study guide for structural engineering exam€¦ · ie industrial engineering me mechanical...
TRANSCRIPT
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Engineering Fundamentals Exam
Study Guide For
Structural Engineering Exam
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COPYRIGHT NOTICE
Copyrights © 2014 National Center for Assessment in Higher
Education (QIYAS) and Saudi Council of Engineers (SCE) Unless
stated otherwise, copyright in this report (including content and
design) is owned by the National Center for Assessment in Higher
Education (QIYAS) - Riyadh – Saudi Arabia. EXCEPT with the
expressed written permission from QIYAS, you may not
reproduce, use (in particular for academic or commercial
purposes), store in a retrieval system, adapt, modify, communicate
to the public or photocopy any part of this report.
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1. Objectives
The aim of this manual is to provide guidelines for the examinees about the exam
structure, timing, percentage of question coverage and distribution among various topic
areas. In essence, the manual represents the bridge between the developed Structural
Engineering Standards and the actual phrased questions, which constitute the tests to be
administered. It is designed to familiarize the examinees with the test questions formats
and contents.
2. Contents
This study guide contains essential information for the examinees. Specifically, the
following topics are presented in this manual:
Exam structure, exam schedule and organization, exam type, eligibility for exam, and
exam rules
Organization of the exam framework
Table of Specifications which includes an overview of the table, its structure and
contents
Sample of questions and solutions for the Structural Engineering discipline
3. Exam Structure
The exam is conducted in two sessions and the duration of each session is 3 hours.
3.1 General Engineering Exam
The first session covers the General Engineering topics. These include the following fourteen
topics:
1. Mathematics
2. Probability and Statistics
3. Computer Literacy
4. Statics and Dynamics
5. Chemistry
6. Thermodynamics
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7. Fluid Mechanics
8. Materials Science and Engineering
9. Electricity and Magnetism
10. Engineering Drawing
11. Engineering Economics
12. Project Management
13. Ethics
14. General Skills
a. Use analytical thinking (logical deductions, statements and assumptions,
cause and effect, verbal reasoning, analyzing arguments, statements and
conclusions, break a complex problem into smaller problems and solve
them)
b. Use effective communication in writing, orally, and graphically
c. Work cooperatively with other team members to deliver the required
outcomes
d. Set goals and ways for personal development
e. Strive for ways to resolve conflicts while being sensitive to others opinions
f. Be able to use time and available resources in an efficient way
g. Recognize and interpret environmental, social, cultural, political and safety
considerations in engineering solutions.
h. Recognize decision making process
i. Recognize major engineering concepts outside the discipline.
j. Interpret uncertainties in measurements and calculations
k. Analyze and interpret data
l. Apply evaluation criteria and contemporary knowledge to select the
optimum design from alternative solutions
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3.2 Engineering Discipline Exam
The second session covers the Engineering Standards and is based on topics associated with
one of the following engineering disciplines:
Code Discipline
CE Civil Engineering
CHE Chemical Engineering
EE Electrical Engineering
IE Industrial Engineering
ME Mechanical Engineering
SE Structural Engineering
4. Exam Implementation
The exam consists of two sessions:
The first session consists of General Engineering Exam. The total duration of this
session is 3 hours with a total number of 90 questions.
The second session consists of Engineering Discipline Exam. This session consists of
50 questions with a total time of 3 hours.
5. Exam Type
The exam is initially paper-based and will become computer based in a later stage. The
exam, in both sessions, is of a multiple choice type where each question has four choices
for the answer. There is no negative marking for wrong answers.
6. Eligibility for the Exam
Bachelor degree holders in an Engineering discipline i.e., Chemical Engineering, Civil
Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering,
and Structural Engineering.
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7. Exam Rules
Books, lecture notes, or any type of materials are not allowed in the exam. Necessary
reference sheets, monographs, equations, relevant data from codes will be provided in
the exam.
Calculators approved by Exam authorities are allowed.
Admission in the examination center will be only through authorized admission card
Examinees are subjected to all the rules and procedures applied by National Center
for Assessment in Higher Education (Qiyas)
8. Organization of the Exam Framework
The core topics constitute the basis of this Engineering Exam. Indicators are used to
describe the knowledge to be tested in each topic. Each of these indicators is further
subdivided into three major levels following the recent Bloom’s taxonomy of learning
levels (Remembering and Understanding; Applying and Analyzing; and Evaluating and
Creating).
Example
Topic: T2: Structural Analysis
Indicator: SE-T2-03: Analyze statically determinate structures using
equations of equilibrium
Learning Level: Applying and Analyzing (AA)
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9. Table of Specifications
9.1 Overview
The Table of Specifications is a map which facilitates the transformation of the
Engineering Standards for each Topic Area into balanced and coherent question sheets to
be used in the proposed Exam The Table of Specifications is essentially a tableau
structure which distributes, vertically, the exam Questions among various Topic Areas in
accordance with the applicable Engineering Standards and, horizontally, over various
Learning Levels (Remembering and Understanding, Applying and Analyzing, Evaluating
and Creating).
9.2 Structure and Contents
The table below constitutes the Table of Specifications for the Structural Engineering
Discipline. The Table of Specifications contains the following columns:
9.2.1 Topic Area
These are the widely recognized Topic areas, which are covered in the Structural
Engineering Discipline, namely:
1. Mechanics
2. Structural Analysis
3. Design of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Structures
4. Design of Steel Structures
5. Materials
9.2.2 % of Test
This column summarizes the total percentage (of the total test) allocated for each Topic Area.
9.2.3 Suggested Number of Questions
This column indicates the number of questions to be allocated for each Engineering Standard.
The total number of questions per test conforms to the general guidelines which govern the
total duration of the test. In the present case, 50 questions are included in each Discipline.
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9.2.4 Engineering Standards
This column lists the Engineering Standards to be addressed under each Topic Area.
Standards are coded SE-TJ (where SE denotes the Structural Engineering Discipline, TJ
denotes the Topic Number J), whereas the Indicators are coded SE-TJ-K (where K denotes
the Indicator number).
For example: SE-T2-5 is for the question in Structural Engineering (SE) that represents
Topic 2 (Structural Analysis) and Indicator 5.
9.2.5 Assigned Allocations among Learning Levels
The three sub-columns (Remembering and Understanding (RU), Applying and Analyzing
(AA), and Evaluating and Creating (EC)) under this main column specify the question
distribution among the three Learning Levels. For example, for the Design of RC Structures
Principles (SE-T3), there are three questions assigned to Learning Level RU, six questions
for AA, and six questions for EC. It is to be noted that the Learning Levels used in the Table
of Specifications represent the so-called cognitive levels/processes (levels of thinking) in the
revised Bloom's taxonomy.
It is also important to note that the distribution of questions among various Topic Areas
follows a careful and rigorous question allocation process, which ensures that appropriate
relative levels of coverage are maintained for the various Learning Levels. For Structural
Engineering, the distribution of questions (for all Topic Areas) among the three Learning
Levels is 13 questions (26%) for Remembering and Understanding, 24 questions (48%) for
Applying and Analyzing, and 13 questions (26%) for Evaluating and Creating.
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Table of Specifications for Structural Engineering Exam
Topic Area % of Test
# Q Engineering
Standard
Assigned Allocations of Questions among Learning Levels
Remembering and
Understanding
Applying and
Analyzing
Evaluating and
Creating
T1- Mechanics 10 5 SE-T1 2 2 1
T2- Structural Analysis 30 15 SE-T2 4 8 3
T3- Design of RC Structures 30 15 SE-T3 3 6 6
T4- Design of Steel Structures 10 5 SE-T4 1 2 2
T5- Materials 20 10 SE-T5 3 6 1
100 50 13
(26%) 24
(48%) 13
(26%)
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10. Sample Questions
A sample of questions is shown in the following tabular format in accordance with the
following instructions.
1. For Learning Levels
RU for Remembering and Understanding
AA for Applying and Analyzing
EC for Evaluating and Creating
2. References sheets are denoted in the last column of the Table
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Q. No.
Topic Area Indicator
Code Learning
Level Question Statement (Answer’s Choices)
Answer Expected
Time (min)
Supplied Reference
1 Mechanics SE-T1-01 RU
The shown rectangular section is for a reinforced
concrete column, which supports an eccentric
compressive load P acting at point B. The
combined normal and bending stresses at point A
is:
A) bh
P
hb
Pex 2
6 B)
bh
P
bh
Pex 2
6
C) hb
P
hb
Pex 2
6 D)
hb
P
bh
Pex 2
6
B 3 – 4 None
Table of Questions Sample
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2 Structural
Analysis SE-T2-09 EC
All the three members of the frame shown below
are of equal length and of the same flexural rigidity
EI. If a moment of 11 kN.m is applied at joint B, the
rotation of the joint is:
A) EI
1
B) EI
2
C) EI
3
D) EI
4
B 3 – 4 Reference
#2
A
2 m
2 m 2 m
11 kN.m
B
C D
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3 Structural
Analysis SE-T2-04 A
For the shown loaded truss, the internal forces (kN) in the members CD,
CE, DE and EF are, respectively:
A) 0, 15, 0, 0
B) 0, -15, 0, 0
C) 15, 0, 0, 0
D) -15, 0, 0, 0
Note: Negative sign indicates compressive internal force in a member
A 3 –
4 None
B
D A
4 m
2 m 4 m 4 m
15 kN 10 kN
C
E F
G
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4
Design of
RC
Structures
SE-T3-02 AA
A rectangular reinforced concrete beam section is shown below. If the
shear carried by the concrete and stirrups are 180 kN and 120 kN,
respectively, then the design shear strength of the section (in kN) is:
A) 120
B) 180
C) 225
D) 300
C 2 –
2.5 None
5
Design of
RC
Structures
SE-T3-08 EC
For the beam section shown, the 28-day compressive strength of
concrete (fc’) is 30 MPa and the yielding strength of steel (fy) is 420 MPa.
According to the Saudi Building Code “SBC 304” (Structural – Concrete
Structures) section 10.2.7, the nominal moment capacity (kN.m) of the
beam is:
(All dimensions are in mm)
A 3 –
4
Reference
#5
h
b
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A) 138.2
B) 178.2
C) 195.8
D) 210.6
6 Materials SE-T5-05 AA
A 24 kg of aggregate is sieved through 9.5 mm, 4.75 mm, 2.36 mm, 1.18
mm, 600 µm, 300 µm and 150 µm standard sieves and the masses
retained in each sieve are 0 kg, 0.6 kg, 3 kg, 4.8 kg, 5.6 kg, 5 kg, and 4
kg, respectively. The fineness modulus of this aggregate is:
A) 2.75
B) 2.80
C) 2.85
D) 2.90
C 3 –
4 None
375450
300
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Hint: According to ASTM C125, the fineness modulus of aggregates is
calculated by adding the cumulative percentage of mass retained on
each of specified series of sieves.
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Reference #2
The stiffness of a joint (k) in a member of length L is equal to:
𝑘 = {
4𝐸𝐼
𝐿 opposite and fixed
3𝐸𝐼
𝐿 opposite and pinned
Reference #5
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11. Solution of the Sample Questions
Question #1:
Topic Area: Mechanics
Learning Level: Remembering and Understanding
Indicator:
SE-T1-01 Evaluate axial, normal, shear and bending stresses in prismatic bars of rectangular and circular cross sections
Question Statement:
C) hb
P
hb
Pex 2
6 D)
hb
P
bh
Pex 2
6
The shown rectangular section is for a reinforced concrete column, which supports an
eccentric compressive load P acting at point B. The combined normal and bending
stresses at point A is:
A) bh
P
hb
Pex 2
6 B)
bh
P
bh
Pex 2
6
Answer:
B
Supplied Reference: None
Estimated Solution Time by Examinee: 3.0 – 4.0 minutes
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Remarks: The objective of this question is to ensure that the examinee can
formulate and determine stresses
Solution:
At point A, xM is causing tensile stresses and P is causing compressive stress.
Thus, the stress at point A is given by:
A
P
Z
M
x
xA
where
xZ & A = the section modulus about x and the area of the section, respectively
6
2bhZ x
bhA
The bending moments resulted from the load P is:
xx ePM
bh
P
bh
PexA
2
6 (Ans.)
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Question #2:
Topic Area: Structural Analysis
Learning Level: Evaluating and Creating
Indicator:
SE-T2-09 Analyze indeterminate beams and frames using different methods including both classic and numerical methods
Question Statement:
D) EI
4
All the three members of the frame shown below are of equal length and of the same
flexural rigidity EI. If a moment of 11 kN.m is applied at joint B, the rotation of the
joint is:
A) EI
1
B) EI
2
C) EI
3
A
2 m
2 m 2 m
11 kN.m
B C D
Answer:
B
Supplied Reference: Reference #2
Estimated Solution Time by Examinee: 3.0 – 4.0 minutes
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Remarks: The objective of this question is to ensure that the examinee can
determine rotation of indeterminate frame
Solution:
Ans.EIEIEI
MEIKM
EI
L
EI
L
EI
L
EI
L
EIKKKK
T
BCBDBAT
2
11
112
11
2
2
11 know, we
2
1111344joint theof stiffness Total
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Question #3:
Topic Area: Structural Analysis
Learning Level: Applying and Analyzing
Indicator:
SE-T2-04 Evaluate the internal forces in determinate beams, frames and trusses
Question Statement:
For the shown loaded truss, the internal forces (kN) in the members CD, CE, DE and
EF are, respectively:
Note: Negative sign indicates compressive internal force in a member
A) 0, 15, 0, 0
B) 0, -15, 0, 0
C) 15, 0, 0, 0
D) -15, 0, 0, 0
B
D A
4 m
2 m 4 m 4 m
15 kN 10 kN
C
E F
G
Answer:
A
Reference Sheet: None
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Estimated Solution Time by Examinee: 3.0 – 4.0 minutes
Remarks: The objective of this question is to ensure that the examinee can
determine internal force in a truss
Solution:
From equilibrium of joint D,
. 0
. 0
AnsF
AnsF
DE
CD
From equilibrium of joint E,
. 00 AnsFF EFx
. (T) kN 150 AnsFF CEy
15
E
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Question #4:
Topic Area: Design of RC Structures
Learning Level: Applying and Analyzing
Indicator:
SE-T3-02 Analyze and design reinforced concrete beams for flexure and shear according to code provisions
Question Statement:
A rectangular reinforced concrete beam section is shown below. If the shear carried by
the concrete and stirrups are 180 kN and 120 kN, respectively, then the design shear
strength of the section (in kN) is:
(A) 120
(B) 180
(C) 225
(D) 300
h
b
Answer:
C
Reference Sheet: None
Estimated Solution Time by Examinee: 2.0 – 2.5 minutes
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Remarks: The objective of this question is to ensure that the examinee can
evaluate shear strength of beam
Solution:
Ans.VVV scn kN 252)120180(75.0
:strengthshear design The
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Question #5:
Topic Area: Design of RC Structures
Learning Level: Evaluating and Creating
Indicator:
SE-T3-08 Recognize the importance of building codes, especially SBC and ACI Codes, in the RC design process
Question Statement:
For the shown beam section, the 28-day compressive strength of concrete (fc’) is 30
MPa and the yielding strength of steel (fy) is 420 MPa. According to the Saudi Building
Code “SBC 304” (Structural – Concrete Structures) section 10.2.7, the nominal
moment capacity (kN.m) of the beam is:
(All dimensions are in mm)
A) 138.2
B) 178.2
C) 195.8
D) 210.6
375450
300
Answer:
A
Supplied Reference: Reference #5
Estimated Solution Time by Examinee: 3.0 – 4.0 minutes
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Remarks: The objective of this question is to ensure that the examinee can
evaluate ultimate moment of a beam and apply SBC
Solution:
kN.m 38.21kNmm102.1382
7.513758.395
2
: Compute
mm 7.515950
4.7754548.39565.7
:for solving and mequilibriufor and Equating
65.7103003085.085.0
kN 8.39510420204
3
3
3'
32
adTM
M
aaTC
aCT
aaabfC
fAT
n
n
c
ys
ac 1
'85.0 cf
abfC c
'85.0
2
ad
ys fAT
300
3-
375
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Question #6:
Topic Area: Materials
Learning Level: Applying and Analyzing
Indicator:
SE-T5-05 Analyze testing results of concrete and other construction materials
Question Statement:
A 24 kg of aggregate is sieved through 9.5 mm, 4.75 mm, 2.36 mm, 1.18 mm, 600 µm,
300 µm and 150 µm standard sieves and the masses retained in each sieve are 0 kg,
0.6 kg, 3 kg, 4.8 kg, 5.6 kg, 5 kg, and 4 kg, respectively. The fineness modulus of this
aggregate is:
A) 2.75
B) 2.80
C) 2.85
D) 2.90
Hint: According to ASTM C125, the fineness modulus of aggregates is calculated
by adding the cumulative percentage of mass retained on each of specified series
of sieves
Answer:
C
Reference Sheet: None
Estimated Solution Time by Examinee: 3.0 – 4.0 minutes
Remarks: The objective of this question is to ensure that the examinee can
analysis engineering properties of constituent materials of concrete
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Solution:
Sieve size Retained mass (kg)
% retained
Cumulative % retained
9.5 mm 0.00 0.00 0.00
4.75 mm 0.60 2.50 2.50
2.36 mm 3.00 12.50 15.00
1.18 mm 4.80 20.00 35.00
600 µm 5.60 23.33 58.33
300 µm 5.00 20.83 79.17
150 µm 4.00 16.67 95.83
Pan 1.00 4.17
Total 24.00 100.00 285.83
Fineness modulus = 285/100 = 2.85 (Ans.)
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