students’ creativity · creativity and those having low creativity. to gain the data, two...

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i

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOUNDCLOUD AND PICTURE SERIES AS

MEDIA IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILL IN TERMS OF

STUDENTS’ CREATIVITY

(A Quasi Experimental Study at the Tenth Grade of SMA Negeri 1 Ngawi

in the Academic Year 2016/2017)

A THESIS

By :

Tiara Dyah Andriani

S891508047

Written as a Partial Fullfilment of the Requirements for

Post Graduate Education Degree of English Language Teaching

ENGLISH EDUCATION OF POST GRADUATE PROGRAM FACULTY OF

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

SURAKARTA

2017


ii

APPROVAL

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOUNDCLOUD AND PICTURE SERIES AS

MEDIA IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILL IN TERMS OF

STUDENTS’ CREATIVITY (A Quasi Experimental Study at the Tenth Grade of SMA Negeri 1 Ngawi in the Academic

Year 2016/2017)

By:

Tiara Dyah Andriani

NIM. S891508047

This thesis has been approved by the Consultants of English Education Department of

Graduate Program Teacher Training and Education Faculty Sebelas Maret University

Surakarta

Surakarta, January 2017

Consultant I Consultant II

Dr. Suparno, M.Pd Prof. Dr. Sri Samiati Tarjana

NIP. 195111271986011001 NIP. 19446021965112001

The Head of English Education Department of Graduate Program

Sebelas Maret University

Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd.

NIP. 196212311988031009


iii

LEGITIMATION

The Effectiveness of Soundcloud and Picture Series as Media in Teaching Speaking Skill in

Terms of Students’ Creativity

(A Quasi Experimental Study at the Tenth Grade of SMA Negeri 1 Ngawi in the Academic

Year 2016/2017)

By:

Tiara Dyah Andriani

NIM. S891508047

This thesis has been approved by the Board of Thesis Examiners

of English Education Department of Graduate Program

Teacher Training and Education Faculty Sebelas Maret University Surakarta

On February 8th

2017

Board of Examiners Signatures

Chairman Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd.

NIP. 19621231 198803 1009 (...................................)

Secretary Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd

NIP. 19520307 198003 1005 (...................................)

Examiners 1. Dr. Suparno, M.Pd

NIP. 19511127 198601 1001 (...................................)

2. Prof. Dr. Sri Samiati Tarjana

NIP. 19446021 96511 2001 (...................................)

Legalized by

The Dean Teacher Training and Education The Head of English Education

Faculty of Sebelas Maret University Department of Graduate Program

of Teacher Training and Education

Faculty of Sebelas Maret University

Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd

NIP 196110124 198702 1001 NIP. 19621231 198803 1009


iv

PRONOUNCEMENT

This is to certify that I myself write this thesis, entitled “THE EFFECTIVENESS OF

SOUNDCLOUD AND PICTURE SERIES AS MEDIA IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILL

IN TERMS OF STUDENTS’ CREATIVITY” (A Quasi Experimental Study at the Tenth

Grade of SMA Negeri 1 Ngawi in the Academic Year 2016/2017). It is not a product of

plagiarism or made by others. Anything related to others’ work is written in quotation, the

source of which is listed on the bibliography.

If then this pronouncement proves false, I am ready to accept my academic

punishment, including the withdrawal or cancellation of my academic degree.

Surakarta,1 February 2017

Tiara Dyah Andriani, S.Pd

NIM. S891508047


v

ABSTRACT

Tiara Dyah Andriani. S891508047. 2017. The Effectiveness of Soundcloud and Picture

Series as Media in Teaching Speaking Skill in Terms of Students’ Creativity (A Quasi

Experimental Study at the Tenth Grade of SMA Negeri 1 Ngawi in the Academic Year

2016/2017). A Thesis. First Consultant: Dr. Suparno, M.Pd; Second Consultant: Prof. Sri

Samiati Tarjana, Dipl. TESOL. English Education Department, Graduate Progam, Sebelas

Maret University.

This research aims to find out whether: (1) SoundCloud application is more effective

than picture series to teach speaking; (2) The students with high creativity have better

speaking skill than those having low creativity; and (3) There is an interaction between

teaching media and students’ creativity in teaching speaking

This experimental study was conducted at the tenth grade class of SMA N 1 ngawi in

the academic year 2016/2017. There were 60 students, consisting of 2 classes. The sample

was two classe, namely experimental class who was taught using SoundCloud application

and control class who was taught using picture series. To get the sample, a cluster random

sampling technique was used. Each class consists of two groups of students having high

creativity and those having low creativity. To gain the data, two instruments were used

namely speaking test to find out the score of students’ speaking and creativity test to find out

the level of students’ creativity. The data were, then, analyzed by using Multifactor Analysis

of Variance ANOVA 2x2 and Tukey test. Before conducting the ANOVA test, pre-requisite

test namely normality and homogeneity test were conducted.

There are some reseach findings that can be taken: (1) SoundCloud application is

more effective than picture series to teach speaking; (2) The students with high creativity

have better speaking skill than those having low creativity; and (3) There is an interaction

between teaching media and students’ creativity in teaching speaking. Based on the results of

this research, SoundCloud application is an effective media in teaching speaking to the tenth

grade students of SMA N 1 Ngawi. However, to support the using of SoundCloud in teaching

learning activities, a school must provide fast internet connection. The teachers must capable

in using and operating internet or social media, too.

Keywords: SoundCloud Application, picture series, speaking skill, creativity, experimental

study


vi

MOTTO

Man Jadda Wa Jadda

Technology won’t replace teachers, but teachers who use technology will probably replace

teachers who do not.


vii

DEDICATION

With the deep profound love, this research is devoted to:

My endless love Aji Bramasto for his never ending supports and prayers.

My beloved parents and big families for their supports, tolerance, prayers, and

encouragement.

My almamater, Sebelas Maret University, from which I have a great deal of

knowledge and insight about the ‘real’ meaning of life.


viii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researcher would like to acknowledge her countless gratitude to Allah SWT who

has granted her health and determination to write this thesis. In addition, there are many

people who have generously contributed in improving this thesis, and also she would like to

express her deep gratitude to the following:

1. The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University for

the permission to write the thesis.

2. The Head of English Education Department of Graduate Program for providing the

facilities to complete the thesis writing.

3. Dr. Suparno, M.Pd, the first consultant for his guidance, advice, and patience during

the writing process of this thesis.

4. Prof. Sri Samiati Tarjana, Dipl. TESOL, the second consultant for her guidance,

advice, and patience during the writing process of this thesis.

5. The Head of SMA N 1 Ngawi for the permission to conduct the research.

6. The English teacher of SMAN 1 Ngawi, especially Mrs. Rully for her help, guidance,

and cooperation during the research.

7. The grade students of SMA N 1 Ngawi, especially X M5 and XM8 in the academic

year 2016/2017 for their cooperation during the research.

8. All friends and everyone who have helped the researcher in accomplishing this thesis.

Hopefully, this thesis would provide a positive contribution to the educational

development and the readers.

Surakarta, January 2017

Tiara Dyah Andriani


ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE ........................................................................................................................... i

APPROVAL .................................................................................................................. ii

LEGITIMATION ......................................................................................................... iii

PRONOUNCEMENT ................................................................................................... iv

ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... v

MOTTO ......................................................................................................................... vi

DEDICATION............................................................................................................... vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................ viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................. ix

LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................ xi

LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................... xii

LIST OF APPENDICES .............................................................................................. xiii

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study .................................................................................... 1

B. Problem Identification ........................................................................................ 6

C. Problem Limitation ............................................................................................. 6

D. Statement of the Problem ................................................................................... 7

E. Objectives of the Study ....................................................................................... 7

F. The Benefits of the Study ................................................................................... 8

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE

A. Review on Speaking ........................................................................................... 10

1. The Definition of Speaking ............................................................................ 10

2. The Indicators of Speaking............................................................................. 11

a. Micro Skills ............................................................................................... 12

b. Macro Skills .............................................................................................. 13

3. Teaching Speaking ......................................................................................... 17

4. Testing Speaking ............................................................................................ 18

B. SoundCloud Application ..................................................................................... 21

1. Definition of SoundCloud ............................................................................. 21

2. Functions of SoundCloud .............................................................................. 23

3. Teaching Speaking Using SoundCloud .......................................................... 25

4. Advantages of SoundCloud Applications ..................................................... 28

5. Disadvantages of SoundCloud Applications .................................................. 30

C. Picture Series ...................................................................................................... 31

1. Definition of Picture Series ............................................................................ 31

2. Types of Pictures ............................................................................................ 33

a. Situational Pictures .................................................................................... 33

b. Sequential Pictures or Picture Series ......................................................... 33

3. Teaching Speaking Using Picture Series........................................................ 34

a. Advantages of Picture Series ..................................................................... 36

b. Disadvantages of Picture Series ................................................................ 38

D. Review on Creativity .......................................................................................... 40

1. Definition of Creativity .................................................................................. 40

2. The Importance of Creativity in Speaking ..................................................... 41

3. Aspects of Creativity ...................................................................................... 45

4. Measuring Creativity ...................................................................................... 47


x

E. Relevant Studies.................................................................................................. 51

F. Rationale ............................................................................................................. 54

1. The Difference between SoundCloud Application and Picture Series for

Teaching speaking .......................................................................................... 54

2. The Difference between Students with High Creativity and Low

Creativity in Speaking .................................................................................... 55

3. Teaching Media Which is Used by Teacher in the Class Plays and

Important Role and Gives Big Influence for the Succes of the Teaching

Learning Process ............................................................................................ 56

G. Hypothesis........................................................................................................... 56

CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Research Design.................................................................................................. 58

B. Place and Time .................................................................................................... 59

1. Place ............................................................................................................... 60

2. Time................................................................................................................ 60

C. Population and Sample ....................................................................................... 60

1. Population ....................................................................................................... 60

2. Sample ............................................................................................................ 61

3. Sampling Technique ....................................................................................... 61

D. Techniques of Collecting Data............................................................................ 62

E. Techniques of Analyzing Data............................................................................ 63

1. Normality Test ................................................................................................ 64

2. Homogenety Test ........................................................................................... 65

3. Hypothesis Testing ......................................................................................... 66

4. Tukey Test ...................................................................................................... 67

5. Statistica Hypothesis ...................................................................................... 68

CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION

A. Data Description ................................................................................................. 70

B. Inferntial Analysis ............................................................................................... 79

1. Normality Test ................................................................................................ 79

2. Homogeneity Test .......................................................................................... 81

3. ANOVA Test (Multifactor Analysis of Variance) ......................................... 82

4. Tukey Test ...................................................................................................... 85

C. Discussion of the Research Findings .................................................................. 87

CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 100

B. Implication and suggestion ................................................................................ 100

REFERENCES .............................................................................................................. 105

APPENDICES .............................................................................................................. 110


xi

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1 Indicators of Speaking ................................................................................... 16

Table 2.2 Oral Proficiency Test Scoring Categories ...................................................... 19

Table 2.3 Pandiya’s Scoring Rubric ............................................................................... 21

Table 2.4 Creativity Aspects ........................................................................................... 46

Table 2.5 Scoring Rubric Creativity ............................................................................... 50

Table 3.1 Research Plan .................................................................................................. 59

Table 3.2 Schedule of Research ...................................................................................... 60

Table 3.3 Research Instruments and Variables to Measure ............................................ 62

Table 4.1 The Frequency Distribution of Data A1 ......................................................... 71

Table 4.2 The Fequency Distribution of Data A2........................................................... 72

Table 4.3 The Fequency Distribution of Data B1 ........................................................... 73

Table 4.4 The Fequency Distribution of Data B2 ........................................................... 74

Table 4.5 The Fequency Distribution of Data A1B1 ...................................................... 75

Table 4.6 The Fequency Distribution of Data A1B2 ...................................................... 76

Table 4.7 The Frequency Distribution of Data A2B1..................................................... 77

Table 4.8 The Frequency Distribution of Data A2B2..................................................... 78

Table 4.9 The Summary of Normality Test .................................................................... 80

Table 4.10 The Summary of Homogeneity Test ............................................................. 82

Table 4.11 The Summary of ANOVA (Multifactor Analysis of Variance) 2x2 ............ 83

Table 4.12 The Result of Mean Score ............................................................................ 83

Table 4.13 The Summary of Tukey Test ........................................................................ 86


xii

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 4.1 Histogram and Polygon of Data A1 ............................................................... 72

Figure 4.2 Histogram and Polygon of Data A2 ............................................................. 73

Figure 4.3 Histogram and Polygon of Data B1 .............................................................. 74

Figure 4.4 Histogram and Polygon of Data B2 .............................................................. 75

Figure 4.5 Histogram and Polygon of Data A1B1 ......................................................... 76





xiii

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1 Sylabus ........................................................................................................ 110

Appendix 2 Lesson Plan of Experimental Class ............................................................. 115

Appendix 3 Lesson Plan of Control Class ...................................................................... 142

Appendix 4 Blueprint of Creativity Test ........................................................................ 169

Appendix 4.1 Instrument of Creativity Test ................................................................... 170

Appendix 5 Readability Result of Creativity Instrument ............................................... 174

Appendix 6 Blueprint of Speaking Test ......................................................................... 175

Appendix 6.1 Instrument of Speaking Test .................................................................... 176

Appendix 7 Readability Result of Writing Instrument ................................................... 177

Appendix 8 Students’ Creativity Scores ......................................................................... 178

Appendix 9.1 Post Test Students‟ Speaking Scores Experimental (A1) ........................ 180

Appendix 9.2 Post Test Students‟ Speaking Scores Control (A2) ................................. 181

Appendix 10 Descriptive Statistics ................................................................................. 182

Appendix 11 Normality Test ......................................................................................... 190

Appendix 12 Homogeneity Test .................................................................................... 198

Appendix 13 ANOVA 2x2 Multifactor Analysis Variance ............................................ 199

Appendix 13 The Result of Tukey Test ......................................................................... 200

Appendix 14 Table of Critical Values for the Liliefors (Normality Test) ..................... 201

Appendix 15 Table of the Chi Square Distribution (Homogeneity) .............................. 202

Appendix 16 Table of Critical Values for F Distribution .............................................. 203

Appendix 17 Table of Critical Values for Tukey test .................................................... 204

Appendix 18 Example of Students’ Creativity ............................................................... 205

Appendix 19 Pictures of Students‟ Activity .................................................................. 221

Appendix 20 Letter of Research Permission .................................................................. 221

Appendix 21 Letter of Having Conducted Research ..................................................... 222

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