studies of diet as a factor in cs137 metabolism by rats

7/29/2019 Studies of Diet as a Factor in Cs137 Metabolism by Rats

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2t4 MSRRTS B. S}{IFES AND MAfi,VII.{ L. RIEDESELTi5$uc(organ ) Tissuewt, g Tissuecpm Tigsuecpmr.g AnimnlcFtu;'ELivertivcr 10.00015.000 10,0001S,000 1,0001,000 500I,O00 2"O1.O

The data for amount of isotope pergram of liver are the sirme for both animalsbut animal B has twice as much isotopeper unit of mass as animal A. Therefore,the liver of animal A contains twice asmuch isotope as the liver of animal Bwhen considering the relative distributionof isotope in the anirnals.It is important to realize that changesin TRI may be due to mo\,'ement of "7Csor movcment of tissue components whichdo not at,tractrs'Cs. An organ may decreasein size by 5A% while tJre animal decreasesin size by 30%. If the weight loss from theorgan is due to depletion of a substancewith a low afEnity for '*'Cs, the tissue con-centration of 1'7Cs will increase and TRIwill also increase, In this example there isno shift in isotopc distribution as suggestedby the increase in TRI, merely an increatein concentration of the isotope due to lossof some tissue component. This informa-tion makes TRI a useful tool for predict'

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Fig. 2 Mcan animsl weights, series 1,

ing the causes for shifts in relative distri-bution of isotopes among tissue.NUSULTS

Rats tbr series 1 averaged 245 g (fig. 2)at the beginning of the experiment, where-as series 2 animals had an initial meanweight of approximately 190 C (fig. 3).Control animals gained weight through-out the experiment. Mcan body weights ofgroup B animals (series 1) were rnuch lessthan the control group aftcr tbe starvationperiod, but regained lveight, Iast ennugh toalmost equal the mcan weight of controlaninals on day 7 after injection. The ani-mals in group C lost weight constantly.The 10 g/day food allowance of group C*nimals appeared insuflicient for replace-ment of nutrients lost during the 3daystaruation pcriod. Animals of groups A, D,E, F and G had approximately the samenverirge weight increase, 3 to 5 g,zday, be-tween injection and killing. Animals of

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DIET AND r!?Cs METABOLISMA Coftttol (6RouP olf uigtt cqo oi., (cnouF' E) .S Hign Pralcin Oicl (GROUP FlS nisn Fot oiat {6RouP G}

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216 MORRIS B. SNIPES AND MANVIN L. NIEDESELgroup B, however, gained 10"0 g/day andthose of group C lost 2.8 g/dty during thesame period.The percentage of r$?Cs retained (table 2)at the end of the 7 days rvas increased overcontrol values by semistarvation after in'jection, the high carbohydrate, high pro-tein anrl rhe high fat diets (P


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DifT nND 137Cs METASOTISM 217(P{0.01), nnd c) th low urine outputby rats in the high earbohydrate and highftt die t groups (P { 0.01).Wherr compared with control values, thefollowing ?RI differcnccs lvcrc obscned(tnhle 3). Animals of groups ts (preinjec-tion starved), E (high carbnhydr*tc) andG (high fat) had low liver TRI values (pvslues 0.02 to 0.01), and animais of groupsC Gemistarved) and }" (high prorein) hadhigh liver TRI values (P


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21S IT{ORRIS B. SNIPES AND MARVIN L. RMDESELthey also etated that cesium has a lowa$inity for fat. This suggests "'Cs is boundwith or attracted to hydrophilic tissue inthe kidney (and possibly other organs). Ifthe decreased leidney weight (table 3) insemistarved, high carbohydrate diet andhigh fat diet g 6ups were dtte to mobiliza-tiofr of lipid, the TRI valucs could hlvebeen a function of kidney size; the lowkiclney TRI value for animals fed the highprotein diet may have been the result ofan increase in kidney lipid content or anincreasc in some kidney component otherthan lipid with :t low affinity for "'Cs" Thissame weight factor appeared to be respon-sible for ltre trigfr lir'er TRI in the serni-starvecl animals.The lorv muscle TRI for semistart'ed ratsmav have resulted from a decrease in mus-cle "components with an afiflnity for cesium(for instance, an increase in the relativcamount eif connective tissue in musclemay have resulted in a decrease in TRI);this would be analogous to the size cffectpostulated for kidney in mice (10).Radiatiern hazard to an organ or an ani-mal is determined by the amount of isotopeprsent and the total time period duringwhich the isotope is in the pertinent tissue.Thus, the presence of a srnall amount ofisotope over an extended period may rep'resent the major biological hazard of aradionuclide. Future studies involving dietmodification may be a useful method forreclucing radiation hazard from internalemitteri. This study of, t"Cs metabolism

l.

demonstrates the susceptibility of radia-isotope metabolites to diet composition,and the treatment, special diet, can be ad-ministered condnuously over extended pe-riods of time.

10.

LII|ENATURE CITEDlload, S. L., and C. L. Comar 1953 Metab-olism of cesiurn-l3? in lahratory and do-nrcstic animals. Oak Ritlge National Labora-tory, Tcnneesee, AEC rcp. no. OR0-91, p. 3f.Schmidt-Nielsen, B. 1958 Urea excretionin mammals. Physiol. Rev., 38; 139'Hendrikx, A., and F. H. Epstein Ig58 Ef-fect of feetiing protcin anct urea on renaleoncentrating ability in thc rat. Amcr. J'Physiol., l95r 539.Osbnrne" T. 8", L. B. Mendel. E' A. Park andM. C. lVintcrnitz 1926 Ph-vsiologicnl ef-fccts of diets unusually riclr in protein orinorgsnic gllts. J' Biol. Chcrn',71:317.MacKrry. [i, M. 1933 F:rctors rvhich deier-mine rcnal weight' J. Nutr., 6: 157.lVilson, lL E, C' 1933 An investigation-ofthe causc of rennl hlpertrophy in rats fetlon a high proteir diet. Biochem. J,. 97: 1348'llloore. 1V., Jr., and C. L' Comar 1962 Ab'Eorption of cesir.rrn'137 from the ga$tro'iltes-iinal tract of the rat. Int' J. Radiat' Biol'Relutecl Stud. Phvs' Chem. Illed., 5" 24?.Williams, L. G." anrl I-L Patrick 1957 Mc-tatrollsm of ce*iurn-l34 in rahbits. Arch. Blo-clrenr. Binphys., 7O: 464-Mraz, F, R., and IL Patrick 195? Organicfactor$ conirolling tlrc excrelory pattern oJpotassium-42 and cesium-134 in ratg' J'Nutr., dl: 535.Furchner, J. tr., C' Il' Richmond and G' A'Drake 1S65 Efiects of cnvironmental tern-Deraturc on rctcntion of chronically adnrin-istcred ccsium'r37. Ilealth Phys., Ilr 623'

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studies of diet as a factor in cs137 metabolism by rats

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