studies on polymer modified mortar and concrete using epoxy .doc

8/13/2019 STUDIES ON POLYMER MODIFIED MORTAR AND CONCRETE USING EPOXY .doc

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Proceedings of the

Conference on Engineering Research, Innovation and Education 2010

CERIE 2010, 11-13 January, Sylhet, angladesh

Studies on polymer modified mortar and concrete using epoxy resin

Md. Mostafizur Rahman1*and Mainuddin Ahmed31,3 !ousing and uilding Research Institute "!RI#, $arus-sala%, &ir'ur, $ha(a-121), angladesh*

+el "02# 000.20, /a "02# .0)03

Md. Akhtarul Islam2 $e'art%ent of Che%ical Engineering and Poly%er Science, Shahalal niversity of Science and

+echnology "SS+#, Sylhet- 3114, angladesh

+he %ain o5ective of the study is to i%'rove the %echanical 'ro'erties of conventional %ortar and concrete

using e'oy resin as a 5inding %aterial* +he author has conducted a series of tests on e'oy resin %odified

%ortar and concrete 6ith vie6 to co%'are their 'erfor%ance 6ith conventional Portland ce%ent %ortar andconcrete* 7aturally occurring local fine aggregate o5tained fro% Sylhet and local hard roc( collected fro%

&adha'ara have 5een used as fine aggregate and coarse aggregate res'ectively in the investigation* 8ll

aggregates and 5inding %aterials have 5een characteri9ed in this study* $ifferent 'ro'erties of 5oth e'oy

%odified and un%odified %ortar and concrete s'eci%ens have 5een %easured* +hese 'ro'erties include

%echanical strength, density and 'orosity* +he %easured 'ro'erties of e'oy %odified %ortar and concrete

co%'ared 6ith that of nor%al conventional %ortar and concrete* It is found that de'ending on the co%'osition of

the 'oly%eric %aterial, so%e targeted 'ro'erty of concrete and %ortar has 5een i%'roved several folds as

co%'ared to those 're'ared fro% conventional ce%ent-sand-aggregate co%'osition* It is finally o5served that

the variation of concentration of the 'oly%er %aterials is very (ey factor, the 'ro'erties of %ortar and concrete

can 5e varied as 'er re:uire%ent in a 6ide range %a(ing the Poly%er %odified concrete "P&C# very versatile ina''lications even as a re'air %aterials* +he effects of other varia5les on the 'ro'erties of e'oy %odified %ortar

and concrete s'eci%ens have 5een discussed* $ue to have ece'tionally higher early strength 'ro'erties, e'oy

resin %odified %ortar and concrete can 5e used in re'airing 6or(s* It is also a candidate %aterial for /erroce%ent a''lications* It is concluded that the e'oy resin %odified %ortar and concrete has high 'ers'ective in

angladesh*

!ey"ords#Poly%er; concrete; &ortar; &echanical Strength; Porosity

1. I$%R&'()%I&$

In %odern concrete construction and re'air 6or(s therole of 'oly%ers is increasing day 5y day* Poly%ers

are either incor'orated as a co-5inder 6ith Portland

ce%ent or used as a single 5inder* +he co%'osites

%ade 5y using 'oly%er along 6ith ce%ent and

aggregates are called 'oly%er ce%ent %ortar "PCor 'oly%er ce%ent concrete "PCC#, 6hile co%'osites

%ade 6ith 'oly%er and aggregates are called 'oly%er

%ortar "P or 'oly%er concrete "PC#*


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Coarse aggregate distribution

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 5 10 15 20 25Seive opening (mm )

%Retainte

Proceedings of the



and $har%araan, 1.#* &ost of the researchers used

locally availa5le aggregates as filling %aterials in the

study* In vie6 of this, this is the first ti%e in

angladesh, an e'eri%ental study has 5een

underta(en to develo' e'oy 5ased different ty'es of

'oly%er %odified %ortar and concrete using locallyavaila5le aggregates as filling %aterials* +he %aterials

are characteri9ed and co%'ared 6ith those of

un%odified %ortar and concrete*

. MA%RIA+S and M%,&'

.1 Materials

E'oy e%ulsion used in the e'eri%ent 6as 're'ared

5y e%ulsifying e'oy resin, 5ased on E'ichlorohydrin

and 5is'henol-8, and a%ino a%ide 5ased hardener

used 6ith the e'oy for hardening* E'oy resin used

in the e'eri%ent had viscosity of 3)00c's at 300C,

density of 1*1= g%c%3 and '!value *2


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Proceedings of the



the %ould for 24 hours* +he concrete s'eci%ens 6ere

de%oulded after 24 hours and then stored in 6ater in

case of conventional concrete%ortar and 'oly%er

ce%ent concrete%ortar 5ut 'oly%er concrete%ortar

s'eci%ens "'oly%er used as a only 5inder# stored in

dry 'laces for air curing* Curing under 6ater is notre:uired for 'oly%er concrete%ortar since Portland

ce%ent is not used in the s'eci%en*

. Methods

..1 )alculation of apparent and true density0 and

porosity# +he 'ara%eters are deter%ined 5y the

follo6ing relations

00 CVWa = (3)

w

TWWV

W

C#" 00

0

=

(4)

and

Ta C1= (5

)

Fhere a, Tand are res'ectively a''arent density,

true density and 'orosity; V0is the 5ul( volu%e of the

sa%'le,wis the density of 6ater,W0isthe dry 6eight

and W is the 6eight of the 6et s'eci%en ate:uili5riu%*

.. )alculation of )oefficient of %hermal

xpansion# 8 5ar ty'e sa%'le 6as 're'ared and

cured for 2. days at roo% te%'erature+1and length of

the s'eci%en 6as %easured G1* +hen the s'eci%en

'laced in a autoclave and heated it u' to +20C* If the

roo% te%'erature is +10C then the te%'erature

difference H+ +20- +1

0

8ccording to the la6 of ther%al e'ansion

+1#-+2"

G1-G2

1L

=(6)

Fhere

G2 Gength of the s'eci%en at +20C te%'erature and

Coefficient of ther%al E'ansion

..3 )ompressie and %ensile strength

measurement# +he co%'ressive strength of differentPoly%er &odified Concrete "P&C# and Poly%er

Concrete "PC# 6ere deter%ined 5y niversal +esting

&achine "&odel 7o*+I&*C; Ca'acity-300 +on#*

3. RS(+%S A$' 'IS)(SSI&$

+he results of 'oly%er addition on co%'ressive

strength of 'oly%er %ortar and 'oly%er ce%ent

%ortar are sho6n in /igs*2 and 3, res'ectively* +he

co%'ressive strength of un%odified %ortar s'eci%en

is 1.*23 &Pa at 2. days curing* It can 5e seen that

the co%'ressive strength of 5oth 'oly%er ce%ent%ortar and 'oly%er %ortar increases 6ith increasing

'oly%er co%'osition* +he fig*2 and 3 sho6s that the

rate of strength gain of 'oly%er %ortar is higher than'oly%er ce%ent %ortar and un%odified nor%al

Portland ce%ent %ortar* +he strength gain rate of

'oly%er %odified %ortar is a5out is a5out .)D of

ulti%ate strength at days curing 6hereas

un%odified nor%al Portland ce%ent %ortar gains

only )0D of it>s ulti%ate strength*

Effect of compos ition on strength of PM

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Curing time (day)

Compressivestrength

(Mpa)

/ig* 2 Co%'ressive Strength vs* curing ti%erelationshi' for e'oy %odified %ortars* "@#7or%al,

%odified 6ith "# 10 6t*D E'oy, "# 12 6t*D

E'oy, "# 14 6t*D E'oy and "# 1= 6t*D E'oy

/inally, Poly%er %ortar 'rovides 0 &Pa at 2. daysusing 1= 6t*D e'oy "5ased on total 6eight of the

s'eci%en#*


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Proceedings of the



%ortar sho6s al%ost sa%e ulti%ate strength can 5e

e'lained 5y the for%ation of sta5le %iture re:uired

so%e concentration of e'oy* 8fter the for%ation of

sta5le %iture, very little change in concentration

'rovides higher strength co%'aratively*

Si%ilarly, in case of 'oly%er concrete, 'oly%er%odification i%'roves co%'ressive strength %ar(edly

"/ig*4#* Even the strength gain rate is also higher as

'oly%er %ortar* +he fig* sho6s that curve for 14 6t*D" 5ased on total 6eight of the s'eci%en# sho6s shar'

increase in co%'ressive strength co%'arative to the

curve for 10 6t*D and 12 6t*D* It can 5e e'lained 5y

the sa%e cause of for%ation of sta5le %iture

descri5ed in case of PCC*

Effect of compos ition on stre ngth of PC

0

10

20

30

40

50

6070

80

90

100

0 5 10 15 20 25 30Curing Time (Day)

Compressivest

rengt

(MPa)

/ig* 4 Co%'ressive Strength vs* curing ti%e relationshi' for

e'oy %odified Concrete* "# 7or%al, %odified 6ith "#

10 6t*D E'oy, "# 12 6t*D E'oy and "# 14 6t*D E'oy

+he fig* 4 sho6s that al%ost 0D strength achieved

6ithin first days curing 6hich is very %uch

significant 'ro'erties to consider this %aterials as a

re'air %aterials*

ut, in case of 'oly%er ce%ent concrete, the rate ofstrength gain is not noticea5le "/ig*=# co%'arative to

the rate of strength gain 5y 'oly%er %ortar or 'oly%er

concrete s'eci%ens*

Ef fe c t o f c o m p o s i t io n o n s t r e n gt h o f P C C

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0 10 20 30C uring time (Day)

C

ompressive

strenght(MPa

/ig* =Co%'ressive Strength vs* curing ti%e relationshi' for

e'oy %odified Concrete* "#7or%al, %odified 6ith "@#4D

E'oy, "# 1 6t*D E'oy, "# 2 6t*D E'oy, "# 3 6t*DE'oy and "K# = 6t*D E'oy

+his result can 5e e'lained 5y; the addition of

e'oy 6as not solu5le to 6ater as a result e'oy

6as not %ied ho%ogeneously 6ith 6hole %ass*

+his i%'ro'er %iing results unsteady strength

gain* 8lthough %any researchers re'orted higher

strength of 'oly%er ce%ent concrete, the authoro5served 'ro5le% in 'ro'er %iing in case of

PCC 'articularly for those 'oly%ers 6hich are

insolu5le to 6ater*

3.1. /orosity0 apparent density and true

density of different types of mortar

Percentage of 'orosity, a''arent density and true

density are deter%ined for nor%al and 'oly%er

%odified %ortar* +he o5tained result is

su%%ari9ed in ta5le-3*

+a5le-3* Porosity, a''arent density and true

density of different ty'es of %ortar

+y'es of %ortar Porosity

"D#

8''*

density

"g%cc#

+rue

density

"g%cc#

n%odified

nor%al %ortar

*=0 2*1 2*3

Poly%er ce%ent

%ortar

=*0 1*. 1*

Poly%er %ortar 0*=4 1*.3 1*.4

+he result sho6s that the addition 'oly%er

reduces the 'orosity and density* It can 5e

e'lained 5y the additions of 'oly%er in %ortar

fill u' the voids inside the %ortar 6hich resultsthe decrease in 'orosity* In case of 'oly%er

%ortar "no Portland ce%ent 6as added#, there

6as not re:uired to add any 6ater 6hereas, in

case of un%odified nor%al Portland ce%ent

%ortar 6ater added for 'ro'er hydration that

occu'ied so%e s'ace in %ortar during casting*

8fter casting etra 6ater dried out, this creates

voids in nor%al %ortar s'eci%en* +his is 6hy incase of 'oly%er %ortar s'eci%en sho6s lo6est

'orosity*

3. )oefficient of thermal expansion of

different types of mortar

Shrin(age or e'ansion is volu%e change 'ro'erty

6hich is %easured 5y %onitoring 'eriodically the

length changes of the s'eci%en e'osed to controlled

environ%ental condition* +his 'ro'erty can 5e

calculated using ther%al e'ansion* +herefore, thecoefficient of ther%al e'ansion is deter%ined for

nor%al and 'oly%er %odified %ortar to (no6 a5out

shrin(age 'ro'erty of the %aterial* +he o5tained

result is su%%ari9ed in ta5le-4

@Corres'onding 8uthor &d* &ostafi9ur Rah%an,E-%ail %ostafi9urAce'Byahoo*co%


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Proceedings of the



+a5le-4* Coefficient of ther%al e'ansion of differentty'es of %ortar

Sa%'le ty'e Coefficient of ther%al

E'ansion n%odified nor%al %ortar *3 10-0= 0C

Poly%er %ortar 0*2) 10-0=0C

+he result sho6s clearly that the conventional %ortars are

%ore sensitive to the hot-dry environ%ent 6hich

accelerate the %oisture loss and enhance the shrin(age*$ra%atic reduction in shrin(age can 5e o5tained using

'oly%ers* Poly%er %ortar sho6s a reduction of %ore than

33 ti%es co%'ared to the conventional %ortar* +his

'ro'erty is very %uch significant for %aterials of

'lastering 6or(*

2. )&$)+(SI&$

+he result of this study sho6s that the addition of

'oly%er to Portland ce%ent %ortar i%'roves

6or(a5ility and increases co%'ressive strength and

decreases 'orosity* E'oy %odified 'oly%er %ortar

'rovides higher co%'ressive strength and lo6er

'ercentage of 'orosity* It has higher adhesion

'ro'erties to the old structure* So this %aterial is very

%uch effective for 'lastering and re'airing 6or(s*+hese %aterials can 5e candidate %aterials for /erro

ce%ent a''lication instead of ce%ent %ortar*

In case of concrete, Poly%er concrete sho6s su'erior

%echanical 'ro'erties* +his %aterial can 5e used

6here higher co%'ressive strength is re:uired* It can

'rovide early strength 6ith :uic( setting ti%e* It has

lo6er 'orosity co%'arative to nor%al concrete so it

can 5e the candidate %aterial for da%' 'roof* $ue to

high strength and light 6eight 'ro'erties, PC 6ould 5e

highly effective in the construction of high rise5uilding as 6ell as of structures 6ith s'ecific

re:uire%ents such as in %arine environ%ent, for

'rotection fro% flood and earth:ua(e* In the coastal

area of angladesh, hydraulic structures and

constructional 6or(s could 5e done 5y Poly%er

%odified %aterials*

. A)!$&4+'5M$%

+he research 6as funded 5y the &inistry of

!ousing and Pu5lic For(s, the Peo'le>s

Re'u5lic of angladesh "Proect code 1008'ril 1, 200#* +he authors are than(ful to

Engr* Rea9 ddin Sar(er, Engr* 8(taru99a%an,

&d* &ir9a Shahahan, &d* Shahidullah (han and

&d* Is%ail !ossain of housing and 5uilding

research institute for their hel'ful suggestions,

consultations and continuous ins'iration*

6. R7R$)

1* 8CI =4.*3R-=*, "2000#, State of the artre'ort on 'oly%er %odified concrete, In:

ACI manual of concrete practice, 'art-=,

/a%ington !ills, S8 8%erican ConcreteInstitute, ''*=4.*3R-1-=4.*3R-4*

2* $i(eou, J* +*, "1.#, Poly%ers in concrete

ne6 construction achieve%ents on the

hori9on, Proceein!" of T#e $econ

International Con!re"" on Pol%mer" inConcrete, 8%erican Concrete Institute

"8CI# $etroit, &ich*, ''* 1-.

3* &ehta PL, &onteiro PJ&*, "13#, Concrete

structure, 'ro'erties and %aterials, &n e'

n!lewoo Cliff", 7J Prentice !all, ''*41.-

23*

4* &ir9a J, &ir9a &S, Ga'onite R, "2002#,

Ga5oratory and field 'erfor%ance of'oly%er %odified ce%ent 5ased re'air

%ortars in cli%ates, Con"truction uilin!material"* 1), ''*3)=-4*

=*

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