1.Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com GBH Enterprises, Ltd. Process Safety Guide: GBHE-PSG-HST-030 Study 2: Front-End Engineering Design and Project Definition Process Information Disclaimer Information contained in this publication or as otherwise supplied to Users is believed to be accurate and correct at time of going to press, and is given in good faith, but it is for the User to satisfy itself of the suitability of the information for its own particular purpose. GBHE gives no warranty as to the fitness of this information for any particular purpose and any implied warranty or condition (statutory or otherwise) is excluded except to the extent that exclusion is prevented by law. GBHE accepts no liability resulting from reliance on this information. Freedom under Patent, Copyright and Designs cannot be assumed.

2. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com Process Safety Guide: Study 2: Front-end Engineering Design And Project Definition CONTENTS 2.0 PURPOSE 2.0.1 Team 2.0.2 Timing 2.0.3 Documentation HAZARD STUDY 2: APPLICATION 2.1 Study of Process and Non-Process Activities 2.2 Study of Programmable Electronic Systems (PES) 2.3 Risk Assessment 2.4 Defining the Basis for Safe Operation 2.5 Review of Hazard Study 2 APPENDICES Appendix A Hazard Study 2 Method A.1 Significant Hazards Flowsheet A.2 Event Guide Diagram A.3 Consequence Guide Diagram A.4 Typical Measures to Reduce Consequences 3. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com Appendix B Programmable Electronic Systems (PES) Guide Diagram Appendix C Risk Assessment C.1 Risk Assessment Procedure C.2 Risk Matrix C.3 Risk Matrix Guidance for Consequence Categories Safety and Health Incidents C.4 Risk Matrix Guidance for Consequence Categories Environmental Incidents Appendix D Key Hazards and Control Measures Appendix E Content of Hazard Study 2 Report Package. 4. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 2.0 PURPOSE The depth of hazard identification and risk assessment and the methodology used should be appropriate to the risk to safety, health, the environment or the Business. This document covers Hazard Study 2, which typically covers hazard identification and risk assessment, operability and control features that should be built into the detailed design, and any special environmental features to be covered. In new plants or installations or in modifications, identification of the hazards provides the opportunity for redesign to eliminate or significantly reduce the risk. Where the risk cannot be reduced to tolerable levels by practicable redesign, protective measures may need to be incorporated to meet the relevant criteria. The study should help produce most of the majority of the information and assessments needed to meet the requirements of the regulatory authorities on safety, health and environmental protection. When applied to existing plants or installations, Study 2 has the similar objectives of identifying significant hazards, their possible causes and protective measures to meet relevant criteria. The objective of the study is usually to identify aspects of existing hardware and operations that do not comply with modern standards or criteria. Critical features of the hardware, procedures and instructions will be identified. This document should be used in conjunction with a process safety publication such as HAZOP: Guide to best practice (available from IChemE) or Guidelines for Hazard Evaluation Procedures (available from CCPS). 2.0.1 Team The team composition should be agreed between the Hazard Study Leader and the Project Manager. Assistance in selecting team size and membership can be found in the 'HAZOP: Guide to best practice' book. The same team composition should be suitable for the study of Programmable Electronic Systems (PES) (see 2.2). Unless adequate expertise is available on site it will be necessary to include the suppliers representative and possibly a process control expert. 5. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 2.0.2 Timing The study of process and non-process activities can be started as soon as a description of the process and the process flowsheet or flow diagram, or the building layout and services distribution, are available. For Study 2 of the process it may be helpful to have a draft pressure relief philosophy. For the study of Programmable Electronic Systems (e.g. PLC or DCS), the Hazard Study 2 meetings should be complete to the extent that all significant hazards have been identified on all parts of the project where the PES system is used for control or as part of an instrumented protective system. The project should have reached the stage where the Project Definition is complete, the User Requirement Specification (URS) is complete and the PES supplier has been chosen and has provided an outline design of the PES system. Completion of Hazard Study 2 helps in the production of a sanction estimate for the project. 6. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 2.0.3 Documentation The study is generally recorded on the worksheet entitled Hazard Study 2 (worksheet k). A contents sheet for this study and associated documentation is available, entitled Hazard Study 2 Report (worksheet m). 7. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com HAZARD STUDY 2: APPLICATION The following sections 2.1 to 2.5 describe how to conduct Hazard Study 2. 8. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 2.1 STUDY OF PROCESS AND NON-PROCESS ACTIVITIES The study team works systematically through the process flowsheets, identifying significant hazards associated with each stage of the process. The most significant hazardous events are often loss of containment LOC. For each new diagram or system, a brief explanation of the process and proposed operation is required, to ensure that each member of the team has an adequate understanding for their active, effective participation in the study. Where there are several unit operations, the team can study them as a small number of separate process related blocks. The Hazard Study Leader will provide guidance in choosing a suitable division into these blocks. A diagram of the method used is given in the Significant Hazards Flowsheet (see appendix A.1). The study proceeds, considering one block at a time, using the guidewords in the Event Guide Diagrams (see appendix A.2). The study should be recorded on the Hazard Study 2 worksheet (worksheet k). Where quantification of hazards is required, expert guidance on methodology is suggested. Consideration should also be given to non-process activities that can give rise to potential safety, health or environmental hazards. The GBHE Engineering Procedures (EPs) define requirements for identification of non-process hazards and management systems to control those hazards. The following drawings and documents may be helpful and these should be included in section 2.2 of the Hazard Study 2 Report (worksheet m). (a) Site plans, floor plans, photographs. (b) Service distribution drawings (in lieu of flowsheets or line diagrams). (c) Pressure regimes. (d) Material Data Sheets. 9. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 2.2 STUDY OF PROGRAMMABLE ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS (PES) The Hazard Study 2 will have produced a list of identified hazardous events. If these are significant a study of the PES should be considered. The intention of the study of a PES is to look at potential failures of the PES and to determine what role the PES plays in each of these identified events where appropriate. If any aspects of the PES are involved in protecting against an identified hazardous event that could cause serious harm to people or the environment, then an analysis of the protective role of the PES may be needed. Specialist advice should be sought. The study should consider particularly: (a) Are there any potential failures of the PES which increase the likelihood of a particular hazardous event? (b) Are there any potential failures of the PES which affect the protection against hazardous events? (c) Are there any potential failures that could produce a new hazard scenario, or a new or more serious combination of events? The study can be based on three documents: (1) A list provided by the PES supplier of potential system faults, system alarms and the actions that need to be taken. This list should be included in section 2.2 of the Hazard Study 2 Report (worksheet m). (2) The Programmable Electronic Systems Guide Diagram (see appendix B). (A copy of the diagram should be included in section 2.1 of the Hazard Study 2 Report (worksheet m). (3) The Hazard Study 2 PES Worksheet (worksheet l) for recording results. The completed worksheets should be included in section 2.1 of the Hazard Study 2 Report (worksheet m). 10. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 2.3 RISK ASSESSMENT In Hazard Study 2 undesirable events will be identified. Their acceptability depends on their severity (or magnitude) and their likelihood (or frequency). This combination is the definition of risk. Assessment of risk can be either a qualitative or quantitative process depending upon perceived risk. Qualitative assessment is suggested as a means to quickly determine the potential severity of risk. As a tool to help qualification, the team may consider the event frequency and consequences, based upon experience and a word model to assess the acceptability or to determine the need for design changes or further assessments. The objective of risk assessment, which is carried out with the Risk Matrix shown in appendix C.2, is to decide if the risk of an event is: (a) Unacceptable such that changes are required to reduce the risk out of category (a); (b) In the border region between acceptability and non acceptability, changes may be required; (c) No changes required. Events will be removed from category (a) and may require a more detailed analysis like a Quantified Risk Assessment (QRA) fault tree, to confirm the risk is now acceptable. For an operating plant definitive action plans and scheduling will be required to allow continuing operation. Events in category (b) require careful examination and may require a Quantified Risk Assessment (QRA) such as a fault tree. An action plan should be developed and steps taken to reduce the risk. A risk assessment procedure is given in appendix C.1. 11. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 2.4 DEFINING THE BASIS FOR SAFE OPERATION FOR TOXIC, FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS Having completed Hazard Study 2, the Basis for Safe Operation for toxic, fire and explosion hazards may be established. In this should be recorded a concise statement of the key hazards and control measures. This can provide a framework for future training, operating procedures, auditing and preparation of other mandatory SHE reports. Depending upon perceived risk, Health and Environmental aspects may also be included. A list of possible key measures is given in appendix D. 2.5 REVIEW OF HAZARD STUDY 2 At the completion of Hazard Study 2 the following key activities should have been completed: Actions should have been assessed, reviewed and closed out. All conclusions should be documented. All project information necessary for the completion of the Environmental Impact Assessment should have been assembled if necessary. Review the Environmental Impact Assessment against any changes introduced by Hazard Study 2 Where the project Hazard Study 1 or 2 has identified the need, a QRA should be completed where appropriate before Hazard Study 3. Identify issues that need further Hazard Study review as part of Hazard Study 3. The Project Manager is responsible for progressing identified actions. 12. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 13. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 14. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 15. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 16. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 17. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 18. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 19. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 20. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 21. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 22. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 23. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com 24. Refinery Process Stream Purification Refinery Process Catalysts Troubleshooting Refinery Process Catalyst Start-Up / Shutdown Activation Reduction In-situ Ex-situ Sulfiding Specializing in Refinery Process Catalyst Performance Evaluation Heat & Mass Balance Analysis Catalyst Remaining Life Determination Catalyst Deactivation Assessment Catalyst Performance Characterization Refining & Gas Processing & Petrochemical Industries Catalysts / Process Technology - Hydrogen Catalysts / Process Technology Ammonia Catalyst Process Technology - Methanol Catalysts / process Technology Petrochemicals Specializing in the Development & Commercialization of New Technology in the Refining & Petrochemical Industries Web Site: www.GBHEnterprises.com