
e co
ntra
ctin
gpa
rties
to G
ATT
194
7 on
ly w
here
Arti
cle
XX
XV
of t
hat A
gree
men
t had
bee
n in
voke
d ea
rlier
and
was
effe
ctiv
e as
bet
wee
n th
ose
cont
ract
ing
parti
es a
t the
tim
e of
ent
ry in
to fo
rce
for t
hem
of t
his A
gree
men
t.
3.Pa
ragr
aph
1 sh
all
appl
y be
twee
n a
Mem
ber
and
anot
her
Mem
ber
whi
ch h
as a
cced
ed u
nder
Arti
cle
XII
onl
y if
the
Mem
ber n
ot c
onse
ntin
g to
the
appl
icat
ion
has s
o no
tifie
d th
e M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce
befo
re th
e ap
prov
al o
f th
e ag
reem
ent o
n th
e te
rms
of a
cces
sion
by
the
Min
iste
rial C
onfe
renc
e.
4.Th
e M
inis
teria
l Con
fere
nce
may
revi
ew th
e op
erat
ion
of th
is A
rticl
e in
par
ticul
ar c
ases
at t
here
ques
t of
any
Mem
ber
and
mak
e ap
prop
riate
rec
omm
enda
tions
.
5.N
on-a
pplic
atio
n of
a P
luril
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ent b
etw
een
parti
es to
that
Agr
eem
ent s
hall
bego
vern
ed b
y th
e pr
ovis
ions
of
that
Agr
eem
ent.
11
-
Page
17
Art
icle
XIV
Acc
epta
nce,
Ent
ry in
to F
orce
and
Dep
osit
1.Th
is A
gree
men
t sha
ll be
ope
n fo
r acc
epta
nce,
by
sign
atur
e or
oth
erw
ise,
by
cont
ract
ing
parti
esto
GA
TT 1
947,
and
the
Eur
opea
n C
omm
uniti
es, w
hich
are
elig
ible
to
beco
me
orig
inal
Mem
bers
of
the
WTO
in
acco
rdan
ce w
ith A
rticl
e X
I of
thi
s A
gree
men
t. Su
ch a
ccep
tanc
e sh
all
appl
y to
thi
sA
gree
men
t and
the M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
anne
xed
here
to. T
his A
gree
men
t and
the M
ultil
ater
alTr
ade A
gree
men
ts an
nexe
d he
reto
shal
l ent
er in
to fo
rce o
n th
e dat
e det
erm
ined
by
Min
iste
rs in
acco
rdan
cew
ith p
arag
raph
3 o
f the
Fin
al A
ct E
mbo
dyin
g th
e R
esul
ts o
f the
Uru
guay
Rou
nd o
f Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
deN
egot
iatio
ns a
nd s
hall
rem
ain
open
for a
ccep
tanc
e fo
r a p
erio
d of
two
year
s fo
llow
ing
that
dat
e un
less
the
Min
iste
rs d
ecid
e ot
herw
ise.
An
acce
ptan
ce fo
llow
ing
the
entry
into
forc
e of
this
Agr
eem
ent s
hall
ente
r in
to f
orce
on
the
30th
day
fol
low
ing
the
date
of
such
acc
epta
nce.
2.A
Mem
ber w
hich
acc
epts
this
Agr
eem
ent a
fter i
ts e
ntry
into
forc
e sh
all i
mpl
emen
t tho
se c
on-
cess
ions
and
obl
igat
ions
in th
e M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
that
are
to b
e im
plem
ente
d ov
er a
per
iod
of ti
me
star
ting
with
the
entry
into
for
ce o
f th
is A
gree
men
t as
if it
had
acce
pted
this
Agr
eem
ent o
nth
e da
te o
f its
ent
ry in
to f
orce
.
3.U
ntil
the
entry
into
for
ce o
f th
is A
gree
men
t, th
e te
xt o
f th
is A
gree
men
t and
the
Mul
tilat
eral
Trad
e A
gree
men
ts s
hall
be d
epos
ited
with
the
Dire
ctor
-Gen
eral
to th
e C
ON
TRA
CTI
NG
PA
RTI
ES to
GA
TT 1
947.
The
Dire
ctor
-Gen
eral
sha
ll pr
ompt
ly fu
rnis
h a
certi
fied
true
copy
of t
his
Agr
eem
ent a
ndth
e M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
, and
a n
otifi
catio
n of
eac
h ac
cept
ance
ther
eof,
to e
ach
gove
rnm
ent
and
the
Euro
pean
Com
mun
ities
hav
ing
acce
pted
this
Agr
eem
ent.
This
Agr
eem
ent a
nd th
e M
ultil
ater
alTr
ade
Agr
eem
ents
, and
any
am
endm
ents
ther
eto,
sha
ll, u
pon
the
entry
into
for
ce o
f th
is A
gree
men
t,be
dep
osite
d w
ith th
e D
irect
or-G
ener
al o
f th
e W
TO.
4.Th
e ac
cept
ance
and
ent
ry in
to f
orce
of
a Pl
urila
tera
l Tra
de A
gree
men
t sha
ll be
gov
erne
d by
the
prov
isio
ns o
f th
at A
gree
men
t. Su
ch A
gree
men
ts s
hall
be d
epos
ited
with
the
Dire
ctor
-Gen
eral
toth
e C
ON
TRA
CTI
NG
PA
RTI
ES to
GA
TT 1
947.
U
pon
the
entry
into
for
ce o
f th
is A
gree
men
t, su
chA
gree
men
ts s
hall
be d
epos
ited
with
the
Dire
ctor
-Gen
eral
of
the
WTO
.
Art
icle
XV
With
draw
al
1.A
ny M
embe
r m
ay w
ithdr
aw f
rom
this
Agr
eem
ent.
Such
with
draw
al s
hall
appl
y bo
th to
this
Agr
eem
ent a
nd th
e Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
ts an
d sh
all t
ake e
ffec
t upo
n th
e exp
iratio
n of
six
mon
ths
from
the
date
on
whi
ch w
ritte
n no
tice
of w
ithdr
awal
is re
ceiv
ed b
y th
e D
irect
or-G
ener
al o
f the
WTO
.
2.W
ithdr
awal
fro
m a
Plu
rilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
t sha
ll be
gov
erne
d by
the
prov
isio
ns o
f th
atA
gree
men
t.
Art
icle
XV
I
Mis
cella
neou
s Pr
ovis
ions
1.Ex
cept
as
othe
rwis
e pr
ovid
ed u
nder
this
Agr
eem
ent o
r the
Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
ts, t
heW
TO s
hall
be g
uide
d by
the
dec
isio
ns,
proc
edur
es a
nd c
usto
mar
y pr
actic
es f
ollo
wed
by
the
CO
NTR
AC
TIN
G P
AR
TIES
to G
ATT
194
7 an
d th
e bod
ies e
stab
lishe
d in
the f
ram
ewor
k of
GA
TT 1
947.
Page
18
2.To
the
ext
ent
prac
ticab
le, t
he S
ecre
taria
t of
GA
TT 1
947
shal
l be
com
e th
e Se
cret
aria
t of
the
WTO
, and
the
Dire
ctor
-Gen
eral
to
the
CO
NTR
AC
TIN
G P
AR
TIES
to
GA
TT 1
947,
unt
il su
ch t
ime
as t
he M
inis
teria
l C
onfe
renc
e ha
s ap
poin
ted
a D
irect
or-G
ener
al i
n ac
cord
ance
with
par
agra
ph 2
of
Arti
cle
VI
of th
is A
gree
men
t, sh
all s
erve
as
Dire
ctor
-Gen
eral
of
the
WTO
.
3.In
the
even
t of a
con
flict
bet
wee
n a
prov
isio
n of
this
Agr
eem
ent a
nd a
pro
visi
on o
f any
of t
heM
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
, the
pro
visi
on o
f thi
s Agr
eem
ent s
hall
prev
ail t
o th
e ext
ent o
f the
conf
lict.
4.Ea
ch M
embe
r sha
ll en
sure
the c
onfo
rmity
of i
ts la
ws,
regu
latio
ns an
d ad
min
istra
tive p
roce
dure
sw
ith it
s ob
ligat
ions
as
prov
ided
in th
e an
nexe
d A
gree
men
ts.
5.N
o re
serv
atio
ns m
ay b
e m
ade
in r
espe
ct o
f an
y pr
ovis
ion
of t
his
Agr
eem
ent.
Res
erva
tions
in re
spec
t of a
ny o
f the
pro
visi
ons o
f the
Mul
tilat
eral
Tra
de A
gree
men
ts m
ay o
nly
be m
ade
to th
e ex
tent
prov
ided
for
in
thos
e A
gree
men
ts.
Res
erva
tions
in
resp
ect
of a
pro
visi
on o
f a
Plur
ilate
ral
Trad
eA
gree
men
t sha
ll be
gov
erne
d by
the
prov
isio
ns o
f th
at A
gree
men
t.
6.Th
is A
gree
men
t sha
ll be
regi
ster
ed in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
prov
isio
ns o
f Arti
cle
102
of th
e C
harte
rof
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
.
DO
NE
at M
arra
kesh
thi
s fif
teen
th d
ay o
f A
pril
one
thou
sand
nin
e hu
ndre
d an
d ni
nety
-fou
r,in
a s
ingl
e co
py, i
n th
e En
glis
h, F
renc
h an
d Sp
anis
h la
ngua
ges,
eac
h te
xt b
eing
aut
hent
ic.
Expl
anat
ory
Not
es:
The t
erm
s "co
untry
" or "
coun
tries
" as u
sed
in th
is A
gree
men
t and
the M
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
are t
o be
und
erst
ood
to in
clud
e an
y se
para
te c
usto
ms
terr
itory
Mem
ber
of th
e W
TO.
In t
he c
ase
of a
sep
arat
e cu
stom
s te
rrito
ry M
embe
r of
the
WTO
, w
here
an
expr
essi
on i
n th
is A
gree
men
t an
d th
eM
ultil
ater
al T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
is q
ualif
ied
by th
e te
rm "
natio
nal"
, suc
h ex
pres
sion
sha
ll be
rea
d as
per
tain
ing
to th
at c
usto
ms
terr
itory
, unl
ess
othe
rwis
e sp
ecifi
ed.
12
-
Page
19
LIS
T O
F A
NN
EX
ES
AN
NEX
1
AN
NEX
1A
: M
ultil
ater
al A
gree
men
ts o
n Tr
ade
in G
oods
Gen
eral
Agr
eem
ent o
n Ta
riffs
and
Tra
de19
94A
gree
men
t on
Agr
icul
ture
Agr
eem
ent o
n th
e A
pplic
atio
n of
San
itary
and
Phy
tosa
nita
ry M
easu
res
Agr
eem
ent o
n Te
xtile
s an
d C
loth
ing
Agr
eem
ent o
n Te
chni
cal B
arrie
rs to
Tra
deA
gree
men
t on
Trad
e-R
elat
ed I
nves
tmen
t Mea
sure
sA
gree
men
t on
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
Arti
cle
VI o
f the
Gen
eral
Agr
eem
ent o
n Ta
riffs
and
Tra
de 1
994
Agr
eem
ent o
n Im
plem
enta
tion
of A
rticl
e V
II o
f the
Gen
eral
Agr
eem
ent o
n Ta
riffs
and
Tra
de 1
994
Agr
eem
ent o
n Pr
eshi
pmen
t Ins
pect
ion
Agr
eem
ent o
n R
ules
of
Orig
inA
gree
men
t on
Impo
rt Li
cens
ing
Proc
edur
esA
gree
men
t on
Subs
idie
s an
d C
ount
erva
iling
Mea
sure
sA
gree
men
t on
Safe
guar
ds
AN
NEX
1B
: G
ener
al A
gree
men
t on
Trad
e in
Ser
vice
s an
d A
nnex
es
AN
NEX
1C
: A
gree
men
t on
Trad
e-R
elat
ed A
spec
ts o
f In
telle
ctua
l Pro
perty
Rig
hts
AN
NEX
2
Und
erst
andi
ng o
n R
ules
and
Pro
cedu
res
Gov
erni
ng th
e Se
ttlem
ent o
f D
ispu
tes
AN
NEX
3
Trad
e Po
licy
Rev
iew
Mec
hani
sm
AN
NEX
4
Plur
ilate
ral T
rade
Agr
eem
ents
Agr
eem
ent o
n Tr
ade
in C
ivil
Airc
raft
Agr
eem
ent o
n G
over
nmen
t Pro
cure
men
tIn
tern
atio
nal D
airy
Agr
eem
ent
Inte
rnat
iona
l Bov
ine
Mea
t Agr
eem
ent
13
-
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, 1947
(now incorporated into GATT 1994)
-
TH
E G
EN
ER
AL
AG
RE
EM
EN
T O
N T
AR
IFFS
AN
D T
RA
DE
("G
ATT
194
7")
PAR
T I.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...4
Art
icle
I: G
ener
al M
ost-F
avou
red-
Nat
ion
Trea
tmen
t....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....4
Art
icle
II: S
ched
ules
of C
once
ssio
ns...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.5
PAR
T II
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...6
Art
icle
III*
: Nat
iona
l Tre
atm
ent o
n In
tern
al T
axat
ion
and
Reg
ulat
ion
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
6A
rtic
le IV
: Spe
cial
Pro
visi
ons r
elat
ing
to C
inem
atog
raph
Film
s....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
7A
rtic
le V
: Fre
edom
of T
rans
it...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
8A
rtic
le V
I: A
nti-d
umpi
ng a
nd C
ount
erva
iling
Dut
ies..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.9A
rtic
le V
II: V
alua
tion
for C
usto
ms P
urpo
ses.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
10A
rtic
le V
III:
Fee
s and
For
mal
ities
con
nect
ed w
ith Im
porta
tion
and
Expo
rtatio
n*...
......
......
......
.11
Art
icle
IX: M
arks
of O
rigin
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....1
2A
rtic
le X
: Pub
licat
ion
and
Adm
inis
tratio
n of
Tra
de R
egul
atio
ns...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....1
3A
rtic
le X
I*: G
ener
al E
limin
atio
n of
Qua
ntita
tive
Res
trict
ions
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....1
3A
rtic
le X
II*:
Res
trict
ions
to S
afeg
uard
the
Bal
ance
of P
aym
ents
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
14A
rtic
le X
III*
: Non
-dis
crim
inat
ory
Adm
inis
tratio
n of
Qua
ntita
tive
Res
trict
ions
......
......
......
......
..16
Art
icle
XIV
*: E
xcep
tions
to th
e R
ule
of N
on-d
iscr
imin
atio
n....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...18
Art
icle
XV
: Exc